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Elec2630 Embedded Systems Theory

The document discusses using FPGAs as embedded system components. It describes the basic logic elements in an FPGA, how a circuit is programmed by connecting these elements, and how FPGAs can be used as controllers by designing circuits corresponding to state machines or flowcharts. An example is given of designing an FPGA circuit to implement a quiz show answer adjudicator. The document also briefly discusses FPGA development boards, Handel C programming software, and extensions to the C language to support parallel processing in FPGA circuit design.

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71 views14 pages

Elec2630 Embedded Systems Theory

The document discusses using FPGAs as embedded system components. It describes the basic logic elements in an FPGA, how a circuit is programmed by connecting these elements, and how FPGAs can be used as controllers by designing circuits corresponding to state machines or flowcharts. An example is given of designing an FPGA circuit to implement a quiz show answer adjudicator. The document also briefly discusses FPGA development boards, Handel C programming software, and extensions to the C language to support parallel processing in FPGA circuit design.

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openid_ZufDFRTu
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ELEC2630 EMBEDDED

SYSTEMS THEORY

Lecture 12: FPGA as an


Embedded System
Component
FPGA DEVICES
 The essential feature of the FPGA is a
collection of AND, OR and NOT together
with D type FlipFlops
 There are switches that can connect
elements of the device to form a circuit
which can be used as an embedded
system controller
 Inputs can be direct or inverted; they can
be connected to AND gates; The AND
gates can be connected to OR gates which
in turn can drive the D input of the
FlipFlops
FPGA Circuit Requirements
 The FPGA requires a clock to syncronize all
changes between different circuit devices within
the chip.
 The “Program” is a list of the switch connections
to form the circuit.
 Most FPGAs do not have non-volatile storage for
the program and therefore need reloading each
time power is applied.
 Some have an EEPROM that can store the
program for reloading on power-up.
 Distributed Embedded Systems with a least one
computer could download code from the
computer memory to the FPGA at power-up.
How can FPGAs be used as a
controller
 The steps in the following slides show
how a circuit to form a quiz show
answer adjuducator.
 It indicates which pushed button first,
and if both pressed at once, gives
turn to each in team in turn, if
pressed repeatedly.
Problem Flowchart
State Diagram
Method of Design
 A Flowchart of the Problem
 A State Diagram formed for the process
 State tables drawn up to describe the steps in the
process
 After using Karnaugh maps to simplify the the
equations from the state tables
 The circuit to implement the design was then
created
 This circuit is then tested in simulation using
input waveforms to test all possible input
combinations
FPGA Future
 Smaller physical size with greater
circuit device capacities
 Development of improved
programming methods
 One possible route is that of a
modified C language
FPGA Development Board
Handel C Software
Handel C Software
C Language extensions
 A method of handling parallel processes so
that separate parts of the circuit can
actually work at the same time
 Extra keywords were added, as in the
handling of interrupts, to add this feature
 And a method to allow some processes to
be prevented from starting before
essential prerequisites were completed
 The method called semaphores, popular in
UNIX were addapted for this purpose

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