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Solved Problems in Thermodynamics

1. The document discusses 10 solved problems in thermodynamic property relations. The problems cover concepts like the Maxwell relation, Clausius-Clapeyron equation, ideal gas behavior, Joule-Thompson coefficient, enthalpy and entropy changes, heat of vaporization, and using property tables to estimate values. 2. The solutions use concepts, equations, and data from property tables to calculate thermodynamic properties or verify relationships. Integration, differentiation, and algebraic manipulations are employed. 3. References are provided for thermodynamics texts that provide relevant concepts, equations, and data.

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Richard Jess Chan
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2K views6 pages

Solved Problems in Thermodynamics

1. The document discusses 10 solved problems in thermodynamic property relations. The problems cover concepts like the Maxwell relation, Clausius-Clapeyron equation, ideal gas behavior, Joule-Thompson coefficient, enthalpy and entropy changes, heat of vaporization, and using property tables to estimate values. 2. The solutions use concepts, equations, and data from property tables to calculate thermodynamic properties or verify relationships. Integration, differentiation, and algebraic manipulations are employed. 3. References are provided for thermodynamics texts that provide relevant concepts, equations, and data.

Uploaded by

Richard Jess Chan
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Solved Problems in Thermodynamic Property Relations 1.) Verify the validity of the Maxwell relation IV (Eq. 3.

20) for steam at 250C and 300 kPa. Solution: ( ( [ ( ) ) ] [ ) ( ( ( ) ) ) ]

from steam tables: ( ( ) ) ( ( ) )

2.) Using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation, estimate the value of the enthalpy of vaporization of refrigerant-134a at 20C. Solution: ( from refrigerant tables: ( ( ) ( ) ) ( ( ( ) ( ) ) ) )

substituting these values to the equation for hfg: ( ) ( )( )

The actual value of hfg is 181.09 kJ/kg.

3.) Estimate the saturation pressure of refrigerant-134a at-50F, using the data available in the refrigerant tables. Solution: Using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation the saturation pressure can be extrapolated in the absence of a compete table. ( integrating the Clausius-Clapeyron equation: ( ) let T1 = -40F and T2 = -50F ( ) ( )( ) ( )( ) )( )

The actual value of the saturation pressure p2 at -50F is 5.505 psia.

4.) Show that

for an ideal gas.

Solution: This relation is proved by showing that the right-hand side of (5.31) is equivalent to the gas constant R of the ideal gas: ( ) ( )

( subtituting: ( )

( )

( ) (

5.) Show that the Joule-Thompson coefficient of an ideal gas is zero. Solution: ( For an ideal gas ) * ( ) +

, and thus ( )

substituting: * ( ) + [ ] ( )

6.) Determine the enthalpy change and entropy change of oxygen per unit mole as it undergoes a change of state from 220K and 5 MPa to 300K and 10 MPa (a) by assuming ideal-gas behavior and (b) by accounting for the deviation from ideal-gas behavior. Solution: (a) The enthalpy values at the initial and the final temperatures can be determined from the ideal-gas table at the specified temperatures: ) ( ) ( ) ( The entropy depends on both temperature and pressure even for ideal gases. Under the ideal-gas assumption, the entropy change of oxygen is determined from ( ) where: ( ) ( ) ( ( ) ) ( )

(b) The deviation from the ideal-gas behavior can be accounted for by determining the enthalpy and entropy from the generalized charts at each state: }

and }

Then,

)[

( (

) )]

and ( ( ) ( )( ) )

7.) Using p-v-T data for saturated water, calculate the (a) latent heat of vaporization at 100C and (b) sg sf. Solution: (a) ( ) ( ( from steam tables: ( )( ) This agrees very closely with the value read from the steam tables, hfg = 2257 kJ/kg. (b) * ( ( ) ) + ) )( )

8.) Determine the ug uf of water at 100C. Solution: ( )

since vaporization occurs at constant pressure: ( from steam tables: ( ) )

9.) For liquid water at 1 atm and 20C, estimate the percent error in cv that would result if it were assumed that cp = cv. Solution: ( )( ( )( ) ( ) )( )

)(

10.) Using hfg, vfg and psat at 10F from the refrigerant-134a tables, estimate the saturation pressure at 20F. Solution: ( )

integrating the above equation yields:

( (

) )

Reference: Y. A. Yunus and M. A. Boles. Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach, 4th Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2002. M. J. Moran and H. N. Shapiro. Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics, 5th Ed. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2004.

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