INTRODUCTION TO

INTELLIGENCE
 OVERVIEW OF INTELLIGENCE

Intelligence is defined as the product

resulting from the collection, evaluation,
analysis, integration and the interpretation of
all available information.
Intelligence is processed information.
 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Information – unprocessed information or raw
data.

Intelligence Information – Information gathered or

received which is of intelligence interest.

Intelligence Community - It is an integrated and

neatly organized entity composed of units or
agencies which have intelligence interest and
responsibilities.

Informant – It is anyone who can furnish

information.
 FOUR AXIOMS OF INTELLIGENCE

AXIOM 1 – Intelligence is crucial to Intel

Security
AXIOM 2 – Intelligence is crucial to all types
of Operation
AXIOM 3 – Intelligence is the responsibility of
all Intelligence Agencies
AXIOM 4 – Intelligence of the Government
must be superior to that of the
enemy
 CATEGORIES OF INTELLIGENCE

TACTICAL INTELLIGENCE – focuses on subject/

operations; short term;

STRATEGIC INTELLIGENCE –deals with political,

economic and military capabilities and
vulnerabilities of all nations.

COUNTERINTELLIGENCE – concerns with security

of information, personnel, material and installation
BASIC PRINCIPLE OF INTELLIGENCE

- Intelligence is continuous

- Intelligence operations and tactical

operations are inter-dependent

- Intelligence must be useful

- Intelligence must be timely

BASIC PRINCIPLE OF INTELLIGENCE

- Intelligence operations must be

flexible

- Intelligence operations requires

imagination and foresight

- Intelligence requires constant

security measures
 DI Organizational Structure

Director

Deputy
Director

Executive
Officer

APMS BFS

IOD CSD IRC FLD ITG

 IOD Organizational Structure

Chief, IOD Technical

Area Police Support
Intelligence Coordinating
Fusion Centers AC, IOD Center

Plans, Policy Project Organized

Police Counter-
And Management Threat
Intelligence Terrorism
Organization And Special Section
Section Section
Section Studies (OTS)
(PIS) (CTS)
(PPOS) Section
(PMSSS)
CSD Organizational Structure

C, CSD

AC, CSD

Management CI CI Security
and Support Operations Section
Section Section
 FLD Organizational Structure
Office of the Chief
Foreign Liaison Division

Special
Requirements Desk

AC, FLD

PROTOCOL ATTACHÉ FOREIGN

AND LIAISON MANAGEMENT INTELLIGENCE
SECTION SECTION SECTION

OPA Kuala Lumpur,

Malaysia
OPA Islamabad,
Pakistan
OPA Beijing, China

OPA Washington
DC, USA
OPA Riyadh, KSA
 IRC Organizational Structure

Chief, IRC

Asst Chief, IRC

Terrorist Classified
Terrorist Other Information
Group II Criminality Records And
Group 1 Group System
Section Section Registry
Section Section Section
Section

Strategic
Research
Section
 Members of the PNP
Intelligence Community
- Intelligence Group (IG)
- Regional Intelligence Divisions (RIDs), Police
Regional Offices
- Assistant Director for Intelligence (ADIs), National
Support Units

a. CIDG
b. SAF
c. AVSEG
d. MARIG
e. HPG
f. PSPO
 PNP Intel Community Structure

Director

Deputy
Director

Executive
Officer

APMS BFS

IOD CSD IRC FLD ITG

IG/ RIDs, IOs, Special

ADIs, NSUs PROs Units/TFs
INTELLIGENCE CYCLE and MANAGEMENT
 WHY
Intelligence?
Intelligence – product resulting from
the collection , evaluation, analysis,
integration, and the interpretation of
all available information.

Intelligence - is a processed information.

Data + Analysis = Intelligence

 DEFINITION OF TERMS

PIR’s – Priority Intelligence Requirement

OIR’s – Other Intelligence Requirements

SOR’s – Specific Order Requests

.
 DEFINITION OF TERMS

Wanted List – It is for crime suspects with

warrant of arrests

Watch List – It is for those without warrant of

arrests.

Target List – it is for organized crime groups.

"Now the reason the enlightened
prince and the wise general conquer
the enemy whenever they move, and
their achievements surpass those of
ordinary men, is foreknowledge*.“

* foreknowledge – knowledge of something before it happens

Sun Tzu: A Chinese military strategist

emphasized the need for Intelligence
 INTELLIGENCE

Police Intelligence – used in the

preparation and execution of police
plans, policies, and programs

Product resulting from the collection,

evaluation, analysis, integration, and the
interpretation of all available information
which concerns one or more aspects of
criminal activity significant to police
planning and operations
 INTELLIGENCE

indispensable in the aspect of police work in

preventing/controlling:
– criminality
– insurgency
– terrorism
– international crime
lifeblood in the course of the investigation without
intelligence data investigation could hardly
succeed
On Criminality

Intel focuses its resources/skills on anticipated

crimes to neutralize them before they occur
Intel officers/analysts:
– assess/report to investigation they observe as
future crimes
– make short and long range strategy suggestions
On Insurgency

RA 8551 - placed PNP as support to the AFP in

COIN opns thru intel gathering

Congress recognizes the capability and

competence of PNP intel in COIN
On Transnational Crimes

PNP gather data/information on international

crime syndicates thru:
– regular exchange of information with
counterparts
– establishment of police attaches
– reciprocity in training needs.
The INTELLIGENCE CYCLE
SUPERVISION

Dissemination Directing
And Use

MISSION

Processing Collecting

SUPERVISION
 Direction Phase
 Determination of Intelligence Requirements

 Classification of Intelligence Requirements

into PIR’s; OIR’s

 Determination of Intelligence Priorities

 Determination of Intelligence indicators,

enemy activities

 Determination of Intelligence Specific Orders

or Requirements, agency and request for
information
 COLLECTION PHASE
COLLECTION OF INFORMATION -
systematic exploitation of sources of
information by collection agencies and the
delivery of the information obtained to the
proper intelligence unit or agency

 Directed
 Focused gathering of info
thru overt/covert means
 COLLECTION PHASE
Collection Plan
a dynamic tool used to coordinate and
integrate the efforts of all collection units
and agencies

assist the Collection Manager in

organizing his thought processes

continually revised as required

MISSION: To collect information on the recruitment activities of the
CPP/NPA in Aurora

Info Reqt Type of Info Source or Collection Collection

Agency Method Task
Who are General: RIO, IG Conf’l Researcher to
involved? Background RID Requests complete by
-Assessment S2, Inf Bn, PA (PIRs/SORs) 6/30/10
Material
- organization
and structure
Specific: PIT Conf’l Researcher to
-List of MPS/CPS Request complete by
members BIN 6/30/10
- Details of Task: Info IH to complete
members Handler by 6/30/10
Task: ST to complete
Surveillance by 6/30/10
Team
 COLLECTION PHASE
 Collector Needs to look for:
 Information to support the task
 Information on crimes or
criminals/DTs (Local and Foreign
Terrorist)
 Information on the infrastructure
that criminals may use
 Information on trends that may
affect criminal activity
 Information on criminal markets
 COLLECTION PHASE
Police Information Collection Activities:
 Roving Police Patrols
 Surveillance
 Criminal Investigation
 Informants/informers
 Tactical Interrogations
 Investigations
 Search and seizures
 Checkpoints
 Interview and elicitations
 COLLECTION PHASE
SOURCES OF INFORMATION:
 Human sources
 Criminals and their relatives/ associates
 Informants
 Witnesses
 Offenders and prisoners
 Other police, investigators or
intelligence officers
 Private investigators
 Business and community people
 Academics and consultants
 COLLECTION PHASE
Field Sources - permanent and
specialized collectors; police or
intelligence officers who work in the
field
 Surveillance teams
 Undercover operatives
 Informant handlers
 Aerial or coastal surveillance
 Police and intelligence officers
using police powers
 Liaison officers
 COLLECTION PHASE
Scientific Sources - specialized internal
areas of the organization; posses expert
knowledge or specialized equipment to
extract information
 Physical evidence/forensic teams
 Financial investigators or forensic
accountants
 Economists
 Drug analysts
 IT specialists
 Psychological assessors
 Computer crime specialists
 COLLECTION PHASE

Methods of Collection
Overt collection (90 %)
 Interviews and surveys
 Database manipulation
(computer)
 Requests for information
 Electronic surveillance CCTV
 Evidence in court matters
 COLLECTION PHASE

 Covert collection (10%)

 Informants
 Surveillance teams
 Confidential requests for
information
 Telephone intercepts/listening
devices
PROCESSING OF INFORMATION
PHASE
Recording – reduction of info to writing or some
other form of graphical representation and the
arranging of info into groups of related items;
info are entered into the database.
Evaluation – determination of pertinence, reliability,
and accuracy of info; determination of the
pertinence of significance of info relative to the
operation, reliability of sources or agency, and
accuracy of info.
Interpretation Analysis - determination of the
significance of the information relative to the
information and intelligence already known, and
drawing deductions about the probable meaning
of the evaluated information
PROCESSING OF INFORMATION
PHASE
Recording of Information
Means of recording information
 Intelligence Journal
 Intelligence Workbook
 Enemy Situation Map
 Order of Battle Records/Watch Lists
 Coordinate Register
 Identification Files (3 Types)
 Persons
 Numbers
 Non-persons
PROCESSING OF INFORMATION
PHASE
Recording of Information
 Collation–filtering and sorting of
information, including deciding what is
potentially relevant
Allows to identify patterns within the
information through the use of graphs
(link diagrams and Charts) the
relationships between:
People
Entities
Events
Patterns
PROCESSING OF INFORMATION
PHASE
Evaluation of Information
Reliability of Source (Letter)
A – Completely Reliable
B – Usually Reliable
C – Fairly Reliable
D – Not usually Reliable
E – Unreliable
F – Reliability Cannot Be Judged
PROCESSING OF INFORMATION
PHASE
Evaluation of Information
Accuracy of Information (Numeral)

1 – Confirmed by Other Sources

2 – Probably True
3 – Possibly True
4 – Doubtfully True
5 – Improbable
6 – Truth Cannot be Judged
 PROCESSING OF INFORMATION
PHASE
Evaluation of Information
Sources of Information (AFP / PNP)
T – Direct observation by the Commander of a Unit
U – Report by penetration agent or resident agent
V – Report by AFP trooper or PNP personnel in
encounter or operation
W – Interrogation of a captured enemy agent
X – Observation by a government or civilian
employee or official
Y – Observation by a member of the populace
Z – Documentary
 PROCESSING OF INFORMATION
PHASE
Interpretation and Analysis
 Activities in the Interpretation of Information

 Assessment- summary of investigative

research ( includes charts, tables,
graphs, and maps
 Integration- combination of new and
known information.
 Deduction- answer the question “What
does this information means in relation
to the enemy , weather and area of
operation.
 DISSEMINATION AND USE PHASE

 Delivery of intelligence to users in a suitable

form and the application of the intelligence to
appropriate missions, tasks, and functions.
 It should reach decision makers/users with
due consideration to;

 Timeliness
 Propriety
 DISSEMINATION AND USE PHASE

Methods of Dissemination
 Personal contact
 Conferences
 Briefings
 Person – to – person exchanges)
 Messages
 Couriers
 Secured electrical means
 DISSEMINATION AND USE PHASE
Methods of Dissemination
 Intelligence Documents
 Intel Reports
 Intel Summaries
 Imagery Interpretation Reports
 Document Analysis Reports
 Periodic Intel Reports
 Tactical Intel Reports
 Technical Intelligence Reports
 Technical Intelligence Bulletin
 PACREP
 ORBAT Handbook
 SUMMARY
 Intelligence Cycle feeds back upon
itself
 Ensures that assessments continue to
be refined
 Intelligence stays up-to-date
 Responds to the need of the
Commander
 Continuous assessment of
intelligence operations during
each phase of the intelligence
cycle to ensure that the
intelligence requirements are
being met
 SUMMARY

“The process of creating reliable,

accurate intelligence is DYNAMIC
and NEVER ENDING. The
intelligence process or cycle
begins with QUESTIONS – the
answers to which inevitably lead to
more QUESTIONS. So,
essentially, the end of the cycle is
the beginning of the next cycle.“
Thank you for your
attention.
Good day!
INTELLIGENCE OPERATIONAL CYCLE
INTELLIGENCE OPERATIONAL CYCLE

Mission/ Objective:

“At the end of this lecture

participants should realize the
importance of IOC in the conduct of
Intelligence Operations”
INTELLIGENCE OPERATIONAL CYCLE
INTELLIGENCE OPERATIONAL CYCLE

 Why recruit when you can have the

information thru overt or open sources

 Is the agency capable of supporting a

covert and clandestine operation
INTELLIGENCE OPERATIONAL CYCLE

 IOC - Is the chronological development

of collection activities from the time of
basic requirements to the time of
submission of the final products.
products
 In each stage are considered series of
Guidelines that assist the staff planner.
INTELLIGENCE OPERATIONAL CYCLE

Steps in the Intelligence Operational Cycle

 Mission
 Operational Planning
 Spotting
 Investigation and Assessment
 Recruitment
 Training
 Briefing
INTELLIGENCE OPERATIONAL CYCLE

Steps in the Intelligence Operational Cycle

 Operational Testing
 Dispatch and Reception
 Communication
 Debriefing
 Payment
 Disposition
 Reporting
INTELLIGENCE OPERATIONAL CYCLE

SUMMARY:
 Generally, Intelligence Operational
Cycle comes into play when there is no
other way of completing the mission
requirement but to recruit an
INFORMER or an AGENT with access
to the target organization
INTELLIGENCE OPERATIONAL CYCLE
SUMMARY:

 Unending supply of OSINT coming

from all sources, undeniably some
maybe coming from the enemy, mostly
for propaganda, misinformation,
disinformation and the likes, with only
one purpose, TO CONFUSE THE
INTELLIGENCE SUPERVISORS,
GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS AND
POLICY MAKERS.
INTELLIGENCE OPERATIONAL CYCLE

SUMMARY:

 Lastly, in recruiting
an agent …….
ACCESS and PLACEMENT
is the Key