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Dispersion Model: D A DC DZ UA C

The dispersion model is used to model non-ideal plug flow reactors by accounting for small deviations from plug flow. It can be applied to turbulent flow, laminar flow in long pipes, but not laminar flow in short pipes. Axial dispersion occurs due to diffusion and the flattening of residence time distribution curves for pulse inputs. Axial dispersion is governed by Fick's law of dispersion and bulk flow, and the molar flow rate of a tracer substance is modeled using the dispersion coefficient, velocity, cross-sectional area, and concentration gradients.

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80 views2 pages

Dispersion Model: D A DC DZ UA C

The dispersion model is used to model non-ideal plug flow reactors by accounting for small deviations from plug flow. It can be applied to turbulent flow, laminar flow in long pipes, but not laminar flow in short pipes. Axial dispersion occurs due to diffusion and the flattening of residence time distribution curves for pulse inputs. Axial dispersion is governed by Fick's law of dispersion and bulk flow, and the molar flow rate of a tracer substance is modeled using the dispersion coefficient, velocity, cross-sectional area, and concentration gradients.

Uploaded by

Callum Biggs
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Dispersion Model

Used to model non ideal PFRs


o Deals with small deviations from PFR

Application of the Model


Turbulent Flow
Laminar Flow in long pipes
Not for laminar flow in short pipes
Fundamentals
Axial dispersion occurs in a non-ideal reactor (diffusion also occurs)
This dispersion results in the flattening of the RTD of a pulse input
o Particles are moved into areas of different velocity, hence the RTD is distorted
o Hence the pulse input can be used to determine the axial dispersion
o This distortion maintains the shape of the pulse

Axial dispersion is governed by

o Ficks Law of Dispersion ( D a A c

dC
)
dz

o Bulk Flow ( U A c C )

Model
Subscript T is for tracer
z is for the length
U is velocity
D is the dispersion coefficient
A c is the cross sectional area

Molar flow rate of a tracer

FT =Da A c

d CT
+U Ac CT
dz

FT , by both convection and dispersion is

Taking the mole balance on the inert T

d FT
d CT
=A c
dz
dt

Substituting the flow rate definition into the above and dividing by
2

Da

d CT
dz

d (U C T )
dz

d CT
dt

Considering laminar pipe flow


2

( ( ))

u ( r )=2 U 1

r
R

Ac

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