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Inspection and Quality Control

This document discusses inspection and quality control. It defines quality and outlines the historical development of quality management from inspection to total quality management. It describes how to plan inspection by determining what, when, where, how, and how much to inspect. The benefits of inspection and quality control are listed as ensuring quality, satisfying customers, and reducing defects. The differences between quality control and inspection are provided. Methods for exercising quality control over purchased materials and work done in-house are also summarized.

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Anurag Goel
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162 views15 pages

Inspection and Quality Control

This document discusses inspection and quality control. It defines quality and outlines the historical development of quality management from inspection to total quality management. It describes how to plan inspection by determining what, when, where, how, and how much to inspect. The benefits of inspection and quality control are listed as ensuring quality, satisfying customers, and reducing defects. The differences between quality control and inspection are provided. Methods for exercising quality control over purchased materials and work done in-house are also summarized.

Uploaded by

Anurag Goel
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPS, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Inspection and Quality control

Quality-
Quality is Fitness for the purpose
Quality is Conformance to requirements
Quality is Value perceived by the customer
Quality is customer satisfaction
achieved through product features and
freedom from deficiencies
Historical development of quality
management
• Stage I – Inspection
• Stage II – Quality Control
• Stage III – Quality Assurance
• Stage IV – Total Quality Management
The Achievement of Quality
• Quality of design
(Functional + Safety + Maintainability +
Reliability + Esteem) Requirements
should be considered
3. Customer acceptance of the product and
its price
4. Quality of design and manufacturing lead
time
• Quality of Conformance
• Quality standards
Material Specification
Dimensional Specification
Performance Specification
Environmental Specification
Quality control
Three basic aspect of quality control
• Acceptance function
• Preventive function
• Assurance function
Benefits of Inspection & QC
• Ensure adequate maintenance of quality
• To satisfy customer and to meet
competition
• Assurance of fitness in assembly
• Reduction of defective work and scrap
• Prevent labor and machine time for rework
• Control on incentive plan
Quality Control Vs Inspection
Quality Control Inspection
1. Aims to produce 1. One of the tool used
better quality product to achieve it
2. Determine the 2. Determine the
causes of variation & acceptability
suggest methods to
minimize it
3. Determine what, 3. Actually conduct the
when and how much examination
to inspect
Inspection planning
1. What to inspect (Specification)?
2. When to inspect (Stages of inspection)?
• Inspection, sampling or cent percent
• Prior to a long Run
1. First off inspection
2. Pilot piece inspection
• Production is coming off line- patrolling
• Before transfer to other section
• Critical operation inspection
• Prior to costlier operation
• Prior to operation which conceal the defect of
previous operation
• Before an operation which is likely to endanger
costly tooling
• First few pieces produced after replacement of
form tools
• The completed assemblies
• Prior to the shipment of the goods to the
customer
• Job received back from customer as defective
• Non reworkable pieces -Salvage inspection
3. Where to inspect (Place of
inspection)?
• Inspection of Incoming materials- Vendors
place & Home place
• Inspection During manufacturing
• Inspection of finished product
• Inspection of jigs & fixtures
• Inspection of Tools
• Inspection of gauges
4. How to Inspect (Inspection devices)?
• Measuring instruments
• Limit gauges
• Multiply gauges
• Automatic gauges
• Laboratory testing equipments
• Non destructive testing -visual, liquid
penetration, magnetic flaw detector,
ultrasonic, radiography etc
5. How much to inspect (Sampling or Cent
percent Inspection)?
• Cost of inspection Vs cost of failure
• Nature of inspection
• Lot size
• Manufacturing process
• Stage of inspection
• Functional importance of the item
• Stage of development
• Result of sampling inspection
• Vendors quality rating
• Natural tolerance Vs design tolerance
• Industry wise practice
How to exercise control over quality
• Preparation of quality std and specification
• Exercising control over inputs – raw material, tools, jigs
and fixtures
• Exercising control during manufacturing
• Inspection prior to shipment of goods
• Periodical analysis of inspection reports
• Method study to reduce defectives
• Suggestion scheme to improve quality
• Training
• Creating quality consciousness in the organization
Quality control of purchased
material
1. Defining the right quality
2. Selecting suppliers for quality
i. By reputation
ii. By vendor plant survey
iii. By experience
3. Ensuring supplier understand requirements
4. Monitoring suppliers quality-
Place and extend of inspection
5. Defect identification and defect prevention
6. Vendor performance evaluation
Quality control of work done at the
home plant
1. Preparation of process sheet of
component
2. Drawing for each stage of operation
3. Inspection by the workmen
4. Periodical inspection during
manufacturing
5. Inspection during assembly
6. Final inspection

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