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ANSWERS Motors and Generators Assignment

Direct current (DC) flows in a constant direction, produced by batteries and solar cells. Alternating current (AC) periodically reverses direction in a sine wave pattern. AC is obtained from rotating magnets in generators and has a frequency of 50-60Hz, while DC has zero frequency and is obtained from batteries. Motors convert electrical energy to mechanical motion, while generators convert mechanical energy to electrical energy using electromagnetic principles. Transformers have coils wound around a steel core to step up or step down voltages without moving parts.

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1K views3 pages

ANSWERS Motors and Generators Assignment

Direct current (DC) flows in a constant direction, produced by batteries and solar cells. Alternating current (AC) periodically reverses direction in a sine wave pattern. AC is obtained from rotating magnets in generators and has a frequency of 50-60Hz, while DC has zero frequency and is obtained from batteries. Motors convert electrical energy to mechanical motion, while generators convert mechanical energy to electrical energy using electromagnetic principles. Transformers have coils wound around a steel core to step up or step down voltages without moving parts.

Uploaded by

نورول نضيره رشدي
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Physics 12

Name:

ANSWERS: Motors and Generators Assignment

Part II: Comparing AC and DC


1. What is direct current?
Direct current (DC) is when the electric current flows in a constant direction.
Direct current is produced by batteries, solar cells, and commutator-type electric
machines.
2. What alternating current?
The current changes polarity or direction, over time. The flow of electric charge
periodically reverses direction in AC current. The usual waveform of an AC
power circuit is a sine wave
3. Compare and contrast AC and DC.

AC

DC

Cause of the
direction of flow of
electrons:

Rotating magnet along the wire.

Steady magnetism along the wire.

Frequency:

The frequency of alternating current


is 50Hz or 60Hz depending upon the
country.

The frequency of direct current is


zero.

Direction:

It reverses its direction while flowing


in a circuit.

It flows in one direction in the circuit.

Current:

It is the current of magnitude varying


with time

It is the current of constant


magnitude.

Obtained from:

A.C Generator

Battery

4. List some examples of when a DC electric motor might be used.


Many electrical appliances such as computers for example use DC current.
5. List some examples of when an AC electric motor might be used.
Power is supply to houses in AC current. Examples = washing machine, dryer,
fans, refrigerator
Part III: Motors, Generators and Transformers
1. Compare and contrast motors and generators.
An electric motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. A generator
converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. Both use the principles of
electromagnetism.
2. Where does the kinetic energy come from in the following types of
generators?
a. Gas generators
Combustion of the gas
b. Windmill
The wind
c. Crank radio
The hand winding the spring inside
3. What is a transformer?
A transformer is an electrical device which converts alternating current from one
voltage to another. It has no moving parts and consists of two or more coils of
insulated wire wound on a laminated steel core.
4. Explain the difference between a step-up and a step-down transformer (a
diagram may be helpful).
So a step up transformer increases the voltage and a step down transformer
decreases the voltage.

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