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Distributive Justice: Anjali Sharma Amit Singhania

Distributive justice concerns the fair and just allocation of goods in a society. There are several theories of distributive justice that attempt to answer what goods should be distributed, who they should be distributed to, and how they should be distributed. Major theories include egalitarianism, which argues goods should be distributed equally; giving people what they deserve based on merit, needs, or contributions; fairness as proposed by John Rawls; and welfare maximization or utilitarianism, which aims to maximize total welfare.

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Ardhendu Srivastava
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262 views11 pages

Distributive Justice: Anjali Sharma Amit Singhania

Distributive justice concerns the fair and just allocation of goods in a society. There are several theories of distributive justice that attempt to answer what goods should be distributed, who they should be distributed to, and how they should be distributed. Major theories include egalitarianism, which argues goods should be distributed equally; giving people what they deserve based on merit, needs, or contributions; fairness as proposed by John Rawls; and welfare maximization or utilitarianism, which aims to maximize total welfare.

Uploaded by

Ardhendu Srivastava
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DISTRIBUTIVE JUSTICE

Anjali Sharma
Amit Singhania
Distributive justice

JUSTICE

Justice is the concept of moral rightness based on


ethics, rationality, law, natural law, religion,
fairness, or equity, along with the punishment of
the breach of said ethics.
DEFINATIONS
 Distributive justice concerns what some
consider to be socially just with respect to the
allocation of goods in a society.

 Distributive justice could be considered a


means that addresses the burdens and
benefits to some norm of equality to
members.
 Distributive justice is also sometimes linked to the
concepts of human rights, human dignity, and the
common good.

Theories of distributive justice

“Distributive justice theory argues that societies


have a duty to individuals in need and that all
individuals have duties to help others in need.”
Theories of distributive justice need to answer
three questions:

Q1. What goods are to be distributed?

Q2. Between what entities are they to be distributed?

Q3. What is the proper distribution?


VARIOUS THEORIES
Egalitarianism

 The basic view of egalitarian theory of distributive


justice is “goods should be distributed equally.”

 Egalitarian demands for equality of opportunity


and for equality of outcome.
Giving people what they deserve
 This theory of distributive justice claims that
“everyone should get what they deserve.”

 Meritocratic theory

 Needs-based theory

 Contribution-based theory
Fairness

John Rawls used a social contract argument to show


that justice, and especially distributive justice, is a
form of fairness: an impartial distribution of
goods.

Rawls's two principles of justice:


 Each person is to have equal rights and equal

liberties.

 Social and economic inequalities are to be


arranged.
Property Rights (non-
coercion)/Having the right history

 Robert Nozick argued that all attempts to


redistribute goods according to an ideal pattern,
without the consent of their owners, are theft.

 The result is that the world will have generated the


greatest total benefit from the limited, scarce
resources available in the world. Further, this will
have been accomplished without taking anything
away from anyone by coercion.
Welfare-maximization

 Also called Utilitarianism.

 According to the utilitarian, justice requires the


maximization of the total or average welfare across
all relevant individuals.
THANK YOU

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