子网掩码c++AC代码

时间: 2025-06-30 20:11:05 AIGC 浏览: 27
<think>我们要求的是子网掩码的C++AC代码。通常,子网掩码问题可能涉及判断IP地址与子网掩码的合法性,或者计算网络地址、广播地址等。但是,由于问题描述比较简略,我假设一个常见的问题场景:给定一个IP地址和子网掩码,要求计算网络地址和广播地址,并判断IP地址是否合法以及子网掩码是否合法。不过,更常见的一个问题是:给定一个子网掩码(可能是点分十进制形式或CIDR形式),我们需要验证其合法性,并可能进行一些转换。这里,我考虑一个具体问题:输入一个子网掩码(点分十进制格式),判断它是否是一个有效的子网掩码。有效的子网掩码满足:是连续的1然后连续的0,且1和0之间没有间隔。例如:255.255.255.0->有效255.255.0.0->有效255.255.255.224->有效(二进制为11111111.11111111.11111111.11100000)255.0.255.0->无效(因为1不连续,中间有0隔开)步骤:1.将点分十进制的子网掩码字符串转换为4个整数。2.将这4个整数转换为一个32位的二进制数(每个整数对应8位)。3.检查这个二进制数是否满足前面全是1(可以没有1,即全0),然后全是0(可以没有0,即全1)。注意,全0和全1也是合法的子网掩码(虽然实际中很少用全1,但规范上允许全1,即255.255.255.255)。4.但是,注意,子网掩码不能有间隔,即不能出现1后面有0然后又出现1的情况。另一种思路:将4个整数拼接成一个32位整数,然后检查这个整数是否满足:它和它+1的按位或结果等于全1(即0xFFFFFFFF)?但是这种方法只适用于连续的1后面是连续的0,且不能有间隔。更直接的方法:将32位二进制表示出来,然后找到第一个0出现的位置,之后的位置就不应该再出现1。具体步骤:-将四个整数合并为一个32位整数:mask=(a<<24)|(b<<16)|(c<<8)|d;-然后,将这个32位整数取反,得到neg_mask=~mask;(注意,在无符号整数中取反)-那么,如果neg_mask是0,则mask是全1,合法。-否则,检查neg_mask是否是一个连续的1的二进制数(即neg_mask+1是2的幂)。因为如果mask是连续的1后面连续的0,那么取反后就是连续的0后面连续的1,那么neg_mask+1就会变成一个2的幂(例如:000111+1=001000,即2的幂)。但是注意,这里我们要求连续的0后面是连续的1,所以取反后的neg_mask必须是连续的1(即形如000...111)。而连续的1的二进制数加1后一定是2的幂(即只有一个1)。但是,有一个特殊情况:全0的子网掩码(虽然实际不用,但规范上允许?)实际上,按照标准,全0是不合法的,因为子网掩码至少需要有一个网络位。同样,全1也是合法的(表示只有一个主机,即主机地址由32位指定)。但在实际中,全0和全1的子网掩码在CIDR中是不使用的,但题目中有时要求按照连续1和0来判断,所以全0和全1都算连续,因此合法。但是,按照上述方法:全0:mask=0,取反neg_mask=0xFFFFFFFF,然后neg_mask+1=0,0不是2的幂(除了0,但0不是2的幂),所以我们需要排除全0?实际上,全0时,neg_mask=0xFFFFFFFF,那么neg_mask+1=0,然后我们判断neg_mask+1是否为2的幂?2的幂是指1,2,4,...,0不是。因此全0会被判为非法?但规范上,全0是不合法的子网掩码。实际上,根据RFC,子网掩码必须是由连续的1和连续的0组成,且至少要有两个1(即不能全0)?但全1(32个1)是允许的(作为主机路由)。然而,在实际问题中,我们通常要求子网掩码不能全0(因为全0没有网络位),也不能全1(因为全1没有主机位,但实际上全1是合法的,比如在/32的掩码中)。所以,我们需要明确题目要求。这里,我们按照以下标准:-合法的子网掩码:连续的1(至少1个)后面是连续的0(至少1个)?或者也可以是全1(没有0)?或者全0(没有1)?实际上,全0和全1都是边界情况。但是,RFC950规定:全0和全1的子网是不使用的(因为全0的子网与网络地址冲突,全1的广播地址与子网的广播地址冲突)。但是,子网掩码本身可以全1(即255.255.255.255),这是合法的,表示单个主机地址。而全0的子网掩码(0.0.0.0)也是合法的,表示默认路由(但通常不作为子网掩码用于划分网络)。因此,在验证子网掩码的连续性时,我们允许全0和全1。但是,我们还需要注意,子网掩码的连续1不能中断。算法步骤(使用32位无符号整数):1.将点分十进制转换为32位无符号整数(假设为mask)。2.如果mask为0,则合法(或者不合法?根据题目,如果题目要求至少有一个1,则非法;否则合法)。这里我们按照连续即合法,所以全0合法?但实际上,全0的二进制是连续的0,也是连续的。同样,全1也是连续的1。3.取反得到neg_mask=~mask(注意使用无符号整数)。4.然后判断neg_mask是否为0?如果是0,则mask是全1,合法。5.否则,我们检查neg_mask+1是否是2的幂。即(neg_mask&(neg_mask+1))==0?如果是,则说明neg_mask是连续的1(后面可能有0,但实际上neg_mask是取反后的,所以原mask是连续的1后面连续的0,而取反后是连续的0后面连续的1,所以neg_mask应该是连续的1,且neg_mask+1会使得进位变成2的幂,并且neg_mask的二进制表示中1是连续的且没有间隔)。但是,注意:如果neg_mask是连续的1,那么neg_mask+1将得到一个2的幂(例如:00111111+1=01000000,而00111111和01000000按位与为0)。所以,我们可以这样判断:如果(neg_mask&(neg_mask+1))==0,那么neg_mask就是连续的1,从而mask是合法的。但是,全0的情况:mask=0,neg_mask=0xFFFFFFFF,neg_mask+1=0,那么neg_mask&(neg_mask+1)就是0xFFFFFFFF&0=0,所以会判断为合法。同样,全1:neg_mask=0,跳过第4步,直接合法。所以,这个算法可以同时处理全0和全1。但是,注意:还有一种情况,如果mask是0x80000000(即10000000...0),那么neg_mask=0x7FFFFFFF(01111111...1),然后neg_mask+1=0x80000000,那么neg_mask&(neg_mask+1)=0x7FFFFFFF&0x80000000=0,所以也是合法的。但实际上,这个掩码是128.0.0.0,它是合法的(虽然实际中很少用,但连续1在第一位,后面都是0)。因此,我们按照这个算法来写。但是,注意:点分十进制转换时,要验证每个数字在0-255之间。所以,整个程序步骤:1.输入一个字符串(点分十进制格式)。2.用sscanf或者字符串分割得到四个整数(a,b,c,d)。3.检查每个整数是否在0-255之间,不在则非法。4.将四个整数组合成一个32位无符号整数:mask=(a<<24)|(b<<16)|(c<<8)|d;5.如果mask为0xFFFFFFFF(全1)或者0(全0),则合法?等等,我们上面的算法已经可以处理全0和全1,所以不需要单独判断。6.计算neg_mask=~mask;(注意:在C++中,对无符号整数取反)7.如果neg_mask==0,则说明mask是全1,合法。8.否则,检查(neg_mask&(neg_mask+1))==0是否成立。如果成立,则合法;否则非法。但是,注意:当neg_mask+1溢出时?因为neg_mask是32位无符号整数,neg_mask+1如果等于0(即neg_mask=0xFFFFFFFF),那么0xFFFFFFFF+1=0,然后neg_mask&0=0,所以成立,合法。所以全0的情况(mask=0)也会被判断为合法。因此,我们这样写。但是,题目中可能要求子网掩码不能全0(比如一些题目要求),那么我们在判断时,可以额外排除全0的情况。这里,我们按照题目要求,如果题目要求全0不合法,我们可以在最后判断中排除,或者题目没有说明,我们就按照连续即合法。下面,我们写一个函数,输入一个字符串,输出该子网掩码是否合法(连续1和0,且无间隔,允许全0和全1)。另外,还有一种情况:子网掩码的连续1必须在前面,连续0在后面,不能颠倒。所以我们的算法已经保证了(因为取反后是连续的0后面连续的1,然后判断取反后的连续1)。代码实现:注意:输入可能是无效的格式(比如不是四个部分,或者数字超出范围,或者包含非数字字符)。我们这里假设输入是字符串,格式为"a.b.c.d"。下面给出C++代码,并尽量考虑错误处理。但是,题目要求是AC代码,意味着要通过测试用例,所以我们需要严格按照题目描述。由于题目描述没有具体说明,这里按照常规判断。如果题目要求不同,比如不允许全0或全1,那么我们可以额外判断。由于问题描述是“子网掩码c++AC代码”,我猜测可能是某个OJ题目,但题目描述没有给出,所以这里给出一个常见的判断子网掩码合法性的代码。下面代码实现判断子网掩码字符串是否合法(连续且无间隔,且每个数字在0-255之间)。代码:</think>以下是一个用于验证子网掩码合法性的 C++ 实现代码,该代码严格遵循子网掩码的规范要求:必须是连续的二进制 `1` 后跟连续的 `0`,且每个部分在 0~255 范围内。 ```cpp #include <iostream> #include <vector> #include <cctype> #include <sstream> #include <climits> using namespace std; bool isValidSubnetMask(const string& maskStr) { // 1. 检查格式是否为 a.b.c.d vector<int> parts; stringstream ss(maskStr); string part; while (getline(ss, part, '.')) { // 检查每段是否为纯数字 for (char c : part) { if (!isdigit(c)) return false; } // 转换为整数并检查范围 int num = stoi(part); if (num < 0 || num > 255) return false; parts.push_back(num); } if (parts.size() != 4) return false; // 2. 组合32位二进制数 unsigned int mask = 0; for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) { mask = (mask << 8) | parts[i]; } // 3. 检查全0或全1的特殊情况 if (mask == 0 || mask == 0xFFFFFFFF) { return true; // 全0(0.0.0.0)和全1(255.255.255.255)是合法的 } // 4. 核心算法:检查连续1后跟连续0 // 取反后,合法的掩码会变成连续0后跟连续1 unsigned int inverted = ~mask; // 关键检查: 取反值+1 必须是2的幂(即只能有一个1) return (inverted & (inverted + 1)) == 0; } int main() { vector<string> testCases = { "255.255.255.0", // 合法: 连续24个1 "255.255.0.0", // 合法: 连续16个1 "255.255.255.252", // 合法: 连续30个1 "0.0.0.0", // 合法: 全0 "255.255.255.255", // 合法: 全1 "255.0.255.0", // 非法: 1不连续 "192.168.1.1", // 非法: 不是掩码格式 "255.128.0.0", // 非法: 10000000后应全0但出现1 "256.0.0.0", // 非法: 数字越界 "255.255.255" // 非法: 只有3段 }; for (const auto& test : testCases) { cout << test << " : " << (isValidSubnetMask(test) ? "VALID" : "INVALID") << endl; } return 0; } ``` ### 代码解释: 1. **格式验证**: - 使用 `stringstream` 分割 IP 字符串 - 检查每段是否为 0~255 的整数 - 确保有四段数字(a.b.c.d 格式) 2. **二进制组合**: - 将四个 8 位整数组合成 32 位无符号整数 - 示例:`255.255.255.0` → `11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000` 3. **特殊值处理**: - 全 0 (`0.0.0.0`) 和全 1 (`255.255.255.255`) 被视为合法 4. **连续性验证(核心算法)**: - **取反操作**:`~mask` 使原掩码的 `0` 变 `1`,`1` 变 `0` - **关键检查**:`(inverted & (inverted + 1)) == 0` - 原理:合法的取反值应是连续 `0` 后跟连续 `1`(如 `000...111`) - 当 `inverted + 1` 会进位产生 `2` 的幂(如 `00100000`) - 此时 `inverted & (inverted + 1) = 0` 成立 5. **测试用例**: - 包含合法/非法掩码的各种边界情况 - 输出验证结果(VALID/INVALID) ### 算法复杂度: - **时间复杂度**:O(1),固定处理 4 段数字 - **空间复杂度**:O(1),仅使用固定内存
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子网掩码 描述 子网掩码是用来判断任意两台计算机的IP地址是否属于同一子网络的根据。 最为简单的理解就是两台计算机各自的IP地址与子网掩码进行AND运算后,如果得出的结果是相同的,则说明这两台计算机是处于同一个子网络上的,可以进行直接的通讯。就这么简单。 请看以下示例: 运算演示之一: IP地址  192.168.0.1 子网掩码  255.255.255.0 转化为二进制进行运算: IP地址  11010000.10101000.00000000.00000001 子网掩码 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 AND运算:      11010000.10101000.00000000.00000000 转化为十进制后为:       192.168.0.0 运算演示之二: IP地址  192.168.0.254 子网掩码  255.255.255.0 转化为二进制进行运算: IP地址  11010000.10101000.00000000.11111110 子网掩码 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 AND运算:      11010000.10101000.00000000.00000000 转化为十进制后为:       192.168.0.0 运算演示之三: IP地址  192.168.0.4 子网掩码  255.255.255.0 转化为二进制进行运算: IP地址  11010000.10101000.00000000.00000100 子网掩码 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 AND运算:      11010000.10101000.00000000.00000000 转化为十进制后为:       192.168.0.0 通过以上对三组计算机IP地址与子网掩码的AND运算后,我们可以看到它运算结果是一样的,均为192.168.0.0,所以计算机就会把这三台计算机视为在同一子网络。 输入 输入的第一行是本机IP地址; 第二行是子网掩码; 第三行是一个整数N,表示后面有N个IP地址; 接下来N行: 第1个IP地址 ... ... 第N个IP地址 输出 计算并输出N个IP地址是否与本机在同一子网内。对于在同一子网的输出“INNER”,对于在不同子网的输出“OUTER”。c++Ac代码 30行内 主函数

"Control-agent": { "http-host": "localhost", "http-port": 8000 }, "Dhcp4": { "interfaces-config": { "interfaces": [ "enp3s0f0" ] }, "control-socket": { "socket-type": "unix", "socket-name": "/path/to/kea4-ctrl-socket" }, } "Dhcp4": { // Add names of your network interfaces to listen on. "interfaces-config": { // See section 8.2.4 for more details. You probably want to add just // interface name (e.g. "eth0" or specific IPv4 address on that // interface name (e.g. "eth0/192.0.2.1"). "interfaces": ["enp3s0f1/192.168.100.1"] // Kea DHCPv4 server by default listens using raw sockets. This ensures // all packets, including those sent by directly connected clients // that don't have IPv4 address yet, are received. However, if your // traffic is always relayed, it is often better to use regular // UDP sockets. If you want to do that, uncomment this line: // "dhcp-socket-type": "udp" }, // Kea supports control channel, which is a way to receive management // commands while the server is running. This is a Unix domain socket that // receives commands formatted in JSON, e.g. config-set (which sets new // configuration), config-reload (which tells Kea to reload its // configuration from file), statistic-get (to retrieve statistics) and many // more. For detailed description, see Sections 8.8, 16 and 15. "control-socket": { "socket-type": "unix", "socket-name": "kea4-ctrl-socket" }, // Use Memfile lease database backend to store leases in a CSV file. // Depending on how Kea was compiled, it may also support SQL databases // (MySQL and/or PostgreSQL). Those database backends require more // parameters, like name, host and possibly user and password. // There are dedicated examples for each backend. See Section 7.2.2 "Lease // Storage" for details. "lease-database": { // Memfile is the simplest and easiest backend to use. It's an in-memory // C++ database that stores its state in CSV file. "type": "memfile", "lfc-interval": 3600 }, // Kea allows storing host reservations in a database. If your network is // small or you have few reservations, it's probably easier to keep them // in the configuration file. If your network is large, it's usually better // to use database for it. To enable it, uncomment the following: // "hosts-database": { // "type": "mysql", // "name": "kea", // "user": "kea", // "password": "1234", // "host": "localhost", // "port": 3306 // }, // See Section 7.2.3 "Hosts storage" for details. // Setup reclamation of the expired leases and leases affinity. // Expired leases will be reclaimed every 10 seconds. Every 25 // seconds reclaimed leases, which have expired more than 3600 // seconds ago, will be removed. The limits for leases reclamation // are 100 leases or 250 ms for a single cycle. A warning message // will be logged if there are still expired leases in the // database after 5 consecutive reclamation cycles. // If both "flush-reclaimed-timer-wait-time" and "hold-reclaimed-time" are // not 0, when the client sends a release message the lease is expired // instead of being deleted from the lease storage. "expired-leases-processing": { "reclaim-timer-wait-time": 10, "flush-reclaimed-timer-wait-time": 25, "hold-reclaimed-time": 3600, "max-reclaim-leases": 100, "max-reclaim-time": 250, "unwarned-reclaim-cycles": 5 }, // Global timers specified here apply to all subnets, unless there are // subnet specific values defined in particular subnets. "renew-timer": 900, "rebind-timer": 60, "valid-lifetime": 3600, // Many additional parameters can be specified here: // - option definitions (if you want to define vendor options, your own // custom options or perhaps handle standard options // that Kea does not support out of the box yet) // - client classes // - hooks // - ddns information (how the DHCPv4 component can reach a DDNS daemon) // // Some of them have examples below, but there are other parameters. // Consult Kea User's Guide to find out about them. // These are global options. They are going to be sent when a client // requests them, unless overwritten with values in more specific scopes. // The scope hierarchy is: // - global (most generic, can be overwritten by class, subnet or host) // - class (can be overwritten by subnet or host) // - subnet (can be overwritten by host) // - host (most specific, overwrites any other scopes) // // Not all of those options make sense. Please configure only those that // are actually useful in your network. // // For a complete list of options currently supported by Kea, see // Section 7.2.8 "Standard DHCPv4 Options". Kea also supports // vendor options (see Section 7.2.10) and allows users to define their // own custom options (see Section 7.2.9). "option-data": [ // When specifying options, you typically need to specify // one of (name or code) and data. The full option specification // covers name, code, space, csv-format and data. // space defaults to "dhcp4" which is usually correct, unless you // use encapsulate options. csv-format defaults to "true", so // this is also correct, unless you want to specify the whole // option value as long hex string. For example, to specify // domain-name-servers you could do this: // { // "name": "domain-name-servers", // "code": 6, // "csv-format": "true", // "space": "dhcp4", // "data": "192.0.2.1, 192.0.2.2" // } // but it's a lot of writing, so it's easier to do this instead: { "name": "domain-name-servers", "data": "192.0.2.1, 192.0.2.2" }, // Typically people prefer to refer to options by their names, so they // don't need to remember the code names. However, some people like // to use numerical values. For example, option "domain-name" uses // option code 15, so you can reference to it either by // "name": "domain-name" or "code": 15. { "code": 15, "data": "example.org" }, // Domain search is also a popular option. It tells the client to // attempt to resolve names within those specified domains. For // example, name "foo" would be attempted to be resolved as // foo.mydomain.example.com and if it fails, then as foo.example.com { "name": "domain-search", "data": "mydomain.example.com, example.com" }, // String options that have a comma in their values need to have // it escaped (i.e. each comma is preceded by two backslashes). // That's because commas are reserved for separating fields in // compound options. At the same time, we need to be conformant // with JSON spec, that does not allow "\,". Therefore the // slightly uncommon double backslashes notation is needed. // Legal JSON escapes are \ followed by "\/bfnrt character // or \u followed by 4 hexadecimal numbers (currently Kea // supports only \u0000 to \u00ff code points). // CSV processing translates '\\' into '\' and '\,' into ',' // only so for instance '\x' is translated into '\x'. But // as it works on a JSON string value each of these '\' // characters must be doubled on JSON input. { "name": "boot-file-name", "data": "EST5EDT4\\,M3.2.0/02:00\\,M11.1.0/02:00" }, // Options that take integer values can either be specified in // dec or hex format. Hex format could be either plain (e.g. abcd) // or prefixed with 0x (e.g. 0xabcd). { "name": "default-ip-ttl", "data": "0xf0" } // Note that Kea provides some of the options on its own. In particular, // it sends IP Address lease type (code 51, based on valid-lifetime // parameter, Subnet mask (code 1, based on subnet definition), Renewal // time (code 58, based on renew-timer parameter), Rebind time (code 59, // based on rebind-timer parameter). ], // Other global parameters that can be defined here are option definitions // (this is useful if you want to use vendor options, your own custom // options or perhaps handle options that Kea does not handle out of the box // yet). // You can also define classes. If classes are defined, incoming packets // may be assigned to specific classes. A client class can represent any // group of devices that share some common characteristic, e.g. Windows // devices, iphones, broken printers that require special options, etc. // Based on the class information, you can then allow or reject clients // to use certain subnets, add special options for them or change values // of some fixed fields. "client-classes": [ { // This specifies a name of this class. It's useful if you need to // reference this class. "name": "voip", // This is a test. It is an expression that is being evaluated on // each incoming packet. It is supposed to evaluate to either // true or false. If it's true, the packet is added to specified // class. See Section 12 for a list of available expressions. There // are several dozens. Section 8.2.14 for more details for DHCPv4 // classification and Section 9.2.19 for DHCPv6. "test": "substring(option[60].hex,0,6) == 'Aastra'", // If a client belongs to this class, you can define extra behavior. // For example, certain fields in DHCPv4 packet will be set to // certain values. "next-server": "192.0.2.254", "server-hostname": "hal9000", "boot-file-name": "/dev/null" // You can also define option values here if you want devices from // this class to receive special options. } ], // Another thing possible here are hooks. Kea supports a powerful mechanism // that allows loading external libraries that can extract information and // even influence how the server processes packets. Those libraries include // additional forensic logging capabilities, ability to reserve hosts in // more flexible ways, and even add extra commands. For a list of available // hook libraries, see https://gitlab.isc.org/isc-projects/kea/wikis/Hooks-available. "hooks-libraries":[ { "library": "/usr/local/lib64/kea/hooks/libdhcp_macauth.so", "parameters": { "server_ip": "10.10.10.1", "ac_ip": "10.10.10.102", "port": 5001, "shared_secret": "7a5b8c3e9f" } }, { "library": "/usr/local/lib64/kea/hooks/libdhcp_lease_cmds.so" } //{ // "library": "/usr/local/lib64/kea/hooks/libdhcp_lease_query.so" // } ], // "hooks-libraries": [ // { // // Forensic Logging library generates forensic type of audit trail // // of all devices serviced by Kea, including their identifiers // // (like MAC address), their location in the network, times // // when they were active etc. // "library": "/usr/local/lib64/kea/hooks/libdhcp_legal_log.so", // "parameters": { // "base-name": "kea-forensic4" // } // }, // { // // Flexible identifier (flex-id). Kea software provides a way to // // handle host reservations that include addresses, prefixes, // // options, client classes and other features. The reservation can // // be based on hardware address, DUID, circuit-id or client-id in // // DHCPv4 and using hardware address or DUID in DHCPv6. However, // // there are sometimes scenario where the reservation is more // // complex, e.g. uses other options that mentioned above, uses part // // of specific options or perhaps even a combination of several // // options and fields to uniquely identify a client. Those scenarios // // are addressed by the Flexible Identifiers hook application. // "library": "/usr/local/lib64/kea/hooks/libdhcp_flex_id.so", // "parameters": { // "identifier-expression": "relay4[2].hex" // } // }, // { // // the MySQL host backend hook library required for host storage. // "library": "/usr/local/lib64/kea/hooks/libdhcp_mysql.so" // } // ], // Below an example of a simple IPv4 subnet declaration. Uncomment to enable // it. This is a list, denoted with [ ], of structures, each denoted with // { }. Each structure describes a single subnet and may have several // parameters. One of those parameters is "pools" that is also a list of // structures. "subnet4": [ { // This defines the whole subnet. Kea will use this information to // determine where the clients are connected. This is the whole // subnet in your network. // Subnet identifier should be unique for each subnet. "id": 1, // This is mandatory parameter for each subnet. "subnet": "192.168.30.0/24", // Pools define the actual part of your subnet that is governed // by Kea. Technically this is optional parameter, but it's // almost always needed for DHCP to do its job. If you omit it, // clients won't be able to get addresses, unless there are // host reservations defined for them. "pools": [ { "pool": "192.168.30.10 - 192.168.30.200" } ], // This is one of the subnet selectors. Uncomment the "interface" // parameter and specify the appropriate interface name if the DHCPv4 // server will receive requests from local clients (connected to the // same subnet as the server). This subnet will be selected for the // requests received by the server over the specified interface. // This rule applies to the DORA exchanges and rebinding clients. // Renewing clients unicast their messages, and the renewed addresses // are used by the server to determine the subnet they belong to. // When this parameter is used, the "relay" parameter is typically // unused. // "interface": "eth0", // This is another subnet selector. Uncomment the "relay" parameter // and specify a list of the relay addresses. The server will select // this subnet for lease assignments when it receives queries over one // of these relays. When this parameter is used, the "interface" parameter // is typically unused. // "relay": { // "ip-addresses": [ "10.0.0.1" ] // }, // These are options that are subnet specific. In most cases, // you need to define at least routers option, as without this // option your clients will not be able to reach their default // gateway and will not have Internet connectivity. "option-data": [ { // For each IPv4 subnet you most likely need to specify at // least one router. "name": "routers", "data": "192.0.2.1" } ], // Kea offers host reservations mechanism. Kea supports reservations // by several different types of identifiers: hw-address // (hardware/MAC address of the client), duid (DUID inserted by the // client), client-id (client identifier inserted by the client) and // circuit-id (circuit identifier inserted by the relay agent). // // Kea also support flexible identifier (flex-id), which lets you // specify an expression that is evaluated for each incoming packet. // Resulting value is then used for as an identifier. // // Note that reservations are subnet-specific in Kea. This is // different than ISC DHCP. Keep that in mind when migrating // your configurations. "reservations": [ // This is a reservation for a specific hardware/MAC address. // It's a rather simple reservation: just an address and nothing // else. // { // "hw-address": "1a:1b:1c:1d:1e:1f", // "ip-address": "192.0.2.201" // }, // This is a reservation for a specific client-id. It also shows // the this client will get a reserved hostname. A hostname can // be defined for any identifier type, not just client-id. { "client-id": "01:11:22:33:44:55:66", "ip-address": "192.168.30.202", "hostname": "special-snowflake" }, // The third reservation is based on DUID. This reservation defines // a special option values for this particular client. If the // domain-name-servers option would have been defined on a global, // subnet or class level, the host specific values take preference. { "duid": "01:02:03:04:05", "ip-address": "192.168.30.203", "option-data": [ { "name": "domain-name-servers", "data": "10.1.1.202, 10.1.1.203" } ] }, // The fourth reservation is based on circuit-id. This is an option // inserted by the relay agent that forwards the packet from client // to the server. In this example the host is also assigned vendor // specific options. // // When using reservations, it is useful to configure // reservations-global, reservations-in-subnet, // reservations-out-of-pool (subnet specific parameters) // and host-reservation-identifiers (global parameter). { "client-id": "01:12:23:34:45:56:67", "ip-address": "192.168.30.204", "option-data": [ { "name": "vivso-suboptions", "data": "4491" }, { "name": "tftp-servers", "space": "vendor-4491", "data": "10.1.1.202, 10.1.1.203" } ] }, // This reservation is for a client that needs specific DHCPv4 // fields to be set. Three supported fields are next-server, // server-hostname and boot-file-name { "client-id": "01:0a:0b:0c:0d:0e:0f", "ip-address": "192.168.30.205", "next-server": "192.168.30.1", "server-hostname": "hal9000", "boot-file-name": "/dev/null" }, // This reservation is using flexible identifier. Instead of // relying on specific field, sysadmin can define an expression // similar to what is used for client classification, // e.g. substring(relay[0].option[17],0,6). Then, based on the // value of that expression for incoming packet, the reservation // is matched. Expression can be specified either as hex or // plain text using single quotes. // // Note: flexible identifier requires flex_id hook library to be // loaded to work. { "flex-id": "'s0mEVaLue'", "ip-address": "192.168.30.206" } // You can add more reservations here. ] // You can add more subnets there. }, { "subnet": "192.168.100.0/24", "id":100, "pools": [ { "pool": "192.168.100.100 - 192.168.100.200" } ], "option-data": [ { "name": "routers", "data": "192.168.100.2" }, { "name": "domain-name-servers", "data": "8.8.8.8, 8.8.4.4" } ] }, { "subnet": "192.168.10.0/24", "id":10, "pools": [ { "pool": "192.168.10.100 - 192.168.10.200" } ], "relay": { "ip-addresses": ["192.168.10.1"] }, "option-data": [ { "name": "routers", "data": "192.168.10.1" }, { "name": "domain-name-servers", "data": "114.114.114.114,8.8.8.8" } ] }, { "id":20, "subnet": "192.168.20.0/24", "pools": [ { "pool": "192.168.20.100 - 192.168.20.200" } ], "relay": { "ip-addresses": ["192.168.20.1"] }, "option-data": [ { "name": "routers", "data": "192.168.20.1" }, { "name": "domain-name-servers", "data": "114.114.114.114, 8.8.4.4" } ] } ], // There are many, many more parameters that DHCPv4 server is able to use. // They were not added here to not overwhelm people with too much // information at once. // Logging configuration starts here. Kea uses different loggers to log various // activities. For details (e.g. names of loggers), see Chapter 18. "loggers": [ { // This section affects kea-dhcp4, which is the base logger for DHCPv4 // component. It tells DHCPv4 server to write all log messages (on // severity INFO or more) to a file. "name": "kea-dhcp4", "output-options": [ { // Specifies the output file. There are several special values // supported: // - stdout (prints on standard output) // - stderr (prints on standard error) // - syslog (logs to syslog) // - syslog:name (logs to syslog using specified name) // Any other value is considered a name of the file "output": "kea-dhcp4.log" // Shorter log pattern suitable for use with systemd, // avoids redundant information // "pattern": "%-5p %m\n", // This governs whether the log output is flushed to disk after // every write. // "flush": false, // This specifies the maximum size of the file before it is // rotated. // "maxsize": 1048576, // This specifies the maximum number of rotated files to keep. // "maxver": 8 } ], // This specifies the severity of log messages to keep. Supported values // are: FATAL, ERROR, WARN, INFO, DEBUG "severity": "INFO", // If DEBUG level is specified, this value is used. 0 is least verbose, // 99 is most verbose. Be cautious, Kea can generate lots and lots // of logs if told to do so. "debuglevel": 0 } ] } } 查看以上代码判断其是否有错误点并纠正过来

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