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Concept Map On Meconium Staining

The document presents a concept map of the risk factors and pathophysiological process leading to meconium-stained amniotic fluid. Risk factors include maternal hypertension, diabetes, breech presentation, smoking, and post-term pregnancy. These factors can cause fetal distress and hypoxia through mechanisms such as vascular constriction and reduced oxygen supply to the fetus, stimulating meconium passage before birth. Meconium aspiration after birth can then cause lung complications in the infant like pneumonitis. Nursing interventions include oxygen therapy, antibiotics, chest physiotherapy, and resuscitation if needed.

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Ferdie Reyes
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947 views2 pages

Concept Map On Meconium Staining

The document presents a concept map of the risk factors and pathophysiological process leading to meconium-stained amniotic fluid. Risk factors include maternal hypertension, diabetes, breech presentation, smoking, and post-term pregnancy. These factors can cause fetal distress and hypoxia through mechanisms such as vascular constriction and reduced oxygen supply to the fetus, stimulating meconium passage before birth. Meconium aspiration after birth can then cause lung complications in the infant like pneumonitis. Nursing interventions include oxygen therapy, antibiotics, chest physiotherapy, and resuscitation if needed.

Uploaded by

Ferdie Reyes
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Risk factors: Maternal hypertension Maternal diabetes mellitus Breech presentation Maternal heavy cigarette smoking Post-term pregnancy

Concept map of Meconium- stained amniotic fluid

Gestational Diabetes mellitus PIH Maternal heavy cigarette smoking


Maternal hyperglycemia Vasospasm Carbon monoxide induced tissue hypoxia and placental insufficiency

Fetal hyperglycemia

Circulation of blood to the placenta

Reduced availability of oxygenated blood to the fetus

Episodic fetal hyperinsulinemia

Less oxygen and blood supply of the fetus

Energy expenditure due to glucose to fat conversion

Fetal oxygen levels

Post-term pregnancy
Fetal distress and fetal hypoxia Maturation of the gastrointestinal tract

Breech presentation
Pressure in the anus

LEGEND:

Risk factors The pathway

Production in motilin

Relaxed anal sphincter

Compression of the cord or fetal head

The disease condition Clinical manifestations

Peristalsis

Stimulate vagal reflex

Fetal compromise

Nursing interventions

Physiologic passage of meconium

Meconium passage

Meconium staining of the amniotic fluid Postpartum aspiration In utero gasping

Continued fetal compromise

Remodeling of pulmonary vasculature Meconium aspiration Persistent pulmonary hypertension Peripheral airway obstruction Proximal airway obstruction Cytokine activation Inactivation of surfactant Lung compliance Vasoactive mediators

Pneumonitis Complete Partial Acidosis Atalectasis Ball-valve effect Air-trapping Ventilation/Perfusion mismatch Air leaks Hypoxemia Hypercapnea

Cyanosis Bradycardia Apnea y y Oxygen therapy Auscultate lung fields hourly and assess respiratory effort hourly, cyanosis, grunting, flaring or retracting and activity.

y y y y

Maintain adequate O2and ventilation Administer prophylactic antibiotics as indicated Infuse bicarbonate to combat respiratory acidosis Provide chest physiotherapy to assist with drainage and loosening of secretions

When head is born, immediately suction the naso and oropharynx Infant Active

No further resuscitation needed, dry baby and give to mother Respiration absent; HR <100; poor tone -Suction trachea beyond laryngeal folds -Provide exogenous surfactant

Infant Inactive

May require intubation and chest compression

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