Effective Teaching
Effective Teaching
STUDENTS
TEACHING,LEAR
NING PROCESS
MEDIA,
TEACHER
METHODS
Domains of Learning
Cognitive domain, dealing with thinking
processes
Psychomotor Domain, dealing with skills
of doing things
Affective Domain, dealing with interests,
attitudes, emotions etc.
Cognitive domain
Knowledge
Comprehension
Application
Analysis
Synthesis
Evaluation
Remember, Understand and Apply.
Psychomotor Domain
Cognitive phase (Imitation)
Fixation phase (Precision and
manipulation)
Autonomous phase (Naturalization and
Articulation)
This is known as Dave’s Taxonomy.
Affective Domain
Receiving (passively attending to stimulii)
Responding (Reacting to stimulii)
Valuing (Displays behaviour without
directions)
Organizing (Commitment to values)
Characterizing (Values Internalized)
Instructional Objectives
Written in the form of student performance
Criteria of performance
Uses verbs that can be assessed
Objectives are not for the teacher activity
but what the students will do after
instruction. Various levels of objectives
can be written in terms of levels of the
taxonomy.
Instructional Methods
Lectures
Improved, participative and mediated
Lecture
Demonstration
Group Discussion
Case study
Tutorial
Field visit
Instructional Methods
Simulations and Games
Industrial Visit
Project Method
CAL / CBT
Self Learning
On-line Learning
Role Play
Instructional Media
Chalk Board
OHP Transparencies
Models and Charts
Power Point Presentations
Computer Software
Self-Learning Modules
Students
Four General Philosophies of Human Nature
Inherently evil nature, education designed
to keep dangerous instincts under control
Hedonism, making learning a pleasurable
experience
Curious nature, discovery learning
Blank-slate, can be controlled and
motivated to learn.
Students
Individual differences
Purpose of Learning
Learning style
Design of Learning Experiences
Motivation
Individual Attention
Participative Learning
Teachers
Key elements in the teaching-learning
process
Change design according to content and
Objectives
(Exercise to identify good teacher
characteristics)
Evaluation
Student Evaluation
Measurement and Evaluation
Assessment Tools
Different for different Domain Objectives
Weak link in the system
Continuous and terminal Assessments
Finale
Instructional styles
Innovations in Teaching
Improve Subject knowledge, practical aspects
Improve Communication Skills
Different methods of presentation
Creating interest and motivation
Pay more attention to domains other than
cognitive