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6 5 Remainder Factor THM

Polynomial Long Division: You write the division problem in the same format you would use for numbers. If a polynomial f(x) is divisible by (x - k), then the remainder is r = f(k).

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198 views19 pages

6 5 Remainder Factor THM

Polynomial Long Division: You write the division problem in the same format you would use for numbers. If a polynomial f(x) is divisible by (x - k), then the remainder is r = f(k).

Uploaded by

api-200092859
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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The Remainder and Factor Theorems

6.5 p. 352

When you divide a Polynomial f(x) by a divisor d(x), you get a quotient polynomial q(x) with a remainder r(x) written:

f(x) = q(x) + r(x) d(x) d(x)

The degree of the remainder must be less than the degree of the divisor!

Polynomial Long Division:


You write the division problem in the

same format you would use for numbers. If a term is missing in standard form fill it in with a 0 coefficient. Example: 2x4 + 3x3 + 5x 1 = x2 2x + 2

2x2

x 2 x 2 2 x 3x 0 x 5 x 1
2 4 3 2

2x4 = 2x2 x2

2x2 +7x +10

x 2 x 2 2 x 3x 0 x 5 x 1
2 4 3 2

-( 2x4 -4x3 +4x2 )


7x3 - 4x2 +5x -( 7x3 - 14x2 +14x )
7x3 = 7x x2

10x2 - 9x -1
-( 10x2 - 20x +20 )

11x - 21
remainder

The answer is written:


2x2 + 7x + 10 + 11x 21

x2 2x + 2 Quotient + Remainder over divisor

Now you try one!


y4 + 2y2 y + 5 =

y2 y + 1
Answer: y2 + y + 2 +

3 y2 y + 1

Remainder Theorem:
If a polynomial f(x) is divisible by (x k),

then the remainder is r = f(k). Now you will use synthetic division (like synthetic substitution) f(x)= 3x3 2x2 + 2x 5 Divide by x - 2

f(x)= 3x3 2x2 + 2x 5 Divide by x - 2


Long division results in ?......
3x2 + 4x + 10 +

15 x2 Synthetic Division: f(2) = 3 -2 2 -5 6 8 20 2


3 Which gives you: 4 10 15 3x2 + 4x + 10 + 15 x-2

Synthetic Division Practice 1


Divide x3 + 2x2 6x -9 by (a) x-2 (b) x+3
(a) x-2

1 2
1

2
2 4

-6
8 2

-9
4 -5

Which is x2 + 4x + 2 + -5 x-2

Synthetic Division Practice cont.


(b) x+3

1 -3
1

2
-3 -1

-6
3 -3

-9
9 0

x2 x - 3

Factor Theorem:
A polynomial f(x) has factor x-k iff f(k)=0

note that k is a ZERO of the function

because f(k)=0

Factoring a polynomial
Factor f(x) = 2x3 + 11x2 + 18x + 9
Given f(-3)=0 Since f(-3)=0 x-(-3) or x+3 is a factor

So use synthetic division to find the

others!!

Factoring a polynomial cont.

-3

2
2

11
-6 5

18
3

9
0

-15 -9

So. 2x3 + 11x2 + 18x + 9 factors to: (x + 3)(2x2 + 5x + 3) Now keep factoring (bustin da b) gives you:
(x+3)(2x+3)(x+1)

Your turn!
Factor f(x)= 3x3 + 13x2 + 2x -8
given f(-4)=0

(x + 1)(3x 2)(x + 4)

Finding the zeros of a polynomial function


f(x) = x3 2x2 9x +18.
One zero of f(x) is x=2 Find the others!

Use synthetic div. to reduce the degree

of the polynomial function and factor completely. (x-2)(x2-9) = (x-2)(x+3)(x-3) Therefore, the zeros are x=2,3,-3!!!

Your turn!
f(x) = x3 + 6x2 + 3x -10
X=-5 is one zero, find the others!

The zeros are x=2,-1,-5

Because the factors are (x-2)(x+1)(x+5)

Assignment

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