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gtest-1.5.0库文件编译与使用教程

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根据给定的文件信息,以下是关于标题“gtest-1.5.0.zip”和描述中的知识点的详细说明: ### GTest 简介 标题中的“gtest-1.5.0.zip”指的是 Google Test Framework(gtest)版本1.5.0的源代码压缩包。Google Test 是一个C++编写的单元测试框架,专门用于编写和执行测试用例,它与C++标准库中的一些测试工具相比,功能更加强大和灵活。gtest 被广泛用于测试C++应用程序中的各种功能和模块。 ### GTest 版本 描述中提及的版本号“1.5.0”代表了此版本的gtest的特定状态。版本号通常由主版本号、次版本号和修订号组成,它们分别对应于软件的重大更新、功能改进和错误修复等。 ### GTest 的编译和使用 描述里提到,在将gtest-1.5.0.zip文件编译之后,在特定的编译环境(本例中是msvc,即Microsoft Visual C++编译器)的Debug或Release目录下,会看到编译生成的gtestd.lib(Debug版本的库)和gtest.lib(Release版本的库)文件。这说明编译gtest将生成对应的静态库文件,供开发者在测试自己的项目时链接使用。 ### GTest 与 Visual Studio 在使用Visual Studio这样的集成开发环境(IDE)时,gtest 必须被正确地编译和配置才能在项目中使用。通常这需要: 1. 解压“gtest-1.5.0.zip”文件到合适的目录。 2. 打开Visual Studio,配置项目以便能够找到gtest的源代码。 3. 设置项目属性,包括包含目录(header files)、库目录(lib files)和链接器设置等,以便能够编译gtest并生成相应的库文件。 4. 编译gtest项目,构建出适合当前平台(32位或64位)的库文件。 ### GTest 的特点 - **跨平台**:gtest 支持多个操作系统平台,包括Windows、Linux、Mac OS X等。 - **多语言支持**:虽然gtest 主要是用C++编写的,但它也可以用来测试其他使用C接口的代码。 - **丰富的断言**:gtest 提供了一系列的断言宏,例如`ASSERT_TRUE`、`ASSERT_EQ`、`FAIL()`等,这些宏可以让测试代码更简洁、更易于维护。 - **测试夹具(Test Fixtures)**:gtest 支持测试夹具的概念,允许在一系列测试用例之前和之后进行共同的设置和清理操作。 - **参数化测试**:gtest 允许开发者编写测试用例的参数化版本,即一个测试用例可以使用不同的输入数据进行多次测试。 - **事件监听器**:gtest 还提供了一个扩展点,允许用户插入自定义的事件监听器来增强测试框架或收集测试运行数据。 ### GTest 应用场景 gtest 通常用于以下场景: - 单元测试:对单个类或函数进行测试。 - 集成测试:测试多个类或组件之间的交互。 - 系统测试:在更接近真实环境的设置中测试整个应用程序。 ### GTest 的不足 尽管gtest 是一个强大的测试框架,但它也有其局限性,例如: - 代码生成:gtest 依赖于宏和模板元编程,这可能导致一些人认为其API难以理解,尤其是对于初学者。 - 资源管理:虽然gtest 有针对资源管理的机制,但正确使用资源(例如文件句柄、网络连接等)仍然是编写良好测试的一个挑战。 - 性能开销:使用gtest 的断言和测试夹具可能会带来一些性能开销。 ### GTest 的未来展望 gtest 作为开源项目,持续在社区的推动下更新和改进。它为C++开发者提供了一种有效、可靠的方式来保证代码的质量。未来gtest 可能会吸收更多新的测试理念,例如行为驱动开发(BDD)的支持,以及更加广泛的集成测试框架支持。 ### 结语 在本节文件信息中,“gtest-1.5.0.zip”这一标题以及描述中的内容,共同指向了一个已经发布的、稳定的、用于C++项目的单元测试框架。对于需要在Visual Studio环境中进行C++项目测试的开发人员来说,使用gtest 可以带来更高效的测试和更高的代码质量保证。然而,开发者也需要留意gtest 的学习曲线以及在设计测试时所涉及的复杂性。

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[ 60%] Built target ydlidar_sdk [ 68%] Built target etlidar_test [ 76%] Built target tof_test [ 84%] Built target ydlidar_test [ 92%] Built target lidar_c_api_test [ 96%] Building CXX object test/CMakeFiles/lidar_test.dir/lidar_test.cpp.o In file included from /usr/include/gtest/gtest-message.h:57, from /usr/include/gtest/gtest-assertion-result.h:46, from /usr/include/gtest/gtest.h:64, from /home/a/ROS2教程/源码/YDLidar-SDK-master/test/lidar_test.h:4, from /home/a/ROS2教程/源码/YDLidar-SDK-master/test/lidar_test.cpp:1: /usr/include/gtest/internal/gtest-port.h:279:2: error: #error C++ versions less than C++14 are not supported. 279 | #error C++ versions less than C++14 are not supported. | ^~~~~ /usr/include/gtest/gtest-assertion-result.h: In member function ‘void testing::AssertionResult::AppendMessage(const testing::Message&)’: /usr/include/gtest/gtest-assertion-result.h:207:48: error: ‘make_unique’ is not a member of ‘std’ 207 | if (message_ == nullptr) message_ = ::std::make_unique<::std::string>(); | ^~~~~~~~~~~ /usr/include/gtest/gtest-assertion-result.h:207:48: note: ‘std::make_unique’ is only available from C++14 onwards /usr/include/gtest/gtest-assertion-result.h:207:73: error: expected primary-expression before ‘>’ token 207 | f (message_ == nullptr) message_ = ::std::make_unique<::std::string>(); | ^ /usr/include/gtest/gtest-assertion-result.h:207:75: error: expected primary-expression before ‘)’ token 207 | f (message_ == nullptr) message_ = ::std::make_unique<::std::string>(); | ^ In file included from /usr/include/gtest/gtest-printers.h:122, from /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h:49, from /usr/include/gtest/internal/gtest-death-test-internal.h:47, from /usr/include/gtest/gtest-death-test.h:43, from /usr/include/gtest/gtest.h:65: /usr/include/gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h: At global scope: /usr/include/gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h:622:58: error: wrong number of template arguments (0, should be 1) 622 | typedef ::std::map<std::string, CodeLocation, std::less<>> RegisteredTestsMap; | ^ In file included from /usr/include/c++/13/string:49, from /usr/include/c++/13/bits/locale_classes.h:40, from /usr/include/c++/13/bits/ios_base.h:41, from /usr/include/c++/13/iomanip:42, from /usr/include/gtest/gtest.h:54: /usr/include/c++/13/bits/stl_function.h:403:12: note: provided for ‘template<class _Tp> struct std::less’ 403 | struct less : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, bool> | ^~~~ /usr/include/gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h:622:59: error: template argument 3 is invalid 622 | typedef ::std::map<std::string, CodeLocation, std::less<>> RegisteredTestsMap; | ^~ /usr/include/gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h: In member function ‘bool testing::internal::TypedTestSuitePState::AddTestName(const char*, int, const char*, const char*)’: /usr/include/gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h:599:23: error: request for member ‘insert’ in ‘((testing::internal::TypedTestSuitePState*)this)->testing::internal::TypedTestSuitePState::registered_tests_’, which is of non-class type ‘testing::internal::TypedTestSuitePState::RegisteredTestsMap’ {aka ‘int’} 599 | registered_tests_.insert( | ^~~~~~ /usr/include/gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h: In member function ‘bool testing::internal::TypedTestSuitePState::TestExists(const std::string&) const’: /usr/include/gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h:605:30: error: request for member ‘count’ in ‘((const testing::internal::TypedTestSuitePState*)this)->testing::internal::TypedTestSuitePState::registered_tests_’, which is of non-class type ‘const testing::internal::TypedTestSuitePState::RegisteredTestsMap’ {aka ‘const int’} 605 | return registered_tests_.count(test_name) > 0; | ^~~~~ /usr/include/gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h: In member function ‘const testing::internal::CodeLocation& testing::internal::TypedTestSuitePState::GetCodeLocation(const std::string&) const’: /usr/include/gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h:609:40: error: qualified-id in declaration before ‘it’ 609 | RegisteredTestsMap::const_iterator it = registered_tests_.find(test_name); | ^~ /usr/include/gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h:610:5: error: ‘it’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘int’? 610 | GTEST_CHECK_(it != registered_tests_.end()); | ^~~~~~~~~~~~ /usr/include/gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h:610:5: error: request for member ‘end’ in ‘((const testing::internal::TypedTestSuitePState*)this)->testing::internal::TypedTestSuitePState::registered_tests_’, which is of non-class type ‘const testing::internal::TypedTestSuitePState::RegisteredTestsMap’ {aka ‘const int’} 610 | GTEST_CHECK_(it != registered_tests_.end()); | ^~~~~~~~~~~~ /usr/include/gtest/internal/gtest-internal.h:611:12: error: ‘it’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘int’? 611 | return it->second; | ^~ | int /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h: At global scope: /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h:725:75: error: wrong number of template arguments (0, should be 1) 725 | Matcher : public ComparisonBase<EqMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, std::equal_to<>> { | ^ /usr/include/c++/13/bits/stl_function.h:373:12: note: provided for ‘template<class _Tp> struct std::equal_to’ 373 | struct equal_to : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, bool> | ^~~~~~~~ /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h:725:76: error: template argument 3 is invalid 725 | Matcher : public ComparisonBase<EqMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, std::equal_to<>> { | ^~ /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h: In constructor ‘testing::internal::EqMatcher<Rhs>::EqMatcher(const Rhs&)’: /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h:728:58: error: wrong number of template arguments (0, should be 1) 728 | : ComparisonBase<EqMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, std::equal_to<>>(rhs) {} | ^ /usr/include/c++/13/bits/stl_function.h:373:12: note: provided for ‘template<class _Tp> struct std::equal_to’ 373 | struct equal_to : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, bool> | ^~~~~~~~ /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h:728:59: error: template argument 3 is invalid 728 | : ComparisonBase<EqMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, std::equal_to<>>(rhs) {} | ^~ /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h:728:61: error: expected ‘{’ before ‘(’ token 728 | : ComparisonBase<EqMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, std::equal_to<>>(rhs) {} | ^ /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h: At global scope: /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h:734:67: error: wrong number of template arguments (0, should be 1) 734 | : public ComparisonBase<NeMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, std::not_equal_to<>> { | ^ /usr/include/c++/13/bits/stl_function.h:383:12: note: provided for ‘template<class _Tp> struct std::not_equal_to’ 383 | struct not_equal_to : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, bool> | ^~~~~~~~~~~~ /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h:734:68: error: template argument 3 is invalid 734 | : public ComparisonBase<NeMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, std::not_equal_to<>> { | ^~ /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h: In constructor ‘testing::internal::NeMatcher<Rhs>::NeMatcher(const Rhs&)’: /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h:737:62: error: wrong number of template arguments (0, should be 1) 737 | : ComparisonBase<NeMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, std::not_equal_to<>>(rhs) {} | ^ /usr/include/c++/13/bits/stl_function.h:383:12: note: provided for ‘template<class _Tp> struct std::not_equal_to’ 383 | struct not_equal_to : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, bool> | ^~~~~~~~~~~~ /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h:737:63: error: template argument 3 is invalid 737 | : ComparisonBase<NeMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, std::not_equal_to<>>(rhs) {} | ^~ /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h:737:65: error: expected ‘{’ before ‘(’ token 737 | : ComparisonBase<NeMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, std::not_equal_to<>>(rhs) {} | ^ /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h: At global scope: /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h:742:71: error: wrong number of template arguments (0, should be 1) 742 | s LtMatcher : public ComparisonBase<LtMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, std::less<>> { | ^ /usr/include/c++/13/bits/stl_function.h:403:12: note: provided for ‘template<class _Tp> struct std::less’ 403 | struct less : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, bool> | ^~~~ /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h:742:72: error: template argument 3 is invalid 742 | s LtMatcher : public ComparisonBase<LtMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, std::less<>> { | ^~ /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h: In constructor ‘testing::internal::LtMatcher<Rhs>::LtMatcher(const Rhs&)’: /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h:745:54: error: wrong number of template arguments (0, should be 1) 745 | : ComparisonBase<LtMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, std::less<>>(rhs) {} | ^ /usr/include/c++/13/bits/stl_function.h:403:12: note: provided for ‘template<class _Tp> struct std::less’ 403 | struct less : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, bool> | ^~~~ /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h:745:55: error: template argument 3 is invalid 745 | : ComparisonBase<LtMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, std::less<>>(rhs) {} | ^~ /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h:745:57: error: expected ‘{’ before ‘(’ token 745 | : ComparisonBase<LtMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, std::less<>>(rhs) {} | ^ /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h: At global scope: /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h:750:74: error: wrong number of template arguments (0, should be 1) 750 | tMatcher : public ComparisonBase<GtMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, std::greater<>> { | ^ /usr/include/c++/13/bits/stl_function.h:393:12: note: provided for ‘template<class _Tp> struct std::greater’ 393 | struct greater : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, bool> | ^~~~~~~ /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h:750:75: error: template argument 3 is invalid 750 | tMatcher : public ComparisonBase<GtMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, std::greater<>> { | ^~ /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h: In constructor ‘testing::internal::GtMatcher<Rhs>::GtMatcher(const Rhs&)’: /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h:753:57: error: wrong number of template arguments (0, should be 1) 753 | : ComparisonBase<GtMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, std::greater<>>(rhs) {} | ^ /usr/include/c++/13/bits/stl_function.h:393:12: note: provided for ‘template<class _Tp> struct std::greater’ 393 | struct greater : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, bool> | ^~~~~~~ /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h:753:58: error: template argument 3 is invalid 753 | : ComparisonBase<GtMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, std::greater<>>(rhs) {} | ^~ /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h:753:60: error: expected ‘{’ before ‘(’ token 753 | : ComparisonBase<GtMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, std::greater<>>(rhs) {} | ^ /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h: At global scope: /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h:759:65: error: wrong number of template arguments (0, should be 1) 759 | : public ComparisonBase<LeMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, std::less_equal<>> { | ^ /usr/include/c++/13/bits/stl_function.h:423:12: note: provided for ‘template<class _Tp> struct std::less_equal’ 423 | struct less_equal : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, bool> | ^~~~~~~~~~ /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h:759:66: error: template argument 3 is invalid 759 | : public ComparisonBase<LeMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, std::less_equal<>> { | ^~ /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h: In constructor ‘testing::internal::LeMatcher<Rhs>::LeMatcher(const Rhs&)’: /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h:762:60: error: wrong number of template arguments (0, should be 1) 762 | : ComparisonBase<LeMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, std::less_equal<>>(rhs) {} | ^ /usr/include/c++/13/bits/stl_function.h:423:12: note: provided for ‘template<class _Tp> struct std::less_equal’ 423 | struct less_equal : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, bool> | ^~~~~~~~~~ /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h:762:61: error: template argument 3 is invalid 762 | : ComparisonBase<LeMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, std::less_equal<>>(rhs) {} | ^~ /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h:762:63: error: expected ‘{’ before ‘(’ token 762 | : ComparisonBase<LeMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, std::less_equal<>>(rhs) {} | ^ /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h: At global scope: /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h:768:68: error: wrong number of template arguments (0, should be 1) 768 | : public ComparisonBase<GeMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, std::greater_equal<>> { | ^ /usr/include/c++/13/bits/stl_function.h:413:12: note: provided for ‘template<class _Tp> struct std::greater_equal’ 413 | struct greater_equal : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, bool> | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~ /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h:768:69: error: template argument 3 is invalid 768 | : public ComparisonBase<GeMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, std::greater_equal<>> { | ^~ /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h: In constructor ‘testing::internal::GeMatcher<Rhs>::GeMatcher(const Rhs&)’: /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h:771:63: error: wrong number of template arguments (0, should be 1) 771 | : ComparisonBase<GeMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, std::greater_equal<>>(rhs) {} | ^ /usr/include/c++/13/bits/stl_function.h:413:12: note: provided for ‘template<class _Tp> struct std::greater_equal’ 413 | struct greater_equal : public binary_function<_Tp, _Tp, bool> | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~ /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h:771:64: error: template argument 3 is invalid 771 | : ComparisonBase<GeMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, std::greater_equal<>>(rhs) {} | ^~ /usr/include/gtest/gtest-matchers.h:771:66: error: expected ‘{’ before ‘(’ token 771 | : ComparisonBase<GeMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, std::greater_equal<>>(rhs) {} | ^ /usr/include/gtest/gtest.h: At global scope: /usr/include/gtest/gtest.h:302:30: error: ‘std::enable_if_t’ has not been declared 302 | template <typename T, std::enable_if_t<std::is_convertible<T, int64_t>::value, | ^~~~~~~~~~~ /usr/include/gtest/gtest.h:302:41: error: expected ‘>’ before ‘<’ token 302 | template <typename T, std::enable_if_t<std::is_convertible<T, int64_t>::value, | ^ make[2]: *** [test/CMakeFiles/lidar_test.dir/build.make:76:test/CMakeFiles/lidar_test.dir/lidar_test.cpp.o] 错误 1 make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/Makefile2:449:test/CMakeFiles/lidar_test.dir/all] 错误 2 make: *** [Makefile:166:all] 错误 2

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不美的阿美
2025.07.01
该压缩包包含了适用于msvc环境的gtest 1.5.0版本,方便进行单元测试开发。
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WaiyuetFung
2025.05.18
gtest-1.5.0.zip包内含关键的库文件gtestd.lib和gtest.lib,支持Debug和Release构建。
ravinest
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