why cox | evi | pue Notes: ‘The sound ffs very common in unstressed syllables in English this senterest ecu seven times: Poverty at th cnt a th problem. “The sound fa relatively uncommon in Enh Many owe or itong sounds canbe spltin diferent ways, 9 in hac tur, hc, ‘sat and many ei pling ean ba pronendinaifret wn, 0. Ran el at Ii, heart fe, heard |1 Vowel sounds 1, word stress and weak forms nis unt you wi + ean which phonemic symbol represen cersn vowel sounds pce eeagnaing ad prose ese vowel sures 1 lee about the cones othe sland word stress 1 practi prong word ith he conet wad tess pce contig wes forms of uncon word when sen ‘hare are 12 vows sound in gi. In tis unit, you wl focus en the six scuncs shaded in th table ‘You vl ao lok thon sone xe usedin Sables anda fect by wor sept. ee ——— ; 11 D> coe ttisten tothe eiference in the pronunciation ofthese pairs of words. In each of them the vowel sound is aifferent. a fi feet 6p ep | tt haat 2 lek band bend ed hed 2 delta hat ear mach mach | pack pak eal or Academie study2 13 Lcten again and repeat the words D> col-2 You will hear some ofthe words from Ex 12. Usten and ee the ‘phonemic transcription that matches the pronunciation ofthe word you hea. 1 2 2. 4 5 i. Mey 5. wea pk! 2 Apt ea It res) Imes! Pas Au Post 10. bend! ws i Ie! Joos Poco ‘Note: You can check all your answers atthe bak ofthe Book on pages 102-12, D> cot: Listen to sx more words and do activites a and b. Listen ad cele the phonemic transcription that ratches the pronunction ofthe word you het a sed i et! oe Paw oo ss Ay Ast ee oa! ‘ie the words, withthe cotect peng nthe spaces nett the phoneme warscios. eames dctoranes nese pronemitansepons fal the ponte of esbuley Yate ueeran abet i tReprenneaten of eo wae atasyle For pronunciation purposes, words can be died noses. & sabe cons only one vow sound, whch maybe preceded or folomed by consonants. Remembe tht soe consonants {Gr abo be pronounced as vowels for example, bess a weosjable Wor, because the = pronounced as a ome 21 > covstistento these examples of or 1. one-sjlable words ‘two, three or more sable words, aid quote source ‘ee 2. tmosy/lable words credit scent heavey equate 3, three more yale words poleieey sl 5 enevieronement nately _ invelovideual 22 cok Usten to these words and decde how many syllables there are in each of them. Slabs ‘lables 1. specie 6. consequent 2. ahr — 2 framewcrk 3 resouce _ S.sgntcat | __ 4 primary 9. adapt a 5. avalsble —_ 10, dfereniote “Theres some variation nthe way people pronounce word ard wher thay ‘ro sabes n sore mut-slable words For are some people pronancepeltay ‘with four sales fperlimunry whi ther people pronounce it th ive sles ‘pevumment In word of mor than one sll one late semphaied OES ‘mare an offers thasastronger sound tan oe yes Tivoneeiarg emma ses pag bembundensood, this is inserted before the sins - nal or Acorn shy os ty : ¢al D> cot 6tisten fr the stressed sylable In these words. ‘he stressed lable marked wit) 3.2 COLT Usten again to the words from Ex2.2, Mark the sresed syllables se Shown inthe example. Example: 1. speatc 33D CoI-8 Listen tothe following sentences and mark the stressed sylable on the ay Undefined words, The frst one has been done for you. 1 The protection of chien the main ‘purose of is legato, 2. Thesamples were ana inthe bb, 3, Chemical anays ofthe rock prove suprising resus. 44. Te aimof the study was oon he facts ontibuting to domes vere 5. Beads re kept in an area onthe ground foo 6. The administration ofthese drugs neds to be closely maitored 7. In parcentage ters, his isnot significant increase {8 Thisis the standard pred for iting the spead ofthe dsease Task 4 Ca eae acoso! D> cot 9 Listen to these pars of sentences. Whats the difference inthe Pronunciation ofthe underlined words in each pair? How can you explain thi Utference? 1. a. Interest rates ae rn, No, that’s ot ue. We are doing someting about it ‘Would you te sama tea? ‘Most scent are convinced abou lobal warming but same are rot. ‘Wher: he coming frm? eats fered fram one reson to acther that your enor mine? an Boron your dctenary? 2 ‘44 shows thatthe pronunciation of ome function words not hws the same, Function words ndude conuncions, proncun,peposios, artes, deteminets and aula verbs. They donot appear to have much meaning, but they Fave a ‘fanaa funeionn the sentence General, function wor is unstressed anit very ten ves the sound stead of the fl yonel This reduced vonel sou known os weak form.42 Inthe sentences in 41, you wil se that function words arses when they a ‘mb 0, No, thats rot tue. ease don sorting abou Tis a dee to [dete canis 09, Most sents ate conned Ba sono. You 0 rice hat function ward the end of setenes or querton sve sg fo “The following able contains some examples ofthese function werd and thee iferen pronunciations Sirenedvong | Unsreseank wa Fe Te than ‘sd oa! ten ent cl | yeu in is! | 5 m7 i | for feos! Sot | oe a ial 1 S ad oo es sal Festal oes [aust ead a [ent kon > 10 Lsten to these sentences and wrt inthe missing words, which ae ‘weak forms of funtion words 4 One critic eves the board was ther lack —__ franc contol same ert dng th cantoence 1. Tissue was decued These pins should ‘bsen made mere eect ths changein behaviour? 2 3 |. How do we acount. 5 6 This might do more harm geod, ‘is tnd of estructural regarded by employees. acange ‘the worse. 7. Ths problem et ee 8 “Trade sanction il be imposed wth effec. the 1 of decemberLs : 43. coLM Study the folowing introduction from a lecture on globalizstion. Usten and write in the missing words. They ae all weak forms of function words. el sos om gig oak abou tnizton toy, hich ne | te cops orbit you ke, ele 20" ei | canis scrsttyn. sd ty pic ee “nna by nec and when hee eferng jobaizaton thay ak about hing the ‘wayue. ‘communicate slot nstananecust nowadays with poole on the other de aa ‘wold by @-mal by tevbon Thee a aking about, ‘ample the way that fallin share pics in one pat a example inthe Fr East, have an mest impacton the stock ares on wor ie London oak. the these 44 D> cov t2 Listen to these phrases and repest them. Can you Identify and produce ‘the weak forms ofthe functlon words? past and present flues 6 more oes fy 7. needless 0 9 8 8 1 ‘wogood tbe tue 2 3. they wer selected at andom 4 5 it's gone fom bad to wae itwasfar fom dese \wellhave to wait ard see the sus ofthe te 10, wehad some protien