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Pathophysiology of Pud

Peptic ulcer disease is caused by erosion of the stomach's mucosal lining due to an imbalance between aggressive factors like acid and pepsin and defensive factors. Risk factors include age, gender, lifestyle choices, H. pylori infection, and medications. Damage to the mucosal barrier allows acid to enter and cause ulcers, potentially leading to complications like bleeding if left untreated. Treatment involves dietary changes, medications to reduce acid production, and sometimes surgery.

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Angel-Jeh De Guzman
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4K views3 pages

Pathophysiology of Pud

Peptic ulcer disease is caused by erosion of the stomach's mucosal lining due to an imbalance between aggressive factors like acid and pepsin and defensive factors. Risk factors include age, gender, lifestyle choices, H. pylori infection, and medications. Damage to the mucosal barrier allows acid to enter and cause ulcers, potentially leading to complications like bleeding if left untreated. Treatment involves dietary changes, medications to reduce acid production, and sometimes surgery.

Uploaded by

Angel-Jeh De Guzman
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE

Definition:

Peptic ulcer disease is an excavation (hollowed-out area) that forms in the


mucosal wall of the stomach. Erosion of a circumscribed area of mucous
membrane is the cause.

Risk Factors:
• Age (40-60)
• Gender (male)
• Lifestyle (alcohol ingestion)
• Familial tendency
• High, multiple use of aspirin and NSAIDS
• H. pylori
• Malignant tumors
• Gastric hyperacidity
• Stress
• Irritating foods

Damage to mucosa with


Acid & pepsinogen release alcohol abuse, smoking, use
Infection with Helicobacter of aspirin & NSAID’s
$ response to
with chronic vagal
pylori increased stress

Damaged mucosal
barrier

Imbalance of aggressive &


defensive factor

Low function of mucosal cells; low


quality of mucous; less of tight
junction between cells
Infection gives increased
gastrin & decreased
somatostatin production

Erosive gastritis: inflammation >>


decreased acid and intrinsic
factor

Mucosal ulcerations, possible


bleeding and scarring

A damage mucosa could not


secrete enough mucus to act as
a barrier against gastric acid.

Severe ulcerations:
Signs and symptoms:
• Epigastric pain
• Hematemesis
• Dyspepsia
• pyrosis

Diagnostic Procedures: Complications:


• Upper Gi series • Hemorrhage
• Gastroscopy/ • Gastric Outlet
Endoscopy Obstruction
• Barrium Study
• H. Pylori Tests
• Stomach biopsy

Treatment:
• Dietary Recovery
Management
• Medical
Management
• Surgery

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