Python Program that Extract words starting with Vowel From A list
Last Updated :
20 Feb, 2023
Given a list with string elements, the following program extracts those elements which start with vowels(a, e, i, o, u).
Input : test_list = ["all", "love", "get", "educated", "by", "gfg"]
Output : ['all', 'educated']
Explanation : a, e are vowels, hence words extracted.
Input : test_list = ["all", "love", "get", "educated", "by", "agfg"]
Output : ['all', 'educated', 'agfg']
Explanation : a, e, a are vowels, hence words extracted.
Method 1 : Using startswith() and loop
In this, we check for each word and check if it starts with a vowel using startswith() on the first alphabet of every word. The iteration part is done using the loop.
Python3
# initializing list
test_list = ["all", "love", "and", "get", "educated", "by", "gfg"]
# printing original list
print("The original list is : " + str(test_list))
res = []
vow = "aeiou"
for sub in test_list:
flag = False
# checking for begin char
for ele in vow:
if sub.startswith(ele):
flag = True
break
if flag:
res.append(sub)
# printing result
print("The extracted words : " + str(res))
OutputThe original list is : ['all', 'love', 'and', 'get', 'educated', 'by', 'gfg']
The extracted words : ['all', 'and', 'educated']
Time Complexity: O(N)
Auxiliary Space: O(N)
Method 2 : Using any(), startswith() and loop
In this, we check for vowels using any(), and rest all the functionality is similar to the above method.
Python3
# initializing list
test_list = ["all", "love", "and", "get", "educated", "by", "gfg"]
# printing original list
print("The original list is : " + str(test_list))
res = []
vow = "aeiou"
for sub in test_list:
# check for vowel beginning
flag = any(sub.startswith(ele) for ele in vow)
if flag:
res.append(sub)
# printing result
print("The extracted words : " + str(res))
OutputThe original list is : ['all', 'love', 'and', 'get', 'educated', 'by', 'gfg']
The extracted words : ['all', 'and', 'educated']
Time Complexity: O(n2)
Auxiliary Space: O(n)
Method 3 : Using find() method
Python3
#Starting with vowels
# initializing list
test_list = ["all", "love", "and", "get", "educated", "by", "gfg"]
# printing original list
print("The original list is : " + str(test_list))
def vowelstart(s):
if(s[0]=="a" or s[0]=="e" or s[0]=="i" or s[0]=="o" or s[0]=="u"):
return True
return False
res = []
for sub in test_list:
if(vowelstart(sub)):
res.append(sub)
# printing result
print("The extracted words : " + str(res))
OutputThe original list is : ['all', 'love', 'and', 'get', 'educated', 'by', 'gfg']
The extracted words : ['all', 'and', 'educated']
Time Complexity: O(N)
Auxiliary Space: O(N)
Method 4 : Using for loop
Python3
# Python Program that Extract words starting
# with Vowel From A list initializing list
test_list = ["all", "love", "and", "get", "educated", "by", "gfg"]
# Printing original list
print("The original list is : " + str(test_list))
res = []
vow = "aeiou"
for i in test_list:
if i[0] in vow:
res.append(i)
# Printing result
print("The extracted words : " + str(res))
OutputThe original list is : ['all', 'love', 'and', 'get', 'educated', 'by', 'gfg']
The extracted words : ['all', 'and', 'educated']
Time Complexity: O(N)
Auxiliary Space: O(N)
Method #5: Using filter(),list(),lambda functions and dictionary
Python3
# Starting with vowels
# initializing list
test_list = ["all", "love", "and", "get", "educated", "by", "gfg"]
vowels = {
"a": 0, "e": 0, "i": 0, "o": 0, "u": 0}
# printing original list
print("The original list is : " + str(test_list))
res = list(filter(lambda x: x[0] in vowels.keys(), test_list))
# printing result
print("The extracted words : " + str(res))
OutputThe original list is : ['all', 'love', 'and', 'get', 'educated', 'by', 'gfg']
The extracted words : ['all', 'and', 'educated']
Time Complexity: O(N)
Auxiliary Space: O(N)
Method #6: Using operator.countOf() method
Python3
# Python Program that Extract words starting
# with Vowel From A list initializing list
import operator as op
test_list = ["all", "love", "and", "get", "educated", "by", "gfg"]
# Printing original list
print("The original list is : " + str(test_list))
res = []
vow = "aeiou"
for i in test_list:
if op.countOf(vow, i[0]) > 0:
res.append(i)
# Printing result
print("The extracted words : " + str(res))
OutputThe original list is : ['all', 'love', 'and', 'get', 'educated', 'by', 'gfg']
The extracted words : ['all', 'and', 'educated']
Time Complexity: O(N)
Auxiliary Space : O(N)
Method#7: Using regular expression
Python3
import re
# initializing list
test_list = ["all", "love", "and", "get", "educated", "by", "gfg"]
# printing original list
print("The original list is : " + str(test_list))
vow = "aeiou"
res = [x for x in test_list if re.match(f"^[{vow}]", x)]
# printing result
print("The extracted words : " + str(res))
#This code is contributed by Vinay Pinjala.
OutputThe original list is : ['all', 'love', 'and', 'get', 'educated', 'by', 'gfg']
The extracted words : ['all', 'and', 'educated']
Time Complexity: O(N)
Auxiliary Space : O(N)
Method#8: Using list comprehension and 'in'
Here's another approach using a list comprehension and checking if the first character is a vowel using in operator:
Python3
test_list = ["all", "love", "and", "get", "educated", "by", "gfg"]
# Printing original list
print("The original list is : " + str(test_list))
res = [word for word in test_list if word[0] in "aeiou"]
# Printing result
print("The extracted words : " + str(res))
OutputThe original list is : ['all', 'love', 'and', 'get', 'educated', 'by', 'gfg']
The extracted words : ['all', 'and', 'educated']
Time Complexity: O(N)
Auxiliary Space: O(N)
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