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Keywords: Negative Sequence Current, Microcontroller, Definite and IDMT

Unbalanced three-phase systems experience negative sequence currents that can damage electric machines by causing excess heating and degrading insulation. To protect systems, a relay is needed to detect negative sequence current faults. However, existing negative sequence relays are expensive. The document proposes designing a digital relay using a microcontroller to measure phase currents from sensors and calculate negative sequence current. If this value exceeds a threshold, the microcontroller will activate a relay to disconnect the load. Testing showed the relay could detect all negative sequence faults, with tripping times varying based on fault level and whether the time delay characteristic was definite or inverse definite minimum time (IDMT).

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Rindu Putra Ambarita
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57 views1 page

Keywords: Negative Sequence Current, Microcontroller, Definite and IDMT

Unbalanced three-phase systems experience negative sequence currents that can damage electric machines by causing excess heating and degrading insulation. To protect systems, a relay is needed to detect negative sequence current faults. However, existing negative sequence relays are expensive. The document proposes designing a digital relay using a microcontroller to measure phase currents from sensors and calculate negative sequence current. If this value exceeds a threshold, the microcontroller will activate a relay to disconnect the load. Testing showed the relay could detect all negative sequence faults, with tripping times varying based on fault level and whether the time delay characteristic was definite or inverse definite minimum time (IDMT).

Uploaded by

Rindu Putra Ambarita
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ABSTRACT

Unbalance three-phase system has positive, negative and zero sequence in the voltages
and current. Negative sequence current has destructive effect expecially on clectric machine
because it causes heating and reduce quality of insulastion and it will shorten the lifetime of
machine In effort to protect system from negatif sequence current, a relay is needed to protect
system againts the disturbance of negative sequence current. The negative sequence current relay
has been available in the market but it is still considered expensive for education.
Based on the reason above, the final assignment is designed a digital relay that can
detect the fault of negative sequence current. The relay utilizes microcontroller to detect faults by
measuring the current values are gotten from current sensors at each phase. Microcontroler
calculates the value of negative sequence current. If the value of negative sequence current exceed
the setting current, Microcontroler will activate relay so that power supply to load is disconnected.
Process is to activate relay using time delay. The characteristics of time delay are IDMT and
Definite time.
Based on several tests, relay was able to detect all of negatif sequence current
disturbances. At definite time characteristic set up ,the tripping time remain constant although the
fault current was hinger. At IDMT characteristic, when the fault current was higher, then faster
trippping time was obtained. The highest fault was two-phase short circuit at 0,22 A with tripping
time was 630 ms (Definite) and 160 ms (IDMT). The lowest fault was two-phase open circuit at
0,05 A with tripping time was 660 ms (Definite) and 770 ms (IDMT).
Keywords: Negative Sequence Current, Microcontroller, Definite and IDMT.

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