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Cell Structures and Functions 02

The document summarizes the structures and functions of cell organelles. It describes that organelles are specialized structures that perform important cellular functions. It then provides details about the nucleus, which controls most cell processes and contains DNA. It also describes ribosomes, which produce proteins; the endoplasmic reticulum, which modifies proteins and makes cell membranes; the Golgi apparatus, which modifies proteins; lysosomes, which break down biomolecules; vacuoles, which store substances; chloroplasts, which perform photosynthesis in plants; and mitochondria, which generate energy.

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175 views22 pages

Cell Structures and Functions 02

The document summarizes the structures and functions of cell organelles. It describes that organelles are specialized structures that perform important cellular functions. It then provides details about the nucleus, which controls most cell processes and contains DNA. It also describes ribosomes, which produce proteins; the endoplasmic reticulum, which modifies proteins and makes cell membranes; the Golgi apparatus, which modifies proteins; lysosomes, which break down biomolecules; vacuoles, which store substances; chloroplasts, which perform photosynthesis in plants; and mitochondria, which generate energy.

Uploaded by

YASMERO
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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THE CELLS ORGANELLES

Aim: What are the structures and functions of the


cells organelles?
ORGANELLES
Specialized structures that perform important
cellular functions
little organs
NUCLEUS
NUCLEUS FUNCTION
Controls most cell processes
Contains genetic information of DNA
NUCLEUS STRUCTURE
Within the nucleus is chromatin (strands of DNA)
When condensed chromosomes
Dense region inside = Nucleolus
Double membrane around nucleus=Nuclear membrane

RIBOSOMES
Make proteins
Produce proteins according to Nucleus orders
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
Internal membrane
Makes cell membrane; modifies protein
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Makes/modifies proteins
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
makes cell membrane


GOLGI APPARATUS
GOLGI APPARATUS
Modifies proteins; attaches carbs, lipids to proteins
Sent to final destination after Golgi
LYSOSOMES
LYSOSOMES
Filled with enzymes
Break down lipids, carbs, and proteins
Can use product for rest of cell
VACUOLES
VACUOLE
Store water, salts, proteins, and carbs
Plant cells have central vacuole
Pressure from water keep sit rigid; animal cells have it too

CHLOROPLASTS (NOTE: CONTAIN OWN DNA)
CHLOROPLASTS (NOTE: CONTAIN OWN DNA)
Use energy from sunlight to make food molecules
The sites of photosynthesis; only in PLANTS
MITOCHONDRIA (CONTAIN OWN DNA)
MITOCHONDRIA (NOTE: CONTAIN OWN DNA)
Release energy from stored food molecules
Use energy for growth, development, movement
THINK OF THE CELLS AS A FACTORY
QUESTION
Which structure includes all of the others?
nucleolus
nucleus
chromosomes
genes

QUESTION
Which diagram represents an organelle that contains the enzymes needed to synthesize ATP in the presence of oxygen?



Which structure is responsible for making the energy the cell can use?

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