<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.3.12.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> </parent> <groupId>KuCun2</groupId> <artifactId>KuCun2</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <configuration> <mainClass>com.kucun.DemoApplication</mainClass>  </configuration> <packaging>war</packaging> <name>KuCun2</name> <description/> <properties> <webVersion>4.0</webVersion> <org.springframework.version>3.0.5.RELEASE</org.springframework.version> <guice.version>3.0-rc3</guice.version> <protobuf.version>3.21.12</protobuf.version> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <jackson-version>1.6.3</jackson-version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>javax</groupId> <artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId> <version>8.0</version> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.glassfish.web</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</artifactId> <version>1.2.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>8.0.33</version> <exclusions> <exclusion> <artifactId>protobuf-java</artifactId> <groupId>com.google.protobuf</groupId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> <exclusions> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> <exclusions> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId> <scope>provided</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> <exclusions> <exclusion> <artifactId>jackson-datatype-jsr310</artifactId> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype</groupId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-datatype-jsr310</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.mindrot</groupId> <artifactId>jbcrypt</artifactId> <version>0.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.google.protobuf</groupId> <artifactId>protobuf-java</artifactId> <version>${protobuf.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.yaml</groupId> <artifactId>snakeyaml</artifactId> <version>1.30</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>antlr</groupId> <artifactId>antlr</artifactId> <version>2.7.7</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <version>1.6.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>dom4j</groupId> <artifactId>dom4j</artifactId> <version>1.6.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId> <version>4.1.4.Final</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate.common</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-commons-annotations</artifactId> <version>4.0.1.Final</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate.javax.persistence</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-jpa-2.0-api</artifactId> <version>1.0.1.Final</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.javassist</groupId> <artifactId>javassist</artifactId> <version>3.15.0-GA</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.jboss.logging</groupId> <artifactId>jboss-logging</artifactId> <version>3.1.0.GA</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.jboss.spec.javax.transaction</groupId> <artifactId>jboss-transaction-api_1.1_spec</artifactId> <version>1.0.0.Final</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId> <version>4.1.4.Final</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId> <version>4.2.0.Final</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>xml-apis</groupId> <artifactId>xml-apis</artifactId> <version>1.4.01</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>1.6.8</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.transaction</groupId> <artifactId>jta</artifactId> <version>1.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.7</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${org.springframework.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId> <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId> <version>1.2.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId> <version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-core</artifactId> <version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-acl</artifactId> <version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-aspects</artifactId> <version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-cas</artifactId> <version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId> <version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-crypto</artifactId> <version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-ldap</artifactId> <version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-openid</artifactId> <version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-remoting</artifactId> <version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-taglibs</artifactId> <version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.webflow</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webflow</artifactId> <version>2.4.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.webflow</groupId> <artifactId>spring-binding</artifactId> <version>2.4.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.webflow</groupId> <artifactId>spring-js</artifactId> <version>2.4.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.webflow</groupId> <artifactId>spring-js-resources</artifactId> <version>2.4.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>opensymphony</groupId> <artifactId>ognl</artifactId> <version>2.6.11</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId> <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId> <version>1.3</version> <exclusions> <exclusion> <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId> <groupId>commons-logging</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>commons-pool</artifactId> <groupId>commons-pool</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>xerces</artifactId> <groupId>xerces</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>xercesImpl</artifactId> <groupId>xerces</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>xml-apis</artifactId> <groupId>xml-apis</groupId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-pool</groupId> <artifactId>commons-pool</artifactId> <version>1.5.4</version> <exclusions> <exclusion> <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId> <groupId>commons-logging</groupId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-io</groupId> <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId> <version>1.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-beanutils</groupId> <artifactId>commons-beanutils</artifactId> <version>1.8.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-codec</groupId> <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId> <version>1.5</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.atomikos</groupId> <artifactId>transactions-essentials-all</artifactId> <version>3.6.4</version> <type>pom</type> <exclusions> <exclusion> <artifactId>hibernate</artifactId> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId> <artifactId>cxf-bundle-minimal</artifactId> <version>2.1.9</version> <exclusions> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring-dao</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring-support</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>geronimo-servlet_2.5_spec</artifactId> <groupId>org.apache.geronimo.specs</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>jetty</artifactId> <groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>jetty-util</artifactId> <groupId>org.mortbay.jetty</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>asm</artifactId> <groupId>asm</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>slf4j-jdk14</artifactId> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.derby</groupId> <artifactId>derbyclient</artifactId> <version>10.1.1.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.google.gwt.inject</groupId> <artifactId>gin</artifactId> <version>1.0</version> <exclusions> <exclusion> <artifactId>gwt-servlet</artifactId> <groupId>com.google.gwt</groupId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.google.inject</groupId> <artifactId>guice</artifactId> <version>${guice.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.inject</groupId> <artifactId>javax.inject</artifactId> <version>1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.google.inject.extensions</groupId> <artifactId>guice-servlet</artifactId> <version>${guice.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.google.inject.extensions</groupId> <artifactId>guice-multibindings</artifactId> <version>${guice.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.google.inject.extensions</groupId> <artifactId>guice-persist</artifactId> <version>${guice.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.primefaces</groupId> <artifactId>primefaces</artifactId> <version>2.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.json</groupId> <artifactId>json</artifactId> <version>20090211</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-jaxrs</artifactId> <version>${jackson-version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-core-asl</artifactId> <version>${jackson-version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId> <version>${jackson-version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> <version>1.6.6</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>postgresql</groupId> <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId> <version>8.3-603.jdbc3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.skywaysoftware</groupId> <artifactId>skyway-spring-utils</artifactId> <version>7.1.3</version> <exclusions> <exclusion> <artifactId>cxf-bundle-minimal</artifactId> <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>wss4j</artifactId> <groupId>org.apache.ws.security</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring-security-core</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>spring-binding</artifactId> <groupId>org.springframework.webflow</groupId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.validation</groupId> <artifactId>validation-api</artifactId> <version>1.0.0.GA</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>opensymphony</groupId> <artifactId>sitemesh</artifactId> <version>2.4.2</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.directwebremoting</groupId> <artifactId>dwr</artifactId> <version>2.0.5</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <repositories> <repository> <id>skyway-public-site</id> <name>Skyway Public Maven Repository</name> <url>http://downloads.skywayperspectives.org/maven-repo</url> </repository> </repositories> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.3.2</version> <configuration> <source>1.8</source> <target>1.8</target> <compilerArgs> <arg>-parameters</arg> </compilerArgs> </configuration> </plugin> <plugin> <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.6</version> <configuration> <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>打包jar和war

时间: 2025-07-31 11:57:09 浏览: 16

<think>我们注意到这个pom.xml文件中有几个关键问题：1.项目打包方式为war（<packaging>war</packaging>），但用户要求打包为jar（或同时打包jar和war？）2.主类配置在<configuration>标签内，但该标签的位置不正确（应该在spring-boot-maven-plugin插件内）3.依赖管理混乱：存在大量重复依赖（如多次引入spring-boot-starter-web）和版本冲突（如Spring版本有3.0.5和SpringBoot自带的5.x版本）4.缺少spring-boot-maven-plugin插件的配置，导致打包可执行jar失败解决方案：1.修改打包方式：如果需要同时生成jar和war，可以使用maven的构建配置。但通常一个项目只打包一种格式。这里先按用户要求同时打包jar和war。2.修复spring-boot-maven-plugin配置：将<configuration>移到插件内部，并确保指定了主类。3.清理依赖：移除重复依赖和版本冲突（特别是SpringFramework版本，应该使用SpringBoot父pom管理的版本）4.由于项目依赖非常复杂，我们首先简化pom，然后配置打包插件。步骤：1.修改打包方式：默认打包为war，同时配置一个jar的构建配置。2.配置spring-boot-maven-plugin插件，用于生成可执行jar。3.修复依赖冲突：移除显式指定的Spring版本（3.0.5.RELEASE），使用SpringBoot管理的版本。移除重复的依赖。注意：由于项目依赖非常复杂，我们只做必要修改。建议后续逐步清理依赖。修改后的pom.xml关键部分：```xml<project...>...<packaging>war</packaging>...<properties></properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId><exclusions><exclusion><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId></exclusion><exclusion><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId></exclusion><exclusion><groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype</groupId><artifactId>jackson-datatype-jsr310</artifactId></exclusion></exclusions></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId></dependency>...</dependencies><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId><version>2.3.12.RELEASE</version><configuration><mainClass>com.kucun.DemoApplication</mainClass></configuration><executions><execution><goals><goal>repackage</goal></goals></execution></executions></plugin><plugin><artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId><version>3.3.2</version><configuration><failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml></configuration></plugin><plugin><artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId><version>3.8.1</version><configuration><source>1.8</source><target>1.8</target><compilerArgs><arg>-parameters</arg></compilerArgs></configuration></plugin></plugins></build></project>```###打包命令：-打包war：`mvncleanpackage`(默认打包war)-打包jar：我们需要额外配置一个profile或者使用分类器，但spring-boot-maven-plugin默认会生成两个jar：一个原始jar（*.jar）和一个可执行jar（*.jar.original）。我们可以直接使用可执行jar。实际上，执行`mvncleanpackage`后：-由于有spring-boot-maven-plugin，会生成一个可执行的jar（带有所有依赖的fatjar）和原始的war包（因为packaging是war）。这并不常见。###调整：同时生成war和可执行jar如果我们希望同时生成war和可执行jar，我们可以配置两个构建配置，但通常一个项目只打包一种格式。因此，建议：1.将打包方式改为jar，则生成可执行jar。2.如果需要war，则配置打包方式为war，并添加spring-boot-starter-tomcat的provided依赖，然后使用maven-war-plugin打包war。但用户要求同时打包jar和war。我们可以使用maven的构建配置来生成两个包。###同时生成war和fatjar的配置：修改pom.xml的build部分：```xml<build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId><version>2.3.12.RELEASE</version><configuration><mainClass>com.kucun.DemoApplication</mainClass><classifier>exec</classifier></configuration><executions><execution><goals><goal>repackage</goal></goals></execution></executions></plugin><plugin><groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId><artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId><version>3.3.2</version><configuration><failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml></configuration></plugin><plugin><groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId><artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId><version>3.2.2</version><executions><execution><id>make-a-jar</id><phase>package</phase><goals><goal>jar</goal></goals></execution></executions></plugin></plugins></build>```这样，执行`mvncleanpackage`后：-会生成一个war包（主构件）-会生成一个普通的jar（由maven-jar-plugin生成，不带依赖）-会生成一个可执行jar（由spring-boot-maven-plugin生成，带有exec分类器，如KuCun2-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT-exec.jar）###运行：-运行可执行jar：`java-jarKuCun2-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT-exec.jar`-部署war到tomcat：将war包放入tomcat的webapps目录###重要提示：由于项目依赖非常复杂，可能存在大量版本冲突。建议逐步清理依赖，移除不必要的依赖和重复依赖，并统一版本管理（由SpringBoot父pom管理）。###如果打包后仍然找不到主类检查生成的MANIFEST.MF文件（在可执行jar中）：```bashjarxfKuCun2-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT-exec.jarMETA-INF/MANIFEST.MFcatMETA-INF/MANIFEST.MF```应该包含：```Main-Class:org.springframework.boot.loader.JarLauncherStart-Class:com.kucun.DemoApplication```###最后给出完整的pom.xml修改建议（由于原pom很长，只展示关键修改）：由于原pom.xml内容过长，我们只展示修改的部分。1.删除`<configuration>`标签（原来在项目顶层，不正确）2.在properties中删除`<org.springframework.version>`3.在dependencies中，将所有Spring相关的依赖（如spring-core,spring-context等）的版本号删除（由SpringBoot管理）4.合并spring-boot-starter-web依赖，只保留一个，并将所有排除项合并到一个依赖中。5.在build的plugins中按上述配置三个插件。注意：由于项目依赖复杂，修改后可能需要解决依赖冲突。§§相关问题§§:1.如何解决Maven构建过程中的依赖冲突？2.SpringBoot可执行JAR和普通的JAR有什么区别？3.如何在同一个Maven项目中构建多个不同格式的包（例如同时构建JAR和WAR）？4.如何为SpringBootWAR包配置外部Tomcat运行？</think>## 解决 Spring Boot 项目打包为 JAR 和 WAR 的问题您的 `pom.xml` 存在几个关键问题，导致打包为 JAR 和 WAR 时遇到问题。以下是完整的解决方案： ### 问题分析 1. **主类配置位置错误**：`<mainClass>` 配置应该在 `spring-boot-maven-plugin` 插件内 2. **依赖冲突**：多个重复依赖（如多个 `spring-boot-starter-web`）和版本冲突 3. **打包配置缺失**：缺少 `spring-boot-maven-plugin` 插件配置 4. **版本冲突**：混合使用 Spring Boot 2.3.12 和 Spring 3.0.5 ### 完整解决方案 #### 1. 修复后的 `pom.xml` ```xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.3.12.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> </parent> <groupId>KuCun2</groupId> <artifactId>KuCun2</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>war</packaging>  <name>KuCun2</name> <description/> <properties> <java.version>1.8</java.version> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target> </properties> <dependencies>  <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>  <exclusions> <exclusion> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId> </exclusion> <exclusion> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-datatype-jsr310</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>8.0.33</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId> <scope>provided</scope>  </dependency>  <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency>  <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-datatype-jsr310</artifactId> </dependency>  </dependencies> <build> <plugins>  <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> <configuration>  <mainClass>com.kucun.DemoApplication</mainClass> </configuration> <executions> <execution> <goals> <goal>repackage</goal>  </goals> </execution> </executions> </plugin>  <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <configuration> <source>${java.version}</source> <target>${java.version}</target> <parameters>true</parameters> </configuration> </plugin>  <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.3.2</version> <configuration> <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>  <packagingExcludes> WEB-INF/lib/tomcat-*.jar, WEB-INF/lib/spring-boot-starter-tomcat-*.jar </packagingExcludes> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project> ``` #### 2. 关键修改说明 1. **主类配置位置**： - 将 `<mainClass>` 移动到 `spring-boot-maven-plugin` 的配置中 - 这是 Spring Boot 插件识别主类的正确位置 2. **依赖清理**： - 移除所有重复的 `spring-boot-starter-web` 声明 - 删除所有显式的 Spring 3.x 依赖（与 Spring Boot 2.3 冲突） - 合并排除项到单个依赖声明中 3. **打包插件配置**： - `spring-boot-maven-plugin` 的 `repackage` 目标会生成可执行 JAR - `maven-war-plugin` 负责生成 WAR 文件 - 设置 Tomcat 依赖为 `provided` 范围（WAR 部署时由容器提供） #### 3. 打包命令 ```bash # 同时生成 JAR 和 WAR mvn clean package # 只生成可执行 JAR mvn clean package -DskipTests spring-boot:repackage # 只生成 WAR mvn clean package -DskipTests war:war ``` #### 4. 运行方式 **运行 JAR**： ```bash java -jar target/KuCun2-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar ``` **部署 WAR**： 1. 将 `target/KuCun2-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.war` 复制到 Tomcat 的 `webapps` 目录 2. Tomcat 会自动部署，访问 `http://localhost:8080/KuCun2-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT` ### 常见问题解决方案 **问题：打包后找不到主类** 解决：确保 `spring-boot-maven-plugin` 正确配置了 `<mainClass>` **问题：依赖冲突导致类加载错误** 解决：使用 Maven 依赖分析命令： ```bash mvn dependency:tree -Dverbose -Dincludes=org.springframework ``` **问题：WAR 部署到 Tomcat 失败** 解决： 1. 确保 `spring-boot-starter-tomcat` 设置为 `provided` 2. 创建 `SpringBootServletInitializer` 子类： ```java public class ServletInitializer extends SpringBootServletInitializer { @Override protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) { return application.sources(DemoApplication.class); } } ``` ### 最佳实践建议 1. **使用 Spring Boot 依赖管理**： - 避免手动指定 Spring 组件版本 - 让 `spring-boot-starter-parent` 管理版本 2. **简化依赖声明**： - 使用 starter 依赖简化配置 - 定期运行 `mvn dependency:analyze` 检查无用依赖 3. **分离配置**： - 使用 `application.properties` 管理环境相关配置 - 通过 `@Profile` 实现环境特定配置

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