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Homework 2

The document contains solutions to multiple exercises involving complex numbers and complex functions. Exercise 1.2.1 involves finding the real and imaginary parts of complex expressions. Exercise 1.2.3 uses the definition of the complex conjugate. Exercise 1.2.5 expresses trigonometric functions in terms of complex exponentials. The remaining exercises involve additional properties and calculations related to complex numbers, complex functions, and complex logarithms.

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Julian Carmin
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214 views

Homework 2

The document contains solutions to multiple exercises involving complex numbers and complex functions. Exercise 1.2.1 involves finding the real and imaginary parts of complex expressions. Exercise 1.2.3 uses the definition of the complex conjugate. Exercise 1.2.5 expresses trigonometric functions in terms of complex exponentials. The remaining exercises involve additional properties and calculations related to complex numbers, complex functions, and complex logarithms.

Uploaded by

Julian Carmin
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Homework 2

Exercise 1.2.1
(a) let = cos + sin 5 = 5 cos 5 + sin 5 = 2 5 = 2, 5 = 2 Thus, =
5

2 cos

2 5

+ sin

2 5

, = 0, ,4 3 + 2 2

(b) let = cos + sin 4 = 4 cos 4 + sin 4 = = 1, 4 = Thus, = cos


3 8

+ sin

3 8

, = 0, ,3

Exercise 1.2.3
By the definition of the complex conjugate, we have 3 + 8 4 3 + 8 4 3 8 4 = = 1 + 10 1 10 1 + 10

Exercise 1.2.5
Since cos + sin
5

= cos 5 + sin 5

The real and imaginary parts of this formula tell that cos 5 = cos5 10 cos3 sin2 + 5 cos sin4 5 = sin5 10 cos2 sin3 + 5 cos 4 sin

Exercise 1.2.7
2 + 3 5 2 2 = 2 + 3 5 2 = 2 + 377/5

Exercise 1.2.18
Solution (a) the number is nonnegative real, so arg = 0 mod 2 and therefore

arg + arg = 0 mod 2, so arg = arg mod 2. (b) From the identity

= , we get arg = arg

mod 2, so arg mod 2, i.e., arg mod 2. (c) let = + , where and are real. Then = 0 if and only if 2 + 2 = 0 which is in turn equivalent to 2 + 2 = 0. But 2 0 and 2 0 since and are real. We conclude that 2 + 2 = 0 holds iff = = 0, which is equivalent to = 0. = arg arg + arg = arg

Exercise 1.2.29
1 + + + 1 = 0, since 1 1 + + + 1 = 1 Multiple by 1-w and use this equation to show that 1 + 2 + + 1 = /( 1)

Exercise 1.3.2
(a) 3 = 3 = 3 cos 1 sin 1 (b) Using = 2 + , we have
1

1 cos 2 + 3 = cos 2 3 + 3 + sin 2 3 3 2 2

Exercise 1.3.4
(a) sin =
1

1 3 + 1 = + = = 1 2 4 4 2
3 4

Thus, = 4 + 2 + 2 log 2 and = (b) sin =

+ 2 2 log 2

1 = 4 = 4 15 2

Thus, = 2 2 log 4 + 15

Exercise 1.3.6
(a) log = + arg = (b) 1 log 1 + = 1 + + arg 1 + = log 2 + + 2 2 4 3 + 2 2

Exercise 1.3.7
(a) Using (a) in Exercise 1.3.6, we have

= log

= exp 2

1 4

(b) Using (b) in Exercise 1.3.6, we have 1 +


1+

1+ log 1+

= exp

1 log 2 2 2 4

cos

1 1 log 2 + + sin log 2 + 2 4 2 4

Exercise 1.3.26
Solution: (a) if = + , then 2 = 2 2 + 2. If + = 2 , then = 2 2 = 2 A line parallel to the real axis has the equation = 0 . Points on its image satisfy 2 = 0 0 So that
2

2 2 = 0 0

2 = 21 0 20 That is, = Which is a parabola. (b) Take the branch of square root given by

2 4 2 40 40 =0

1 2 2 2 0 40

= 1/2 /2 where = , with 0 and 0 2. If we write = + , it follows that = 1/2 cos 2 = 1/2 sin 2

Lines parallel to the real axis have the equation = = , a constant. Their images satisfy = which is the equation of a hyperbola. 1 sin = = 2 2 2 2

Exercise 1.3.27
Solution: we take the n-th power of each of these numbers in the following way. Let 0 1. Then

= 2 = 1 ,

So indeed these numbers are n-th roots of unity. Also, = implies 2 / = 2 / , which implies 2 ( )/ = 1, so is a multiple of . Thus the numbers 1, , 2 , , 1 are all distinct and so are the desired n roots.

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