Physical fitness is a general state of health and well-being or specifically
the ability to perform aspects ofsports or occupations. Physical fitness is
generally achieved through correct nutrition, exercise, hygieneand rest. It is
a set of attributes or characteristics that people have or achieve that relates
to the ability to perform physical activity.
2 classification of physical fitness
The first of these is MUSCULAR STRENGTH. This measures the ability of
the muscle to exert a maximal force through a range of motion or to a given
point. This is measured for a short period of time and usually incorporates
the use of weights for evaluation.
The second is MUSCULAR ENDURANCE. This refers to your muscles
ability to work through a range of motion over a specific amount of time.
This can be measured by the ability to hold a weight for a specific amount
of time say 20 pounds over-head for 5 minutes. Many times this
component is measured through push-ups as these are exercises that
exert a specific amount of pressure over time. This measures the upper
body muscular endurance.
Health Related components: Those factors that are related to how well the
systems of your body work
Cardiovascular Fitness: The ability of the circulatory system (heart and blood
vessels) to supply oxygen to working muscles during exercise.
Body Composition: The relative percentage of body fat compared to lean body
mass (muscle, bone, water,etc)
Flexibility: The range of movement possible at various joints.
Muscular strength: The amount of force that can be produced by a single
contraction of a muscle
Muscular endurance: The ability of a muscle group to continue muscle
movement over a length of time.
Skill Related Components: Those aspects of fitness which form the basis for
successful sportor activity participation.
Speed: The ability to move quickly from one point to another in a straight line
Agility: The ability of the body to change direction quickly
Balance: The ability to maintain an upright posture while still or moving
Coordination: Integration with hand and/or foot movements with the input of the
senses.
Reaction Time: Amount of time it takes to get moving.
Power: The ability to do strength work at an explosive pace.