Gujarati- English Learners Dictionary

Babu Suthar
(Second draft)

A Nirman Foundation Project

Department of South Asia Studies
University of Pennsylvania
820 Williams Hall
36th and Spruce
Philadelphia PA 19104
Babu Suthar

3
In Memory of
Harivallabh Bhayani

We will revise this draft again after we receive comments and suggestions from the
scholars and the users. There are still problems with phonetic transcription of some
words. We will fix them as soon as we get feedback from the scholars. Meanwhile,
we request the users to consult us before using information from this dictionary in
their reserach.

Babu Suthar
[email protected]

5
Introduction
Gujarati is a poor language of the rich people. This language does not have scientifically
written grammar books. Whatever grammar books it has are mainly pedagogic. It does
not have well written dictionaries either. There are some, monolingual as well as
bilingual, but many of them are impressionistic and outdated. This language is divided
into many social and geographical dialects, but very few of them have been explored.
Many dialects still await their documentation. It has attracted many linguists, but their
impact on the language, speakers, and writers has been negligible. Gujaratis are
everywhere, and so is Gujarati; but Gujarati rarely is taught systematically. The children
of Gujarati Diaspora learn some Gujarati either from their parents or from Gujarati
language classes run mainly by Hindu temples. There is no well written teaching material
either. Some individuals have created some material, but much of it lacks
professionalism. In addition, it is also faulty either in grammar or in pragmatics or both.
This is unfortunate. In order to overcome this situation, partially if not fully, the
Department of South Asia Regional Studies, University of Pennsylvania has taken a
leadership role. They have encouraged designing teaching material under which we have
created three textbooks: Gujarati Reader 1, 2 and 3. The Reader 1 is devoted to the
writing system, while the Reader 2 is devoted to written conversations. The Reader 3 is a
collection of Aesops fables rendered in Gujarati. This dictionary is a part of that project
but it has been funded by the Nirman Foundation, Washington DC. It is perhaps the first
dictionary of the language created for the beginning student who is learning Gujarati
language as a second language. It is also the first dictionary in Gujarati which gives
phonetic transcription of the head words in International Phonetic Alphabet. Besides, it is
also the first one that gives graphemic transcription of each head words. This dictionary
will certainly facilitate the learner in learning the differences between spoken and written
Gujarati.
I am thankful to Nirman Foundation. Without their support this dream would have
remained unfulfilled. I am also thankful to Prof. Bhikhu Parekh and Dr. Chandrakant
Shrof for taking personal interest in this project. I can not forget Prof. Guy Welbon,
former Chairperson of the South Asia Regional Studies, University of Pennsylvania, who
underlined the need of creating teaching material and supported all the projects. This
dictionary is the third project that he supported. I am also thankful to Prof. Michael W.
Meister, the Chairperson of the Department of South Asia, for encouraging me in
finishing this work. Finally, I am thankful to Prof. Buckley, Department of Linguistics,
University of Pennsylvania, and Dr. Bharti Modi, Ex. Chairperson, Department of
Linguistics, The M.S. University of Baroda for ofering me guidance on various issues
related to compiling dictionary.
Babu Suthar
Sunday, June 29, 2003

6
Content
1. Explanatory notes
2. Abbriviations
3. Dictionary
A
Aa
;
:
w
W

Ae
AE
Ao
AO
k
`
g
3
c
2
j
z
4
5
6
7
t
9
d
0
n
p
f
b
m
y
r
l
v
=
q
s
h

7
10
12
12
20
25
26
26
29
30
30
32
32
33
33
41
46
52
55
62
65
70
73
75
77
79
80
87
88
96
100
111
132
137
146
154
167
168
175
183
200
205
205
229

7
x
}a
4. Gujarati Parts of speech
5. Numerals

235
235
236
255

8
Explanatory Notes:
Structure of the entries: Each entry contains five parts in the following order: 1. Headword, 2. Phonetic transcription, 3. Graphemic transcription, 4. Grammatical designation
and 5. Gloss. In addition, some entries may contain example.
1. Head-word: Head-word is the word to be glossed. It is given here in Gujarati script.
Spellings such as gga, pjo, 5*6I, sNt and sMp are avoided in favor of more traditional
spellings g&ga, p&jo, 5&6I, s&t and s&p.
2. Phonetic transcription: For each head-word phonetic transcription is given here in
Broad transcription. Syllabic division is also marked. This will facilitate the learners in
learning how to pronounce the words and how to relate them with their grapheme
structure. However, stress pattern is left unmarked.
Phonetic transcription is given in International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) which is
given bellow:

Vowels:
Front
Close

Central Back

Close-mid e

o
\

Open-mid
Open

Lateral
approximant

Approximant

non-asp.

asp.

Plosive

vl.

Trill

vd.

Bilabial

Nasal

vd.
b

Labiodental

vl.

vd.

Dental

vd.

Alveolar

Post alveolar vl.

Fricative

vl.

vd.

vl.
Retroflex

vd.
c

Palatal

vl.

vd.

Velar

vl.
g

Pharyngeal

Consonants:

10
3. Graphemic transcription: For each word graphemic transcription is also given using
the following symbols. This will help students learning the relationship between sound
and later with is not always symmetrical in Gujarati.
Vowels:
A
\

Aa
a

;
i

:
ii

w
u

W
uu

Ae
e

AE
\i

Ao
o

AO
\u

A&
\m

A
\h

ru

Consonants:
k
k\

`
kh\

g
g\

3
gh\

c
c\

2
ch\

j
\

z
h\

4
\

5
h\

6
\

7
h\

8
\

t
t\

9
th\

d
d\

0
dh\

n
n\

p
p\

f
ph\

b
b\

bh\

m
m\

y
y\

r
r\

l
l\

v
v\

=
\

q
s\

s
s\

h
h\

X
\

x
k\

}a
gn\

4. Gloss: Gloss illustrates the main sense of the word. In some cases, more than one
meaning are given in the order of their prominence.

11
Abbriviations
adj.
advb.
conj.
fem.
hon.
masc.
neut.
postp
pron.
v.intr.
v.dat.
v.exp.
v.tr.

adjective
adverb
conjunction
feminine
honorific
masculine
neuter
postposition
pronoun
intransitive verb
dative verb
experiencer verb
transitive verb

Symbols:
/./
<.>

syllabic break
boundary of the letter

Axy /\k.\.j\/ <\.k\.j\> adj.

1.imperishable. 2. inexhaustible.

Akb&0 /\k.b\n.d\/ <\.k\.b\~.dh\> adj. .

1. intact. 2. neither opened nor broken.

Axr /\k.\.r\/ <\.k\.r\> masc. .1. a

letter, 2. a syllable

Ak6avu& /\k.a.vu~/ <\.k\.a.vu~> v.intr.

to get angry.

Axr /\k.\.r\/ <\.k\.r\> adj. .

indestructible.

Ak6avu& /\k.a.vu~/ <\.k\.a.vu~> v.intr.

to have cramp.

Axr= /\k.\.r\.\.h\/ <\.k\.r\.\.h\>

adv.. 1.literally. 2. letter by letter. 3.
word by word.

AkmRk /\.k\r.m\.k/ <\.k\.rm\.k\> adj. .

intransitive. a verb that does not take a
direct verb.

Axa&= /\k.a~.\/ <\.ka~.s\> masc. a

degree of latitude.

AksIr /\k.sir/ <\.k\.sii.r\> adj. .

effective.

A`&6 /\.k\.\/ <\.kh\~.\> adj.

1.unbroken. 2. ceaseless.

AkSmat /\.k\s.mat/ <\.k\.sma.t\> neut.

. accident

A`&&i6t /\.k\.it/ <\.kh\~.i.t\> adj. .

1.unbroken. 2. constant.

AkSmate /\.k\s.ma.te/ <\.k\.sma.te>

advb.. accidentally.

A`tro /\.k\t.ro/ <\.kh\.t\.ro> masc.

.1. an experiment. 2. a trial

AkXam8 /\k.a.m\/ <\.k\.a.m\.\>

fem.
1. perplexity. 2. acute worry.

A`bar /\k.bar/ <\.kh\.ba.r\> neut. . a

news paper

AkXavu& /\k.a.vu~/ <\.k\.a.vu~> v.intr. .

to get angry.
Ak\k6 /\k.k\./ </\.kk\.\> adj. 1. stiff.
2. unbending.
Ak\krmI /\k.k\r.mi/ <\.kk\.r\.mii> adj.
unfortunate.

A`a6o /\.ka.o/ <\.kha.do> masc. . a

gymnasium
A`at /\.kat/ <\.kha.t\> masc. .1. a bay.
2. a gulf
Agi8t /\.g\.it/ adj. .<\.g\.i.t\> 1.
innumerable. 2. uncounable.

Ak\kl /\k.k\l/ <\.kk\.l\> fem. . sense.

Ag8otr /\.g\.o.t\r/ <\.g\.o.t\.t\>

adj. . sixty nine.

Axt /\k.\.t\/ <\.k\.t\> adj. .1. whole.

2. unbroken.

Ag*ya=I /\.g\.ja.i/ <\.g\.ja.ii> adj. .

seventy nine.

13
AgTy /\.g\t.j\/ <\.g\.tj\> neut.
important.
AgTyta /\.g\t.j\.ta/ <\.g\.tj\.ta> fem. .
importance.
Agm cetI /\.g\m.ce.ti/ <\.g\.m\.ce.tii>
fem.
1.forsight. 2. precaution.
Agm va8I /\.g\m.va.i/ <\.g\.va.ii>
fem.1. prophecy. 2. mysterious words.

AigyarI /\.gi.ja.ri/ <\.gi.ja.rii> fem. . a

small fire temple in which Parsis keep
their sacred fire.
Agocr /\.go.c\r/ <\.go.c\.r\> adj.
1.beyond senses. 2. imperceptible.
AiGn /\g.ni/ <\.gni> masc. .fire
AiGndah /\g.ni.dah/ <\.gni.da.h\> masc.
. cremation ceremony.

AgMy /\.g\m.j\/ <\.g\.mj\> adj. .1.

mysterious. 2. inaccessible.

AiGns&Skar /\g.ni.sam.ska.r\/
<\.gni.s\~.ska.r\> masc. . cremation
ceremony.

Agrb]aI /\.g\r.b\t.ti/ <\.g\.r\.b\.ttii>

fem. . incense stick.

A3i4t /\.g\.it/ adj. improper.

Agv6 /\g.v\/ <\.g\.v\.\> fem.

inconvenience.

A3ru& /\.g\.ru~/ <\.gh\.ru~> adj.

difficult.

Agaw /\.ga.u~/ <\.ga.u> prep.. before.

Ac&bo /\.c\m.bo/ <\.c\~.bo> masc. .1. a

surprise, 2. an astonishment

AgawnI /\.ga.u~.ni/ <\.ga.u.nii> adj. .

previous (in terms of time).

Acank /\.ca.n\k/ <\.ca.n\.k\> advb. .

1.suddenly, 2. accidentally

Agaw9I /\.ga.u.ti/ <\.ga.u.thii> advb.

.in advance.

AcUk /\.cuk/ <\.cuu.k\> advb.

.1.without a mistake, 2. sure

AgasI /\.ga.si/ <\.ga.sii> fem. . terrace.

A2t /\.c\t/ <\.ch\.t\> fem. .1.scarcity,

2. shortage

Aigyar /\.gi.jar/ <\.gi.ja.r\> adj.

.eleven.
Aigyarmu& /\.gi.jar.mu~/ <\.gi.ja.r\.mu~>
neut. the eleventh day after death.
Aigyars /\.gi.ja.r\s/ <\.gi.ja.r\.s\> fem.
the eleventh day of a fortnight of a
Hindu lunar month.

A2tu& /\.c\.tu~/ <\.ch\.tu~> advb.

.1.secret, 2. hidden
A2bDa /\.c\b.a/ <\.ch\.b\.a> masc. .
chicken-pox (honorific).
A2Ut /\.cut/ <\.chu.t\> adj. .
untouchable

14
A2o6o /\.co.o/ <\.cho.o> masc. a
chain of gold or silver

A}aan /\g.na.n\/ <\.gna.n\> neut. .

ignorance

Ajgr /\.g\r/ <\.\.g\.r\> masc. . a

python

A}aanI /\g.na.ni/ <\.gna.nii> adj.

.ignorant

Ajb /\.\b/ <\.\.b\> adj. .1. strange, 2.

surprising

A4k /\.\k/ <\.\.k\> fem. .1. surname,

2. a family name. 3. last name.

Ajmavvu& /\.mav.vu~/ <\.\.ma.v\.vu~>

v.tr. 1. to try, 2. to test.

A4kvu& /\.\k.vu~/ <\.\.k\.vu~> v.intr. . to

stop.

Ajmo /\.mo/ <\.\.mo> masc. . parsley

AjvaXvu& /\.va.vu~/ <\.\.va.\.vu~> v.tr.
.to cleanse.

A4kX /\.k\/ <\.\.k\.\> fem. . an

inference

AjvaXIyu& /\.va.i.u~/ <\.\.va.ii.ju~>

neut. 1. the bright half of a lunar month,
2. Small holes in the roof foe admitting
sun-light.
AjvaXu& /\.va.u~/ <\.\.va.u~> neut.
.light
Aj&po /\.\.mpo/ <\.\~.po> masc. .
restlessness
Aja8 /\.a/ <\.a.\> adj. . ignorant
Aja*yu& /\.a.yu~/ <\.a.ju~>
adj.1.unknown, 2. stranger
AjaybI /\.a.j\.bi/ <\.a.j\.bii> fem. .1. a
wonder, 2. a surprise
A@8R /\.ir.\/ <\.ii.r\> neut.
indigestion
Ajey /\.ej/ <\.e.j\> adj. .
unconquerable
Ajo6 /\.o./ <\.o.\> adj. . unique

A4p4u& /\.p\.u~/ adj. <\.\.p\.u~>

1.intricate, 2. complex
A4vavu& /\.va.vu~/ <\.\.va.vu~> v.intr. . to
wander.
A5vai6k /\.va.ik/ <\.h\.va.i.k\>
adj. . weekly
A5vai6yu& /\.va.i.ju~/ <\.h\.va.i.ju~>
neut. a week
A5&g /\.\.g\/ <\.h\~.g\> adj. . out and
out.
A5\5a; /\.a.i/ <\.hha.i> fem. . a
religious vows of the Jains. A person
who takes this vow fasts for the period
of eight days.
A5\5a8u& /\.a.u~/ <\.hha.u~> adj. .
ninety eight.
A5\5avn /\.a.v\n/ <\.hha.v\.n\>
adj. fifty eight.
A5\yotr /\.jo.t\r/ <\.hjo.t\.r\> adj. .
seventy eight.

15
A5\yasI /\.ja.si/ <\.hja.sii> adj. . eighty
eight.

A7I /\.i/ <\.hii> adj. . two and a

half.

A6kvu& /\.\k.vu~/ <\.\.k\.vu~> v.tr. .to

touch.

A8gmo /\.g\.mo/ <\.\.g\.mo> masc.

. dislike.

A6`e p6`e /\.ke p\.ke/

<\.\.khe p\.\.khe> adv..1. beside,
2. adjacent to, 3. side by side.

A836 /\.g\/ <\.\.gh\.\> adj. .

unskilled

A6g /\.\g/ <\.\.g\> adj. .1.

immovable, 2. unperturbed.
A6c8 /\.c\/ <\.\.c\.\> fem. .
obstacle

A80ayuR& /\.da.rju~/ <\.\.dha.rju~> adj.

& advb. unexpected.
A8manItu& /\.ma.ni.tu~/ <\.\.ma.nii.tu~>
adj. .unfavorable.

A6talIs /\.ta.lis/ <\.\.ta.lii.s\> adj.

forty eight.

A8vr /\.v\r/ <\.\.v\.r\> masc. a

relative of the bridgroom who assists
him during marriage ritual.

A6d /\.\d/ <\.\.d\> masc. a kind of

pulse

Ai8 /\.i/ <\.i> fem. sharp point of

anything.

A60u& /\.du~/ <\.\.dhu~> adj. half.

Aiti9 /\.ti.ti/ <\.ti.thi> masc. . a guest

who comes without prior information.

A6plu& /\.\p.lu~/ <\.\.p\.lu~> neut. .1.a

mischief, 2. a prank
A6vu& /\.vu~/ <\.\.vu~> v.tr. . to touch.
A6s5 /\.s\/ <\.\.s\.h\> adj. .sixty
eight.
A6oA6 /\o.\/ <\.o.\.\> postp.
.very closely.
A6\6o /\.o/ <\.o> masc. .a meeting
place of unsocial element.
A7Xk /\.\.\k/ <\.\.\.k\> adj. .
plentiful.

Aitrek /\.ti.rek/ <\.ti.re.k\> masc. . an

excess
AtIt /\.tit/ <\.tii.t\> masc. . past.
Atu4 /\.tu/ <\.tu.\> adj. . unbreakable.
A]ar /\.\r/ <\.tt\.r\> neut. .perfume
ATy&t /\t.j\n.t\/ <\.tj\~.t\> adj. .
excessive
ATyacar /\t.ja.car/ <\.tja.ca.r\> masc. .
tyranny
ATyare /\t.ja.re/ <\.tja.re> adv.. just now

A7ar /\.ar/ <\.ha.r\> adj. . eighteen.

A{a /\t.r\/ <\.tr\> advb.. at this place

16

A96avu& /\t.a.vu~/ <\.th.a.vu~> v.intr.

.1. to collide, 2. to hit against.
A9a8u& /\.ta.u~/ <\.tha.u~> neut. .
pickle

A0Iru& /\.di.ru~/ <\.dhii.ru~> adj. .

impatient.
A0ur&u /\.du.ru~/ <\.dhu.ru~> adj. .
incomplete.

Ada /\.da/ <\.da> fem. . action.

A)0r /\d.d\r/ <\.dhdh\.r\> advb..1.

unsupported, 2. hanging in mid air.

Adalt /\.da.l\t/ <\.da.l\.t\> fem. . a

judicial court.

An9R /\.n\r.t\/ <\.n\.rth\> masc. . a

misinterpretation.

Adavt /\.da.v\t/ <\.da.v\.t\> fem. .

enmity.

An&t /\.n\n.t\/ <\.n\~.t\> adj. .1.endless,

2. infinite.

A+y /\.dr\.j\/ <\.dr\.j\> adj. .

invisible.

Anaj /\.na/ <\.na.\> neut. .grain.

Ana9 /\.nat/ <\.na.th\> adj. . orphan.

Ade`a; /\.de.kai/ <\.de.kha.i> fem. .

jealously
Ade`u& /\.de.ku~/ <\.de.khu~> adj. .
jealous
Ad\-Ut /\d.but/ <\.d\.bhu.t\> adj. .
wonderful
A0kcru& /\d.k\c.ru~/ <\.dh\.k\.c\.ru~>
adj. partly baked or cooked.
A0m /\.d\m/ <\.dh\.m\> adj. mean.
A0mUw& /\d.mu.u~/ <\.dh\.mu.u> adj. .
half-dead.
A0mR /\.d\r.m\/ <\.dh\.rm\> masc. .1.
the reverse of religion, 2. immoral.
A0vc /\d.v\c/ <\.dh\.v\.c\> advb..1.
in the middle, 2. midway.
Ai0kar /\.di.kar/ <\.dhi.ka.r\> masc. .
a right.

Ana9a[am /\.na.ta.r\.m\/
<\.na.tha.r\.m\> masc. . an
orphanage.
Anadr /\.na.d\r/ <\.na.d\.r\> masc. .
an insult.
Anamt /\.na.m\t/ <\.na.m\.t\> fem. .
deposit.
AnamI /\.na.mi/ <\.na.mii> adj. .
nameless.
Ainyimt /\.nij.mit/ <\.ni.j\.mi.t\> adj.
irregular.
Ainit /\.ni.cit/ <\.ni.ci.t\> adj. .
uncertain.
AnIit /\.ni.ti/ <\.nii.ti> fem.
immorality.
Anukr8 /\.nu.k\.r\/ <\.nu.k\.r\.\>
neut.
immitation.

17
AnukUX /\.nu.ku/ <\.nu.kuu.\> adj. .
suitable.

Apvad /\p.vad/ <\.p\.va.d\> masc. . an

exception.

Anuk/m /\.nu.kr\m/ <\.nu.kr\.m\>

masc. .1. order, 2. sequence.

Apiv{a /\.p\.vit.r\/ <\.p\.vi.tr\> adj.

unholy.

Anu-v /\.nu.b\v/ <\.nu.bh\.v\> masc.

experience.

Ap=Bd /\p.\b.d\/ <\.p\.\.bd\> masc.

an abuse.

Anu-vI /\.nu.b\.vi/ <\.nu.bh\.vii> adj.

experienced.

Ap=ukn /\p.u.k\n/ <\.p\.u.k\.n\>

masc. . ill-omen.

Anuman /\.nu.man/ <\.nu.ma.n\> neut. .

an inference.

Ap&g /\.p\.g\/ adj. . <\.p\~.g\> 1. lame,

2. crippled.

Anuvad /\.nu.vad/ <\.nu.va.d\> masc.

translation.

Apasro /\.pa.s\.ro/ <\.pa.s\.ro> masc. .

a Jain monestry.

Anusrvu& /\.nu.s\r.vu~/ <\.nu.s\.r\.vu~>

v.intr to follow.

ApUj /\.pu/ <\.puu.\> adj. . not

worshipped.

AnuSnatk /\.nus.na.t\k/ <\.nu.sna.t\.k\>

adj. post-graduate.

Apexa /\.pek.a/ <\.pe.ka> fem. .

expectation.

AnuSvar /\.nus.var/ <\.nu.sva.r\> neut.

a sign written on the top of a letter that
indicates a nasal sound or nasalization
of a vowel.

Ap/g4 /\.pr\.g\/ <\.pr\.g\.\> adj. .

unpublished.

Ane /\.ne/ <\.ne> conj.. and.

Aip/y /\p.ri.j\/ <\.pri.j\> adj. .

disguisting.

Anek /\.nek/ <\.ne.k\> adj. . many.

Afva /\p.va/ <\.ph\.va> fem. . a

rumors.

ANyay /\n.jaj/ <\.nja.j\> masc. .

injustice.

Afsos /\p.sos/ <\.ph\.so.s\> masc. .1.

repentance, 2. alas.

Apco /\.p\.co/ <\.p\.co> masc. .

indigestion.

Abj /\.b\/ <\.b\.\> adj. . one

thousand millions.

Apj= /\p.\/ <\.p\.\.\> masc.

.disgrace.

Abjopit /\.b\.o.p\.ti/ <\.b\.o.p\.tii>

adj. a millionaire

Apman /\p.man/ <\.p\.ma.n\> neut. .

an insult

A-8 /\.b\/ <\.bh\.\> adj. .

illiterate.

18

A-av /\.bav/ <\.bha.v\> masc. .

dislike.
Ai-n&dn /\.bi.n\n.d\n/
<\.bhi.n\~.d\.n\> masc. congratulation.
(Honorific)
Ai-neta /\.bi.ne.ta/ <\.bhi.ne.ta> masc.
. a male actor.
Ai-p/a.y /\.bi.pra.j\/ <\.bhi.pra.j\>
masc. . an opinion.

ArIso /\.ri.so/ <\.rii.so> masc. .a

mirror.
Are /\.re/ <\.re> inter.. an exclamation
expressing surprise, `oh.
A9R /\r.t\/ <\.rth\> masc. 1. meaning,
2. wealth.
Alg /\.l\g/ <\.l\.g\> adj. . separate.
AlI /\.li/ <\.lii> fem. . a female friend
for a female.
Alop /\.lop/ <\.lo.p\> adj. . invisible.

Ai-man /\.bi.man/ <\.bhi.ma.n\> neut.

. arrogance.

AlOkIk /\.l\u.kik/ <\.l\u.kii.k\> adj. .

devine.

Ai-manI /\.bi.ma.ni/ <\.bhi.ma.nii>

adj. . arrogant.

Avd=a /\v.d\.a/ <\.v\.d\.a> fem. .

misfortune.

A_yas /\b.ja.s\/ <\.bhja.s\> masc. .1.

study, 2. practice.

Avnvu& /\v.n\.vu~/ <\.v\.n\.vu~> adj. .

new.

Amr /\.m\r/ <\.m\.r\> adj. immortal.

Avyv /\.v\.j\v/ <\.v\.j\.v\> masc. .a

limb.

Amaru& /\.ma.ru~/ <\.ma.ru~> pron.. our

(exclusive).
Amas /\.mas/ <\.ma.s\> fem. . the last
day of the dark half of a lunar month.
Amuk /\.muk/ <\.mu.k\> adj. . some.

Avro0 /\v.rod/ <\.v\.ro.dh\> masc. .a

hurdle.
Avlokn /\v.lo.k\n/ <\.v\.lo.k\.n\>
neut. . observation.
Av+y /\v.j\/ <\.v\.j\> advb. . surely.

AmULy /\.mul.j\/ <\.muu.lj\> adj.

.priceless.
Ame /\.me/ <\.me> pron.. we
(exclusive).
AyoGy /\.jog.j\/ <\.jo.gj\> adj. .
improper.

Avsr /\v.s\r/ <\.v\.s\.r\> masc. an

occasion.
Avsan /\v.san/ <\.v\.sa.n\> neut.
death.
AvXa; /\v.ai/ <\.v\.a.i> fem. improper
behavior.

19
AvXu& /\v.u~/ <\.v\.u~> adj. up side
down.
Avaj /\.va/ <\.va.\> masc. .1.voice, 2.
sound.
Avarnvar /\.var.n\.var/
<\.va.r\.n\.va.r\> advb. .frequently.
AvaXu& /\.va.u~/ <\.va.u~> neut. . the
gums of teeth.
Aivny /\.vi.n\j/ <\.vi.n\.j\> masc.
.immodesty.
A=kt /\.\k.t\/ <\.\.kt\> adj. . weak.

As&~y /\.s\.kj\/ <\.s\~.khj\> adj.

innumerable.
As&toq /\.s\n.to/ <\.s\~.to.s\> masc. .
dissatisfaction.
As&-v /\.s\m.b\v/ <\.s\~.bh\.v\> adj.
.impossible.
As&mt /\.s\m.m\t/ <\.s\~.m\.t\> adj.
.disagreeing.
As&SkarI /\.sams.ka.ri/ <\.s\~.ska.rii>
adj. . uncivilized.

A=a&t /\.a~n.t\/ <\.a~.t\> adj. . troubled.

Asa)y /\.sa.dj\/ <\.sa.dhj\> adj. .

incurable.

A=u)0 /\.ud.d\/ <\.u.dhdh\> adj. .

impure.

Asur /\.sur/ <\.suu.r\> masc. . demon.

A=u- /\.ub/ <\.u.bh\> adj.

inauspicious.

AiS9r /\.sti.r\/ <\.sthi.r\> adj. .

unstable.

Aqa6 /\.a/ <\.sa.\> masc. ninth

month of the Vikram era.

ASpQ4 /\.sp\.\/ <\.sp\.s\> adj. .

vague.

AsTy /\.s\t.j\/ <\.s\.tj\> neut. .1. false,

2. untrue.

ASvC2 /\.sv\c.c\/ <\.sv\.cch\> adj. .

impure.

Asr /\.s\r/ <\.s\.r\> fem. .effect.

ASvS9 /\.sv\s.t\/ <\.sv\.sth\> adj.

1.restless 2. sick.

Asl /\.s\l/ <\.s\.l\> adj. .original.

Ashkar /\.s\h.kar/ <\.s\.h\.ka.r\>
masc. .
non-co-operation.
Ashay /\.s\.haj/ <\.s\.ha.j\> adj. .
helpless.
As /\.s\h.j\/ <\.s\.hj\> adj. .
unbearable.

ASva-aivk /\.sva.ba.vi.k\/
<\.sva.bha.vi.k\> adj. . unnatural.
ASvIkar /\.svi.kar/ <\.svii.ka.r\> masc.
1.rejection 2. denial.
Aih&sk /\.him.s\k/ <\.hi~.s\.k\> adj. .
non-violent.

20
Aihsa /\.him.sa/ <\.hi~.sa> fem. . nonvilence.

A&tr /\n.t\r/ <\~.nt\.r\> neut. .1.the

heart 2. the mind. [an abstract notion that
refers to ones conscience.]

AhI& /\.hi~/ <\.hi~> advb. . here.

A&itm /\n.tim/ <\~.ti.m\> adj. . last.
AhI&ya& /\.hi~.ja~/ <\.hi~.ja~> advb. .same as
AhI&.
Ahoho /\.ho.ho/ <\.ho.ho> excl.. an
exclamation expressing surprise.
AX`am8u& /\.kam.u~/ <\.\.kha.m\.u~>
adj. .1. unfavorable 2. disagreeable.
AXgu& /\.gu~/ <\.\.gu~> adj. .1.detached
2. uncommon.
A&kur /\.ku.r\/ <\~.ku.r\> masc. .1. a
sprout 2. an offshoot.
A&g /\.g\/ <\~.g\> neut. . the body.
A&grxk /\.g\.r\k.\.k\/
<\~.g\.r\.k\.k\> masc. .a body-guard.
A&gU5I /\.gu.i/ <\~.guu.hii> fem. . a
finger ring.
A&gU5o /\.gu.o/ <\~.gu.ho> masc. .a
thumb.
A&g/ej /\.g\.re/ <\~.gre.\> masc. . an
Englishman.

A&te /\n.te/ <\~.te> advb. .1. finally 2. at

last.
A&dr /\n.d\r/ <\~.d\.r\> postp. .1. in 2.
within 3. inside 4. into.
A&daj /\n.da/ <\~.da.\> masc. . an
estimate.
A&0a0U&0I /\n.da.du~n.di/
<\~.dha.dhuu~.dhii> fem. . chaos.
A&0apo /\n.da.po/ <\~.dha.po> masc. .
blindness.
A&0arIyu& /\n.da.ri.ju~/ <\~.dha.rii.ju~> neut.
. the dark half of a lunar month.
A&0aru& /\n.da.ru~/ <\~.dha.ri.ju~> neut. .
darkness.
A&bo6o /\m.bo.o/ <\~.bo.o> masc. . a
knot of plaited hair of a woman.
A&= /\m/ <\~.\> masc. .a part, a section

Aa

A&g/e@ /\.g\.re.i/ <\~.gre.ii> fem.

.English.

Aa /a/ <a> proun.. this.

A&t /\n.t\/ <\~.t\> masc. . an end.

Aakar /a.kar/ <a.ka.r\> masc. .1. shape

2. form.

A&tr /\n.t\r/ <\~.t\.r\> neut. . distance.

Aaka= /a.ka/ <a.ka.\> neut. . sky.

Aaka&xa /a.ka~.ka/ <a.ka~.ka> fem. .
desire.

21

Aak<it /ak.ru.ti/ <a.kru.ti> fem. . a

diagram.

Aacrkucr /a.c\r ku.c\r/ neut.

.miscellaneous food or household
articles.

Aak/m8 /ak.r\.m\/ <a.kr\.m\.\> neut.

. an attack.

Aacar /a.c\r/ <a.ca.r\> masc. .behavior.

Aaxep /ak.ep/ <a.ke.p\> masc.

.accusation.

AacayR /a.car.j\/ <a.ca.rj\> masc. 1. a

principal 2. a spritual leader. (Honorific)

Aa`re /a.k\.re/ <a.kh\.re> advb.

.finally.

Aa2u& /a.cu~/ <a.chu~> adj. dim.

Aaj /a/ <a.\> fem. today.

Aa`lo /ak.lo/ <a.kh\.lo> masc. . a bull.

Aag /ag/ <a.g\> fem. . fire.

Aa@@ /a.i.i/ <a.ii.ii> fem. an humble

request.

Aagbo4 /ag.bo/ <a.g\.bo.\> fem. a

steamer.

Aa@vn /a.i.v\n/ <a.ii.v\.n\> adj. .

lifelong.

Aagm /a.g\m/ <a.g\.m\> masc.

religious texts of the Jains.

Aaju baju /a.u ba.u/ <a.u.ba.u> adv.

around.

Aaglu& /ag.lu~/ <a.g\.lu~> adj. . previous.

Aa4lu& /a.lu~/ <a.\.lu~> adj. .this much.

AagX /a.g\/ <a.g\.\> advb. .1. in front

of 2. in future.

Aa4o /a.o/ <a.o> masc. . flour.

Aa5 /a/ <a.h\> adj. . eight.

AagamI /a.ga.mi/ <a.ga.mii> advb.

1.ensuing 2. forthcoming.
AagahI /a.ga.hi/ <a.gaa.hii> fem. .a
prediction.
Aaigyo /a.gi.jo/ <a.gi.jo> masc. . 1. a fire
fly, 2. a glowworm, 3. a lightning bug.
Aag/h /ag.r\.h\/ <a.gr\.h\> masc. .a
strong request.

Aa5m /a.\m/ <a.h\.m\> fem. . the

eighth day of bright or dark half of the
Hindu month.
Aa68I /a.i/ <a.\.ii> fem. . a wooden
round stood to shape rotali or puri .
Aa6{aIs /a.\t.ris/ <a.\.trii.s\> adj. .
thirty eight.
Aa6u& /a.u~/ <a.u~> adj. . crosswise.

Aa3at /a.gat/ <a.gha.t\> masc. a shock.

Aa3u& /a.gu~/ <a.ghu~> advb. . distant.

Aa6o=pa6o= /a.o.pa.o/
<a.o.\.pa.o.\> masc. neighbours.

22

Aa8vu& /a.vu~/ <a.\.vu~> v.tr. .1. to fetch

2. to bring.
Aa8u& /a.u~/ <a.u~> neut. .
AaTma /at.ma/ <a.tma> masc. . soul.

Aan&d /a.n\n.d\/ <a.n\~.d\> masc. .1.

pleasure 2. joy.
AanakanI /a.na.ka.ni/ <a.na.ka.ni> fem.
1.hesitation 2. indecision.
Aap8e /ap.e/ <a.p\.e> pron.. we
(inclusive).

Aa9m8u& /a.t\m.u~/ <a.th\.m\.u~> adj. .

western.

Aapi]a /a.p\t.ti/ <a.p\.e> fem. . trouble.

Aa9mvu& /a.t\m.vu~/ <a.th\.m\.vu~> v.intr

.to set.

AapmeXe /ap.me.e/ <a.p\.me.e> advb. .

atomatically.

Aadr /a.d\r/ <a.d\.r\> masc. .respect.

Aaple /ap.le/ <a.p\.le> fem. . give and

take.

Aad=R /a.d\r.\/ <a.d\.r\> adj. . ideal.

Aada=I=I /a.da.i.i/ <a.da.ii.ii> fem. .
migraine.

AapvItI /ap.vi.ti/ <a.p\.vii.tii> fem. .1.

autobiography 2. good and bad events of
life.

Aaid /a.di/ <a.di> adj. first.

Aapvu& /ap.vu~/ <a.p\.vu~> v.tr. . to give.

Aaid /a.di/ <a.di> advb. . etc.

AapoAap /a.po.ap/ <a.po.a.p\> advb. .

automatically.

AaidvasI /a.di.va.si/ <a.di.va.sii> masc.

.1. aboriginal, 2. tribal.
Aadu& /a.du~/ <a.du~> neut. .green ginger.

Aafro /ap.ro/ <a.ph\.ro> masc. . gas

due to indigestion.

Aade= /a.de/ <a.de.\> masc. . an order.

AafUs /a.pu:s/ <a.phuu.s\> fem. . a

kind of mango.

Aa0ar /a.dar/ <a.dha.r\> masc. .1. a

support 2. an evidence.

Aab /ab.ru/ <a.b\.ruu> fem.

.reputation.

Aa0uink /a.du.nik/ <a.dhu.ni.k\> adj. .

modern.

AabehUb /a.be.hub/ <a.be.hu.b\> adj. .

exact.

Aa0e6 /a.de/ <a.dhe.\> adj. . elderly.

Aabohva /a.bo.h\.va/ <a.bo.h\.va> fem. .

climate.

Aa)yaiTmk /a.djat.mik/ <a.dhja.tmi.k\>

adj. spiritual.

Aa- /ab/ <a.bh\> neut. . sky.

23
Aa-ar /a.bar/ <a.bha.r\> masc. .
thanks.
Aa-as /a.bas/ <a.bha.s\> masc.
.illusion.
Aa-Uq8 /a.bu.\/ <a.bhu.s\.\> neut. .
ornaments.
Aam /am/ <a.m\> advb. .in this manner.
Aamjnta /am.\n.ta/ <a.m\.\.n\.ta>
adj. .1. the common people, 2. laymen.

Aam&{a8 pi{aka /a.m\n.tr\ p\.tri.ka/

<a.m\.ntr\.\ p\.tri.ka> fem. .an
invitation letter.
Aayno /aj.no/ <a.j\.no> masc. . a mirror.
Aaya. /a.ja/ <a.ja> fem. . a maid servent.
Aayat /a.jat/ fem. . import.
Aayojn /a.jo.\n/ <a.ja.t\> neut. .
management.

Aam8e /am.e/ <a.m\.e> pron.. these

persons.

AartI /ar.ti/ <a.r\.tii> fem. .1. a sacred

lamp 2. a religious prayer sung with a
sacred lamp.

Aamtem /am.tem/ <a.m\.te.m\> advb.

.here and there.

Aarpar /ar.par/ <a.r\.pa.r\> advb. .

through one end to another.

Aam9I /am.ti/ <a.m\.thii> advb. .from

this side.

Aar&- /a.r\m.b\/ <a.r\~.bh\> masc. .

beginning.
Aaram /a.ram/ <a.ra.m\> masc. . rest.

AamdanI /am.da.ni/ <a.m\.da.nii> fem.

.income.
AamNya /amn.ja/ <a.m\.nja> fem. .
respect for the elders.
Aamr8 /a.m\.r\/ <a.m\.r\.\> advb. .
till the end of life.
AamlI /am.li/ <a.m\.lii> fem. .the
tamrid tree.
AamXvu& /a.m\.vu~/ <a.m\.\.vu~> v.tr. . to
twist together.
Aam&{a8 /a.m\n.tr\/ <a.m\.ntr\.\>
neut. an invitation.

AaroGy /a.rog.j\/ <a.ro.gj\> neut. .

health.
Aarop /a.rop/ <a.ro.p\> masc. .
accusation.
Aalvu& /al.vu~/ <a.l\.vu~> v.tr. .to give.
Aavk /a.v\k/ <a.v\.k\> fem. income.
Aavkar /av.kar/ <a.v\.ka.r\> masc. .
welcome.
Aav6t /av.\t/ <a.v\.\.t\> fem. . a
skill.
Aav6vu& /a.v\.vu~/ <a.v\.\.vu~> v.exp..
to
know.

24

Aav6u& /av.u~/ <a.v\.u~> adj. . of this

size.

Aasn /a.s\n/ <a.s\.n\> neut. . a seat

(formal).

Aavrda /a.v\r.da/ <a.v\.r\.da> fem.

.life-span.

Aas pas /as.pas/ <a.s\.pa.s\> advb.

around.

Aavvu& /av.vu~/ <a.v\.vu~> v.intr. to come.

Aasman /as.man/ <a.s\.ma.n\> neut. .

the sky.

Aavu& /a.vu~/ <a.vu~> advb. .of this kind.

AaiStk /as.ti.k\/ <a.sti.k\> adj. . theistic.
Aaveg /a.veg/ <a.ve.g\> masc. . an
excitement.
Aave= /a.ve/ <a.ve.\> masc. . an
emotional excitement.
Aa=y /a.\j/ <a.\.j\> masc. . an
intention.
Aa=re /a.re/ <a.\.re> advb. .1. about 2.
approximately 3. roughly.

Aaso /a.so/ <a.so> masc. . the last month

of Hindu calander.
AaS9a /as.ta/ <a.stha> fem. .1. faith 2.
devotion.
AaSvad /as.va.d\/ <a.sva.d\> masc. .a
tasting.
Aahaha /a.ha.ha/ <a.ha.ha> inter.. an
exclamation signifying surprise.

Aa=ro /a.ro/ <a.\.ro> masc. .shelter.

Aa=a /a.a/ <a.a> fem. . hope.

Aahar /a.har/ <a.ha.r\> masc. . food

(formal).

Aa=a7 /a.a/ <a.a.h\> masc. . the

nine month of the Hindu calendar.

AahIr /a.hir/ <a.hii.r\> masc. . a

shepherd community.

Aai=q /a.i/ <a.i.s\> fem. . a blessing.

Aahuit /a.hu.ti/ <a.huu.ti> fem. .1. an

offering 2. a sacrifice.

Aai=vaRd /a.ir.vad/ <a.i.rva.d\> masc.

a blessing. (honorific)

AaXs /a.\s/ <a.\.s\> fem. .laziness.

AayR /a.c\r.j\/ <a.c\.rj\> neut. . a

surprise.

AaXo4vu& /a.o.vu~/ <a.o.\.vu~> v.intr. . to

wallow.

Aa[am /a.r\m/ <a.r\.m\> masc. .a

hermitage.

Aa&k /a~k/ <a~.k\> masc. . tables of

multiplications.

Aaasn /a.va.s\n/ <a.va.\.n\> masc.

. consolation.

Aa&k6a=aS{a /a~k.a.a.tr\/
<a~.k\.a.a.str\> neut. . statistics.

25

Aa&k6o /a~k.o/ <a~.k\.o> masc. .1. a

number 2. a number-sign.
Aa&kvu& /a~k.vu~/ <a~.k\.vu~> v.tr. . to
estimate a price.
Aa&` /a~k/ <a~.kh\> fem. . an eye.
Aa&g8u& /a~g.u~/ <a~.g\.u~> neut. . open
space in front of a house.
Aa&gXIyat /a~.g\.i.jat/ <a~.g\.i.ja.t\> adj. .
a child of the former husband of a
remarried woman.
Aa&ckvu& /a~.c\k.vu~/ <a~.c\.k\.vu~> v.tr. . to
snatch forcfully.
Aa&ckI /a~c.ki/ <a~.c\.kii> fem. .hiccup.
Aa&cko /a~c.ko/ <a~.c\.ko> masc. . a jerk.
Aa&jvu& /a~.vu~/ <a~.\.vu~> v.tr. . to anoint
eyes with collyrium.
Aa&tr6u& /a~.t\r.u~/ <a~.t\.r\.u~> neut. .
intestine.
Aa&trraiQ4^y /a~n.t\r. ra.ri.ja/
<a~.t\.r\.ra.sri.j\> adj. . international.
Aa&trvu& /a~.t\r.vu~/ <a~.t\.r\.vu~> v.tr. .to
block.
Aa&trIk /a~t.rik/ <a~.t\.rii.k\> adj. .
internal.
Aa&doln /a~n.do.l\n/ <a~.do.l\.n\> neut. .
agitation.
Aa&08 /a~.d\/ <a~.dh\.\> neut. . water
boild for cooking food.

Aa&bo /a~.bo/ <a~.bo> masc. . a mango tree.

Aa&su& u/a~.su~/ <a~.su~> neut. . a tear.

;
;C2vu& /ic.c\.vu~/ <i.cch\.vu~> v.tr. . to
wish.
;C2a /ic.ca/ <i.ccha> fem. .1. desire 2.
wish.
;jner /i.ner/ <i.\.ne.r\> masc. . an
engineer.
;jaro /i.a.ro/ <i.a.ro> masc.
.monopoly.
;jjt /i.\t/ <i.\.t\> fem. .1. reputation
2. a womans chasity.
;5\5oter /i.o.ter/ <i.hho.te.r\> adj. .
seventy eight.
;5\yasI /i.ja.si/ <i.hja.sii> adj. . eighty
eight.
;tr /i.t\r/ <i.t\.r\> adj. . another.
;ithas /i.ti.has/ <i.ti.ha.s\> masc.
.history.
;nam /i.nam/ <i.na.m\> neut. .1. a gift
2. a present 3. a prize.
;mam /i:.mam/ <i.ma.m\> masc. . the
chief prise of Muslims (honorific).
;mart /i:.ma.r\t/ <i.ma.r\.t\> fem. . a
big building.

26
;yX /i:.j\/ <i.j\.\> fem. . a kind of
worm.

;laj /i:.la/ <i.la.\> masc. .a cure.

wkr6o /u.k\r.o/ <u.k\.r\.o> masc. .a

dunghill.

;laycI /i:.la.j\.ci/ <i.la.j\.cii> fem.

.cardamom.
;+k /i:.k\/ <i.k\> masc. . love.
;iSptal /i:s.pi.tal/ <i.spi.ta.l\> fem. . a
hospital.

wkXvu& /u.k\.vu~/ <u.k\.\.vu~> v.intr. . to

boil.
wkXa4 /uk.a/ <u.k\.a.\> masc. .
uneasiness and perspiration caused by
heat.

;Slam /is.lam/ <i.sla.m\> masc. . Islam.

wkaXvu& /u.ka.vu~/ <u.ka.\.vu~> v.tr. .to

make something boiled.

;NIy /in.dri.j\/ <i.ndrii.j\> fem. . a

sense.

wkel /u.kel/ <u.ke.l\> masc. . a solution.

wkelvu& /u.kel.vu~/ <u.ke.l\.vu~> v.tr. .to

read (in the sense of deciphering).

:ja /i.a/ <ii.a> fem. .injury.

wkelvu& /u.kel.vu~/ <u.ke.l\.vu~> v.tr. .to

solve.

:6lI /i.li/ <ii.\.lii> fem. . a South

Indian food dish.

wkelvu& /u.kel.vu~/ <u.ke.l\.vu~> v.tr. . to

untwined.

:d /id/ <ii.d\> fem. . a festival of

Muslims.

w`a8u& /u.ka.u~/ <u.kha.u~> neut. . a

riddle.

:d6u& /id.u~/ <ii.d\.u~> neut. . a food

item made out of fermented flour.

wgamvu& /u.gam.vu~/ <u.ga.m\.vu~> v.tr. .

to raise something to strike.

:=an /i.an/ <ii.a.n\> fem. .north-east.

w3ra8I /ug.ra.i/ <u.g\.ra.ii> fem. .

collection of money due from.

:r /i.v\r/ <ii.v\.r\> masc. .god.

:sa: /i.sa.i/ <ii.sa.ii> masc. a
Christian.
:&4 /i/ <ii~.\> fem. .a brick.
:&6u& /i~.du~/ <ii~.u~> neut. . an egg.

w3ravvu& /ug.rav.vu~/ <u.gh\.ra.v\.vu~>

v.tr. .to collect money by contribution.
wca4 /u.ca/ <u.ca.\> masc. .
restlessness.
wcapt /u.ca.p\t/ <u.ca.p\.t\> fem. .
misappropriation.

27
wCcar /uc.car/ <u.cca.r\> masc. .
pronunciation.

w6avvu& /u.av.vu~/ <u.a.v\.a.v\.vu~>

v.tr. . to use up.

wCcarvu& /u.ccar.vu~/ <u.cca.r\.vu~> v.tr. .

to pronounce.

wtarvu& /u.tar.vu~/ <u.ta.r\.vu~> v.tr. . to

unload. See wtrvu&

wC2vas /uc.c\.vas/ <u.cch\.va.s\>

masc. . exhaling.

wtarvu& /u.tar.vu~/ <u.ta.r\.vu~> v.tr. .to

make a copy.

w2Xvu& /u.c\.vu~/ <u.ch\.\.vu~> v.intr.

1. to jump, 2. to be tossed.

wtaru& /u.ta.ru~/ <u.ta.ru~> masc. . a

passenger.

w2aXvu& /u.ca.vu~/ <u.cha.\.vu~> v.tr. .

to toss up.

wtaro /u.ta.ro/ <u.ta.ro> masc. .1. an

inn. 2. a lodging house.

w2ervu& /u.cer.vu~/ <u.che.r\.vu~> v.tr. . to

raise.

wtaro /u.ta.ro/ <u.ta.ro> masc. .1. a

copy. 2. a transcript.

wjagro /u.ag.ro/ <u.a.g\.ro> masc. .

abstinence from sleep.

wtavX /u.ta.v\/ <u.ta.v\.\> fem. .

haste.

wja8I /u.a.i/ <u.a.ii> fem. a picnic.

w]am /ut.t\m/ <u.tt\.m\> adj. . the best.

wjj6 /u.\/ <u.\.\> adj. barren

(land)

w]ar /ut.t\r/ <u.tt\.r\> masc. . an

answer.

w5m8u& /u.\m.u~/ <u.h\.m\.u~> neut.

a ritual performed after death.

w]ar /ut.t\r/ <u.tt\.r\> masc. the North.

w]aejk /ut.te.\k/ adj. . stimulating.

w5vu& /u.vu~/ <u.h\.vu~> v.intr. . to get

up.
w5a6vu& /u.a.vu~/ <u.ha.\.vu~> v.tr. .
to wake up.
w5a&trI /u.a~n.t\.ri/ <u.ha~.t\.rii> fem. .
a theft.
w6aw /u.a.u/ <u.a.u> adj. .
extravagant.
w6avvu& /u.av.vu~/ <u.a.v\.vu~> v.tr. . to
make something fly.

wTpi]a /ut.p\t.ti/ <u.tte.\.k\> fem. .

production.
wTpadk /ut.pa.d\k/ <u.tpa.d\.k\> masc.
1. a producer. 2. a manufacturer.
wTpadn /ut.pa.d\n/ <u.tpa.d\.n\> neut. .
an act of producing.
wTsv /ut.s\v/ <u.ts\.v\> masc. . a
festival.

28
wTsah /ut.sah/ <u.tsa.h\> masc. .1.
enthusiasm. 2. zeal.

wpcar /up.car/ <u.p\.ca.r\> masc. .1. a

remedy. 2. cure.

w9lavvu& /ut.lav.vu~/ <u.th\.la.v\.vu~>

v.tr. 1. to depose. 2. to over turn. See
w9lvu&

w pjvu& /u.p\.vu~/ <u.p\.\.vu~> v.intr.

.to grow

wdar /u.dar/ <u.da.r\> adj. . generous.

wpjavvu& /up.av.vu~/ <u.p\.a.v\.vu~>

v.tr. to reproduce.

wdas /u.das/ <u.da.s\> adj.

.1.unconcerned. 2. dejected.

wpde= /up.de/ <u.p\.de.\> masc. .

preaching.

wdahr8 /u.da.h\.r\/ <u.da.h\.r\.\>

neut. 1. an example. 2. an illustration.

wpngr /up.n\.g\r/ <u.p\.n\.g\.r\>

neut. . a suburb.

wd\3a4n /ud.ga.\n/ <u.d.gha.\.n\>

neut. . an inauguration.

wpnam /up.nam/ <u.p\.na.m\> neut. . a

nickname.

we= /ud.de.\/ <u.dde.\> masc. . an

intention.

wpyog /up.jog/ <u.p\.jo.g\> masc. . use.

w)0ar /ud.da.r\/ <u.dhdha.r\> masc. .

salvation.
wd\-v /ud.b\.v\/ <u.d.bh\.v\> masc.
.1. birth. 2. creation.
wd\yog /ud.jo.g\/ <u.djo.g\> masc. .1. a
vocation. 2. an industry.
w0rs /ud.r\s/ <u.dh\.r\.s\> fem. .
cough.
w0ar /u.dar/ <u.da.r\> adj. . given or
taken on credit.
wnaXu& /u.na.u~/ <u.na.u~> adj. .
pertaining to summer.
wnaXo /u.na.o/ <u.na.o> masc. .
summer.

wpr /u.p\r/ <u.p\.r\> postp. 1. above.

2. on. 3. over something.
wpra&t /up.ra~t/ <u.p\.ra~.t\> advb. .1.
additionally. 2. besides.
wprI /up.ri/ <u.p\.rii> masc. . a superior
officier.
wpvas /up.vas/ <u.p\.va.s\> masc. . a
fasting.
wps&har /up.sam.har/ <u.p\.s\~.ha.r\>
masc. a summary.
wpa6 /u.pa/ <u.pa.\> masc. .
withdrawal of money.
wpa6vu& /u.pa.vu~/ <u.pa.\.vu~> v.tr. . to
lift.
wpay /u.paj/ <u.pa.j\> masc. . a cure.

wpkar /up.kar/ <u.p\.ka.r\> masc. . an

obligation.

29
wmda /um.da/ adj. . <u.m\.da> 1. best.
2. excellent.

W`6vu& /u.k\.vu~/ <uu.kh\.\.vu~>

v.intr. . to be ripped off.

wmr /u.m\r/ <u.m\.r\> fem. . age.

W`a6vu& /u.ka.vu~/ <uu.ka.\.vu~> v.tr.

.1. to tear off, 2. to dismember.

wmXko /u.m\.ko/ <u.m\.\.ko> masc. .

an outburst of warm feeling.
wm&g /u.m\.g\/ <u.m\~.g\> masc. zeal.
wmervu& /u.mer.vu~/ <u.me.r\.vu~> v.tr. .to
add.
wmero /u.me.ro/ <u.me.ro> masc. . an
addition.
wl4avvu& /ul.av.vu~/ <u.l\.a.v\.vu~> v.tr. .
to turn up side down.
wlecvu& /u.lec.vu~/ <u.le.c\.vu~> v.tr. . to
raise up water.
wLle` /ul.lek/ <u.lle.kh\.vu~> masc. . a
mention.
w+kervu& /u.ker.vu~/ <u.ke.r\.vu~> v.tr. .
to instigate.
w&dr /un.d\r/ masc. .<u~.d\.r\> 1. a rat.
2. a mouse.
w&bro /um.b\.ro/ <u~.b\.ro> masc. the
threshold of a door.

W
WkXvu& /u.k\.vu~/ <uu.k\.\.vu~> v.intr. .
to boil.
WkaXvu& /u.ka.\.vu~/ <u.ka.\.vu~> v.tr.
.to boil.

Wgrvu& /u.g\r.vu~/ <uu.g\.r\.vu~> v.intr. .

to escape.
Wgvu& /ug.vu~/ <uu.g\.vu~> v.intr. . to
grow.
Wgvu& /ug.vu~/ <uu.g\.vu~> v.intr. . to
rise.
Wckvu& /u.c\k.vu~/ <uu.c\.k\.vu~> v.tr. .1.
to life. 2. to raise.
W2rvu& /u.c\r.vu~/ <uu.ch\.r\.vu~> v.intr.
. to be brought up.
Wjvvu& /u.\v.vu~/ <uu.\.v\.vu~> v.tra.
.to celebrate.
WjXu& /u.u~/ <uu.\.u~> adj. .1. bright. 2.
shining.
W5vu& /u.vu~/ <uu.h\.vu~> v.intr. . to
stand up.
W6vu& /u.vu~/ <uu.\.vu~> v.intr. . to fly.
W8p /u.\p/ <uu.\.p\> fem. .a
deficiency.
Wtrvu& /u.t\r.vu~/ <uu.t\.r\.vu~> v.intr. .
to climb down.
W9lvu& /u.t\l.vu~/ <uu.th\.l\.vu~> v.intr. .
to be up-side-down.
W9lo /u.t.lo/ <uu.th\.lo> masc. .1. an
upset. 2. an overturning.

30
W0; /u.d\.i/ <uu.dh\.ii> fem. . a white
ant.
Wn /un/ <uu.n\> neut. . wool.
Wpj /u.p\/ <uu.p\.\> fem. .1. a farm
product. 2. an income.
Wp6vu& /u.p\.vu~/ <uu.p\.\.vu~> v.intr.
.1. to be lifted. 2. to set out a journey.
W-aW- /u.ba.ub/ <uu.bha.uu.bh\>
advb.
hurriedly.
W-u& /u.bu~/ <uu.bhu~> adj. . standing
upright.
Wl4I /ul.ti/ <uu.l\.ii> fem. . vomiting.
Wl4u& /ul.u~/ <uu.l\.u~> adj. .1. opposite.
2. contrary.
WlXvu& /u.l\.vu~/ <uu.l\.\.vu~> v.intr. .
to be bumped.
Whapoh /u.ha.poh/ <uu.ha.po.h\> masc.
. uproar.
W&3 /u~.g\/ <uu~.gh\> fem. . sleep.
W&ckvu& /u~.c\k.vu~/ <uu.c\.k\.vu~> v.tr.
.to lift up.

W&0Iyu& /u~n.di.ju~/ <uu~.dhii.ju~> neut. . a

food made of vegetables, various types
of beans, roots and etc. Popular in South
Gujarat.
W&0u& /u~n.du~/ <uu.dhu~> adj. . bottom
upward.

ju /ru.u/ adj. . <ru.u> 1.soft. 2.

gentle.
8 /ru/ <ru.\> neut. . a debt.
tu /ru.tu/ <ru.tu> fem. . a season.
iq /ru.i/ <ru.si> masc. . a sage.

Ae
Ae /e/ <e> adj. .that.
Aek /ek/ <e.k\> adj. .one.1.
Aek4a8u& /ek.a.u~/ <e.k\.a.u~> neut. . a
kind of fasting in which a person eats
only once a day.
Aek6o /ek.o/ <e.k\.o> masc. . the sign
of number 1.
Aekta /ek.ta/ <e.k\.ta> fem. . unity.

W&ca; /u~.cai/ <uu~.ca.ii> fem. . height.

W&cu& /u~.cu~/ <uu~.cu~> adj. . high.
W&4 /u~/ <uu~.\> neut. . a camel..
W&6a; /un.a.i/ <uu~.a.ii> fem. . depth.
W&6u& /u~.u~/ <uu~.u~> adj. . deep.

AektaXIs /ek.ta.is/ <e.k\.ta.i.s\> adj. .

forty one.
Aek{aIs /e.k\.tris/ <e.k\.trii.s\> adj. .
thirty one.
Aekdm /ek.d\m/ <e.k\.d\.m\> advb. . at
once.

31

Aek0aru& /ek.da.ru~/ <e.k.dha.ru~> adj. .1.

constant. 2. incessant.
AekpxI /ek.p\.ki/ <e.k\.p\.kii> adj. .
one sided.
AekpiTn]v /ek.p\t.nit.v\/
<e.k\.p\.tni.ttv\> neut. monogamy.
Aekm /e.k\m/ <e.k\.m\> fem. . fist day
of bright or dark half of Hindu month.
Aekma{a /ek.mat.r\/ <e.k\.ma.tr\> adj. .
the only one of a type.

Aeks5 /ek.s\/ <e.k\.vi.s\> adj. . sixty

one.
Aeksr`u& /ek.s\r.ku~/ <e.k\.s\.r\.khu~>
adj. . uniform.
Aek&dr /ekn.d\r/ <e.k\~.d\.r\> advb. .
totally.
AekaAek /e.ka.ek/ <e.ka.e.k\> advb. .
suddenly.
Aeka8u& /e.ka.u~/ <e.ka.u~> adj. . ninety
one.

Aekmek /ek.mek/ <e.k\.me.k\> advb. .

mutually.

Aekad=I /e.ka.d\.i/ <e.ka.d\.ii> fem. .

the eleventh day of dark or bright half of
a Hindu month.

Aekrag /ek.rag/ masc. . <e.k\.ra.g\> 1.

unity. 2. harmony.

Aeka=I /e.ka.i/ <e.ka.ii> adj. . eighty

one.

Aekp /ek.rup/ <e.k\.ruu.p\> adj. . of

similar form.

Aeka&kI /e.ka~.ki/ <e.ka~.kii> adj. . one act

play.

Aekl dokl /e.k\l do.k\l/

<e.k\.l\.do.k\.l\> adj. . lonely.

Aeka&t /e.ka~n.t\/ <e.ka~.t\> neut. . lonely.

Aeklpe4u& /e.k\l.pe.u~/ <e.k\.l\./pe.u~>

adj. . selfish.
Aeklvayu& /e.k\l.va.ju~/ <e.k\.l\.va.ju~> adj.
. lonely.
Aekvgu& /ek.v\.gu~/ <e.k\.v\.gu~> adj. . all
together.
Aekvcn /ek.v\.c\n/ <e.k\.v.c\.n\> neut.
. singular.
AekvIs /ek.vis/ <e.k\.vi.s\> adj. . twenty
one.

AekI sa9e /e.ki sa.te/ <e.kii.sa.the> advb.

. all at atime.
Aekek /ek.kek/ <e.ke.k\> advb. . one by
one.
Aekotr /e.ko.t\r/ <e.ko.t\.r\> adj. .
seventy one.
Aekya=I /e.kja.i/ <e.kja.i> adj. . eighty
one.
Ae4le /e.le/ <e.\.le> advb. . therefore.
Ae5u& /.u~/ <e.thu~> neut. . the left over
food.

32
Ae6I /e.i/ <e.ii> fem. . heel.

seventy nine.

AelcI /el.ci/ <e.l\.cii> fem. . cardamom.

Aog8Is /og.is/ <o.g\.i.s\> adj.

.nineteen.

AelcI /el.ci/ <e.l\.cii> masc. . an

ambassador. (honorific)
Aev6u& /ev.u~/ <e.v\.u~> advb. . of that
size.
Aevu& /e.vu~/ <e.vu~> advb. . of that
manner.
Aevama& /e.va.ma~/ <e.va.ma~> advb. . in
the mean time.
Ae= // <e.\> masc. .enjoyment.
.

AE
AEravt /\i.ra.v\t/ <\i.ra.v\.t\> masc. .
Indras elephant (with seven trunks).
AEyR /\i.v\.rj\/ <\i.v\.rj\> neut.
godliness.

Ao
Aog8calIs /o.g\.ca.lis/
<o.g\.\.ca.lii.s\> adj. . thirty nine.
Aog8{aIs /o.g\.tris/ <o.g\.\.tri.s\>
adj.
.twenty nine.
Aog8pcas /o.g\.p\.cas/
<o.g\.\.p.ca.s\> adj. .forty nine.
Aog8sa;5 /o.g\. sa.i/
<o.g\.\.sa.i.h\> adj. .fifty nine.
Aog*yaAe&=I./og.ja. ~i/ <o.g\.ja.e.ii>
adj.

AoXgvu& /.g\.vu~/ <o.g\.\.vu~> v.intr ..to

melt.
AoicNtu& /.cin.tu~/ <o.ci.ntu~> advb. .
suddenly.
AoC2v /oc.c\v/ <o.cch\.v\> masc. . a
festival.
Ao2abolu& /o.ca.bo.lu~/ <o.cha.bo.lu~> adj.
. reserved.
Ao2u& /o.cu~/ <o.chu~> adj. . less than
necessary.
Aojar /o.ar/ <o.a.r\> neut. . an
instrument.
Ao4 /o/ <o.\> masc. . an ebb.
Ao4lo /o.lo/ <o.\.lo> masc. . a raised
platform adjoining the outer wall of a
building.
Ao4vu& /o.vu~/ <o.\.vu~> v.tran.. to hem.
Ao7vu& /o.vu~/ <o.h\.vu~> v.tr. .1. to
wrap over the body. 2. to wear a sari.
Aor6o /or.o/ <o.r\.o> masc. . a room.
Aorvu& /or.vu~/ <o.r\.vu~> v.tr. . to sow
seeds.
AorI /o.ri/ <o.rii> fem. .1. small-pox 2.
measles.
Aolvvu& /o.l\v.vu~/ <o.l\.v\.vu~> v.tr. . to
extinguish.

33
AosrI /os.ri/ <o.s\.rii> fem. . the front
open part of a house.

kcrape4I /k\c.ra pe.i/ <k\.c\.ra.pe.ii>

fem. a dust bin.

Ao=Iku& /o.i.ku~/ <o.ii.ku~> neut. . a

pillow.

kcro /k\c.ro/ <k\.c\.ro> masc. .

garbage.

AoX` /o.\k/ <o.\.kh\> fem. . idenitity.

kcva4 /k\c.va/ <k\.c\.va.\> masc. .1.

grumbling. 2. dissatisfaction.

AoXvu& /o.vu~/ <o.\.vu~> v.tr. . to comb

(hair).
AoX&gvu& /o.\.g\.vu~/ <o.\~.g\.vu~> v.tr. .
to cross over.

AO
AOicTy /\u.ci.tj\/ <au.ci.tj\> adj. .
appropriateness.
AOdICy /\u.di.cj\/ <\u.dii.cj\> masc. . a
sub-caste of Brahmin
AOpcarRIk /\up.ca.rik/ <\u.p\.ca.rii.k\>
adj. . formal.
AOq0 /\u.\d/ <\u.s\.dh\> neut. a
medicine.
Aod\yoigk /\u.djo.gik/ <\u.djo.gi.k\>
adj. . industial.

kca= /k\.ca/ <k\.ca.\> fem.

1.unripenness. 2. imperfection. 3.
deficiency.
kcu&br /k\.cum.b\r/ <k\.cu~,b\.r\> neut.
raw vegetables cut into pieces.
kcorI /k\.co.ri/ <k\.co.rii> fem. . a type
of food.
kijya`or /k\.i.ja.kor/ <k\.i.ja.kho.r\>
adj. quarrelsome.
kjo6u& /k\.o.u~/ <k\.o.u~> neut. . an
unfit match.
k4ko /k\.ko/ <k\.\.ko> masc. . a piece.
k4ok4I /k\.o.k\.i/ <k\.o.k\.ii> fem. . a
crisis.
k4oro /k\.o.ro/ <k\.o.ro> masc. . a
bowl.
k58 /k\.\/ <k\.h\.\> adj. . hard.

kk\ko /k\k.ko/ <k\.kko> masc. .

alphabet.

k5In /k\.in/ <k\.hii.n\> adj. .

difficult.

kckc /k\c. k\c/ <k\.c\.k\.c\> fem. .1. a

boring talk. 2. a quarrel.

ki5yaro /k\.i.ja.ro/ <k\.hi.ja.ro> masc.

.a woodcutter.

kc6vu& /k\.c\.vu~/ <k\.c\.\.vu~> v.tr. to

trample.

k5e6o /k\.e.o/ <k\.he.o> masc. . a

railing.

34
k5or /k\.or/ <k\.ho.r\> adj. . harsh.

kdpu& /k\d.ru.pu~/ <k\.d\.ruu.pu~> adj. .

ugly.

k5oX /k\.o/ <k\.ho.\> neut. . pulses.

k6ko /k\.ko/ <k\.\.ko> masc. .1.a
piece
2. penniless.
k6vu& /k\.vu~/ <k\.\.vu~> adj. . bitter in
taste.

kdavr /k\.da.v\r/ <k\.da.v\.r\> adj.

.huge.
kn6gt /k\.n\.g\t/ <k\.n\.\.g\.t\>
fem. . harassment.
kNya /k\n.ja/ <k\.nja> fem. .1. an
unmarried girl. 2. Virgo.

k6akU4 /k\.a.ku/ <k\.a.kuu.\> fem. .

unnecessary botheration.

kp4 /k\.p\/ <k\.p\.\> neut. . deceit.

k6Iyo /k\.i.jo/ <k\.ii.jo> masc. .1. a

mason 2. a brick-layer

kp6a&l]aa& /k\p.a~.l\t.ta~/ <k\.p\.a~.l\.tta~>

neut. pl.. clothes.

k6I /k\.i/ <k\.ii> fem. .1. a hook 2. an

earring.

kp6u& /k\p.u~/ <k\.p\.u~> neut. . cloth.

kpru& /k\p.ru~/ <k\.p\.ru~> adj. . tough.

k6u& /k\.u~/ <k\.u~> neut. . an armlet.

k7&gu& /k\.\.gu/ <k\.h\~.gu~> adj. .1.
clumsy 2. awkward in shape.
k7I /k\.i/ <k\.hii> fem. .a food item.
k8 /k\/ <k\.\> masc. a grain.
k8svu& /k\.\s.vu~/ <k\.\.s\.vu~> v.intr.
. to groan.
k9Xvu& /k\.t\.vu~/ <k\.th\.\.vu~> v.intr.
.to deteriorate.

kpaX /k\.pa/ <k\.pa.\> neut. . the

forehead.
kpas /k\.pas/ <k\.pa.s\> masc. . a
cotton plant.
kpoX /k\.po/ <k\.po.\> adj. . a sub
caste in Bania community.
kf /k\p/ <k\.ph\> masc. .cough.
kb@yat /k\.b\.i.jat/ <k\.b\.ii.ja.t\>
masc.
constipation.

k9a /k\.ta/ <k\.tha> fem. . a stroy.

k9akar /k\.ta.kar/ <k\.tha.ka.r\> masc.
. a story teller.

kbjo /k\b.o/ <k\.b\.o> masc. . a

blouse.
kbr /k\.b\r/ <k\.b\.r\> fem. . a grave.

kd /k\d/ <k\.d\> neut. . size.

kba4 /k\.ba/ neut. . a cup-board.

35
kbUtr /k\.bu.t\r/ <k\.buu.t\.r\> neut. .
a pigeon.
kmnsIb /k\m.n\.sib/ <k\.m\.n\.sii.b\>
adj. . unfortunate.

kra /k\.ra/ <k\.ra> masc. pl..1. hailstones.

krar /k\.rar/ <k\.ra.r\> masc. . a written
agreement.

kmr /k\.m\r/ <k\.m\.r\> fem. . a waist.

kmX /k\.m\/ <k\.m\.\> neut. . a lotus.
kmXo /k\m.o/ <k\.m\.o> masc. .
jaundice.
kma; /k\.ma.i/ <k\.ma.ii> fem. .
earnings.
kmavu& /l\.ma.vu~/ <k\.ma.vu~> v.intr. . to
earn.

kirya8u& /k\.ri.ja.u~/ <k\.ri.ja.u~> neut. .

grocery.
kiryavr /k\.ri.ja.v\r/ <k\.ri.ja.v\.r\>
neut. . a brides fathers gift to
bridegroom and his relatives.
kru8 /k\.ru/ <k\.ru.\> adj. .1.
pathetic 2. tragic.
kru8a /k\.ru.a/ <k\.ru.a> fem. .
kindness.

kmurt /k\.mu.r\t/ <k\.mu.r\.t\> neut.

inauspicious time or hour.

kp /k\.rup/ <k\.ruu.p\> adj. . ugly.

kmot /k\.mot/ <k\.mo.t\> neut. .

unnatural death.

kro6 /k\.ro/ <k\.ro.\> adj. . ten

millions.

kmosm /k\.mo.s\m/ <k\.mo.s\.m\>

fem. .1. bad weather. 2. untimely.

kro6 /k\.ro/ <k\.ro.\> fem. . a spine.

krksr /k\r.k\.s\r/ <k\.r\.k\.s\.r\> fem.

. economy.
krgrvu& /k\r.g\r.vu~/ <k\.r\.g\.r\.vu~>
v.intr. . to request humbly.
krclo /k\.r\c.lo/ <k\.r\.c\.lo> masc. . a
crab.

kro6rjju /k\.ro.r\.u/ <k\.ro.\.r\.u>

fem. . the spinal cord.
kroiXyo /k\.ro.i.jo/ <k\.ro.i.jo> masc. .
a spider.
kl&k /k\.l\nk/ <k\.l\~.k\> neut. .1. a blot
2. a blemish.
kla /k\.la/ <k\.la> fem. . art.

krj /k\.r\/ <k\.r\.\> neut. . a debt.

klak /k\.lak/ <k\.la.k\> masc. . an hour.
krmavu& /k\r.ma.vu~/ <k\.r\.ma.vu~>
v.intr..to wither.
krvu& /k\r.vu~/ <k\.r\.vu~> v.tr. . to do.

klakar /k\.la.kar/ <k\.la.ka.r\> masc. .

an artist.

36
kLpna /k\l.p\.na/ <k\.lp\.na> fem. .
imagination.

k;& /k\.i~/ <k\.ii~> advb. .1. where? 2.

some.

kLpvu& /k\l.p\.vu~/ <k\.lp\.vu~> v.tr. . to

imagine.

k;&k /k\.i~k/ <k\.ii~.k\> advb. .

something.

kLya8 /k\l.ja.\/ <k\.lja.\> neut. .

well-being.

k&kav4I /k\n.ka.vai/ <k\~.ka.v\.ii> fem. .

a small bowl to keep k&ku>

kviy{aI /k\.v\.ji.tri/ <k\.v\ji.tri> fem. .a

female poet.
kiv /k\.vi/ masc. . <k\.vi> a male poet.

k&ku /k\n.ku/ <k\~.ku> neut. . a red

powder/ paste used in rituals and certain
social customs such as putting bindi on
the forehead.

k=u& /k\.u~/ <k\.u~> adj. . whatever

thing.

k&kotrI /k\.nko.t\.ri/ <k\~.ko.t\.rii> fem. .

an invitation letter.

k=u&k /k\.u~k/ <k\.u~.k\> adj. .

something.

k&jUs /k\n.us/ <k\~.u.s\> adj. . miserly.

ksrt /k\s.r\t/ <k\.s\.r\.t\> fem. . an

exercise.
ksa; /k\.sai/ <k\.sa.ii> masc. . a
butcher.

k&4aXvu& /k\n.a.vu~/ <k\~.a.\.vu~> v.intr. .

to be bored.
k&4aXo /k\n.a.o/ <k\~.a.o> masc. .
medium.

kso4I /k\.so.i/ <k\.so.ii> fem. . a test.

k&5 /k\t/ <k\~.h\> masc. .1. the throat

2. a vocal tune.

khe8 /k\.he/ <k\.he.\> neut. . a

message.

k&5I /k\.i/ <k\~.hii> fem. . a kind of

necklace.

khevt /k\.he.v\t/ <k\.he.v\.t\> fem. . a

proverb.

k&do; /k\n.doi/ masc. . a confectioner.

khevu& /k\.he.vu~/ <k\.he.vu~> v.tr. . to say.

k&doro /k\n.do.ro/ <k\~.do.ro> masc. . a

waist-band.

kagru& /k\h.ja.g\.ru~/ <k\.hja.g\.ru~>

adj. . obedient.

k&parI /k\m.pa.ri/ <k\~.pa.rii> fem. . a

shivering.

kXtr /k\.t\r/ <k\.\.t\.r\> neut. . a

kind of body pain.

k&pvu& /k\mp.vu~/ <k\~.p\.vu~> v.intr. .1. to

shiver 2. to tremble.

kXI /k\.i/ <k\.ii> fem. . a bud.

k&sar /k\m.sar/ <k\~.sa.r\> masc. .a

sweet.

37
kak6I /kak.i/ <ka.k\.ii> fem. .
cucumber.

ka7vu& /ka.vu~/ <ka.h\.vu~> v.tr. . to

take out.

kaka /ka.ka/ <ka.ka> masc. hon..

paternal uncle.

ka8u& /ka.u~/ <ka.u~> adj. .1. a hole, 2.

one-eyed.

kaka@ /ka.ka.i/ <ka.ka.ii> masc. . a

brother of the father-in-law.

katr /ka.t\r/ <ka.t\.r\> fem. . scissors.

kakI /ka.ki/ <ka.kii> fem. . a paternal

uncles wife.
kakI@ /ka.ki.i/ <ka.ka.ii> fem. . the
wife of the brother of the father-in-law.

katrvu& /ka.t\r.vu~/ <ka.t\.r\.vu~> v.tr. . to

cut with scissors.
katrI /kat.ri/ <ka.t\.rii> fem. .a waferthin slice.
kadv /ka.d\v/ <ka.d\.v\> masc. . mud.

kag6o /kag.o/ <ka.g\.o> masc. . a

crow.
kagX /ka.g\/ <ka.g\.\> masc. .1. paper
2. a letter.
kagaroX /ka.ga.ro/ <ka.ga.ro.\> fem. .
rowdism.
kac /kac/ <ka.c\> masc. .1. glass 2.
mirror.

kan /kan/ <ka.n\> masc. . an ear.

kap /kap/ <ka.n\> masc. . reduction.
kap6 /ka.p\/ <ka.p\.\> neut. . cloth.
kaplI /kap.li/ <ka.p\.lii> fem. . a
clipping of a paper.
kapvu& /kap.vu~/ <ka.p\.vu~> v.tr. . to cut.

kacbo /kac.bo/ <ka.c\.bo> masc. . a

tortoise.

kapo /ka.po/ <ka.po> masc. .1.a cut. 2 a

mark made by cutting.

kaic&6o /ka.ci.o/ <ka.c\~.o> masc. . a

chameleon.

kabr /ka.b\r/ <ka.b\.r\> neut. . a kind

of bird.

kacu& /ka.cu~/ <ka.cu~> adj. .1.unripe 2.

raw.

kabU /ka.bu/ <ka.buu> masc. . control.

kajX /ka.\/ <ka.\.\> neut. .eye-salve.

kam /kam/ <ka.m\> neut. . work

kaju /ka.u/ <ka.u> neut. . a cashew-nut.

kam /kam/ <ka.m\> masc. . sexual

desire.

ka4 /ka/ <ka.\> masc. . rust.

kamclaw& /kam.c\.lau~/ adj. .tentative.

38
kamcor /kam.cor/ <ka.m\.co.r\> adj. .
not inclined to work.
kamdar /kam.dar/ <ka.m\.da.r\> masc. .
a manual worker.
kamdev /kam.dev/ <ka.m\.de.v\> masc. .
ther god of love.
kam0&0o /ka.dn.do/ <ka.m\.dh\~.dho>
masc. .1. business 2. profession.

kaXju& /ka.u~/ <ka.\.uu> neut. .1.the

lever.
kaXu& /la.u~/ <ka.u~> adj. . black.
kaXotrI /ka.o.t\.ri/ <ka.o.t\.rii> fem. . a
letter containg someones deaths
message.
ka&krI /ka~k.ri/ <ka~.k\.rii> fem. . a smll
pebble.

kaydo /kaj.do/ <ka.j\.do> masc. . a law.

kaym /ka.j\m/ <ka.j\.m\> adj. . forever.
karkun /kar.kun/ <ka.r\.ku.n\> masc. . a
clerk.
kar`anu& /kar.ka.nu~/ <ka.r\.kha.nu~>
neut. . a factory.
kar8 /ka.r\/ <ka.r\.\> neut. .1. a
reason 2. a cause.
kartk /kar.t\k/ <ka.r\.t\.k\> masc. . the
first month of Hindu year.
kartUs /kar.tus/ <ka.r\.tu.s\> neut. . a
cartridge.
kar-ar /kar.bar/ <ka.r\.bha.r\> masc. .
management.
kal /kal/ <ka.l\> fem. .1.tomrrow 2.
yesterday.
kavtru& /ka.v\t.ru~/ <ka.v\.t\.ru~> neut. .
fraud.

ka&kro /ka~k.ro/ <ka~.k\.ro> masc. . a

pebble.
ka&4aXu& /ka~.a.u~/ <ka~.a.u~> adj. . throny.
ka&4o /ka~.o/ <ka~.o> masc. . a thorn.
ka&4o /ka~.o/ <ka~.o> masc. . a weighing
machine.
ka&5o /ka~.o/ <ka~.ho> masc. .1. a bank 2.
a shore 3 a coast.
ka&6u& /ka~.u~/ <ka~.u~> neut. . a wrist.
ka&do /ka.do/ <ka~.do> masc. . onion.
ka&0 /ka~n.d\/ <ka~.dh\> fem. . one of the
shoulders.
ka&skI /ka~s.ki/ <ka~.s\.kii> fem. . a small
comb mainly for women.
ka&sko /ka~s.ko/ <ka~.s\.ko> masc. . a
comb.
ikLlo /kil.lo/ <ki.llo> masc. . a fortress.

kaVy /kav.j\/ <ka.vj\> neut. . a poem.

kaX@ /ka.i/ <ka.\.ii> fem. . care.

ik=or /ki.or/ <ki.o.r\> masc. . a minor

boy.

39

ik=orI /ki.o.ri/ <ki.o.rii> fem. . a minor

girl.
kI4lI /ki.li/ <kii.\.lii> fem. . a kettle.
kI6I. /ki.i/ <kii.ii> fem. . an ant.

ku&-ar /kum.bar/ <ku~.bha.r\> masc. . a

potter.
ku&varu& /ku~.va.ru~/ <ku~.vaa.ru~> adj. .
unmarried.
kUk6o /kuk.o/ <kuu.k\.o> masc. . a
cock.

kI6o /ki.o/ <kii.o> masc. . an insect.

kUk6I /kuk.i/ <kuu.k\.ii> fem. . a hen.
kImt /ki.m\t/ <kii.m\.t\> fem. . price.
kIitR /kir.ti/ <kii.rti> fem. . fame.
ku4u&b /ku.um.b\/ <ku.u~.b\> neut. . a
family.
ku4ev /ku.ev/ <ku.e.v\> fem. . a bad
habit.
kutUhl /ku.tu.h\l/ <ku.tu.h\.l\> neut.
curiosity.
kudrt /kud.r\t/ <ku.d\.r\.t\> fem. .
nature.
kUXdev /ku.dev/ <ku.\.de.v\> masc. . a
family deity.

kUtrI /kut.ri/ <kuu.t\.rii> fem. . a female

dog.
kUtru& /kut.ru~/ <kuu.t\.ru~> neut. . a dog.
kUtro /kut.ro/ <kuu.t\.ro> masc. . a male
dog.
kU9lI /kut.li/ <ku.th\.lii> fem. . scandal.
kUdvu& /kud.vu~/ <ku.d\.vu~> v.intr. . to
jump.
kudavvu& /ku.dav.vu~/ <ku.da.v\.vu~> v.tr.
see kuda6vu.
kUvo /ku.vo/ <ku.vo> masc. . a waterwell.

kuStI /kus.ti/ <ku.stii> fem. . wrestling.

kuseva /ku.se.va/ <ku.se.vaa> fem. . a
disservice.
kuha6I /ku.ha.i/ <ku.ha.ii> fem. . a
small axe.
kuha6o /ku.ha.o/ <ku.ha.io> masc. . an
axe.
ku&6X /ku.\/ <ku~.\.\> masc. a kind
of ear ring.

kU&cI /ku~.ci/ <ku~.cii> fem. .1. a key 2. a

clue.
kU&pX /ku.mp\/ <kuu~.p\.\> fem. . a
sprout.
ke4lu& /ke.lu~/ <ke.\.lu~> adj. . how much.
ke6 /k/ <ke.\> fem. .a waist.
ked /kd/ <ke.d\> fem. . a prison.
kem /km/ <ke.m\> advb. .why.

40

kedI /k.di/ <ke.dii> masc. .a prisoner.

kerI /k.ri/ <ke.rii> fem. .a mango.

kotrvu& /ko.t\r.vu~/ <ko.t\.r\.vu~> v.tr. .1.

to engrave 2. to carve.
ko9mIr /kot.mir/ <ko.th\.mii.r\> neut.
coriander.

kev6u& /kev.u~/ <ke.v\.u~> adj. .how big

kevu& /ke.vu~/ <ke.vu~> adj. .of what kind.
kesr /ke.s\r/ <ke.s\.r\> neut. .saffron.
kesrI /kes.ri/ <ke.s\.rii> adj. .saffron
colored.
keX /ke/ <ke.\> fem. .a banana-tree.
keXv8I /ke.\v.i/ <ke.\.v\.ii> fem. .1.
bringing up. 2. training.

ko9XI /kot.i/ <ko.th\.ii> fem. .a purse

of cloth.
ko9Xo /ko.o/ <ko.th\.o> masc. .a
large beg of cloth.
kodaXI /ko.da.i/ <ko.da.ii> fem. .1. a
hoe 2. a spade.
konu& /k.nu~/ <ko.nu~> pron.. whose.
kopru& /kop.ru~/ <ko.p\.ru~> neut. .a kernel
of a coconut.

keXvvu& /ke.\v.vu~/ <ke.\.v\.vu~> v.tr. .to

bring up.

kom /kom/ <ko.m\> fem. .a caste-group.

keXu& /ke.u~/ <ke.u~> neut. .a banana.

komvad /kom.vad/ <ko.m\.va.d\> masc.

.1. communalism 2. castism.

ko; /ko.i/ <ko.i> prono..someone.

kogXIyu& /k.g\.i.ju~/ <ko.g\.ii.ju~> neut.
cholera.
kogXo /kg.o/ <ko.g\.o> masc. .1. a
mouthful of liquid 2. a gargle.
ko5I /ko.i/ <ko.hii> fem. .a large vessel
to stor grain.
ko6Iyu& /ko.i.ju~/ <ko.ii.ju~> neut. .a kind
of earthern lamp.

korvu& /kor.vu~/ <ko.r\.vu~> v.tr. .to bore a

hole.
kolso /kol.so/ <ko.l\.so> masc. .coal.
kolahl /ko.la.h\l/ <ko.la.h\.l\> masc. .a
continuous loud noise.
koi== /ko.i/ <ko.i.\> fem. .an effort.
kohvu& /koh.vu~/ <ko.h\.vu~> v.intr. .to rot.
koXI /ko.i/ <ko.ii> fem. .a caste.

ko7 /ko/ <ko.h\> masc. .leprosy.

koXu& /ko.u~/ <ko.u~> neut. .a pumpkin.
ko8I /k.i/ <ko.ii> fem. .an elbow.
kO4uiMbk /k\u.um.bik/ <k\u.tu~.mbi.k\>
adj. pertaining to a family.

41

kO-a&6 /k\u.ba~n/ <k\u.bha~.\> neut.

.a scandal.
kO&s /k\ums/ <k\u~.s\> masc. .a bracket.
Ex. [], {}, ( ).
kyare /kja.re/ <kja.re> advb. .when.
kya& /kja~/ <k\.ja~> advb. .where.

`jU.rI /k\.u.ri/ <kh\.u.rii> fem. .a date

tree.
`jUro /k\.u.ro/ <kh\.uu.ro> masc. .a
centipede.
`4kvu& /k\.\k.vu~/ <kh\.\.k\.vu~>
v.exp.. to repent.
`4p4 /k\.p\/ <kh\.\.p\.\> fem. .an
intrigue.

k/ur /kru.r\/ <kru.r\> adj. .cruel.

k/o0 /kro.d\/ <kro.dh\> masc. .anger.

`4ml /k\.m\l/ <kh\.\.m\.l\> masc.

.a bug.
`4mI5u& /k\.mi.u~/ <kh\.\.mii.hu~>
adj. sour and sweet.

``6vu& /k\.k\.vu~/ <kh\.kh\.\.vu~>

v.intr. .to rattle.

`4rag /k\.rag/ <kh\.\.ra.g\> masc. .a

quarrel.

``6avvu& /k\k.av.vu~/
<k\.k\.a.v\.vu~> v.tr. .to knock (on
a door etc.).

`4lo /k\.lo/ <kh\.\.lo> masc. .a lawsuit.

`ckavu& /k\c.ka.vu~/ <kh\.c\.ka.vu~>

v.intr. .to hesitate.
`ca`c /k\.ca.k\c/ <kh\.ca.kh\.c\>
advb. densely.
`Ccr /k\c.c\r/ <kh\.cc\.r\> neut. .a
mule.
`jancI /k\.an.ci/ <kh\.a.n\.cii>
masc. .a cashier.
`jano /k\.a.no/ <kh\.a.no> masc. .a
treasure.
`jUr /k\.ur/ <kh\.u.r\> neut. .a date
fruit.

`4vvu& /k\.\v.vu~/ <kh\.\.v\.vu~> v.tr.

.to make things sour.
`4aro /k\.a.ro/ <kh\.a.ro> masc. .a
motor truck.
`4u&b6u& /k\.umb.u~/ <kh\.u~.b\.u~>
adj. slightly sour.
`6k /k\.\k/ <kh\.\.k\> masc. .a
rock.
`6klo /k\.\k.lo/ <kh\.\.k\.lo>
masc. .a pile.
`6kI /k\.ki/ <kh\.\.kii> fem. .a lane.
`6tl /k\.t\l/ <kh\.\.t\.l\> adj. .a
strongly built.

42
`6bc6u& /k\.b\c.u~/
<kh\.\.b\.c\.u~> adj. .rough.

`ru& /k\.ru~/ <kh\.ru~> adj. .correct.

`6ecok /k\.e.cok/ <kh\.e.co.k\>

advb. publicly.

`re`r /k\.re.k\r/ <kh\.re.kh\.r\>

advb. .1. truly 2. indeed.

`8vu& /k\.vu~/ <kh\.\.vu~> v.tr. .to

scratch.

`cR /k\r.c\/ <kh\.rc\> neut. . expense.

`tro /k\t.ro/ <kh\.t\.ro> masc.

.danger.
`tvvu& /k\.t\v.vu~/ <kh\.t\.v\.vu~> v.tr.
.to make an entry in a ledger.
`dbdvu& /k\d.b\d.vu~/
<kh\.d\.b\.d\.vu~> v.intr. .to boil with
a simmering sound.

`las /k\.las/ <kh\.la.s\> adj. .1.

exhausted 2. the end.
`lasI /k\.la.si/ <kh\.la.sii> masc. .a
sailor.
`lel /k\.lel/ <kh\.le.l\> masc.
.disturbance.
`vas /k\.vas/ <kh\.va.s\> fem. .name
of a community.

`pvu& /k\p.vu~/ <kh\.p\.vu~> v.intr. .to

be sold.

`s /k\s/ <kh\.s\> fem. .scabies.

`br /k\.b\r/ <kh\.b\.r\> fem. .news.

`s`s /k\s.k\s/ <kh\.s\.kh\.s\> fem.

.poppy seeds.

`-o /k\.bo/ <kh\.bho> masc. .the

shoulder.
`m8 /k\.m\/ <kh\.m\.\> neut. .a
food item.
`mvu& /k\m.vu~/ <kh\.m\.vu~> v.tr. .to
tolerate.
`mIs /k\.mis/ <kh\.mi.s\> neut. .a
shirt.
`rpvu& /k\.r\p.vu~/ <kh\.r\.p\.vu~> v.tr.
.to hoe.
`rvu& /k\r.vu~/ <kh\.r\.vu~> v.intr. .to
fall (fruit, leaves etc.)
`rab /k\.rab/ <kh\.ra.b\> adj. .bad.

`se6vu& /k\.se.vu~/ <kh\.se.\.vu~> v.tr.

.to move.
`X`X /k\. k\/ <kh\.\.kh\.\> advb.
.the rippling sound of a water flow.
`&`ervu& /k\n.ker.vu~/ <kh\~.khe.r\.vu~>
v.tr. .to pluck down.
`&jrI /k\.\.ri/ <kh\~.\.rii> fem. .a
small tambourin.
`&jvaXvu& /k\.\.va.vu~/
<kh\~.\.va.\.vu~> v.tr. .to seratch.
`&6 /k\.\/ <kh\~.\> masc. .1. a part
2. a room. 3. a continent.

43
`&i6yer /k\.i.jer/ <kh\~.i.je.r\> neut.
.a ruin.

`atr /ka.t\r/ <kha.t\.r\> neut. .housebreaking (by theif)

`a; /ka.i/ <kha.ii> fem. .1. a ditch 2. a

trench.

`atrI/kat.ri/ <kha.t\.rii> fem. .trust.

`aw0ru& /ka.u.d\.ru~/ <kha.u.dh\.ru~>

adj. . gluttonous.

`atavhI /ka.ta.v\.hi/ <kha.ta.v\.hii>

fem. a ledger.

`ajlI /ka.li/ <kha.\.lii> fem. .a food

item.

`atu& /ka.tu~/ <kha.tu~> neut. .an account.

`aju /ka.u/ <kha.u> neut. .a food item.

`a4kI /ka.ki/ <kha.\.kii> masc. .a
butcher.
`a4lo /ka.lo/ <kha.\.lo> masc. .a cot.

`a0a`orakI /ka.da.kho.ra.ki/
<kha.dha.kho.ra.kii> fem. .1.
maintenance 2. livelihood.
`angI /kan.gi/ <kha.n\.kii> adj.
.secret.
`anu& /ka.nu~/ <kha.nu~> neut. .a drawer.

`a4vu& /ka.vu~/ <kha.\.vu~> v.tr. .to be

benefited.
`a4u& /ka.u~/ <kha.u~> adj. .sour.

`aboicyu& /ka.bo.ci.ju~/ <kha.bo.ci.ju~>

neut. .a puddle.
`amI /ka.mi/ <kha.mii> fem. .a defect.

`a6I /ka.i/ <kha.ii> fem. .a creek.

`aru& /ka.ru~/ <kha.ru~> adj. .salty.
`a6o /ka.o/ <kha.o> masc. .a pit.
`a8 /ka/ <kha.\> fem. .a mine.
`ai8yo /ka.i.jo/ <kha.i.jo> masc. .a
miner.
`a8u& /ka.u~/ <kha.u~> neut. .a dinner.
`atmurt /kat.mu.r\t/ <kha.t\.mu.r\.t\>
neut. .a ceremony of laying a foundation.
`atr /ka.t\r/ <kha.t\.r\> fem.
.hospitality.
`atr /ka.t\r/ <kha.t\.r\> neut.
.fertilizer.

`arek /ka.rek/ <kha.re.k\> fem. .a dry

date.
`al /kal/ <kha.l\> fem. .skin.
`alI /ka.li/ <kha.lii> adj. .1. empty 2.
poor 3. purposelessly.
`avu& /ka.vu~/ <kha.vu~> v.tr. .to eat.
`as /kas/ <kha.s\> adj. .1.special 2.
personal. Ex. Aa maro `as ma8s 2e.
`as /kas/ <kha.s\> advb. .specially.
Ex. hu& `as tmara 3er AavI=.

44
`aisyt /ka.si.j\t/ <kha.si.j\.t\> fem. .a
special quality.

clarification.
`uLlu& /kul.lu~./ <khu.llu~> adj. .open.

`aX /ka/ <kha.\> fem. .a drain.

`u= /ku/ <khu.\> adj. .joyful.
`a&co /ka~.co/ <kha~.co> masc. .1. a turn
2. a lane.
`a&6 /ka~/ <kha~.\> fem. .sugar.
`a&6vu& /ka~.vu~/ <kha~.\.vu~> v.tr. .to
pound.
`a&sI /ka~.si/ <kha~.sii> fem. .cough.
i`skolI /kis.ko.li/ <khi.s\.ko.lii> fem.
.a squirrel.
`Ic6I /kic.i/ <khii.c\.ii> fem. .a
food.
`Ico`Ic /ki.co.kic/ <khii.co.khii.c\>
advb. densely.
`Ijvvu& /ki.\v.vu~/ <khii.\.v\.vu~> v.tr.
.to tease.
`I8 /ki/ <khii.\> fem. .1. a valley 2.
a rift.
`Ir /kir/ <khii.r\> fem. .a food item.
`Il /kil/ <khii.l\> masc. .a pimple.
`Ilvu& /kil.vu~/ <khii.l\.vu~> v.intr. .to
blossom.
`ISsu& /kis.su~/ <khii.ssu~> neut. .a
pocket.
`ur=I /kur.i/ <khu.r\.ii> fem. .a chair.
`ulaso /ku.la.so/ <khu.la.so> masc. .a

`u=numa /ku.nu.ma/ <khu.\.nu.ma>

adj. .pleasant (climate).
`u=amt /ku.a.m\t/ <khu.a.m\.t\>
fem..flattery.
`u=I /ku.i/ <khu.ii> fem. .pleasure.
`UjlI /ku.li/ <khu.\.lii> fem. .itching
sensation.
`U4vu& /ku.vu~/ <khu.\.vu~> v.intr. .1. to
be used up 2. to run out.
`U8o /ku.o/ <khuu.o> masc. .1. an
angle 2. a corner.
`Un /kun/ <khuu.n\> neut. .1. blood 2.
murder.
`Ub /kub/ <khu.b\> adj. .1. plentiful 2.
much.
`UbI /ku.bi/ <khu.bii> fem. peculiar
quality.
`Ulvu& /kul.vu~/ <khuu.l\.vu~> v.intr. .to
open.
`U&cvvu& /ku~.c\v.vu~/ <khuu.c\.v\.vu~>
v.tr. .to snatch away.
`U&cvu& /ku~c.vu~/ <kh\.c\.vu~> v.intr. .to
prick.
`U&0 /ku~d/ <khuu~.dh\> fem. .a hump.

45
`e6vu& /ke.vu~/ <khe.\.vu~> v.tr. .to
plow.

`o6 /ko/ <kho.\> fem. .1. a defect 2.

a deficiency.

`e6Ut /ke.ut/ <khe.uu.t\> masc. .a

farmer.

`o6vu& /ko.vu~/ <kho.\.vu~> v.tr. .to

erect.

`etr /ke.t\r/ <khe.t\.r\> neut. .a farm.

`otrvu& /ko.t\r.vu~/ <kho.t\.r\.vu~> v.tr.

.1. to scratch 2. to dig by scrapping.

`etI /ke.ti/ <khe.tii> fem. .farming.

`erat /ke.rat/ <khe.ra.t\> fem. .1. almsgiving 2. charity.
`el /kel/ <khe.l\> masc. .1. a sport.2. a
show (of play, cinema etc.)
`elvu& /kel.vu~/ <khe.l\.vu~> v.intr. to
play.
`ela6I /ke.la.i/ <khe.la.ii> masc. .a
player.
`evna /kev.na/ <khe.v\.naa> fem. .care.
`e&ca8 /k~.ca/ <khe~.ca.\> neut.
.attraction.
`o`ru& /kok.ru~/ <kho.kh\.ru~> adj. .1.
dull 2. broken.
`o`u& /ko.ku~/ <kho.khu~> neut. .an
empty box.
`oja /ko.a/ <kho.a> masc. .a Muslim
caste.

`odvu& /kod.vu~/ <kho.d\.vu~> v.tr. .to

dig.
`oda8 /ko.da/ <kho.da.\> neut. .a
digging.
`oprI /kop.ri/ <kho.p\.rii> fem. .the
skull.
`obo /ko.bo/ <kho.bo> masc. .the shape
formed by the joined palms.
`orvavu& /kor.va.vu~/ <kho.r\.va.vu~>
v.intr. .to be disrupted.
`orak /ko.rak/ <kho.ra.k\> masc. .food.
`olvu& /kol.vu~/ <kho.l\.vu~> v.tr. .to
open.
`ovu& /ko.vu~/ <kho.vu~> v.tr. .to miss.
`osvu& /kos.vu~/ <kho.s\.vu~> v.tr. .1. to
drive into 2. to penetrate 3. to pierce.

`o4 /ko/ <kho.\> fem. .loss.

`oXa-r8u& /kho.a.b\r.u~/
<kho.a.bh\.r\.u~> neut. .the
celebration of first pregnancy.

`o4kavu& /ko.ka.vu~/ <kho.\.k\.vu~>

v.intr. to stop functioning.

`oXIyu& /ko.i.ju~/ <kho.ii.ju~> neut. .1. a

bed or pillow cover 2. the body.

`o4u& /ko.u~/ <kho.u~> adj. .1.wrong. 2.

false.

`oXo /ko.o/ <kho.o> masc. .the lap.

46

g
g;kal /g\i.kal/ <g\.ii.ka.l\> fem.
yesterday.
gg6vu& /g\.g\.vu~/ <g\.g\.\.vu~> v.intr.
.to roll down.
gjro /g\.ro/ <g\.\.ro> masc. .a
bouquet of flowers.
gjvu& /g\.vu~/ <g\.\.vu~> neut. .a pocket.
gzl /g\.z\l/ <g\.h\.l\> fem. .a type of
poem.
g4g4avvu& /g\.g\.av.vu~/
<g\.\.g\.\.vu~> v.tr. .to swallow
quickly.
g4r /g\.t\r/ <g\.\.r\> fem. .a gutter.
g5\5o /g\.o/ <g\.hho> masc. .a
lump.
g6da pa4u& /g\.da.pa.u~/
<g\.\.da.pa.u~> neut. .blows by hand
and feet.
g6do /g\.do/ <g\.\.do> masc. .a
punch.
g6b6 /g\.b\/ <g\.\.b\.\> fem. .1.
a rowdyism 2. misappropriation.
g6m9l /g\.m\.t\l/ <g\.\.m\.th\.l\>
fem. .hard work.
g6I /g\.i/ <g\.ii> fem. .a fold (of
cloth, paper etc.).
g7 /g\/ <g\.h\> masc. .a fortress.

g7vI /g\.vi/ <g\.h\.vii> masc. .a

keeper of a fortress.
g7vI /g\.vi/ <g\.h\.vii> fem. .a
community.
g8karvu& /g\.kar.vu~/ <g\.\.ka.r\.vu~>
v.tr. .to care for.
g8g8vu& /g\.g\.vu~/ <g\.\.g\.\.vu~>
v.intra..1. to murmur 2. to grumble.
g8trI /g\.\t.ri/ <g\.\.t\.rii> fem. .1.
calculation 2. counting
g8pit /g\.p\ti/ <g\.\.p\.ti> masc.
hon..the god Ganpati.
g8vu& /g\.vu~/ <g\.\.vu~> v.tr. .1. to
count 2. to calculate.
g8ve= /g\.ve/ <g\.\.ve.\> masc. .a
uniform.
gi8t /g\.it/ <g\.i.t\> neut.
.mathematics.
g8e= /g\.e/ <g\.e.\> masc. the god
Ganesh.
g*yu&ga&5yu& /g\.ju~. ga~.ju~/
<g\.ju~.ga~.hju~> adj. .a little.
gtagm /g\.ta.g\m/ <g\.ta.g\.m\> fem. .
understanding.
git /g\.ti/ <g\.ti> fem. .1. motion 2.
speed.
gd\y /g\.dj\/ <g\.dj\> neut. .prose.
g0e6u& /g\.de.u~/ <g\.dhe.u~> neut. .s
donkey.

47

gpgoXo /g\p.go.o/ <g\p.go.o> masc.

.a rumor.

gmar /g\.mar/ <g\.ma.r\> adj. .manner

less.
gr /g\r/ <g\.r\> masc. .pulp.

gpsp /g\p.s\p/ <g\.p\.s\.p\> fem.

.gossip.
gPpIdas /g\p.pi.das/ <g\.ppii.da.s\>
masc. a rumor-monger.
gflt /g\p.l\t/ <g\.ph\.l\.t\> fem. .1. a
mistake 2. carelessness.
gb6vu& /g\.b\.vu~/ <g\.b\.\.vu~> v.intr.
.to roll down.
gbI /g\.bi/ <g\.bii> fem. .a foolish girl
or woman.
gbo /g\.bo/ <g\.bo> masc. .a foolish
boy or man.
g-ra4 /g\b.ra/ <g\.bh\.ra.\> masc.
.frightful confusion.

grj /g\.r\/ <g\.r\.\> fem. .need.

grju /g\r.u/ <g\.r\.u> adj. .needy.
grjvu& /g\.r\.vu~/ <g\.r\.\.vu~> v.intr.
.to thunder.
grdn /g\r.d\n/ <g\.r\.d\.n\> fem. .the
neck.
grnaXu& /g\r.na.u~/ <g\.r\.na.u~> neut. .a
culvert.
grbI /g\r.bi/ <g\.r\.bii> fem. .a kind of
poem.
grbo /g\r.bo/ <g\.r\.bo> masc. .1. a
kind of poem 2. a pot with holes that
used during Navaratri festival.

g-ravu& /g\b.ra.vu~/ <g\.bh\.ra.vu~>

v.intr.
.to get frightened.

grm /g\.r\m/ <g\.r\.m\> adj. .hot.

g-ru& /g\b.ru~/ <g\.bh\.ru~> adj. .simplehearted.

grmagrm /g\r.ma.g\.r\m/
<g\.r\.ma.g\.r\.m\> adj. .fresh and
hot.

gm /g\m/ <g\.m\> masc. .sadness.

gmgIn /g\m.gin/ <g\.m\.gii.n\> adj.
.sad.
gMmt /g\m.m\t/ <g\.mm\.t\> fem.
.merriment.
gmvu& /g\m.vu~/ <g\.m\.vu~> v.exp.. to
like.

grmI /g\r.mi/ <g\.r\.mii> fem. .heat.

grvu& /g\r.vu~/ <g\.r\.vu~> v.intr. .to fall

slowly (of leaves, flowers, dew etc.)
grIb /g\.rib/ <g\.rii.b\> adj. .poor.
grIba; /g\.ri.bai/ <g\.rii.ba.i> fem.
.poverty.
gru6 /g\.ru/ <g\.ru.\> neut. .an eagle.

48
groXI /g\.ro.i/ <g\.ro.ii> fem. .a lizard.
g-aR0an /g\r.ba.dan/ <g\.rbha.dha.n\>
neut. .impregnation.
g-aR=y /g\r.ba.\j/ <g\.rbha.\.j\>
neut. .the uterus.

gX8I /g\.\.i/ <g\.\.ii> fem. .a

funnel.
gXp8 /g\.p\/ <g\.\.p\.\> neut.
.sweetness.
gXvu& /g\.vu~/ <g\.\.vu~> v.intr. .to ooze.

gvR /g\r.v\/ <g\.rv\> masc. .proud.

glkI /g\l.ki/ <g\.l\.kii> fem. .a kind of
creeper (vegetable).
glgo4o /g\l.go.o/ <g\.l\.go.o> masc. .a
kind of flower plant.

gXa4U&po /g\.a.u~.po/ <g\.a.u~.po>

masc. .a strangling.
gXafa&so /g\.a.pa~.so/ <g\.a.pha~.so>
masc. .a strangulation.
gXu& /g\.u~/ <g\.u~> neut. .the throat.

glI /g\.li/ <g\.lii> fem. .a street.

gyu& /g\.ju~/ <g\.ju~> adj. .sweet.
glU6I/yu& /g\.lu.i.ju~/ <g\.luu.ii.ju~> neut.
.a pup.
glofu& /g\.lo.pu~/ <g\.lo.phu~> neut. .the
inside of the cheek.
gLla&tLla& /g\l.la~.t\l.ta~/ <g\.lla~.t\.lla~>
masc. pl. .pretexts.
gLlo /g\l.lo/ <g\.llo> masc. .a cash-box.

g&@ /g\.i/ <g\~.ii> fem. .a stack of

hay.
g&dkI /g\nd.ki/ <g\~.d\.kii> fem .filth.
g&du /g\n.du~/ <g\~.du> adj. .dirty.
g&0 /g\n.d\/ <g\~.dh\> fem. .smell.

gvn /g\.v\n/ <g\.v\.n\> neut. .a kind

of sari.

g&0avu& /g\n.da.vu~/ <g\~.dha.vu~> v.intr.

.to
stink.

gvEyo /g\.v\i.jo/ <g\.v\i.jo> masc. .a

songster.

g&-Ir /g\m.bir/ <g\~.bhii.r\> adj. .1.

deep 2. cool-minded 3. serious.

gXc4u& /g\.c\.u~/ <g\.\.c\.u~> adj.

.sweetish.

gaj /ga/ <ga.\> neut. .a button-hole.

gajr /ga.\r/ <ga.\.r\> neut. .a carrot.

gXcvu& /g\.\c.vu~/ <g\.\.c\.vu~> v.tr. .to

over eat.
gXcI /g\.ci/ <g\.\.cii> fem. .1. the
neck 2. the throat.

gajvIj /ga.vi/ <ga.\.vii.\> fem.

.lightening and thunder together.

49
gajvu& /ga.vu~/ <ga.\.vu~> v.intr. .to
thunder.
ga6I /ga.i/ <ga.ii> fem. .a vehicle.

ga&5 /ga~/ <ga~.h\> fem. .a knot.

ga&6u& /ga~.u~/ <ga~.u~> adj. .1. mad 2.
lunatic.

ga6u& /ga.u~/ neut. .a cart.

gIc /gic/ <gii.c\> adj. .overcroweded.
ga7 /ga/ <ga.h\> adj. .thick.
gIt /git/ <gii.t\> neut. .a song.
ga8u& /ga.u~/ <ga.u~> neut. .a song.
gI0 /gid/ <gii.dh\> neut. .a vulture.
ga9a /ga.ta/ <ga.tha> fem. .a moral or
religous story.

gIrvI /gir.vi/ <gii.r\.vii> adj. .on

mortgage.

gadlu& /gad.lu~/ <ga.d\.lu~> neut. .a

mattress.

gIro /gi.ro/ <gii.ro> adj. .on mortgage.

gadI /ga.di/ <ga.dii> fem. .1. a throne, 2.

a cushion.

gujrvu& /gu.\r.vu~/ <gu.\.r\.vu~> v.intr.

.1. to pass by 2. to die.

gab6u& /gab.u~/ <ga.b\.u~> neut. .1. a

hole 2. a pit.

gujran /gu.ran/ <gu.\.ra.n\> neut.

.livelihood.

gam /gam/ <ga.m\> neut. .a village.

gujarvu& /gu.ar.vu~/ <gu.a.r\.vu~> v.tr. .to

pass time.

gayk /ga.j\k/ <ga.j\.k\> masc. .a male

singer.
gaiyka /ga.ji.ka/ <ga.ji.ka> fem. .a female
singer.
galIco /ga.li.co/ <ga.lii.co> masc. .a
carpet.
gavu& /ga.vu~/ <ga.vu~> v.tr. .to sing.
gaX /ga/ <ga.\> fem. .a curse word.
gaXvu& /ga.vu~/ <ga.\.vu~> v.tr. .1. to
filter 2. melt 3. to pass time.
ga&g6o /ga~g.o/ <ga~.g\.o> masc. .a
solid lump.

gu4ko /gu.ko/ <gu.\.ko> masc. .a small

booklet.
gu8 /gu/ <gu.\> masc. .quality.
gu8gan /gu.gan/ neut. .an eulogy.
gu8doq /gu.do/ <gu.\.do.s\> masc.
.merits and demerits.
gu8vu& /gu.bv~/ <gu.\.vu~> v.tr. .to
multiply.
gu8akar /gu.a.kar/ <gu.a.ka.r\> masc.
.multiplication.

50
gu8o]ar /gu.o.tt\r/ <gu.o.tt\.r\> masc.
.a ratio.
gunegar /gu.ne.gar/ <gu.ne.ga.r\> adj.
.criminal.

gU7 /gu/ <guu.h\> adj. .secret.

gU8 /gu/ <guu.\> fem. .a sack.

guno /gu.no/ <gu.no> masc. .a crime.

gUm6u& /gum.u~/ <guu.m\.u~> neut. .a

skin-boil.

gupcUp /gup.cup/ <gu.p\.cu.p\> advb.

.quietly.

gU&gXavu& /gu.g\.a.vu~/ <guu~.g\.a.vu~>

v.intr. .to be suffocated.

guPt /gu.pt\/ <gu.pt\> adj. .secret.

gU&c /gu~c/ <guu~.c\> fem. .1.a twisting of

threads 2. intricacy.

gufa /gu.pa/ <gu.pha> fem. .a cave.

gumavvu& /gu.mav.vu~/ <gu.ma.v\.vu~>
v.tr. .to lose.
guru /gu.ru/ <gu.ru> masc. . a teacher.
guru /gu.ru/ <gu.ru> adj. .1. big 2. large.
gulmor /gul.mr/ <gu.la.mo.r\> neut. .a
tree.
gulab /gu.lab/ <gu.la.b\> neut. .1. the
rose plant. 2. a rose flower
gulam /gu.lam/ <gu.la.m\> masc. .a
slave.

gU&9vu& /gu~t.vu~/ <guu~.th\.vu~> v.tr. .to

knit.
gU&dvu& /gu~d.vu~/ <guu~.d\.vu~> v.tr. .to
trample.
gerkayde /ger.kaj.de/ <ge.r\.ka.j\.de> adj.
and advb. .illegal.
gerkaydesr /ger.kaj.de.s\r/
<ge.r\.ka.j\.de.s\.r\> advb. .illegally.
gerrSte /ger.r\s.te/ <ge.r\.r\.ste> advb.
.wrongly.
gerla- /ger.lab/ <ge.r\.la.bh\> masc.
.loss.

guSso /gu.sso/ <gu.sso> masc. .anger.

gu&jvu& /gu.vu~/ <gu~.\.vu~> v.intr. .1. to
hum 2. to buzz.
gu&6o /gu.o/ <gu~.o> masc. .a bully.
gu&dr /gun.d\r/ <gu~.d\.r\> masc. .1.
glue 2. gum.
gu&bj /gum.b\/ <gu~.b\.\> masc. .a
dome.

gervLle /ger.v\.lle/ <g\.r\.v\.lle> advb.

.at a wrong place.
gervvu& /ge.r\v.vu~/ <ge.r\.v\.vu~> v.tr. .to
make things (fruits, leaves) fall.
gervhIv4 /ger.v\.hi.v\/
<ge.r\.v\.hii.v\.\> masc.
mismanagement.