Scribd
Upload
115 views29 pages

Lecture 04 of Solid State Physics

The document discusses techniques for studying crystal structure using x-rays, neutrons, and electrons. It introduces diffraction as the constructive interference of scattering from periodic structures in crystals. The Bragg scattering law governs diffraction and scattering from different crystal planes in the lattice. Crystals can be probed by techniques that penetrate the material without strong interaction, allowing investigation of the periodic atomic structure.

Uploaded by

Hena Dian
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
115 views29 pages

Lecture 04 of Solid State Physics

The document discusses techniques for studying crystal structure using x-rays, neutrons, and electrons. It introduces diffraction as the constructive interference of scattering from periodic structures in crystals. The Bragg scattering law governs diffraction and scattering from different crystal planes in the lattice. Crystals can be probed by techniques that penetrate the material without strong interaction, allowing investigation of the periodic atomic structure.

Uploaded by

Hena Dian
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 29

Difraction and The Reciprocal Lattice

Crystals-recall from last time


A crystal is a repeated array of atoms

Crystal

Lattice

Basis

Latice of Points Bravais Lattice Crystal

Basic of Atoms

How Can We Study Crystal Structure ?


Need probe that can penetrate into crystal X-rays , neutrons, (high energy electrons)

X-rays discovered by Roentgen in 1895 instant sensation round the world-view of his wifes hand Neutron (discovered in 1932) penetrate with almost no interaction with most materials.

How can we srudy crystal structure ?


X-rays scatter from the electrons-intensity proportional to the density n - mainly the core electrons around the nucleus Similarly for high energy electrons Neutrons scatter from the nuclei (and electron magnetic moment).

In all cases the scattering is periodic-that is it is the same in each cell of the crystal Diffraction is the constructive interference of the scattering from the very large number of cells of the crystal.

The crystal can be viewed as made up of planes in different ways


Lattice
(01)

(14)

Different sets of parallel planes Low index planes : more dense, more widely spaced High index planes : less dense, more closely spaced.

Bragg Scattering Law

You might also like