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Alphabets of This New Literature Called Gas Dynamics

This document discusses key concepts in gas dynamics, including: 1) Stagnation conditions which describe fluid properties upstream of disturbances like shock waves. 2) The role of sonic velocity in fluid flow, including how fluid velocity relates to the speed of sound via the Mach number. 3) How nozzles can choke when fluid velocity reaches the speed of sound.

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V Dhinakaran
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223 views

Alphabets of This New Literature Called Gas Dynamics

This document discusses key concepts in gas dynamics, including: 1) Stagnation conditions which describe fluid properties upstream of disturbances like shock waves. 2) The role of sonic velocity in fluid flow, including how fluid velocity relates to the speed of sound via the Mach number. 3) How nozzles can choke when fluid velocity reaches the speed of sound.

Uploaded by

V Dhinakaran
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Basics of GAS DYNAMICS

P M V Subbarao
Associate Professor
Mechanical Engineering Department
I I T Delhi

Alphabets of this new literature called Gas Dynamics

Role of Sonic Velocity in Engineering

Ts , ps , s & hs
High pressure and High temperature fluid in closed tank.
Stagnation Conditions.

Role of Sonic Velocity in Engineering

w
w

c-w

c+w

Velocity of sound at any give flow velocity w.

Role of Sonic Velocity in Engineering

Define this critical parameter Velocity


of sound, c

w
w

c-c

c+c

Velocity of sound when flow velocity w=c.

Fluid Velocity
Mach Number , M
Velocity of Sound

Choking of Nozzle

Extent of Valve Opening

Moving Disturbance In A Fluid


Asanobjectmovesthroughafluidmediumitcreatespressurewaves.

Pressurewavestraveloutatthespeedofsoundwhichintermdepends
ongaspropertiesandtemperature(moreonthislater).
Iftheobjectistravelingsignificantlyslowerthansonicvelocity,then
pressurewavestraveloutuniformlysimilartowavesonthesurfaceofa
pond.

Moving Disturbance In A Fluid


Astheobjectapproachesthespeedofsound,itbeginstocatchup

withthepressurewavesandcreatesaninfinitesimallyweakflow
discontinuityjustaheadoftheaircraft

Moving Disturbance In A Fluid


Asthevehiclebreaksthespeedofsound,theinfinitesimallyweak

ShockwavesbegintoaddupalongaMachLineandformastrong
pressurewavewithhighlycompressedair,calledashockwave.

Moving Disturbance In A Fluid


AsMachnumberincreases,thestrengthoftheshockwaveincreases

andtheAngleoftheshockwavebecomesincreasinglysevere

Credit:SelkirkCollegeProfessionalAviationProgram

MachAngle
1

sin M

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