Economic Indicators for Southeast Asia and the Pacific: Input–Output Tables

ECONOMIC INDICATORS FOR SOUTHEAST ASIA AND THE PACIFIC

INPUT–OUTPUT TABLES

DECEMBER 2020

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Publication Stock No. TCS200242-2

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/TCS200242-2

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CONTENTS

TABLES AND FIGURES

FOREWORD

In the 1990s and early 2000s, trade was defined by global value chains. Automation and developments in transport, information, and communications technologies enabled firms to fragment their production processes across the globe to gain efficiencies from a broadened economic network. Participation in value chains became a more viable path toward economic and social transformation, especially for developing economies. Trade in tasks and inputs became as important as traditional trade in finished goods, and its measurement was seen as crucial in assessing economic performance and shaping policies.

Following more than a decade of generally unfettered growth, a series of economic crises and downturns created new challenges for the increasingly interconnected and interdependent economies. More recently, international trade tensions have disrupted production in major regional hubs, while the coronavirus disease pandemic continues to adversely impact consumption patterns, production, and supply and distribution chains in every economy. In a short period of time, the question has quickly shifted from How can we participate in global value chains? to How can we ensure a stable and resilient global economy, given increasing global value chain participation?

Answering the latter question heightens the demand for better and more timely statistics on the interrelationships between economies. Monitoring economic activities is not only essential for keeping track of development objectives, but also for safeguarding the beneficial outcomes from decades of solid economic growth. Managing risks entails compiling relevant statistics that reveal production and trade patterns at the economy, bilateral, regional, and global levels.

Since 2014, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) has been compiling and updating the Multi-Regional Input–Output Tables (MRIOTs) database. The comprehensive summaries of transactions across industries and final users in several economies have enabled