The most honest thing ever written about advertising was published in 1974. Alan Hedges, in Testing to Destruction (IPA), described in detail how advertising acts as “wallpaper". Always there. Rarely noticed. Background noise giving the faintest of nudges. To make the point, he dissected a housewife’s journey to buy floor polish (it was the 70s). Explaining in 2,000 words how her decision was shaped less by a single ad and more by a long accumulation of brief exposures she barely remembers. Whenever I speak to anyone outside the industry about advertising you realise pretty quickly that he was right. As Byron Sharp finds, advertising is often a "weak force". That all felt right for the broadcast era. But today? On signal-driven channels like social, ads seem to work differently. Less like wallpaper and more like a window showing things you might actually want. Maybe I've drunk too much of the kool-aid. But this feels different to what Hedges describes. If you look at newer UK brands like Gymshark, Wild deodorants etc they seem to have been built using advertising as a window rather than wallpaper. dentsu estimates algorithmic media is 60% of spend today, heading to 79% by 2027. A lot more advertising may work this way in the future, especially as TV becomes connected. You could argue this is just another way of describing the old Brand vs DR split. But as advertisers are increasingly using these channels for brand building, I’m not sure the lines are as neat as they once were. Either way, Hedges’ honesty is still refreshing 51 years on. If you work in advertising, Testing to Destruction is definitely worth your time. I’ve attached the book below, the ‘wallpaper’ section is on pages 70–76 if you want to dive in. HT to Richard Harriford for reminding me of this book and Nick Kendall for introducing me to it years ago!
My hypothesis is that the increased relevance seen in the window on platforms is actually offset by ad volume creating more wallpaper. So then brands get into the habit of chasing watch times and being entertaining, then consumer doesn’t take away anything the brand wants them to or worst case consumers don’t register it’s a piece of branded content, thus a different kind of wallpaper. Then we’re back to relying on creative that stands out and is relevant. Maybe I’m being pessimistic because I haven’t had a coffee yet?
I dunno. Still feels pretty wallpaper-y!
Feels to me like the low level frequency argument for advertising awareness works best when it's with brands that have already built significant brand equity elsewhere through attention grabbing means either in advertising or through other experiences. The low level stuff acts like top-up reminders in a sense. I wonder if the long-term reliance on these though would lead to a gradual erosion of brand favourability and relevance, without some more 'exciting' comms to top up the brand equity every so often.
Karen Nelson-Field PhD measured the time people pay attention to digital ads. 85% of 130.000 Impressions stayed below 2,5 sec active attention… therefore leaving no memory traces that can last longer than minutes. But strong brands need strong memory traces that can be activated in moments of need in the future ahead in 10 days, 30 days or even a year. Moving the ad spend so massively into digital and thinking this will be the future of brand building is mass hypnosis on the scale of the „The emperor‘s new clothes.“
Peter Buckley I do detect a little bit of Kool aid. What is different between your social media providing "window" products and any other type of advertising over the last 100 years?
Peter Buckley don't tell system 1 👀
There was some amazing work it seems in the cognitive sciences at this time. Daniel Kahneman published attention and effort in 1973. I like the window, ahem, framing but I might counter by saying if we all have a ‘window’ doesn’t that become our wallpaper? Doing so places the onus back on the how to communicate in a way which is actually going to change people’s behaviours.
It might also simply be that wallpaper's influence is vastly underrated terms of familiarity and therefore top of mind at CEP. . With a bit of repeat, that's a darn good DBA if you ask me;)
A glorious read.
CEO Shopper Intelligence. Data that fuels growth thinking - and a more productive discussion. Shopper POV facts on how every category and store ‘works’. | Author of “The Nursery Rhyme Conundrum”
1moI recall one description of a brand as being a bird's nest of a large number of twigs all placed patiently one by one. Another as it being like a pointillistic painting, lots of tiny dots making up the picture. The latter were famous for the ridiculous amount of time it took to do! Similar for those hard working and patient birds? Presumably it's also why big brands stay big and small or new brands struggle. Hard to accelerate the twig gathering.....