Program to Print the Trapezium Pattern

Last Updated : 13 Mar, 2023

Given 'num' which indicates number of lines.The task is to print a trapezium pattern in num lines.
Examples:

Input  : 4 
Output :
1*2*3*4*17*18*19*20
  5*6*7*14*15*16
    8*9*12*13
      10*11


Input : 2
Output :
1*2*5*6
  3*4

Algorithm :
step 1. To read num which indicates the number of lines.
step 2.We are diving the pattern into 2 halves that is LHS part and the RHS part.
Ex : When num = 2
LHS -
1*2*
3*
RHS -
5*6
4
step 3.Combining LHS and RHS we get the complete pattern.

C++

// CPP program to print Trapezium Pattern
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()
{

    int num = 3;
    int space;

    int i, j, lterm, rterm;

    // The terms on the LHS of the pattern
    lterm = 1;

    // The terms on the RHS of the pattern
    rterm = num * num + 1;

    for (i = num; i > 0; i--) {

        // To print number of spaces
        for (space = num; space > i; space--)
            cout << " ";

        for (j = 1; j <= i; j++) {
            cout << lterm;
            cout << "*";
            lterm++;
        }
        for (j = 1; j <= i; j++) {
            cout << rterm;
            if (j < i)
                printf("*");
            rterm++;
        }

        // To get the next term on RHS of the Pattern
        rterm = rterm - (i - 1) * 2 - 1;
        cout << endl;
    }
}

Java

// Java program to print Trapezium Pattern
public class HelloWorld {

    public static void trapeziumPattern(int num)
    {

        int firsthalf = 1;
        int secondhalf = (num * num) + 1;
        int numOfSpaces = 0;

        // numOfLines is the line number
        for (int numOfLines = num; numOfLines >= 1;
             numOfLines--) {

            // Prints the spaces for each line
            for (int numOfSpacesCounter = numOfSpaces;
                 numOfSpacesCounter >= 1;
                 numOfSpacesCounter--) {
                System.out.print(" ");
            }

            // Prints the first half of the trapezium
            for (int firstHalfCounter = 1;
                 firstHalfCounter <= numOfLines;
                 firstHalfCounter++) {

                // If it is the last number for a line then
                // we don't print '*'
                if (firstHalfCounter == numOfLines)
                    System.out.print((firsthalf++));

                else
                    System.out.print((firsthalf++) + "*");
            }

            // Prints the second half of the trapezium
            for (int secondHalfCounter = 1;
                 secondHalfCounter <= numOfLines;
                 secondHalfCounter++) {
                System.out.print("*" + (secondhalf++));
            }

            System.out.println();

            // Calculates the number of Spaces for the next
            // line
            numOfSpaces += 2;

            // Calculates the first number of the
            // second half for the next iteration/line
            secondhalf
                = (secondhalf - 1) - ((numOfLines - 1) * 2);
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        trapeziumPattern(
            4); // Passing the integer as the argument to
                // print trapezium pattern
    }
}

Python 3

# Python 3 program to print 
# Trapezium Pattern
 
if __name__ == "__main__":
    num = 3
 
    # The terms on the LHS 
    # of the pattern 
    lterm = 1 
 
    # The terms on the RHS 
    # of the pattern
    rterm = num * num + 1
 
    for i in range(num, -1, -1):
 
        # To print number of spaces 
        for space in range(num, i-1, -1):
            print(" ", end ="")
 
        for j in range(1, i + 1):
            print(str(lterm)+"*", end ="")
            lterm += 1

        for j in range(1, i + 1):
            print(rterm, end ="")
            if j < i:
                print("*", end ="")
            rterm += 1
 
        # To get the next term on RHS of the Pattern 
        rterm = rterm - (i - 1) * 2 - 1
        print()

# This code is contributed by ChitraNayal

// C# program to print Trapezium Pattern
using System;

public class HelloWorld {

    public static void Main(String[] args)
    {

        // Scanner scn = new Scanner(System.in);
        int num = 3;
        int space;
        // System.out.println("Enter number of lines : ");
        // num = scn.nextInt();

        int i, j, lterm, rterm;

        lterm = 1; // The terms on the LHS of the pattern

        // The terms on the RHS of the pattern
        rterm = num * num + 1;

        for (i = num; i > 0; i--) {

            // To print number of spaces
            for (space = num; space > i; space--)
                Console.Write(" ");

            for (j = 1; j <= i; j++) {
                Console.Write(lterm);
                Console.Write("*");
                lterm++;
            }
            for (j = 1; j <= i; j++) {
                Console.Write(rterm);
                if (j < i)
                    Console.Write("*");
                rterm++;
            }

            // To get the next term on RHS of the Pattern
            rterm = rterm - (i - 1) * 2 - 1;
            Console.WriteLine();
        }
    }
}

// This code is contributed by ankita_saini

PHP

<?php
// PHP program to print
// Trapezium Pattern
$num = 3;
$space;

$i; $j; $lterm; $rterm;

// The terms on the LHS
// of the pattern 
$lterm = 1; 

// The terms on the
// RHS of the pattern
$rterm = $num * $num + 1;

for ($i = $num; $i > 0; $i--) 
{

    // To print number of spaces 
    for ($space = $num; 
         $space > $i; $space--)
        echo " ";

    for ($j = 1; $j <= $i; $j++) 
    {
        echo $lterm;
        echo "*";
        $lterm++;
    }
    for ($j = 1; $j <= $i; $j++) 
    {
        echo $rterm;
        if ($j < $i)
            echo "*";
        $rterm++;
    }

    // To get the next term 
    // on RHS of the Pattern 
    $rterm = $rterm - ($i - 1) * 2 - 1;
    echo "\n";
}

// This code is contributed 
// by Akanksha Rai(Abby_akku)
?>

JavaScript

<script>

      // JavaScript program to print Trapezium Pattern
      var num = 3;
      var space;

      var i, j, lterm, rterm;

      // The terms on the LHS of the pattern
      lterm = 1;

      // The terms on the RHS of the pattern
      rterm = num * num + 1;

      for (i = num; i > 0; i--) {
        // To print number of spaces
        for (space = num; space > i; space--) 
        document.write("&nbsp;&nbsp;");

        for (j = 1; j <= i; j++) {
          document.write(lterm);
          document.write("*");
          lterm++;
        }
        for (j = 1; j <= i; j++) {
          document.write(rterm);
          if (j < i) document.write("*");
          rterm++;
        }

        // To get the next term on RHS of the Pattern
        rterm = rterm - (i - 1) * 2 - 1;
        document.write("<br>");
      }
      
</script>

Output:

Enter number of lines : 3
1*2*3*10*11*12
  4*5*8*9
    6*7

Time complexity: O(n²)

space complexity: O(1)

Program to Print the Trapezium Pattern

sheikhmannansohail

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pattern-printing

Program to Print the Trapezium Pattern

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