Billingsley,Hernandez1
LouisArmstrong:TheJazzLegend
JuniorGroupWebsite
JanaeBillingsleyandAudreeHernandez
Billingsley,Hernandez2
PrimarySources
"DownBeat:TheGreatJazzInterviewsA75thAnniversaryAnthology."AllAbout
Jazz.Web.25Oct.2014.
<http://www.allaboutjazz.com/downbeatthegreatjazzinterviewsa75thanniversaryantholo
gybyflorencewetzel.php#.VEkTgceJOuY>.
Containsinterviewsfromjazzartists.Thisisonlyasummaryofwhatthebookisabout
sowemightneedahardcopy.TheresonethatImspecificallylookingforregarding
Louis,IthinkitwassaidbyJ.J.Johnson.
"LouisArmstrongHouseMuseumMultimedia."LouisArmstrongHouseMuseum
Multimedia.Web.25Oct.2014.
<https://www.louisarmstronghouse.org/louie_armstrong/multimedia.htm>.
Thishasabetteroutlineandactualsourcesbecausethisisfromamuseumjustonhim.
Caneasilypullsongsandvideosfromhere.
LouisArmstrong|The20MostInfluentialAmericansofAllTime|TIME.com."
NewsFeedThe20MostInfluentialAmericansofAllTimeComments.Web.25Oct.2014.
<http://newsfeed.time.com/2012/07/25/the20mostinfluentialamericansofalltime/slide/
louisarmstrong/>.
Thisismoreabouthislife.Doesntreallygivemuchabouthislegacywithinmusic,it
onlyrecognizeshim.MaybewecouldinsertaquotefromTIMEmagazinesincemost
peopleseethisasahugereliablesource.Wealsousedaphotofromthissource.
Billingsley,Hernandez3
"Jazz:W.W.NortonStudySpace."Chapter6:LouisArmstrongandtheFirstGreat
Soloists.Web.25Oct.2014.
<http://www.wwnorton.com/college/music/jazz/ch/06/outline.aspx>.
Thisisagreatguidethatwecanusetomakesurewetalkabouthislegacywithinjazz
insteadofhisactuallife.Theyprovideasongfromthehotfivethatwouldbeprimary,
solaterwedhavetomentionthatinourbib.
"LouisArmstrong."Biography.Web.23Oct.2014.
<http://www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles/louisarmstrong302.php>.
Thisagainisabouthislife.Saysthatwhenitssleepydowndownsouthishistheme
song
Shapiro,Nat,andNatHentoff."EdmondHall."HearMeTalkin'toYatheStoryofJazz
asToldbytheMenWhoMadeIt.NewYork:DoverPublications,1966.22.Print.
"LouisArmstrongandBuddy[Petit]playedalotoffuneralstogether,bytheway."He
talksaboutamannamedBuddythatwasclosetoArmstrong.Wecanusethistosee:
whyArmstrongstoppedworkingwithhimtosoloJazzand/orifArmstrongwas
influencedbyBuddy.
Shapiro,Nat,andNatHentoff."LouisArmstrong."HearMeTalkin'toYatheStoryof
JazzasToldbytheMenWhoMadeIt.NewYork:DoverPublications,1966.4344.Print.
"Iwoulddelightdeliveringanorderofstonecoaltotheprostitutewhousedtohustlein
hercribrightnexttoPeteLala'scabaret...Justso'sIcouldhearKingOliverplay...I
wastooyoungtogointoPeteLala'satthetime...AndIjuststandthereinthatlady's
criblisteningtoKingOliver...AndI'mallinadaze."Armstrongtalksaboutafigurein
Billingsley,Hernandez4
hislifethatheusedtoadorewhenhewasyoung.Thisisalsoasourceofinformation
thatmayleadustofindoutwhyandhowhestartedJazzmusicashisgenre.Wecan
alsousethistoseehowKingOliverinfluencedArmstrong.
"LouisArmstrongTimeline."LouisArmstrongTimeline.Web.25Oct.2014.
<http://www.datesandevents.org/peopletimelines/27louisarmstrongtimeline.htm>.
Thisisatimelineregardingimportanteventsinhislife.Wemaynotbeabletouseitas
muchbutthiswillgiveusabasicoutlineofhislifeasawhole.Thiscanhelpusshow
somebackgroundtowhyheisinthatgenre.
PBS.PBS.Web.25Oct.2014.<http://www.pbs.org/jz/time/>.
Thisgivesaminitimelineofjazzovertime.Youcouldfindsomethingfurtherindepth
butthisplacehassomevideosaboutjazzsowecanusethislinktogetbacktothatfor
helponmorehistoricalcontextbeforejazzcameintoplace.
http://www.pbs.org/jazz//kids/time/1700.html
Daniels,Patricia."WhatDoYouKnowAboutLouisArmstrong?"About.Web.06Nov.
2014.<http://history1900s.about.com/od/people/a/LouisArmstrong.htm>.
ThissourcedescribeshassomeinformationaboutwhatLouisArmstrongdidduring
someimportantevents(suchasWorldWar2andTheGreatDepression).Wecanuse
thisforsomeofourbackgroundinformationtoexplainhowhecontinuedtoinspireand
spreadhismusictootherswhentimesweren'ttheirbest.
TJ."TrumpetHistorybyGreatJazzTrumpetPlayers."JazzMusicHistory.Web.11
Nov.2014.<http://www.jazzmusichistory.com/trumpethistory.html>.
Billingsley,Hernandez5
ThissourceprovideduswithalistofgreattrumpetplayersbeforeandafterLouis
Armstrong.
Cooker,Jerermy."BirthplaceofJazz."BirthplaceofJazz.NewOrleansTourism
MarketingCorporation,n.d.Web.10Nov.2014.
<http://www.neworleansonline.com/neworleans/music/musichistory/jazzbirthplace.html>.
ThisinformationisanothersmallbiographyofArmstrongfromhishometown,New
Orleans,Louisiana.
"LouisArmstrongCentennialSatchmoPhotoGallery."LouisArmstrongCentennial
SatchmoPhotoGallery.Satchmo.com,n.d.Web.12Nov.2014.
<http://www.satchmo.com/louisarmstrong/gallery1.html>.
Thissourceprovideduswithsomepicturestouseinourproject.Fromthiswebsitewe
usedtheEbonymagazinecoverfeaturingLouisArmstrong.
Householder,Mike."TheOriginsofJimCrow."JimCrowMuseum:OriginsofJimCrow.
AssociatedPress,19Apr.2012.Web.10Nov.2014.
<http://www.ferris.edu/Jimcrow/origins.htm>.
Fromthiswebsiteweusedtheturkeyphotoforourproject.
"TheHarlemRenaissance."Ushistory.org.IndependenceHallAssociation,n.d.Web.11
Nov.2014.<http://www.ushistory.org/us/46e.asp>.
ThisarticleprovideduswithasmallamountofinformationofhowArmstrong
contributedduringtheHarlemRenaissance.
Billingsley,Hernandez6
Schuman,Michael.LouisArmstrong:"JazzIsPlayedfromtheHeart"BerkeleyHeights,
NJ:Enslow,2008.7111.Print.
(Secondary)ThisbookgoesintodeptofLouisArmstrongslifemorethanour
secondarysources.Wewereabletogetmoreprecisedates,andpreciseinformationon
differenteventsthatoccurredduringArmstrongslife.
"PhoebeJacobs,NYPLJazzOralHistory."YouTube.YouTube.Web.03Dec.2014.
<https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8bK6AhJQmg>
WeusedthisvideoasasourcetoexplainhowLouisinspiredothersthroughispositive
mindset.
Bennett,Lerone."LouisArmstrong."EbonyPictorialHistoryofBlackAmerica.Vol.5.
Chicago:Johnson,1973.26267.Print.The1973YearBook.
ThissourceprovidedabriefbiographyonArmstrongandprovidedsomepicturesthat
wemayuseinourdocumentary.Someimportantinformationmentionedwas
Armstrong'sinvolvementintheCivilRight'sMovementandhowpeoplethinkthathe
contributed.
Henderson,Dallas."LouisArmstrongandCivilRightsDallasHenderson."Louis
ArmstrongandCivilRightsDallasHenderson.Google,n.d.Web.03Dec.2014.
<https://sites.google.com/site/dallasahenderson/home/louisarmstrongandcivilrights>.
ThissourceprovideduswithalotofinformationaboutArmstrong'slifestyleandsome
ofhisstylesofpresentinghismusic.
Billingsley,Hernandez7
[Photos]"LouisArmstrong:JazzAmbassador"PlayOpensThisWeekend."
EBONY.Web.02Dec.2014.
<http://www.ebony.com/photos/entertainmentculture/photoslouisarmstrongja
zzambassadorplayopensthisweekend#photo3>.
Usedsomephotosfromthiswebsite.
"Satchmo."Neatorama.Web.02Dec.2014.
<http://www.neatorama.com/2013/01/07/Satchmo/>.
ThepictureoftheColoredBandWaifsHomecamefromhere.
"MournersatLouisArmstrongFuneralRallyPhotographicPrintbyIsaac
SuttonatAllPosters.com."Allposters.com.Web.02Dec.2014.
<http://www.allposters.com/sp/MournersatLouisArmstrongFuneralRallyPo
sters_i9209568_.htm>.
Photosoffuneralscomefromhere
"LouisArmstrong:'TheManandHisMusic,'Part2."NPR.NPR.Web.02Dec.
2014.
<http://www.npr.org/2007/08/08/12484983/louisarmstrongthemanandhismu
sicpart2>
UsedaLouisArmstrongphotofromhere.Thiswebsitealsohavesomegood
interviewsfromLouisArmstronghimself.
"HistoryofJazz|BlackHistoryinAmerica|Scholastic.com."HistoryofJazz|
BlackHistoryinAmerica|Scholastic.com.Web.30Nov.2014.
<http://teacher.scholastic.com/activities/bhistory/history_of_jazz.htm>.
Billingsley,Hernandez8
ThiswebsiteexplainstheevolutionofJazzandhowArmstrongwasinvolvedin
improvisingjazzsolos.
Armstrong'sFilmRoles."Armstrong'sFilmRoles.Web.02Dec.2014.
<http://xroads.virginia.edu/~ug99/graham/roles.html>.
ThiswebsiteexplainsArmstrongsfilmrolesstartinginthe1930s.
NewOrleansCelebratetheLifeofArmstrong."IntercontinentalNewOrleans.N.p.,14
July2014.Web.3Dec.2014.
<\http://experiencetherebirth.com/neworleanscelebratesthelifeoflouisarmstrong/>.
ThiswebsitedescribesaneventinNewOrleansthatcelebratesLouisArmstrongs
Birthday.
Hudson,Sara."SatchmoSummerFest:ANewOrleansStyleBirthdayBash."
GoNOLA.com.N.p.,22July2013.Web.03Dec.2014.
<http://www.gonola.com/2013/07/22/satchmosummerfestaneworleansstylebirthdayb
ash.html>.
ThiswebsitedescribesaneventinNewOrleansusedtocelebrateLouisArmstrongs
birthday.
"NewYorkPublicLibraryArchiveProject2013."NewYorkPublicLibraryArchive
Project2013.N.p.,23Aug.2013.Web.03Dec.2014.
<http://dhcfellow2013nypl.wordpress.com/>.
WeusedthewebsitefortheirphotoofthestatuesintheLouisArmstrongPark.
Billingsley,Hernandez9
"ThePopHistoryDigaCollectionofShortStoriesaboutPopularCultureItsHistory,
ItsPeople,andItsPower."ThePopHistoryDigaCollectionofShortStoriesabout
PopularCultureItsHistory,ItsPeople,andItsPower.N.p.,n.d.Web.03Dec.2014.
<http://www.pophistorydig.com/topics/wonderfulworldarmstrong/>.
Weusedthestatuephotofromthiswebsite.
Wynn,Ron."LOUISARMSTRONGGreatestPerformancesofthe'30s,'40s,'50sand
'60sAmericanSongwriter."AmericanSongwriter.N.p.,1July2008.Web.03Dec.
2014.
<http://www.americansongwriter.com/2008/07/louisarmstronggreatestperformancesof
the30s40s50sand60s/>.
Weusedthemagazinecoverfromthiswebsite.
Rainbow,Jackie."PlayboyMagazineSeptember1954LouisArmstrong,Gina
Lolabrigida."PlayboyMagazineSeptember1954LouisArmstrong,GinaLolabrigida.
Playboy,1954.Web.03Dec.2014.
<http://www.dtmagazine.com/cmopg1924/pb954.html>.
Weusedtheplayboymagazinecoverfromhere
Woodward,C.Vann.TheStrangeCareerofJimCrow.NewYork:OxfordUP,1974.
Print.
Fromthisbookwewereabletofindalotofinformationaboutthebackgroundofthe
JimCrowera.
Billingsley,Hernandez10
Jones,Max,andJohnChilton.DieLouisArmstrongStory:19001971.Freiburg(im
Breisgau),Basel,Wien:Herder,1972.Print.
Weusedmanyphotosfromthissiteandsomequotes.
George,Charles.LifeundertheJimCrowLaws.SanDiego:Lucent,2000.Print.
LearnedmoreinformationaboutJimCrow.
Teachout,Terry.Pops:ALifeofLouisArmstrong.Boston:HoughtonMifflinHarcourt,
2009.Print.
Weusedthisformultiplereasonsmainlytogetmoreindepthinformationabout
Armstrong.
Shapiro,Nat,andNatHentoff.TheJazzMakers.NewYork:Rinehart,1957.Print.
WeusedthedescriptionofLouisArmstrongasareferenceandtheinformationabout
theotherjazzartists.
Blumenthal,Bob.Jazz:AnIntroductiontotheHistoryandLegendBehindAmerica's
Music.NewYork:HarperCollins,2007.Print.
FromthisbookweusedthebiographyofLouisArmstrongwithsomeofthequotes.
Meryman,Richard."AnAuthenticAmericanGenius."Life15Apr.1966:92116.Print.
Weusedtheinterviewinthistributeforquotes.
Saal,Hubert."GoodbyLouis."Newsweek19July1971:76.Print.
WegainedsomeinformationfromthisarticleofhowArmstrongimpactedthesociety.
