Deque offer() method in Java
Last Updated :
21 Sep, 2018
The
offer(E e) method of
Deque Interface inserts the specified element into this Deque if it is possible to do so immediately without violating capacity restrictions. This method is preferable to
add() method since this method does not throws an exception when the capacity of the container is full since it returns false.
Syntax:
boolean offer(E e)
Parameters: This method accepts a mandatory parameter
e which is the element to be inserted in the Deque.
Returns: This method returns true on successful insertion else it returns false.
Exceptions: The function throws four exceptions which are described as below:
- ClassCastException: when the class of the element to be entered prevents it from being added to this container.
- IllegalArgumentException: when some property of the element prevents it to be added to the Deque.
- NullPointerException: when the element to be inserted is passed as null and the Deque's interface does not allow null elements.
Below programs illustrate offer() method of Deque:
Program 1: With the help of
LinkedList.
Java
// Java Program Demonstrate offer()
// method of Deque when Null is passed
import java.util.*;
public class GFG {
public static void main(String[] args)
throws IllegalStateException
{
// create object of Deque
Deque<Integer> DQ
= new LinkedList<Integer>();
if (DQ.offer(10))
System.out.println("The Deque is not full and 10 is inserted");
else
System.out.println("The Deque is full");
if (DQ.offer(15))
System.out.println("The Deque is not full and 15 is inserted");
else
System.out.println("The Deque is full");
if (DQ.offer(25))
System.out.println("The Deque is not full and 25 is inserted");
else
System.out.println("The Deque is full");
if (DQ.offer(20))
System.out.println("The Deque is not full and 20 is inserted");
else
System.out.println("The Deque is full");
// before removing print Deque
System.out.println("Deque: " + DQ);
}
}
Output:
The Deque is not full and 10 is inserted
The Deque is not full and 15 is inserted
The Deque is not full and 25 is inserted
The Deque is not full and 20 is inserted
Deque: [10, 15, 25, 20]
Program 2: With the help of
ArrayDeque.
Java
// Java Program Demonstrate offer()
// method of Deque when Null is passed
import java.util.*;
public class GFG {
public static void main(String[] args)
throws IllegalStateException
{
// create object of Deque
Deque<Integer> DQ
= new ArrayDeque<Integer>();
if (DQ.offer(10))
System.out.println("The Deque is not full and 10 is inserted");
else
System.out.println("The Deque is full");
if (DQ.offer(15))
System.out.println("The Deque is not full and 15 is inserted");
else
System.out.println("The Deque is full");
if (DQ.offer(25))
System.out.println("The Deque is not full and 25 is inserted");
else
System.out.println("The Deque is full");
if (DQ.offer(20))
System.out.println("The Deque is not full and 20 is inserted");
else
System.out.println("The Deque is full");
// before removing print Deque
System.out.println("Deque: " + DQ);
}
}
Output:
The Deque is not full and 10 is inserted
The Deque is not full and 15 is inserted
The Deque is not full and 25 is inserted
The Deque is not full and 20 is inserted
Deque: [10, 15, 25, 20]
Program 3: With the help of
ConcurrentLinkedDeque.
Java
// Java Program Demonstrate offer()
// method of Deque when Null is passed
import java.util.*;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedDeque;
public class GFG {
public static void main(String[] args)
throws IllegalStateException
{
// create object of Deque
Deque<Integer> DQ
= new ConcurrentLinkedDeque<Integer>();
if (DQ.offer(10))
System.out.println("The Deque is not full and 10 is inserted");
else
System.out.println("The Deque is full");
if (DQ.offer(15))
System.out.println("The Deque is not full and 15 is inserted");
else
System.out.println("The Deque is full");
if (DQ.offer(25))
System.out.println("The Deque is not full and 25 is inserted");
else
System.out.println("The Deque is full");
if (DQ.offer(20))
System.out.println("The Deque is not full and 20 is inserted");
else
System.out.println("The Deque is full");
// before removing print Deque
System.out.println("Deque: " + DQ);
}
}
Output:
The Deque is not full and 10 is inserted
The Deque is not full and 15 is inserted
The Deque is not full and 25 is inserted
The Deque is not full and 20 is inserted
Deque: [10, 15, 25, 20]
Program 4: With the help of
LinkedBlockingDeque.
Java
// Java Program Demonstrate offer()
// method of Deque when Null is passed
import java.util.*;
import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingDeque;
public class GFG {
public static void main(String[] args)
throws IllegalStateException
{
// create object of Deque
Deque<Integer> DQ
= new LinkedBlockingDeque<Integer>();
if (DQ.offer(10))
System.out.println("The Deque is not full and 10 is inserted");
else
System.out.println("The Deque is full");
if (DQ.offer(15))
System.out.println("The Deque is not full and 15 is inserted");
else
System.out.println("The Deque is full");
if (DQ.offer(25))
System.out.println("The Deque is not full and 25 is inserted");
else
System.out.println("The Deque is full");
if (DQ.offer(20))
System.out.println("The Deque is not full and 20 is inserted");
else
System.out.println("The Deque is full");
// before removing print Deque
System.out.println("Deque: " + DQ);
}
}
Output:
The Deque is not full and 10 is inserted
The Deque is not full and 15 is inserted
The Deque is not full and 25 is inserted
The Deque is not full and 20 is inserted
Deque: [10, 15, 25, 20]
Below programs illustrate
exceptions thrown by this method:
Program 5: To show
NullPointerException.
Java
// Java Program Demonstrate offer()
// method of Queue when Null is passed
import java.util.*;
import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingDeque;
public class GFG {
public static void main(String[] args)
throws NullPointerException
{
// create object of Queue
Deque<Integer> DQ
= new LinkedBlockingDeque<Integer>();
// Add numbers to end of Deque
DQ.offer(7855642);
DQ.offer(35658786);
DQ.offer(5278367);
// when null is inserted
DQ.offer(null);
// before removing print Deque
System.out.println("Deque: " + DQ);
}
}
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException
at java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingDeque.offerLast(LinkedBlockingDeque.java:357)
at java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingDeque.offer(LinkedBlockingDeque.java:641)
at GFG.main(GFG.java:21)
Note: The other two exceptions are internal and are caused depending on the compiler hence it cannot be shown in the code.
Reference: https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/Deque.html#offer-E-