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3.4 Derivatives of Implicit Functions: X y y 9 X + y X+ Y) X y y

Derivatives of implicit functions can be found using implicit differentiation. The derivative of the implicit function y with respect to x is called the implicit derivative. Examples show taking the derivative of equations like x^2 + y^2 = 4xy and (x+y)^2 = 3xy by first differentiating each term, combining like terms, and then isolating dy/dx to find the implicit derivative y'.

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44 views

3.4 Derivatives of Implicit Functions: X y y 9 X + y X+ Y) X y y

Derivatives of implicit functions can be found using implicit differentiation. The derivative of the implicit function y with respect to x is called the implicit derivative. Examples show taking the derivative of equations like x^2 + y^2 = 4xy and (x+y)^2 = 3xy by first differentiating each term, combining like terms, and then isolating dy/dx to find the implicit derivative y'.

Uploaded by

Jenny Samson
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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3.

Derivatives of Implicit Functions


For functions, such as,

x
to

and

x + y =4 xy , x y=9 x + y

and

( x+ y )2=3 xy , the values of

are connected together in an equation. Finding for the derivative of

x , implicit differentiation can be applied. The

with respect

y , is called the implicit function of

x.

Example(a).
Find

'

y , of the equation,

x + y =4 xy .

Solution:

x 2+ y 2 =4 xy
First, differentiate each term of the equation.

2 xdx +2 ydy=4 ( xdy + ydx )


xdx+ ydy=2 xdy+ 2 ydx
Then, combine the terms containing the same differential making the terms of
the

left side and the terms of

dx

dy

on

on the other side on the equation, then factor out the terms.

ydy2 xdy=2 ydxxdx

( y2 x ) dy =( 2 y x ) dx
Divide both sides of the equation by the terms that will remain only
side

and all other terms on the other side.

[ ( y2 x ) dy =( 2 y x ) dx ]

1
( y 2 x ) dx

dy 2 yx
=
dx y 2 x
y'=

d y 2 yx
=
dx y2 x

Example(b).
Find

y ' , of the equation,

( x+ y )2=3 xy .

Solution:

( x+ y )2=3 xy
2 ( x + y ) ( dx +dy )=3 ( xdy + ydx )

dy
dx

on the left

2 xdy +2 ydy3 xdy =3 ydx2 xdx 2 ydx

( 2 yx ) dy =( y2 x ) dx
( y 2 x )
dy
= y'=
dx
( 2 yx )

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