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Django项目部署指南:创建Python包的工作坊

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知识点概述: Django-package-deployment-workshop是一个针对Django项目的部署和打包的实践工作坊。本工作坊主要面向希望将Django应用作为Python包进行打包和部署的开发者。在现代开发流程中,将应用打包成可复用和可分发的形式是非常常见且重要的。通过本工作坊,学员将学会如何将Django项目转换成Python包,以及如何将这些包部署到服务器上。 知识点详细说明: 1. Django项目结构:Django项目通常包含多个应用模块,每个模块又包含了视图(views)、模型(models)、模板(templates)和静态文件(static)。工作坊将引导学员理解Django项目的标准结构,并对其进行适当的组织以便打包。 2. 创建setup.py文件:在Python包中,setup.py文件是包的“配置文件”,它定义了包的元数据和依赖关系。工作坊将指导如何创建和配置setup.py文件,包括如何设置包的名称、版本、作者、依赖项等关键信息。 3. 分离依赖项:将Django项目转换为Python包的一部分工作是明确区分内部依赖和外部依赖。这要求学员能够正确管理项目需求,并且识别哪些是项目开发中真正需要的依赖。 4. 使用虚拟环境:Python虚拟环境是隔离项目依赖的理想工具。工作坊将介绍如何使用venv或virtualenv工具来创建隔离的环境,这对于确保项目依赖的一致性和避免环境冲突非常有用。 5. 打包流程:工作坊将详细讲解如何利用setuptools工具进行项目的打包,包括安装和配置setuptools库、编写setup.py脚本以及生成分发包。 6. 代码测试:在部署前确保代码质量至关重要。本工作坊将演示如何使用单元测试框架,如unittest或pytest,来自动化测试Django项目的代码,以保证打包的应用符合预期功能。 7. 部署策略:将Django项目部署为Python包的最终目标是将其部署到生产环境中。工作坊将涉及多种部署策略,例如使用Ansible、Fabric或直接通过包管理工具进行部署。 8. 持续集成与持续部署(CI/CD):自动化部署是现代软件开发中不可或缺的环节。工作坊可能会介绍如何结合CI/CD工具(如Jenkins、GitHub Actions或GitLab CI)来自动化测试、打包和部署流程。 9. 安全性:部署过程中安全是不可忽视的方面。学员将学习如何确保部署过程中的代码安全,例如使用HTTPS、配置防火墙和应用安全补丁等。 10. 性能优化:在部署过程中,通常需要对Django应用进行性能优化,这可能包括数据库优化、应用缓存配置、静态文件管理等。 11. 日志管理:在生产环境中,有效地记录和管理日志是必不可少的。工作坊将涵盖如何设置日志系统来监控应用的运行状态和性能指标。 12. 错误追踪与监控:部署后的应用需要能够及时发现和响应错误。因此,了解如何集成错误追踪系统(如Sentry)和监控工具(如New Relic或Grafana)对于维护应用稳定运行同样重要。 通过本工作坊的学习,学员将掌握一系列技能,从了解如何将Django项目作为Python包进行打包,到如何在服务器上进行高效的部署和监控。这些知识对于任何希望将Django项目提升到生产级别并实现持续交付的开发者来说都是非常实用的。

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Watching for file changes with StatReloader Performing system checks... Exception in thread django-main-thread: Traceback (most recent call last): File "D:\python\Lib\threading.py", line 1041, in _bootstrap_inner self.run() ~~~~~~~~^^ File "D:\python\Lib\threading.py", line 992, in run self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs) ~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "D:\python\Lib\site-packages\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 64, in wrapper fn(*args, **kwargs) ~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "D:\python\Lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\runserver.py", line 134, in inner_run self.check(display_num_errors=True) ~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "D:\python\Lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 486, in check all_issues = checks.run_checks( app_configs=app_configs, ...<2 lines>... databases=databases, ) File "D:\python\Lib\site-packages\django\core\checks\registry.py", line 88, in run_checks new_errors = check(app_configs=app_configs, databases=databases) File "D:\python\Lib\site-packages\django\core\checks\urls.py", line 44, in check_url_namespaces_unique all_namespaces = _load_all_namespaces(resolver) File "D:\python\Lib\site-packages\django\core\checks\urls.py", line 63, in _load_all_namespaces url_patterns = getattr(resolver, "url_patterns", []) File "D:\python\Lib\site-packages\django\utils\functional.py", line 47, in __get__ res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance) ~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^ File "D:\python\Lib\site-packages\django\urls\resolvers.py", line 718, in url_patterns patterns = getattr(self.urlconf_module, "urlpatterns", self.urlconf_module) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "D:\python\Lib\site-packages\django\utils\functional.py", line 47, in __get__ res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance) ~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^ File "D:\python\Lib\site-packages\django\urls\resolvers.py", line 711, in urlconf_module return import_module(self.urlconf_name) File "D:\python\Lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 88, in import_module return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1387, in _gcd_import File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1360, in _find_and_load File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1331, in _find_and_load_unlocked File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 935, in _load_unlocked File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 1022, in exec_module File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 488, in _call_with_frames_removed File "E:\大学\计算机\python_study\项目\FaceRec\FaceRec\urls.py", line 19, in <module> import app.views File "E:\大学\计算机\python_study\项目\FaceRec\app\views.py", line 34, in <module> import fastdeploy as fd File "D:\python\Lib\site-packages\fastdeploy\__init__.py", line 1, in <module> from . import __main__ File "D:\python\Lib\site-packages\fastdeploy\__main__.py", line 1, in <module> import resource ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'resource'

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D:\python\python.exe E:\大学\计算机\python_study\项目\FaceRec\manage.py runserver localhost:8000 Watching for file changes with StatReloader Performing system checks... Exception in thread django-main-thread: Traceback (most recent call last): File "D:\python\Lib\threading.py", line 1041, in _bootstrap_inner self.run() ~~~~~~~~^^ File "D:\python\Lib\threading.py", line 992, in run self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs) ~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "D:\python\Lib\site-packages\django\utils\autoreload.py", line 64, in wrapper fn(*args, **kwargs) ~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "D:\python\Lib\site-packages\django\core\management\commands\runserver.py", line 134, in inner_run self.check(display_num_errors=True) ~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "D:\python\Lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 486, in check all_issues = checks.run_checks( app_configs=app_configs, ...<2 lines>... databases=databases, ) File "D:\python\Lib\site-packages\django\core\checks\registry.py", line 88, in run_checks new_errors = check(app_configs=app_configs, databases=databases) File "D:\python\Lib\site-packages\django\core\checks\urls.py", line 136, in check_custom_error_handlers handler = resolver.resolve_error_handler(status_code) File "D:\python\Lib\site-packages\django\urls\resolvers.py", line 732, in resolve_error_handler callback = getattr(self.urlconf_module, "handler%s" % view_type, None) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "D:\python\Lib\site-packages\django\utils\functional.py", line 47, in __get__ res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance) ~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^ File "D:\python\Lib\site-packages\django\urls\resolvers.py", line 711, in urlconf_module return import_module(self.urlconf_name) File "D:\python\Lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 88, in import_module return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1387, in _gcd_import File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1360, in _find_and_load File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1331, in _find_and_load_unlocked File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 935, in _load_unlocked File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 1022, in exec_module File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 488, in _call_with_frames_removed File "E:\大学\计算机\python_study\项目\FaceRec\FaceRec\urls.py", line 19, in <module> import app.views File "E:\大学\计算机\python_study\项目\FaceRec\app\views.py", line 35, in <module> option = fd.RuntimeOption() ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ AttributeError: module 'fastdeploy' has no attribute 'RuntimeOption'

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Quit the server with CTRL-BREAK. WARNING: This is a development server. Do not use it in a production setting. Use a production WSGI or ASGI server instead. For more information on production servers see: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.2/howto/deployment/ [06/Jun/2025 11:17:48] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 20945 Traceback (most recent call last): File "E:\pycharm\One\music_tl\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\exception.py", line 55, in inner response = get_response(request) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "E:\pycharm\One\music_tl\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\base.py", line 181, in _get_response callback, callback_args, callback_kwargs = self.resolve_request(request) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "E:\pycharm\One\music_tl\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\base.py", line 313, in resolve_request resolver_match = resolver.resolve(request.path_info) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "E:\pycharm\One\music_tl\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\urls\resolvers.py", line 705, in resolve raise Resolver404({"tried": tried, "path": new_path}) django.urls.exceptions.Resolver404: {'tried': [[<URLResolver <URLPattern list> (admin:admin) 'admin/'>], [<URLResolver <module 'comment.urls' fro m 'E:\\pycharm\\One\\music_tl\\comment\\urls.py'> (None:None) 'comment/'>], [<URLResolver <module 'index.urls' from 'E:\\pycharm\\One\\music_tl\\ index\\urls.py'> (None:None) ''>, <URLPattern ''>], [<URLResolver <module 'play.urls' from 'E:\\pycharm\\One\\music_tl\\play\\urls.py'> (None:Non e) 'play/'>], [<URLResolver <module 'ranking.urls' from 'E:\\pycharm\\One\\music_tl\\ranking\\urls.py'> (None:None) 'ranking/'>], [<URLResolver < module 'search.urls' from 'E:\\pycharm\\One\\music_tl\\search\\urls.py'> (None:None) 'search/'>], [<URLResolver <module 'user.urls' from 'E:\\pycharm\\One\\music_tl\\user\\urls.py'> (None:None) 'user/'>], [<URLPattern '^static/(?P<path>.*)$' [name='static']>]], 'path': 'admin'} During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred: Traceback (most recent call last): File "E:\pycharm\One\music_tl\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\template\defaulttags.py", line 1035, in find_library return parser.libraries[name] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^ KeyError: 'staticfiles' During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred: Traceback (most recent call last): File "E:\pycharm\One\music_tl\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\exception.py", line 164, in get_exception_response response = callback(request, exception=exception) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "E:\pycharm\One\music_tl\index\views.py", line 28, in page_not_found return render(request, 'error404.html', status=404) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "E:\pycharm\One\music_tl\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\shortcuts.py", line 25, in render content = loader.render_to_string(template_name, context, request, using=using) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "E:\pycharm\One\music_tl\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\template\loader.py", line 61, in render_to_string template = get_template(template_name, using=using) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "E:\pycharm\One\music_tl\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\template\loader.py", line 15, in get_template return engine.get_template(template_name) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "E:\pycharm\One\music_tl\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\template\backends\django.py", line 79, in get_template return Template(self.engine.get_template(template_name), self) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "E:\pycharm\One\music_tl\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\template\engine.py", line 177, in get_template template, origin = self.find_template(template_name) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "E:\pycharm\One\music_tl\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\template\engine.py", line 159, in find_template template = loader.get_template(name, skip=skip) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "E:\pycharm\One\music_tl\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\template\loaders\cached.py", line 57, in get_template template = super().get_template(template_name, skip) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "E:\pycharm\One\music_tl\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\template\loaders\base.py", line 28, in get_template return Template( ^^^^^^^^^ File "E:\pycharm\One\music_tl\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py", line 154, in __init__ self.nodelist = self.compile_nodelist() ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "E:\pycharm\One\music_tl\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py", line 196, in compile_nodelist nodelist = parser.parse() ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "E:\pycharm\One\music_tl\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py", line 518, in parse raise self.error(token, e) File "E:\pycharm\One\music_tl\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\template\base.py", line 516, in parse compiled_result = compile_func(self, token) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "E:\pycharm\One\music_tl\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\template\defaulttags.py", line 1097, in load lib = find_library(parser, name) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "E:\pycharm\One\music_tl\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\template\defaulttags.py", line 1037, in find_library raise TemplateSyntaxError( django.template.exceptions.TemplateSyntaxError: 'staticfiles' is not a registered tag library. Must be one of:

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C:\Users\ASUS\myproject\myapp\.venv\Scripts\python.exe K:\专业\py\PycharmProjects\mysite\manage.py runserver 8000 Performing system checks... Watching for file changes with StatReloader System check identified some issues: WARNINGS: ?: (staticfiles.W004) The directory 'K:\专业\py\PycharmProjects\mysite\static' in the STATICFILES_DIRS setting does not exist. System check identified 1 issue (0 silenced). May 24, 2025 - 17:08:15 Django version 5.2.1, using settings 'mysite.settings' Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/ Quit the server with CTRL-BREAK. WARNING: This is a development server. Do not use it in a production setting. Use a production WSGI or ASGI server instead. For more information on production servers see: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/5.2/howto/deployment/ Not Found: / [24/May/2025 17:08:18] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 404 2306 Not Found: /img/new_ico.0750a9ab.png Not Found: /img/ico.png [24/May/2025 17:08:18] "GET /img/new_ico.0750a9ab.png HTTP/1.1" 404 2396 [24/May/2025 17:08:18] "GET /img/ico.png HTTP/1.1" 404 2357 [24/May/2025 17:09:18] "GET /polls/1/vote HTTP/1.1" 301 0 Internal Server Error: /polls/1/vote/ Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Users\ASUS\myproject\myapp\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\utils\datastructures.py", line 84, in __getitem__ list_ = super().__getitem__(key) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ KeyError: 'choice' During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred: Traceback (most recent call last): File "K:\专业\py\PycharmProjects\mysite\polls\views.py", line 41, in vote selected_choice = question.choice_set.get(pk=request.POST['choice']) ~~~~~~~~~~~~^^^^^^^^^^ File "C:\Users\ASUS\myproject\myapp\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\utils\datastructures.py", line 86, in __getitem__ raise MultiValueDictKeyError(key) django.utils.datastructures.MultiValueDictKeyError: 'choice' During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred: Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Users\ASUS\myproject\myapp\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\exception.py", line 55, in inner response = get_response(request) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "C:\Users\ASUS\myproject\myapp\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\base.py", line 197, in _get_response response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "K:\专业\py\PycharmProjects\mysite\polls\views.py", line 44, in vote return render(request, "polls / detail.html", { ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "C:\Users\ASUS\myproject\myapp\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\shortcuts.py", line 25, in render content = loader.render_to_string(template_name, context, request, using=using) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "C:\Users\ASUS\myproject\myapp\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\template\loader.py", line 61, in render_to_string template = get_template(template_name, using=using) ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ File "C:\Users\ASUS\myproject\myapp\.venv\Lib\site-packages\django\template\loader.py", line 19, in get_template raise TemplateDoesNotExist(template_name, chain=chain) django.template.exceptions.TemplateDoesNotExist: polls / detail.html [24/May/2025 17:09:18] "GET /polls/1/vote/ HTTP/1.1" 500 99573 Not Found: /img/new_ico.0750a9ab.png [24/May/2025 17:09:18] "GET /img/new_ico.0750a9ab.png HTTP/1.1" 404 2396 Not Found: /polls/1/vote/img/ico.png [24/May/2025 17:09:18] "GET /polls/1/vote/img/ico.png HTTP/1.1" 404 3328

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