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Student Results, G/ms A B C D

The document contains 5 examples involving the estimation and measurement of various physical quantities and the analysis of errors. Example 1 asks to estimate quantities like the mass of an apple or the speed of a jet. Example 2 classifies errors as random or systematic for measurements like using a ruler or human reaction time. Example 3 analyzes the accuracy and precision of 4 students' measurements of free fall acceleration. Example 4 discusses potential random and systematic errors in determining the spring constant of a spring and how to minimize errors in readings. Example 5 addresses random errors in digital meters and why the voltmeter resistance must exceed the wire resistance to avoid a systematic error.

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62 views3 pages

Student Results, G/ms A B C D

The document contains 5 examples involving the estimation and measurement of various physical quantities and the analysis of errors. Example 1 asks to estimate quantities like the mass of an apple or the speed of a jet. Example 2 classifies errors as random or systematic for measurements like using a ruler or human reaction time. Example 3 analyzes the accuracy and precision of 4 students' measurements of free fall acceleration. Example 4 discusses potential random and systematic errors in determining the spring constant of a spring and how to minimize errors in readings. Example 5 addresses random errors in digital meters and why the voltmeter resistance must exceed the wire resistance to avoid a systematic error.

Uploaded by

joe
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Ex.

1 Estimate the following quantities


a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
k)
l)
m)

the mass of an apple,


the weight of an adult human
the height of a room in a house
the diameter of a pencil
the diameter of a hair
the length of a car
the volume of a pea
the volume of a human head
the speed of a jumbo jet
reaction time of a human
power of an electric bulb
atmospheric pressure at sea level
k.e of a car moving on the motorway

Note: Estimated magnitudes of quantities are given to 1 or at most 2 sf.


Ex 2: State whether the error in each of the following cases is a random or a systematic error.
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i

Estimating a length to one-tenth of a mm using a ruler graduated in mm.


Human reaction time lag,
Non-uniformity of diameter of a wire
Using a slow-running stop watch.
Uncertainty in deciding when the image on a screen is in sharpest focus.
A background count in a radioactivity experiment
Fluctuation of air movement
Expansion or contraction of a meter rule
Air resistance in the determination of g in free falling experiment

Ex3: Four students each made a series of measurements of the acceleration of free fall g. The
table shows the results obtained.
Student
A
B
C
D

9.81
9.81
9.45
8.45

Results, g/ms-2
9.79
9.84
10.12
9.89
9.21
8.99
8.46
8.50

Which student obtained a set of results that could be described as


(a) precise and accurate?
(b) precise but not accurate?
(c) accurate but not precise?
(d) neither accurate nor precise?

9.83
8.94
8.76
8.41

load

metre rule

Ex4: The diagram shows the apparatus that could be used to determine the spring constant k
of a spring. (a) Give one example of a systematic error and one example of a random error
which could occur in this experiment. (b) Readings of the position of the lower end of the
spring are made using a metre rule. Suggest a method by which the error in these readings
may be kept to a minimum.

Ex5: A student set up the circuit shown in the diagram in order to determine the resistance of
a wire.
The ammeter and voltmeter were both digital.
(a) State one possible random error which could
occur in the use of the digital meters. How could
A
V
this error be kept to a minimum?

wire

(b) Explain why the voltmeter must have a resistance much greater than that of the wire in
order to avoid a systematic error in the use of the ammeter.

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