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Use of Statistical Tecniques For Testing of Hypothesis: - Mansi Mrunmayee Shruti

The document discusses the t-test, a statistical technique used for hypothesis testing. The t-test compares sample means to determine if they are statistically different from the hypothesized population mean. The procedure involves selecting a null hypothesis about the population mean, calculating the sample mean and standard deviation, and using a t-table to determine if the calculated t-value is larger than the critical value, which would lead to rejecting the null hypothesis. An example calculates the t-value for breaking strengths of wires to test if the mean is 578kg as hypothesized. The t-value is not larger than the critical value so the null hypothesis is not rejected.

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Mansi Ramteke
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68 views12 pages

Use of Statistical Tecniques For Testing of Hypothesis: - Mansi Mrunmayee Shruti

The document discusses the t-test, a statistical technique used for hypothesis testing. The t-test compares sample means to determine if they are statistically different from the hypothesized population mean. The procedure involves selecting a null hypothesis about the population mean, calculating the sample mean and standard deviation, and using a t-table to determine if the calculated t-value is larger than the critical value, which would lead to rejecting the null hypothesis. An example calculates the t-value for breaking strengths of wires to test if the mean is 578kg as hypothesized. The t-value is not larger than the critical value so the null hypothesis is not rejected.

Uploaded by

Mansi Ramteke
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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USE OF STATISTICAL TECNIQUES

FOR TESTING OF HYPOTHESIS


-MANSI
MRUNMAYEE
SHRUTI
What is T-Test

 T-test is Statistical Data Analysis procedure for


hypothesis testing.
 T-test is used for comparing the arithmetic means
of sample even if they are different in number
 T-test compares the actual difference between
means in relation to the variation in the data
 T-test is based on t-distribution
PROCEDURE FOR T-TEST
• List the data for sample.
• Select null hypothesis.
• Calculate mean of sample.
• Calculate the sd.
• Calculate the variance of the difference
between the two means.
• Calculate the t value.
WHEN TO USE T-Test
 When population varience is not known.
 When sample size is small ( < 30 )
 T-test is any statistical hypothesis test in which
the test statistic follows a t distribution if the null
hypothesis is true.
CONCEPT OF T-TEST

Sample size=20 students


H0:µ=Avg height=5’5”
Ha:µ≠5’5”

µ>5’5”
µ<5’5”

Actual avg height=5’6”


accept

reject reject

2.5% 2.5%

2/15/10
Formula for t

t=X-µHo
σs /√n
Where
X=actual mean
µHo=assumed mean
σs=standard deviation
n=sample size
EXAMPLE

PROBLEM- The specimen wires drawn from a large lot have the following breaking strength(in kg weight):
578,572,570,568,572,578,570,572,596,544
test whether the mean breaking strength may be taken as 578kg. (test at 5% level of significance)

SOLUTION-
HO:µ=µHo=578kg
Ha:µ≠µHo
Sr no Xi Xi-X (Xi-X)^2

1 578 6 36
2 572 0 0
3 570 -2 4
4 568 -4 16
5 572 0 0
6 578 6 36
7 570 -2 4
8 572 0 0
9 596 24 576
10 544 -28 784
N=10
∑Xi ∑(Xi-X)^2
=1456
=5720
X=572
σs =12.72kg
t= -1.488
LEVEL OF SIGNIFICANCE=5%
df=n-1=9
according to the t-table R=2.262
as R>t
null hypothesis is true.
Tail Probabilities
One Tail 0.10 0.05 0.025 0.01 0.005 0.001 0.0005
Two Tails 0.20 0.10 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.002 0.001
-------+---------------------------------------------------------+-----
D 1| 3.078 6.314 12.71 31.82 63.66 318.3 637 | 1
E 2 | 1.886 2.920 4.303 6.965 9.925 22.330 31.6 | 2
G 3 | 1.638 2.353 3.182 4.541 5.841 10.210 12.92 | 3
R 4 | 1.533 2.132 2.776 3.747 4.604 7.173 8.610 | 4
E 5 | 1.476 2.015 2.571 3.365 4.032 5.893 6.869 | 5
E 6 | 1.440 1.943 2.447 3.143 3.707 5.208 5.959 | 6
S 7 | 1.415 1.895 2.365 2.998 3.499 4.785 5.408 | 7
8 | 1.397 1.860 2.306 2.896 3.355 4.501 5.041 | 8
O 9 | 1.383 1.833 2.262 2.821 3.250 4.297 4.781 | 9
F 10 | 1.372 1.812 2.228 2.764 3.169 4.144 4.587 | 10
11 | 1.363 1.796 2.201 2.718 3.106 4.025 4.437 | 11
F 12 | 1.356 1.782 2.179 2.681 3.055 3.930 4.318 | 12
R 13 | 1.350 1.771 2.160 2.650 3.012 3.852 4.221 | 13
E 14 | 1.345 1.761 2.145 2.624 2.977 3.787 4.140 | 14
E 15 | 1.341 1.753 2.131 2.602 2.947 3.733 4.073 | 15
D 16 | 1.337 1.746 2.120 2.583 2.921 3.686 4.015 | 16
O 17 | 1.333 1.740 2.110 2.567 2.898 3.646 3.965 | 17
M 18 | 1.330 1.734 2.101 2.552 2.878 3.610 3.922 | 18
19 | 1.328 1.729 2.093 2.539 2.861 3.579 3.883 | 19
20 | 1.325 1.725 2.086 2.528 2.845 3.552 3.850 | 20
21 | 1.323 1.721 2.080 2.518 2.831 3.527 3.819 | 21
2/15/10
THANK YOU

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