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Hindi Book-Yog Vashist by Shri Anand Bodhendra Sarswti Ji Part-3

The document discusses a traditional dance form from a region. It provides some background information about the dance and its cultural significance. The text also notes how the dance has been adapted over time while still retaining important aspects of the original form.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)

404 views500 pages

Hindi Book-Yog Vashist by Shri Anand Bodhendra Sarswti Ji Part-3

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< <w Nu-Nu N Ju NC f> yu, Ju _ Ju Jut _byw w Fu
yu, Ju Juu* tu* _Sw fau* Ju w Fu yu, <w t tua N<wb u
Cu Ju < NUywu* tu* <n<Ju* Ju w FuJ Fu yo N v-v tu*
bu J Fu ZuwNu* Ju Nayu* Ju N|w u tu<wu* Ju tF u Cw Tdu* J HJ
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t J wF, <> @u u yo $$12-17$$ ww b tu* C> tFtC< b<>,
Fu u u N Fu Jt u F, bS Ju <bIw Z|C Ju JFu yu $$18$$ tF
b<> u JF # B Zt, t*u u J C ]<w u Nw yF NSb wS tS
J Nbfu@J b JF S, J N _td Jwu F* ? $$19$$ `CJ ZtB, Nf
tuu JFu Fu o N IFuwC NS J Zbd J<, u u wS u N J <f@ b N N
uu* tNu* w Ju u <tCw N<w f F yBq u _Sw F, , w wS yub< @tu tu*
NCyw FuJ JRw# ubu f J F N_ww bu <b<w F, Nb_S tu* w
Ju F Jw F ? $$24$$ J Ju f_bR J < J N "NFtg' N<t J
y J N tCw , tF, JR, wt wS swg Wt Nt_bR (
NJ NR) Fu o $$25$$ <W F* F, NI F* F, t F* F N b F*
F, Fu Zt, u f J N Jv F $$26$$ B, u uR S F, u uyS
F*, u tu* <w<ffw < _t<w F* N u uyu* J oh~> F* o fJu
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_by, wd N< b_wC, w, bwt N< J, d ba NJ b` bF <<w <Bq f
F <o nw F, JC~> F* $$28$$ u, Fu, u, f@C, <W, uF o
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f wJ NI J Jv Fw F, f wJ Nf J b Fw F, y tu* f wJ

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f wJ o tu* NtRw Fw F, f wJ F tu F, o J J N_S Fw F, wf
wJ <W N< t Fw F $$31$$ f wJ dw J F* Fuw F N f wJ u* Ju
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N<T u <bbw Fw F baa f wJ twb tuF J i>u f Fw F, wf wJ <W N<
J Jv Fw F $$34$$ f wJ R N^ tu* NR <bTy@ u* Nu kw Fw
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NunJ u Fu CT Ju <W J <W Fuy Ju ? $$38$$ <J Zbd, t, << wS
wtJ NtsJ u Jw <t`_bR a <] _bR u <Rb
Nt_bR f y F ba <Ju Nu W tu* F yw <b Fu y F, CT Ju b N<
<< t w Fu wu F* $$39$$ B, <t t Ju Jubu Nt-N@J J <b
wS tSqw NtIR Wt J Fuu <W <by<w FuJ J C#
F* uw, < J N< tu* W | J Na <yu C# F* uw $$40,41$$
<W J Nb Fu u bF Ju Fuy ? o JFwu F* $
ba N b_wC J sJ <Ju FC u btCw tFt F*, u J, Ju
u f tu* u J o, <W u F, bF [b JF w F $$42$$ btCwu* Ju
u* tu* u bF Jub b F, bF <W t J F* F, u*<J bF [bRw w
J CJ F $$43$$ <Wb<w, b f tu* Nb_Sw, u w[bI tFt F*, bu [b tu*
_S<w Fu u Ju Jd w FCo N_S u F b bF Jwu F* $$44$$
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N Nw uu* Fwu F* ? F*, u W uwu F* $
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sJ Jwu F Fwu F*, Nw# Fu* ww, Jw b F* Fu Jw, u*<J fJ
Ju swg NbuJ u J f@ Fu CJ F $$45$$
J _>Jd Jwu F* $

y - 2]

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u f y< Ju u J F <<`w Nu `C <b w F, J N<bJ I
<b w F $$21$$
< tFCT Ju u t_w uS wg-Nwg Nb_SNu* tu* (N<bb-<wub J
Nb_SNu* tu*, bb-B-Nb_SNu* tu* Nu-Nb Nu* tu*) <t NSb
w[bw# NtR Fuu Ju Jd w Fuu u NCu FuJ J <w N N<w
Cw C#-F ba C Ju FuwC F* Fuwu, bF F N<w tu* tCw F F $$22$$

w y tw

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ZtB J yg-<> J |> Jubu tF<T b<> Fu NtJ

t N< Su tu* NCyw, N^> Nw w Ju <wu FC b N u Ju f@ J
NCb Jwu F* $
tF b<> u JF # Fu Zt, t, fC<], NFaJ wS oB N< f
JC~> <bT Jt` <_bR F F, u _S<w tu* NJu b N< JF Fu*yu ? $$1$$
tu C<w fwwu F* $
Zt, Jt` tFt Nt u F N W Ju ay u F Rw uu w
Jo F, u NJu Bt <w<t (u` J uy<buT), ` N du* Ju S f@<buT
u Rw w Jw F $$2$$
t N< tu* NCyw Jg-w[b Ju Jt` Nus sJ u F tu* <bZ<w uubu
tFt J fS-uy J wd - Fu w F, wd Ju Fu u d f
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Ju FuwCw NI > Fu w F, o N u JFwu F* $
B, J yt Ju sJ u f uy-wdR <bT J Nbu Fu
w F, wf NI J > Fu w F, < J N@J Ju > Fu u sC J
N@w (<bTJ tu* Nt) > Fu w F $$3$$ J <bw NtR
ta` u wdR tFt uu sd Fu w F, u wJ u wCT sd Fu w F $$4$$
Zt, u NJ tu* tu| Ju aw Fu u N > Fu w F, bu F tw

1232

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J (NI J) Fu w F $$5$$ Fu <Fw

Zt, u ` Ju >> u F Ju tu<wu* J <bu > Fu w F, bu F <W Ju
N<WR Fu u bt > Fu w F $$6$$
o J t_w buw Ju F_w Nt<> J g|> J Nf u <bw
S Ju <b|wJ J < Jwu F* $
Fu Zt, tuu fwu u Cw F_ J usJ u CT Ju N< Rw Ju FuwCw Ju < y N<
uTu* J J fC<] Ju S N f@ Jwu F* - u tH <F $$7$$
CfC<] J, <J Nyu Ju b<Fw y tu* <Rd Fuub F, wJ Fd u
Fu tF b<> NIs u J s Fuw F, u* fwwu F* $
u bC Ju w Fu u wf J aw > Fu w F, bu F NI Ju > Fu
u N< Ju u* tu* CfC<] u Jvw b Jt Ju tuF uu* J aw
> Fu w F $$8$$
Nf <w yt<> tu* FuwCNu* u ZtB J _Sw wnJ tF<T b<>
JFwu F* $
B, u <b_ww NJ tu* a bC _Sw w <Ju Fw F, bu F N b-Nb
J JvNu* u <tCw FuJ Nw t tu* _Sw w <Ju FC F* $$9$$ Fu |CJC Ju J,
Nf t* F tw F <J N tuu bu* u NI<B J yJ NtIR fu@ uu w <Ju
FC F*, u fau* Ju b<buTu* u <BtCw FuJ yw w Jw F $$10$$
Nf Nu u J kw uJ tF<T Zt J N N a Jwu FC
JFwu F* $
Fu B, @d tCu* tu* Nu JCyCR Ju b y wu F* I J uwu F*,
wf NJu (<b) fC<]bu tCu* tu* bu u* yu* u <w<w NS J
I u* Fu ? $$11$$ Zt, <J Nu N fC<] u tCHtu* u bw N
Nwwtw (Zu>wtw) J < J < F, Nw# tuu b J NJu Ju N
 Fu wu F*, < J ww su` tu* Fu w F $$12$$
Nf tF b<> _bJ JCb N t b J <<] Jwu FC k
tu* b<w Nu <> NS J _tdtC u @d J <F, u* ZtB Ju <w
<b@ Jwu F* $
Fu tFCb Zt <J t* |CJC Ju Zu> CT N uyu* J u JCyC F,
o< NJu tuu JFu yu C bu* Ju ff < J tu*, F J o,
@d J <F $$13$$

S y tw

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< uF N< Nuw F*, wu bu <J wF aTd Jwu F* N wd, J> N< Ju NFd
N F* F, Nw# bu
f n Fuu tC, <J N< <~>Bu* wS <~>Bu* tu* ad bCNu* Ju u
| Ju <wJu u> Jwu bC Ju u> Jwu F* bu F _kCd N ad Jwu F* $ NSb
tfC<] uy uww u <Fw wd Ju t u> Jwu F* wS uww J N_b uu u
f n <J, Ja> N< <~>Bu* u a bu* Ju < _S tu* N<|w u NJaw
Fuwu F* bF _kCw Fuwu F* $ bu uu f u F* u bC Ju ay u <Fwu C>wu F* N b<
Jwu F* $$23$$ bu wd, J> wu F* N J y Jwu F*, bu wayu* Ju
N<w Nbbu* u Cw wS , _, R N< <bTu* Ju u Nu NJu JwS
tHwu F* $$24$$ uF N< _ba n F F*, wS< uw-u FuJ uy<<bu R t<bwg
tJ u|<dw Fwu F*, bu CfC<] u u N <u* J wF <bF, Nyt N N
NNu* u Cw Fwu F* $$25$$
wf tu* Nt w F F F* ? F*, Ntw wu F, wC Nfu@ Ju Jd S Fu y F, u JFwu F* $
o tu* N< J <J Ju < F F N <J NS Ju < F*, u*<J tw
NS Jub F $$27$$
J twb t w y w J IJ F, <JwC @CT J >u Ju
u J o td N< NSu J F Jd F, F JFwu F* $
twb Fuub wI u w y @CT Ju ^> tu* y FCo >u
Ju Jub td Ju F FuwC Fuwu F* $$28$$ t u Fuub u k F, bF ay Ju w J
wF F N tu* u <bZ<w F, bF ww Td-< Ju <bZ<w Ju F F $$29$$
t Ju S J ub ay<w J J Fuy, < J N^<t tu* _SdC Ju (<
bst Ju) S J ub ay<w Fuw F N Ju Jw Fuy, bF NJ
Ju ^>u u tu Ju wCv F Fuy $$30$$
Zt, o N@t t Ju u < y F, bF Jn tu* ku*J y F* tH
<F ? N Ju S J yo u JS F, bF NJ tu* JCWu J N (*J)
F* F ? $$31$$

1238

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NI J < NI J Fuw <w Fu , o< b J yo F, <J NI<u*

Ju <w uTb J yo F, o N u JFwu F* $
NI F N<Wu* J NZ _S F $ fwo wu F <J J- N<W
NI Ju w F* Fuw ? o aR w J u bF F, bF Jt` NI Ju t
u F F F $$32$$ NI Ju y C# N aJ s<dJ C f-f Nwu N
wu Fwu F*, J J va| F* J Jwu, < J F S bw J
va| F* J Jwu $$33$$ uF, @, N< tu* N<w ubu NI J F C>
C# J w F* Fuw $$34$$ o Ntw, > uF tu* Ntb w Jubu CT
tu* Nfu@t t <J J > Fu Jw F ? NSwg <J J > F*
Fu Jw $$35$$ C> bu* u J w FCo fC<] u Cw NtR b_wC Ju <bT tu*
N@ wS Ntw Nwg NSu tu* <>Cw - <y Fu Ct<w CT Ju B u
<bT J Fuw F, < J JCCt u Ntu Fuw F wS s u J^>J
uu Fuw F, u _S u f J NaJC Fuw F $$36,37$$ tR FS J
Zaw uFR ut Ju bs-Ju> tu* Fub <dR N NI CTu* tu* y
N< u* Ju J Jw F*, < J Wt <w u uwu yu uw u <J
@ Jwu F* $ NSb tuR twaay J aw N C# Jw F*, u*
Nw N f <bTu* Ju u J Jv J u RJu* J u J <F $$38$$
Zt, R u u bu<>w NI CT J JR t J F ws
Jw F, < J t tu| J ws Jw F $$39$$ u`R tu* u Cw
_kCw N@R vbu*b NayR <bTw Jub tu Ju < F <bJ<w Fuw
F $$40$$ NI CT Ju tR b<t tu* F w yR C> bs Fuw Fw F $$41$$ NI Ju tR
N^ tu* Jw Fu Fu Nu>R wvbu* Jt <#bR @Nu* u Cw wS
tF J o J>J>t wR vtCJ (>) u Cw Ju aw uub
uTR b tu* _tw Fuw Fw F $$42$$ NI Ju tR u d t
tu* u J <R vbu* u Cw, <wR tu* u u<w oR Jt<
J b< NICT Ju <w F, Ju NZ u yC#R way<btu* J t <J
F, f-f, tCB J o, w Fuw F $$44$$
t N< WuW NSu J F <w Jwu F*, u JFwu F* $
NI CT J F t C#-C# f w Jw Fw F, f ff b w
Jw Fw F, b ff b@ w Jw Fw F N b@ ff td w Jw
Fw F $$45$$ NI CT F o ywR d |>` tu* (F> tu*) aR C u f@

y - 6]

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1239

FCN t N t JRw w Jw Fw F $$46$$ u F yw I tFt

J fC<] u wCh~> N y Ju Ct` _bv R ww Fuw F, bF NI J fC<]
u Ny@ N Nt ww Fuw F $$47$$ < J <s<d <*nu u fF <J F* w,
bu F d tu* N<w-N<wR f@ u f@u N@CT J o NI CT J fC<]
|aR tCB Ju F* Jw* $$48$$
u* J fC<] ay J w F* J Jw*, o JFwu F* $
"a< < wdwg _ba_w_tmg <w wtg' $ (_ba u oB
f<FtC fo F*, Nw# fF uw F, w Nwt Ju F* uw) o< ZC<wu* Ju
NC Jt` f <bTu* tu* y FCo bNu* Ju u NJw FC R J o k F $$50$$
"N<tT<^>bwg' F b<wuy <w<> u u J Nb Fuu J Nb
Fuu u <J y F, o N u JFwu F* $
b_wb tu* ta Ju bt` N t<WJ Ju bt` R tC, C, ty N< <du* u
wS <Ft, <b, t N< bwu* u C <> tuF u (w[b Ju NI u <w
Jv u) <sw Fuw F* $$51$$ Nt aJv-JvR Jvbs fu fJ F, u*<J
Nw Nwg Su u d JtNu* J <w-t bF w F, NIb u
yw-R Wu* J <b_ww Fo F $$52$$ Jvbs <`-<b<` Nu* u
Cw uyu* tu* Nw Nw s Fwu, Jwu, Fuwu N R u Wt u w J F* F* $$55$$
NI tu* w Bb J Jwu F* $
<bbuJR Ju N_w t tu* <w Fuub, ttFR JNu* u d, <a
f tu* J<w Fu F uTu* J _bt NIR Bt F a J fu fJ FuwC F $$56$$
bR Ntw u Cw NR Ju <su* J uTd Jubu <WR NJt<d Ju
( Ju) Ju (Ntw Ju) Fubu NIR Bt Ju u F Fa J o
<bCw, <Ft J o w Nayu* u Cw wS u`R tu* u tbw JwR
JCo J<w Fuw F* $$57,58$$ C JuR <w<t Ju v u Cw wS Cu<w
buw u@u* u Cw tdR <` u <w Fuw F*, bF B>Nu* J tw J F w F

1240

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J tu* Nubu <f tu* Fub, Nwb N, tF kd@ Cuy
Jub JR < FuJ F t_w yw sd tu* F <y w F $$49$$
o J _Sb Su tu* <w t k, C N< dt J Fu N NB tu* Fu y F, uu bs N< _Sb SuyJ <J _bJ J N> Ju <<tW fJ tC, s N<u* Ju Nu
tu* <nw bw N< MwC<buTu* tu* <bJ<w JCCt u u Cu<w wS k; w,
bC N w Ju Fu Ju Jd Nwb w, t, t, <w<ws, N N< Wt _bbu*
u C w_b J o-J J N<wJtd <J Jwu F* $$50$$
Nf wu* uJu* J w Jtu* Ju R tu* Jv JJu tu* Ju <du* J t, tF Ju
R tu* us Jwu F* $
> tu* Nb_Sw <ùJR Jt Ju Ju> tu* dR tu* J u<>J (tF)
ff yCabw F* F, F
Ju Ju < ">' J <J y F $$51$$
Nf wwg-wwg ku* tu* <w <du* J <J Ju J Ju R tu*, f^> Ju Ju <s
Ju `R tu* N^> N< wF Ju <du* Ju J <s tu* w BR tuu* u<sw
Jwu F* $
<Ju JJt tu* f^>R <s J ` F, u ybw J J byFw
wR <s J Nu <w J Ju C# C# td J - w<s yFd Ju J
oh~> Jw F $$52$$
Nf <JNu* Ju kw <ùJ J b]J<t Ju R tu* us Jwu F* $
<ùJ J wF u b]J<t F F, bF J F ? _bRh~>J wCh~> N@J F
Ju Ju F*, B N u u Ju u` F*, f, <bdC N tFub-u w
Ju Nw uwtJ _bb F*, b, <Ft N< Zu> bw J f _S uF_S
ntJ _bb F $ Jt` fw[b F tu* <b_ku> Ju (kunu Ju) f@u* u Nbw
FuJ _Sw FCN < yu J _wt^> F, <R <<ww F uTd
Jub J @` F, Nwb bF tu>-w F, w F, tu| F J v F $ wu
F Ju w F*, F Ju Ndw Nu> F*, t_w <fw F Ju FS F*,
NJR W b u bF NbW F, f J tF< F, bu J utaw
F $ o J J <ùJ R tF <btJJ b] J<t f-f Fu FuJ u

1246

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> Fu w F N > FuJ f-f u Fuw Fw F, bF NI J

R _kC> fCgfCg aJ JR tFtCB
tu* u N Fu wu F*, bF N Fu ub ww <>R u <f<, <Fu* <J Ju NZ
u Jw w FCo F*, u _kC<> Fuw F*, bF NI J R k J aw, <Ju < dR J nwu N <w
J J>wu Fwu F*, <y F F*, bF N<b-b F $$61$$
Zt, o fw tu* <tuTt` tu* f > Jubu wS sdt` tu* J
aF Jubu ubwNu* Ju <tJ f, <bdC, tFubR Jo u ub<@<w F*, bF
NI J w F $$62$$ Fu* f <tuT Ju tuTt` J tu* <Fu*u Jvu* Ju tF >> J B u t<wg tu* F*, bF NI J Fuwu F*, u Juo ub<@ub F,
u*<J F Bw <JNu* J _S<w Jt, N kb J _S<w Nw
F $ F N<b-b F $$64$$
< aJ Fu <J F f <J wF b Fu Jw F ? wu t tu* J ab
Fuu Ju Jd o <bT tu* Nab J <J J Cw Cw F* F, o N u
JFwu F* $
Nw aJvC, t_w <bJvu* u fR tu* Jnu* Nu J <w Jub
u J- w F* F* ? NSwg <w tu* <bt F* $$65$$
NI-<b<wu* Ju <b_w J aF Jwu F* $
J C aJvu* u w NStF u ut yw J u F Jv F, bF
NI J Jd Jwu F* $
Zt, u JC~> <W F*, u J~> <w ub N<W F*, u fv, b,
, tdR tF w F*, u C-C# J Nu* tu* ta Fuw F, bF f NIR
y N@J J <b<w F* $$67$$

wb y tw

y - 8]

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1247

N>b y
< Jd Nu y tu*
bd Ju Ju Nw J N<b J aR b J w Ju R tu* bd $

fu Fu <bT J <u J bd-J J a Jwu F* $

Zb<> u JF # Zt, o aR N^ Ju Ju tu* <bt J>_S <Bq
bw Ju w> tu* _Sw JN J a<@u*) u Cw,
<bJ f^>R b u Nbw N R `, NaJC N< <bJu* u Cw F, u wu*
uJ oJ uF<> Nbb a_S F* $$2$$
o N<bR w tu* <w< b<] w Jubu C, C#, t, _S<w, I ba
NI-u f t N k F* $$3$$
C N< tu* tRb wS kRb J Jwu F* $
NCt <W N< Cu* u "Nyu tCHu ou N<@J <W w Fubu' u y_bR
N<b wbJ Fuw F N bF N<b I, N< @tu Nw tu* CR k
Jw F F, B N< C#u* u @ J wd N<R N<b w Fuw F
N bF b u C<wyF, N< N@tu tu* b<W u N<@J C# R k
Jw F F $$4$$
t u N<b Fuw F N bF f tu* twR k Jw F F $
t u bF W w Jw F N f tu* _S<wR k Jw F F $$5$$ bF NR w J Jt Fu F F $$7$$
" J Ju vu* u Cw F' oJ <b_wbJ bd Jwu F* $
F w w JF* <J N<@J dR
vby tu* _Sw <bbuJR FS Ju <y w F $ ww FS J
<bR n Ju Nyy u bF w Nu NZw <bTR bs u NyJ Jao w F $

1248

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o _S<w tu* Cb R @< Ju > Fu u < bwg n u bF ~>> w F, wu C#

<bTR bs u <> w F $$9$$ Fuubu <t`, C N< vbu* u d,
FC C`, ` N< NaJCu* u wC (N u <J<*w F_Cw tCb), f MwCR Cu* u
u<w wS d Ju* Ju u* u Cw F $ tR bu tu* C#, uy N<R u u
<~>B<Fw FCo, tdR Nu* Ju @w <~>Bu* tu* F>wg <btd Fuu u JC,
<bTb u y< tJu* u NSwg Cu* u Cw F w Jub Fu w F $$10,11$$
F w "t_w MwCR Cu* u u<w F' u Fu u JF y F, J <bbd
Jwu F* $
<w< NJ tu* u* Nu u <bJ<w Fu F B, N< Ju <Fw byFR u<wu*
J u aw F* $ bu F o >R w Ju bC u a FC C F* $$12$$
Fu |CJC Ju N uubu Zt, NJt^> Ju d Jub NSwg w J
<_Sw FCo o w Ju _kCw NJbu s` F J<Rw Ju w <Ju FC F* $$13$$
B, wS N Ju J o w Ju w Cf@ y F* $ o y u F, Cay
Ju t, uyu* Ju tJ NJTd Jw F NSwg uyu* Ju tuF yw F $$14$$
F w <WR FS u Jw, aJvR t@C J Jub Ju<J u Cw,
oBR u* u bu>w N wdR tnu u Nh~><w, NJR wtbs Ju
Nbbu* Ju NZ u Nw <b_w Ju w, NJ N <SbR u* Nu Ju CwCv
aJC<w t_wu* u Cw, wC CbR b<>JNu* u u<w; w tCBu* J oR
C Nb u Nbw ba d tCBu* Ju , s N^>u* Ju
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wF Ju b<c F*, F <wu F*-"' u $) NuJ J Ju <bTbR y@u* u NIu* Ju
tW Jub, <bbu<Ju* Ju < wu NuJ J Ju t-bcR NuJ Cu* u Jt,
NuJ J Ju ku* J awu* u w NuJ J Ju C ba ku* Ju wS y u
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NuJ wF J @<u* u Cw Fuu Ju Jd R, J Ju bwR u* u f], NuJ
JR J<u* u Cw, NuJ btFu* u Ju > FCo, NuJ bwu* Ju w>u* NR FCo
wS NuJ J Ju u* u u<w F $$15-22$$
bF N<bR w NuJ f Fu CJ F N Fuub F; NuJ f t

y - 9]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1249

CJ F N tub F $ bF N@ J> FCo F, N dR u J> FCo F wS bFR

u J> FCo F $$23$$ bF Nww J tu* S N bwt J tu* F, bF b
NS Ju Fuw FCo S Ju f-f Nw v<bw Fuw F wS
< uT Ju w Fuw F $$24$$
F J N uw F N b <bw Fuu
wsd > Fu w F $$25$$
JNR w Ju t JF* F, JF* bw F, JF* wu yu* u Cw F N JF*
ubwNu* u Cu<w F $$26$$ JF* wu bF <SbRw Ju w FCo F N JF* CuJR
u Nb_Sw FCo F $ Fu*u JF* B N Rw w J F N JF* wu wu* Ju
NJ Ju @d <J F $$27$$ F >R w JF* wu wtR F, JF* wuuR F, JF*
NJR F, JF* _t (NuT <buT @u* u d) F, JF* <SbR F, JF*
R F, JF* buR F wu JF* N CTC<w u <bb<w F $$28$$
JF* <sR FuJ nw F, JF* ubR FuJ Sw Fuw F, JF* _SdC FuJ _Sw F
N JF* bb Ju w FCo F $$29$$ JF* JR FuJ wJCF tu* b u u* Nu w FC t_w Suu J
aF Jubu tFub u uJ NJww NSb Nv b Ju Jd wdRw
Ju w FCN u JC~> F _kCw Fu F F, fJu w[bI f@ Ju u
N<b_bR F tHu, J N<wJtd NSwg f@ Fu u Nt J tus
Nb w Fuw F $$32$$

N>b y tw

b y
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1250

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N<b_bR F F*, o J NJ <w J Zbd J t* <t w Ju w Fu y F,
JbJ N J <bd J< $$1$$
tF b<> u JF # Zt, <J <<bJ C]<wg J | J o _bw# |b
twJ Fu F* Jw, o< bu uu* t@ <bbw Cw F F*, F t nuy $ wC
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Na _bh~>, twt _bR J NbJ JF w F, Ju C][b JFwu F*, C][b
Nw _bh~>, <<w<ffJ yFJ, bbu Zb<> w JvJt J Jt Ju Ju Fu bSt N<@>
J < Jwu F* $
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Ju a_J u aCw t u f Fuu Ju Jd btJ Nwb hJ u C, JvNu*
u <tCw Jt` _bR f F yw J <W Ju Fu S $$2$$
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J (<_k<w), N< tu* Nbwu Ju , JC~> SJ _bR J o yCd N
yCd Ju ubF J uwR u N<bw Fuw F $$3$$
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Jv J w F, J w J J t, t wS _S u* w J u Jv J
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<k Ju f _S Ju NJ u _S J Ju R tu* Iw FuJ bF J _Sw
Fw F $ <J F NJwu<@R [b, N wtuR J<w <`@ Nb<_Sw F, Nwb
o t N< Nb_SNu* tu* w wF u Jvw Fuw F $$4,5$$
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Fu Zt, [b N< w yCd_bR @tu u Cw J<w F N<b F, F <du* J

<Wyw bR |wwCNu* u w f@w FN F* w $$8$$
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u J oh~> J Fu Zt tFtC< b<> u ~>wu F* $
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Ju w Fuw FN <J J Nb_Sw Fw F, F J J J<F $$9$$
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Ju J t Ju Ju w F wS b Ju Zt, <wgN<wg J <bbuJ Ju tu* NtS
f ba Nw oBu* u Cw, Nwb # J wJ Ju tu* Nst Fuu Ju Jd Nw
# uub <w F _Sw Fw F, _Sb u* tu* tus Nw q Fw F, u t*
tw Fq; bF JtuBu* u, IuBu* Ju u* u wS t u* u FuJ Jub
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t ba < N <w J N< bd Jwu F* $
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_Sb u* tu* bF Nw q F, oJ Jwu F* $

1256

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

Zt, F w f tu* NaJC J o Nw, Nwb Cw- b _Sw F, u

F N Ct Ju uub CTCw J o < $$16$$ <Ju w t R t
J Fu y F wS u* Nu u <tu* b <wu<Fw Fu yo F*, bF Td< J
wF b<W CTCw Jnu* tR #u* Ju uw F $$17$$ S J o u
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_Sb N< tu* b F F* Fw, o J <J tt<w J aJ J F Jwu F* $
Fu @u, < wF fu* tu* NaJC u uJ C wJ S _Sw F* ba < wF <t\> Ju i>u
tu* |> _Sw F, wF _Sbu* Ju w N b _Sw F $$19$$ F b J f
<bt F, bF CTCw t Ju < F F, <<] Ju < F* F N <tu* I u b<w
fwb b F, bF wC tusR <<] Ju uub F $$20$$
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N< w FuJ _Sw Fw F $$26$$ tu| F <J Nh~>J F, u bT MwC
< J NJ Ju bw# w J _Sw Fw F, J F N< <wgw d
Ju w JJu _Sw F $$27$$
Fu Zt, o NIbw <wgw J F Nw R <wgw
aR t Ju uw F, N Ju <bu@ NI u Nbw Fo d #u* J s J

y - 10]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1257

uw F $$29$$ o Nt<> J u N (NtsJ<bu@ Nbd_bR N) F,

u w fwwu F* $
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bWw J w<J Fu w F $ J N Fu w F $$32$$
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>w F, o N u JFwu F* $
u* F < b_wC J _bR <J J J F -NSwg bF b_w<bJ F w u Jub
Jvw F - u* Fu w F, < J J
u N@J <w w Ju <wf@ J Fuw F $$33$$ Na@J J _bR
uu J oh~> u < Juo FS tu* J uJ Nbu wu u d wt > Fu w F NSb w
u | > Fu w F, bu F Fu w F $$34$$
wtuR N->w J F <b_wwR u <bbu Jwu F* $
u < J N@J Ju _bR J < F* Fuw, <JwC <bC] _bRb
y N@J J F Jub <w Fuw F, J w <w u t- wF <b Ju tt JF y w F, F Nb_wC
NSwg Juo Fuu u NBq F N <b Ju u F nw F $$35,36$$
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JFwu F* $
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Nwg-R F nw F $ (< aJ Fu <J Na@J wt J J u f@ F* Fuw, u*<J
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Fuw F, u*<J J Ju u u C# J Fuw F, o JFwu F* $) Na@J Ju
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F ww Fuw F $ a, N<b Ju Nb_wCb tu* NCb F f td F $$37$$ Cw N
C N< NSb w ba N< Juo b_wC f wJ <b J F* u w, wf wJ bF
SSR u F* nw N <bbJ uu < _bRJ N<b N < wF
b_wC[b Fw F, bF wF nw F $$38$$
<J J <b J u <F, F JFwu F* $

1258

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

t F, uu <J Nt J Ft Jwu F* $$92$$
u ad Nbbu* tu* <bZw ba d Nbbu* u u F wS <J -b <bJ<w
_bR F, uu <J Nt J Ft Jwu F* $$93$$ |>, >, w, JCN N< tu* Bq
u _Sw; C, N^>, _bu ba <L-o wC<b@ u* tu* _kCd NSb o
wC<b@ u* J u>Nu* tu* <<tWw wS yw Nb_S tu* CTCw J o tSw#
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N N< tu* dw N< Ju W_bRu* J <wg u F _kCd Fuu Ju Jd tSw#
dw N< <_bR F F*, o N u JFwu F* $
N tu* dwR, <Ft tu* ww R, N tu* t@CR, ~>u FuwC wd ~C>u tu* wdwR,
N@J tu* JdwR N B tu* buwwR <J Nt J Ft NuR u Jwu
F* $$95$$ fF ba w b` J_bR u <bt, Nu NtS tu* _Sw N ytR
(sR) Fuu Ju Jd t tu* (-u tu*) _Sw Fuu NI u q-u tu* _Sw
F <J Nt J Ft Jwu F* $$96$$
<tZ N< t_w t@C Su tu* t@CRw Ju, <t N< wu Su tu* wdRw Ju
w F <J Nt J Ft Jwu F* $$97$$
yw Nb_S, _bb_S ba CTC<w Nb_S tu* JR u _Sw, wC N u
< N uu* J N<wJtd J t tu* Nb_Sw, _Su* tu* b tR u Fubu
<J Nt J Ft Jwu F* $$98$$
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J Ju Ju@ u F, uu <J Nt J Ft Jwu F* $$99$$
<bT-uy J J^> u , u <Fw, u> u b<w, Jt` d wS Na
N NFaJ u <Fw <J Nt J Ft Jwu F* $$100$$
u f wu* Ju w Nb_Sw F, btJ Fuwu F u <@y ba JR F wS u
Na <w<ffw wu* J (bu*J) NJ F, uu <t-_bR Ju t* w Fu y
Fq $$101$$ yw, _b ba CTCw Ju Jubu, `u tu* Fubu uFR tu<wu* J t tu*
w wwCR u _Sw <tRw Ju t* w Fu y Fq $$102$$ fF N w u Nu
w F yBq <su* Ju, <b<` fnu J o, Nu w k JJu yCwR u
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F N <tu* tSw# JC~> F* F, uu N<w, <>J tu* fJ W J <bFJ Fuu
u Bq N J tu* fJ W J <bFJ Fuu u NBq <t_bR Ju t* w
FN Fq $$104$$ Naw <bb Ju u NSb <uJ, dR, ad C-uu* Ju <w>w
N J Ju <bFu* tu* <_Sw <tR Ju t* w FCN F $$105$$ _uF NSwg wu Ju

1268

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

NZ wS bTJ bCNu* u bu* u fCHu F J J o <<@ utR _uF

Ju NZ, uF ba dbC Ju N u <w tu* Ju > F* F Cw (w<> u
uF, d N< Ju NR tu* u Cw) N tCw (w[b<> u u <Fw) <Bq J
Ft uy fF ba w u Jwu F* $$106$$
Jt< J n J o R ub tu* yCw FuJ Nb_Sw; FS, N< Nayayu* Ju f@ tu*, C _ J wF, FuwCw wwC; ba tC Ju b Ju w
<J Nt_bR Ju t* w FN Fq $$107$$
<] "Ntw' S u oJ <bsdw fwwu F* $
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F, u -b w F Fw F N u yn N J o <b_wwRb F, u N <w Ju ad uJu* J
N<<w Jw F, b_wCw# u <JJ N<<w Jw F N NJ-t^> Ju
F F, uu <J Nt_bR Ju t* w FCN F $$110$$
u fn-fn <b<wu* u Cw F N u Nw-<> u t_w <b<wu* ba t<FtNu* u
<Fw F wS u tf<w FuJ yw J Jw Fuwu F SS tu* NJw F, uu <J
Nt_bR Ju t* w FCN Fq $$111$$ w Ju Nu J <> u F f yw t* F Fq,
ay Ju Nu J <> u F f (yw) tu F F, Nb J <> u wu NFaw Ju Nu
tu* <<tWw NFaJ t* F* Fq wS uF N< owR wu t* Cwa F* Fq, o J Nu
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Fb y tw

fFb y
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f tu* <> bu btCw tFt J N< JR, <<bJ, tuu* u<@w
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<Fu*u baS J u@ J < F, Nwb fF ba w u t N y <Wbu
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y - 12]

Z uyb<> tFtd

J oh~> Jubu tF b<> CC^>JSJ N Jwu F* $

y - 14]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1273

tF b<> u JF # Fu ZtB, u<yu* Ju <bZw_SR u b<dw

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Ju w wS <du* Ju tFR t Ju Jubu Jtu< f <wtFR u _Sw
F $$2$$ <wtF fub J t* - b<> t J t Fq $ N @Cb
@d <Ju yu w<TuJ tu* bb_bw tbw wJ u F t*u <J t _byuJ tu* tF<T u N<@J |J wJ Fu <du* J
JS C S $$4$$ <*<bu* J JSNu* tu* <J J JS Ju ay tu* <twT, t
wS << u* tu* ayw JF, u fwwu F* $
tubw Ju oJud tu* _Sw yt<d Ju tJu < yyCf J
ut Nt <buT tJ <] JvwR bs F $$6$$ Jvw Ju Cbd N
wt JvwNu* u |u <Fu wu Ju unu tu* J |u* F $$7$$ |u*u tu* ub
bwy CC^>tJ JN J < J <J u
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<w f ~>u yu tC J bd <J $ ou tt n <J CC^> Ju <bT tu* u
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wt f F S $$15$$ J u J N J <^>w bNu* Ju bw-
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<tNu* J J i>u- FuJ bF Nb_Sw S u* J<F <J << <du* J

1274

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

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< Ju < <du* Ju ba<~>w NS J <w Ju < F N< Nbbu* u Cw
wtJ bs Ju t*u J- (u* Nu tR u k Fo Nu* Ju Jd J-

y - 15]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1275

) u $$1$$ Zt, u* Nu u bF bs ku* Ju yu* u @w S, bF CyCh~>u* u wC S, u N o u NJ Ju tw J < S, bF bb<dw tu<

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vb @d <Ju Su, <Jdu* Ju <tJ <yC<dw CudCR tu| @d <Ju Su <f Ju
<tJ <yC<dw ta @d J S* $$3$$ bF -u tu* <J Cb<wu* Ju ywu* Ju
uJ <yC<dw tu* J yCa b< Fu F S, u Hu* NR a NNu* Ju Fu>,
FS ba R vbu* Ju uJ qu vb @d <Ju Su $$4$$ ba<~>wRu* Ju @d Ju J
<w u a Fuu Ju Jd _bh~> <bF Ju Ju < Jvw <bFayt buTbu <]u* ba
y@bu Ju tFu* Ju <tJ <yCd <bFayt <bt Su, u J<w Ju _bh~>
<FtJdu* Ju uJ qu F bR b Fu Su $$5$$ N<@J o Ju Jd <w B<ff Ju
f@ u tu* Ntw- J <w Fuu Ju Jd <yC<dw Nayu*bu fnu-fnu k tu* yu Su,
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ubwNu* u NZ <J S, `u* <J <bZ<w u Fu Su, Ju wJCau* tu* tu| tF 
F Su, Ju>-u tu* ubw N< uu F Su $$7$$ J N <_bR Nw
<b_ww S, Ju ku* J w Nu JaJdu* Ju <dwu* u f tu* Ju F>J NR
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fF Jubu Cyu* Ju tFu* u Nw <b<`w Ju w F wtJ JvwR Ju
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<su* tu* <buT fwwu F* $
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Ju u tu* FJ Fuu Ju Jd db N bu Ju <t`w fub Ju bF Fau* Ju fhu,
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1276

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F Su (tu uu) $$15$$

bF u yu Fw JC-wNu* Ju u* J o bu Fu Su $ (Nf
tu* Ju fhu* J bd Jwu F* $) Nw (t*u) tu* Ju fhu (uu) $ N< J < J o
ut J < S* $ y bw u (nu tu* Fu Ju <) <sw Ju u* J
tF S, _bt J<wJu <b_ww NuT <bf@ <bI tu* bu ^>w Su $$16-18$$
NJ tu* F FuJ bF* > Fu ubu NSwg tdw <t wubu N
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u u*bu tJ <su* Ju, Cbd J <bu <su* Ju wS y, JN, y@,
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y - 16]

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1277

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F fJu bd ay tu*-dt` Ju << Nuu* J N<@>R Fu u Ju Jd f
J u b btJ _bR F y<dw Fuw S bF btJ N _bR
F bayw S, Nw# C N<R S $$33$$ < J ub , _bh~> t@C u
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, , t@C, f u Cw, tuF, w N^> w u Cw, JR,
f bFu* Ju ub F tFt CC^> ya Ju ~>unw FN Nw#Jd J
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1278

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y $$6-9$$ CC^> u JF # ybg, fnu J <bT F <J |J Ju Nw N
Ft uyu* Ju Nu NCyF , u*<J NJu twR <* u <*u yu Ft
uy N, C^bs Ju , Nw <b` f yu $$10$$ Fu tCu, |J<J tuu C^ J
w t<w <fw wu F ? $$12$$
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bu* Ju Zbd tu* J^> ubu Ft uyu* Ju NI uu Ju < N bS u F* $$13$$
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u Ft uyu* Ju f < F $$14$$
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oB tu* <a<bu* Ju <bTu* tu* Fo <bdNu* Ju Jd F NJu _t<wS tu* Ft
Nu N u F _S NJu du* J N_ FN, tC Nu o d Ju <b`
f < $$15$$ Fu tCu, < F NJu Nu J u t*u Fu u F <, wS<
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t NJu fC<] tFt < bWw J Zbd Jwu F*, bWw J
J JS Ju u bw N Zuw uu* J J Fu w F, <
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uFb y tw

y - 17]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1279

`Fb y
btCwu* Ju uy yCdu* u ~>u yu NS J bd J
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tF b<> u JF # Fu Zt, ww bF s CC^> btd <w u JFu

y $ bF N> u wu Fuub S N Jt<w S $ bF Nayu* u C N
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Ju Fu _tw Fuw S $ FS tu* <fvb k J o wu* yw J oW (t) u <w R
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bF f J Iw S $$3$$ J tF NJ @ N <_S S $ u <bZw wu
J @d J S, < J tS Ju Nw t Ju u u Ju f s-tCB u
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fC<] tu* <bZw S, bF w S, w u t d S, u a tu* t@ bu* Ju
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t@C Cu u bd-y J o tuF Ju b Su $ t` u ad u* J NFd
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tC Ju Jd Nw C yw S $$6$$ J J <su* J N<@ CC^> C],
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<J t Ju <w bF bWw JFw Fu $ w F FN <J Fu u F fC] f tu* <J
tuu <w CC^> J w NCb t` S, <J u $$7$$

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1280

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abw w Fo F, u oB t<d J o JJ> tF<bT Ju J^> J Td
F $$5$$ yw Ju tu* FuwCw Nu sCR _bh~> N u Fo, @<u* J awR
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ItJ (Ju s w_bR u <bw Fuu Ju Jd ItJ) tR
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FN Ju FS J _ NCu* Ju fnu-fnu yu* Ju, NCu* Ju S, J >w F $$13$$
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y - 18]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1281

wdNu* u <] tu, <Ft N< bw F J Jyw J t<w F* $$14$$

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J w wu F* bd, sd N< <w wu F* wS <Ju , >, fJ
N Ju tC F*, uu tSu* J yd tFub Ju J> tu* FJ F $$15$$ w u`u*
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tSyd J> FJ b F, J bayu* tu* bwtbw <t Jwb
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tw NCyt Jw F* $$20,21$$ Fu t tC<J, tFt<Ft twyd Ju f tu*
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uJ Jy<W u t<@ tu* tSw _b-_bR J J Jub Wt ub
t $$25$$ bu tw, t_w yw Ju wCfC N btJ ubwNu* J N J
t<t u wC> Fuw FCo N tu* <`-<b<` NSu u d bw Ju y* $$26$$ ww
J JSNu* Ju ay u F J fw > <J yb t<w Ft uyu* Ju u* <w_JbJ
u Jwu F* $$27$$ o< tFub Ju Ft uy N bF b <, <u <J Ft uyu*
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u<bu* u Rw tu* dw <Ju yu tC N< Nayub Bw t Ju Nu N@ fJ,
I tu* C J o, t`<Fw u u<sw (f< Ju a_J u Cw) <J $$29$$ Nw
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1282

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< $$30$$ < < bw J usd <J, < bF f u<bu* u , yu N<

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t ytyu y wS u<bu* J a| N | Nayu* Ju hb su u <bJ<w
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FCo, B Ju yu a<w Nwb Cw F tCB, Ju , y Ju y* $$34$$
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JC~> u wu h _b u yu y*, JC~> v u u y*, JC~>
fuu y*, JC~> Fu y*, JC~> _ s Ju y*, JC~> J qu Ju tC tu* N tu* Futu
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F t J <b tHJ Ju@ Jubu tFub Ju F $$6$$ N u<bu* u

y - 19]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1283

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Fo S $$7$$ u tu* tu < F yo F, u* J f tFub twJNu* Ju <w >
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tFub N J b - u f wC>t FuJ N-N < J Nu
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Fu*u <Jt Ju Jut vb tu* J tCt N^>u <u, < J bv NaJC
uw F* $$15$$ Nw t J Fu*u oJ N^>u 
Cbd N Ju u* <@ <bw Fu w F $$16$$
Fu tCu, J N^>u* Ju u Ft ^> Ju C` oJ o J J <w tu*
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NJ tu* nu tu* tS F $$18$$
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tF b<>, o J Ju Wt bs _S tu* u JF # Fu tFfC<] <s, Jvw FuwC wbCNu* Ju, u Bt, s` N
Ju <y uwu F*, fFu wCt <w<tCw FuJ Ju Fwu Fu ? (u*<J t
tu* uJw fJ F Fuu u tu, Jvbs N u JF # ybg, f F tFCyu* Ju Nw tu* yw J Nb_S tu* bF <y w
F, wf t` J y J uubu JwP J o t* o |u*u J y J uw
Fq $$15$$ ( t t*) t_w JvNu* J y J N < _bbbu Nayu* u
y>_ wt`_ bu uJ# Jw# $ Jw tF b w Jw# $$
wwtw* Cba b<tb&< $ @ F# <a aJTdbCF# $$
"t` y> Ju uJ f uJ Jw F, <t N wu* Ju yu $ o
wu* u, tu* b J o, >f F b J aJTd tFub u Fu* t_wJu*
u @d <J' o JS Ju NC JFwu F* $
(N)

1290

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

Cw FuJ Jt` NJ tu* F, b t J o, _Sw Fw Fq $$16$$

tw# J<Sw NJ _S<w J @d uu* u <buT vu Jwu F* $
tF b<>, Ju t tu* f bwu* Ju ^>-^> J uubu fF N<
wwu F*, wf t* bdf@ @d f@J <aw FuJ _Sw Fw Fq $ (w F F <J <
J Ju f Fubu bd fF Ju w u <w aw J NCb F* Jwu, J
CC^> "Nw w t_w <ygt^> tu* Nh~> _bR bd F t* Fq' o
J <W tu* <w bd b Ju bdRwJu w FuJ fF Ju <-w<w
aw J NCb F* Jwu Su) $$17$$ f J tu* fnu-fnu bwu* Ju t<w J uubu
J bC fFwu F*, wf t* bwf@ @d f@J NJ-t^> tu* N FuJ
_Sw Fw Fq (w F F <J J tu* b _Sw bwu* Ju Ju f<Fw NJ tu* @d bC u su Fuu Ju < bwf@
@d f@J t* _Sw Fw Fq) $$18$$ f J tu* yw, <tu* tu N< bw y wu
F*, J tCB_bR Fu w F, wf bCf@ @d f@J Jt` bC tu* F w b
Jw FN <w-fC<] FuJ ww Fw Fq $$19$$
" J <Jwu t wJ wwu Fwu Fu ?' o aJ JFwu F* $
tF, f^> Ju Ju _S, t N t<>R f^> Ju t Nb@_bR
NJw Ju w J t_w Su Ju Nww ba <t Nt tu* <tJ CTCw Ju
J <<bJvt<@-Nb_S u t* wf wJ _Sw Fw Fq, f wJ JtuLb fub
CC# Nu <>Jt tu* bW F* Fuwu $ C# <>R Ju Fuu f^> tu* buJ o
Jvbs Ju _S t* Nu N tu* <k _Sw Fu w Fq $$20,21$$ tF b<> u
JF # Fu sB, J tu* wwg-wwg @dNu* Ju N^>w FuJ u wCt _Sw Fwu Fu,
bu u uy u*J _Sw F* Fwu, u* bu yJ tCw w Jwu F* ? $$22$$
o <bT tu* wwg-wwg f @ J NCd Jub aJv _bR ob<<w
F b_SJ F, q Juo F*; u JFwu F* $
CC^> u JF # Fu fg, <J o tub <<tJ w J Juo va| F* J
Jw, o< Ft o J Jvwu* tu* _Sw Fwu F* N qu (uy) u* J yJ
tCw Fu wu F* $$23$$ tF, u Nb <bww F, J fC<] u "otg-oStub' o
J Nb@d F* J Jwu $ < wF Ju @ u u w Fuw F, bF b F Fw
F $ F <<wR _bb J < F $$24$$
uJ Jv tu* o Jvbs Ju <td tu* uyJ N> tu* FuwCw tu aJv F Jd
F, u JFwu F* $
Jv-Jv tu* f-f Jt` tuu aJv u F tubw Ju o < o wF J F

y - 21]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1291

Jvbs Fuw F $$25$$ tF b<> u JF # B, wCF NC tus Ju Nw

Nh~> F, wCt Cq wJ Su J u* J W,
_S<w N uu F*, o< t* wCtu ~>w F <J wCFu uu yu yw t^> tu*
NJ <J-<J yw-Jt J wCt _td Jwu Fu $$26,27$$ CC^> u JF # Fu Zu>w,
o b Ju <bT tu* tCHu _td F <J J t otu* < N bs JC~> F* Su; wd, w N<
JC~> F* F Su; bw, N^ N <w-<w Ju bs JC~> F* Su wS F b tu
Ju u _Sw S $$28$$ tCHu <w _td F <J tubw Ju u F b F F bTu
wJ _t- Ju u w S $$29$$ Fu tubw Ju u b FN S,
otu* B-t^> J F Fuw S N wu J<w Fuw S wS o JF*-JF* JCw bw <bt
Su, o< F uJuJ bw Ju ww Fuw S - oJ >J->J _td F $$31$$
F f, ub N NCu* J ayt Fuu f o b J w y sd Fu
y S, wf F t u* u w Fu yo S - oJ tCHu Nh~> wF u _td
F $$32$$ Cyu* wJ t-tW ub NCu* Ju NJw Fo F b Ju (NCu*
Ju) Nw#C Rw Ju w Fu yo S-oJ _td Jw Fq $$33$$ J t o ywR JC<> tu* tu Ju ~>unJ qu f u tCB u Naw wJ Nh~><w J J _td F $$34$$ u Cyu* wJ wu F (b) ay bsu* u <<fn S N otu* Fu* (bsu*
Ju) ~>un qu <J J <td F F* FN S - ou _td Jw Fq $$35$$ J t F
b Cyu* u N<@J J wJ <<fn bwu* u w S; tu* tCu* J ad F*
Fuw S-oJ tCHu _td F $$36$$ F bTu wJ wu F tw u* Ju N<_Sbwu* u
u* Nu u w ba d S - oJ t* -<w _td Jw Fq $$37$$ J t
Nws N< uJu* tu* Ju Jd t_w <btyt ubw N< <wu<Fw Fu yu Su N F
(b) f bsu* u b<w FuJ N@J C Fu yo S - oJ tCHu _td F $$38$$
tF, J t tu-_@ u <btFbw Ju fu <sd t, , <B N< <bJ bwu* Ju Nb u
JbwRw Ju w Fu yo S - oJ tCHu _td F $$39$$ u N ou SJ qu
fFw bWw F*, <J tCHu a_td F, wC Ju <bT tu* N<@J JFu u k ? Jub
w b_wC J asu u Zbd J< $$40$$ Fu fg, Jnu* Na tC fw yu, u f b
Ju N<@ u d Su ba Jnu* wCCy fw yu - oJ tCHu _td F $$41$$

1292

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

q N JFwu F* $
J t f f^> g FuJ Nu _bR J Nu Ju Ju <
JC~> J wJ t<Fw <W F Su, t CT ba NCu* u b<w, _bw#C], J_bb
w Su J t<>R J F f^> S - oJ tCHu _td F $$42$$
J<Cy J <>-_S<w J _td J Fu <s CC^> JFwu F* $
J t u tW <> S <J <tu* fd uy t wu Su, ubwNu* J Jubu
Nwg-B Fwu Su, <u* Ju NuJ <w Fuwu Su - oJ tCHu _td F $$43$$
Nw JFwu F* $
tF, tCHu <J J u <> J _td F <J <tu* F > bsu* u |w S,
tFtCB J Jv F* J yo S N -CT Ju f@ Ju <f Nu N yC N<
t CT F Su (tCB Ju J <bw J <W Ju Fu F t-> Fo S,
F <] F) $$44$$
tu* <Sb Ju <t Fu u uJ N< J C uJu* Ju bFu* u <sw
F J tu* u <>-_S<w S, J _td J Fu sB CC^> JFwu F* $
J t u <> S - <tu* bw N <Sb J tuT F F* S, ubw N uy<]
CT NJ tu* F Fwu Su wS B ba Ju Nb tu* d J S - oJ tCHu _td
F $$45$$ tF, J t J <> tu* oB S, Juo S, Wt, tt ba N@t J
u S, f JR S wS t_w <Jg-J N@J u w S - oJ tCHu _td F $$46$$
o Jv Ju bww J wu o Jv wJ J NCbu fFw u uyu* Ju _td F, u* a J
Fu s CC^> JFwu F* $
tF, Fu <> Ju Ju < <> J aJv FN $ Ju f w uJu* tu*
N< Nbw uu* J <by FN $ Ju f w JCbwu* Ju u fd N< bd, Ju @t ba
-Ju J $ Ju f t^>R tu* b J <by <J,
ww s`-J J uy a_S ba @Cb-t^> J <td <J (tu Nus Nw
_bv NCbu NJu o Jv Ju tC o fJ _td J Jwu F* $) $$47,48$$
Ju f Bt N J <td FN $ ww oB ba uB J b_S Fo $ f tu*
<F^s u b J NFd <J $ f tu* J bFR@ yb u ] <J $$49$$
f tu* ub, b, tC N< uJ tu* Nu* J Jv J yo $ wg t_R yFd J
yb bu u $ t J t <J y $ Ntw Ju < s-y J taS FN $ f
tu* Nws yn N tCBu* J W Fo-o< _bv Nww yJt J u _t<w F*,
J tu Nus Nv-NCbu bwt J tu* NJu d _td Jwu F*,
o< tu* N F $$50,51$$

y - 22]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1293

Jvwu* tu* Nu uu yu N Nu* J JS Jwu F w[bbuW CC^>

Jw <bT J aF Jwu F* $
|<bw Ju w F t*u <J t F F_ u-o Jv tu* <] y>bF
Z<bdC, FabF wCtC f fJ ub, N< J <>R J J Jwu Su,
FabF f bTbF B fJ aF Jwu Su wS bTbF tFub <bdC
fJ <> J Jwu Su $$52$$
oJb y tw

fob y
C# uu yu b<> Ju N>t t N< J, t N
N@t <> J wS s-y Ju taS N< J bd $

CC^> u JF # ybg, (f tCHu NuJ Cyu* J NJ |>Nu* J b Nw

_td F, wf Ju f (JC~> Fu N Ju y tu*) F NJu uJ , C_,
N<`, , oB N t< oJu <bT tu* _td J wu yd F ? Ju <b_td J
wu b J Fu F F* Jw, F b F (c) ) $$1$$ CF, J N< wS JwC, yC,
Na<y N< <]-M<T, JCt N< f<T ba ay, _J, yb N< <b Ju
Tu* Ju <bT tu* wu _td J yd F ? $$2$$ y, _bw, t, y` N< NuJ
J wu* wS Ctu, t, J, <Ft, N< bwu* Ju <bT tu* _td J wu
yd F ? $$3$$ Fyb N< bu*; <F^s, Ju<t, f, <F^J<C, JS, f<,
N< u* Ju <bT tu* _td J wu yd F ? $$4$$ <<f, aJC, SC, , b,
y, Ju<, , t@w, y, <, FT N< Nu* Ju <bT tu* _td J wu yd F
? $$5$$ N`u, , bvt<J, CJ, b_ N< wS tC, tdta<J, yS, CJ
N< Ju <bT tu* _td J wu yd F ? $$6$$ u _bvw wJ tu* F*, u Juo
JC~> q Ju F* wS u N Ju Jv tu* F*, Ju <bT tu* _td J yd F ?
buw uyu* Ju <bT tu* <b_td Fu F F* Jw, F b F $$7$$ Fu tCu, f Ju C`
NJ F N>b t F $ N>bu* t tu* NJ N tu ay<w Fo - oJ t* Fu u
_td Jw Fq $$8$$
"N>u* tu* tu* t* f J F C` F ?' tF b<> Ju o sB
CC^> "F*' u* W uwu F* $
Fu tCu, N <J t NJ u Fuwu F*, <J t u Fuwu F*, <J
t bC u Fuwu F*, wu <J t bw N N< u Fuwu F* $$9$$
t_w Jvu* tu* wwg-wwg N<@J CTu* Ju t N _bR J u Fuu f Su Ju
(c)

<b_S Ju u Ju F <bR u fwwu F* $
tF, <J t t* Jw tu* <b-u tu* N _S fw Fq, <J t <B
tu* N _S fw Fq, wu <J t -bw <b Jw Fq $$39$$ <J t <Ftbw b Jw Fq, <J t t-bw _S Fuw Fq, wu <J t w Nbbbu u F o bw NJ o Jvbs J tu* |u* fw Fq $$40$$ Fu tC<J,
Na Cyu* Ju fw u o t w Nbbu* Ju <bu () u F F Jvbs
FN F $$41$$ Fu @u, o< Nu w J bJ yJ F bs bw
Nbbbu J Nus qu Nbb-buR d<w Ju w F* FCN F, <JwC
bu u F FN F (Jw uJ Ju W@ u "wCF o F JvwR <ab
u* F* F' o aJ J t@ Fu y, u*<J w JS u <s CC^> u Jvbs J
<a<bw F* fwo, <JwC u-bu J tw u Nu J F fw
F $) $$42$$ tF, tuu <w ^> Ju bJ tu* o JvwR J u u S, >J bF
u o t F wS u t oJu w bu (Nbb-<b) Su Ju wCv
qu b Nbb-<b oJu <b<Fw F*, t*u F o t _S<w w J F $$43$$
o J < N bw J u-<I u-bu J tw Ju Jd F F,
u JFwu F* $
tF, Fu F (Nww Jv Ju o u tu*) F W < S N wu F bw F
S, <JwC Fu F q F W < S N F q F bw S $$44$$
wf < N< J o wCt uJ Jv tu* qu N t bubu u* F*
Fu ? wu o JFwu F* $
t* J F F N J F Nbb-bu u t*u f J < J N<wJtd <J,
u*<J Jvw tu* buw @dNu* u _S J yo <<bJvt<@ Ju Nb tu* C#
FN F y u J t* "bF F tu bw F', "bF F Jvwbs F' u* <It S
Ju R tu* F o <> Ju w Fq $ < t* q Fuw, wu wWw<bT<d w <I (u
Fo b_wC Ju F) F* Fuw, F b F $$45$$
o J b Ju Nbbu* u < qu Nbbu* J yFd Ju " J <I
J Fu tu Ju bw u tu* <<`w
tubw N< Ju N@ b N< <Nu* Ju bw J o _w-_S<w w Jw F* $$46$$

y - 23]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1297

o J N<w _S<w u <Nu* J <tb <] Fuu wC <w Nbbbu |<>w yw tu* N<bwR <tb <o nw F, u JFwu F* $
tF, F yw wg F N Nwg F F - F t* tw Fq $ Nt J t<J <bsuw
u FN wS fC<] Ju <tw J F F a Jub <t F J> Fu F F $$47$$
yw Ju Su tu* <Jw b_S- (<bww) J o JJw b_S J
<o nw F, u JFwu F* $
tFTu, <J Jv tu* C` <w-b Ju w Fuw F, <t` `C-b Ju w Fuw F wS
Jnu* CT -b Ju w Fu wu F* - oJ tCHu _td F $$48$$ tC< tF, <J Jv
tu* J<Cy tu* Cy Ju N, Cy tu* J<Cy J Nb_S wS `uw N tu* Cy Ju
N N J<Cy _S<w Fu w F-oJ tCHu _td F $$49$$
asuw# J<Cy-_S<w J bd Jwu F* $
tC<, <J Jv tu* Cy tu* JC~> uu tCu* J tCHu _td F <J <Fu*u u bu
N buSu J wJ F* <Ju Su $ Nu aJuwt` u F bF Jwu Su, J Nd
Naw h~A>a S $ (Cy tu* CJ u tF Ju w u <b o S N <f
N@ Ju S J b u Fu* <b<w <J S, F <] fw F $) $$50$$
Fu fg, F wCCyu* J tw tu* f f yBq Ju aFJt u tu* J
uy<B Ju u tt J J Fu Su, wf F ubw, b ba tC u Cw yw
Nwg_bR J o Fu y S - oJ tCHu _td F $$51$$ J yw Ju Fuu
Bt f@ t Ju t u <<tw F buw yu J, u _S <SbJ u
b<w wS bC wu* u w Su, t* _td Jw Fq $$52$$
J<Sw t_w NSu J asu u aF Jwu F* $
tF, f Ju <bR Jvu* tu* F <`-<b<` <buT a_Su* bu uu* u Cw;
<`-<b<` NuJ Ju tu* JC <du* Ju Juw wS <`-<b<` <b,<b ba buTu*
u Cw t_w yu J t* _td Jw Fq $$53$$
fob y tw

wuob y
< uTu* J y J uu tC Ju tC f@ F* Fw,
uTu* J wS t Ju <tu* y <F - J bd $

tF b<> u JF # Fu tFfFu Zt, ww Jvw Ju Nyy tu* N

b CC^> Ju t*u $$1$$
Fu <su* Ju Zu> , yw-Ju tu* <bd J Fu N bF J Fu <du* J
uF Ju tC <J u Ju uTu* J y ba Ju yCdu* J Ju u f@ F*

1298

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

Fw $$2$$ CC^> u JF # Fu b<bwg fg , N < f JC~> wu F*, wS< u

tCHu, <IC J o, ~>wu F*, bF >J F F, u*<J u tS Fuwu F*, bu u* Nu
ubJu* J bJgC>w <] Jwu F* $$3$$ wu
F*, J NJu t* W uw Fq , u*<J NI J J F u* J fu fn
ub F, u tC< uy JFwu F* $$4$$
tu* t_w uTu* J NZ b J F* Jw NSwg u F N< Ndu*
J y <Ju CTu* Ju u tu J oh~> F* Jwu bu F Jw tu* tH <F, F b
F $$5$$ fg, uF-bs J h~>u J uubu <#bR Jbw F* Jw $$6$$ fg , R bs
Ju Ju> tu* Fubu u Ju tFR wS <wR kd<b_wu* Ju < tu* @d Jub
N <Ju w u F F* Fw u tC tu J oh~> F* Jw $ y-uTR <bT
u d Nu tR <f tu* Fub uR <Ju a F* Jw u tC tu J
oh~> F* Jw $$7$$ y-uTR <bT u d Nu tR <f tu* Fub uR
<Ju a F* Jw, u tC tu J oh~> F* Jw $$8$$ R tCB J b>b<R
Nwb t_w <bbuJR Ju ub Ju@ <Ju @ F* Jw, u tC tu J
oh~> F* Jw $$9$$ tF, <wu* J fn < Ju y J uubu J<> JuvFq ` J o
ywbJ Nay (Jtub) F* Jw $$10$$
ft tu* <bZw F NwJ tC- F* Jw $$11$$ R Cw N^ u tu* bu J n-@ tub fb
<J t, b J o, a F* F, Ju tC tu J oh~> F* Jw $$12$$
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<btu* u (C`, J` N< <bTt-tuFu* u) <bw F # Jt` t<Fw <W Ju F
<~>-< F* J wu $$14$$ < tFCT J <W t<Fw F, J <W N_w Fuw F,
<w Fuw F, tu* _t<w Fuw F, <b_t<w Fuw F, CTCw Fuw F, y<w F Fuw
F $$15$$ < tFt J <W t<Fw F, J Jt Ju@ N< <bJu* u wS J

y - 23]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1299

Ju Nbw J uub <w <J wF <F* F* Jw $$16$$ <J <W t<Fw F,

C bFu* Ju w FN bF tSw# JC~> uw F, yFd Jw F, JC~>
yw F N JC~> tyw F F $$17$$ < tFCT J <W t<Fw F, u Ju
u NuJ > @< NS; J<T,yF N< > Na; y, uT N< > yCd; ttJJ >
w; > <w-u f Nu dt u F* Fw* $$18$$ <J W t<Fw
F, J Nu NuJ<b@ NSu u Cw ba <b<b@ yCdu* u d, <<w Jt C
nwu F* $$19$$ tF b<>, (<J t<Fw <W Ju <J J Ju yCd-uT N_w_w F* J wu, o< ) u w[b WJ<J C J FuwC, Nf, N<b, N u b<w Nt-_bR F, J w[b tu* t Ju _S
J <F $$20$$ tF, <W Ju CTS fubu, N<b`, w-R < Ju
u w[b J NJw F* Fuw, J Nt-R w[b tu* t Ju _S J
<F $$21$$ N<J u fu f-J <J N< <] Fu CJ F, wS u N
tu* C, t tu* (N@-JJ tu*) t@C N Nw tu* t_w #u* J <bwJ F,
Nt-R Iw[b tu* t Ju _S J <F $$22$$ u N<b F, t Ju <
<FwJ F, Nf<@w_bR F, N< t ab Nw-o Nb_SNu* tu* NC_w F wS <J
t_w wuy <wbJ Jwu F*, NtR w[b tu* t Ju _S J
<F $$23$$ fTu, u fC<] u u F, J_bR F, fJ N< Jd F, <<w
Ntw_bR F wS <J Nus q Wt (< <<w NR )
F* F, t w[b tu* t Ju _S J <F $$24$$
Nf t w[b tu* fu f-J Rw F, oJ qu Cu* tu* N<b-<w
@ Jwu F* $
ubwNu*, NCu* ba y@bu u w; <b@u* N <Ju* u Cw wS ubw-t<du* u
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-tFNu* u Cw; bw, y ba b<t u ut wS tCB u Cw w tu* JC~>
_S N u w[b F* F $$26$$ fg , F yu* J _S ba CR S F* F $$27$$
u* wu* uJu* J NCRw fwJ Ju N Ju yw J NCRw fwwu F* $
tF, <tu* _by, ubuJ, w ba u* < F*, uu o d yw tu* JC~>
_S CR w[bJ S F* F $$28$$ N<@ (t<J S) ba <@ u Nw
wS #tF u bu<>w b wCh~> <J ku* tu* JC~> _S N JvdJJ F*
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t J Nd Jubu Nu aJv, <bJv N< t<J u* tu* JC~> _S

1300

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

Jvd F* F $$31$$ <w ba Fuub, Nw NgCw, wb J @ Ju

oB N< J u>Nu* tu* JC~> _S C F* F $$32$$
J N_S ba wCh~> Fuu u yw f@ <J C J <bbuJ CTu* Ju _F
F* J <F, u* JFwu F* $
tF, d bw tu* Jt`Rw (d -t^> J Jh~>` bt
Fu) Zu> F* F, fu fnu N F* F, u*<J F <bbuJ CTu* J t
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J bd Ju J t Zu> F* F, u*<J F<bbuJ CTu* J t dJt
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J Zu> F* F wS bCb J N<@ Zu> F* F, u*<J F <bbuJ CTu* J t
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<bw F u <b<b@ <>u* Ju Jt w<J ww F* Fuwu) o
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Fu*yu ? NSwg J tu* N_S Fu F F* Jw $$36$$

wuob y tw

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< yw tu* JC~> C N _S F* F, wu b J u N _S F, <tu* <bbuJ

CT J W-<bZw Fuw F, o JFwu F* $
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f Nau* tu* Zu> N fu w F $$1$$ fg, sJ w <J y Nt J <b
t_w #u* J Nw J uub wS N<J u uJ N wJ u N Fu JtJt<w
bNu* u d, #_b Ju , aR t J <b Jub F $$2$$ fTu, bF

y - 24]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1301

Nt<b Jt` <t tR ty u w Fuubu <<w tR ayd tu* <bF

Jw F wS _Sw NuJ #u* J ba b #u* Ju a_tdu* u <w <w N< NSu
J C F N Ft uyu* Ju
tu* tu* bF F F $ tF, tfC<] N<bC] Jw fC<]bu d o Ju,
u t_w JvNu* u u N t t t Ju F FN F, Ju w J Jwu F* ? $$5$$
wf bF Nt-<> wCFu* Ju C Fo, o J Ju NZ u w Fo, o
N <tJ f@wu F* $
tFtCu, Nt<wR (sJ wJ Fuubu Nt<bR) <b< J, JC~>
tw ub wS <bIR t u w Fo NuJ < F* $$6$$ Fu tC<,
Nt<w u <tw-Cw <b<b@ Nt<w J <u* Ju f tu* u J d<wtJ
J, u t_w #u* J u JF # Zt,
wF JF Fu t CC^> s u wu F t*u y FuJ <k JwCJb ~> $$9$$
t_w uFu* Ju J>ubu Fu Nw |b @u, wCt tCHu >J->J JFu <J d<w <Ju JFwu F* $$10$$ CC^> u JF # Fu tCu, N t_w buwu* Ju wu F*, t_w
au* J Ju Ju _bJ Nt J w Jo F, dt<@ J, u tuu uFR |
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| Ju u<, otu* bw, <W N Jk, u <`<b@ uT fnu-fnu <b@J J> au yu F
F* N F b u* u <w Nbw F $$14$$ F, C>JR J` u C>J-t`R
_b f@Cbyu u ba NFaJR yF_S u <sw F $$15$$ tF, <J t* bd Ju
F F, uFR | J N Nu w sR u s NCb J Fu F* $ tu* CC
u Jd<bbR u B <uyF (fJu _Sw ~>u>u fyu) F, Ju-tF
J Nh~> () F N u sC F tu* fnu Huu F* $$16$$
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| Ju Ny-fy tu* f] Na (fC) F* N wu* J awR fJC-tNu* u
Ju @ bu J <bb <w Cu<w F* $$17$$ t_w f <bTu* J w I Jub
IuB F tu* <w J J Jw F* $ <*yuF Ju f@ b` w NtJ

1302

Z uyb<> tFtd

N sC N< Jdu* tu* _Sw <wu* J u <w_bR F, <W[b J Ft
Jwu F* $$71$$
d, N ba JCJR u wS Ju <by uJ N< R u <W[b F <bb<ww Fuw
F $ o< Jt` <W[b J J <F, u* JFwu F* $
tF, u yw d J JCJb_S J _bRw F, u fF N J
JCJb_S J _bRw F N u Ja u F, Jt <W[b J Ft
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Jubu F, u _ba Rb<w F ba u du u w F, <W[b J Ft
Jwu F* $$73$$ fg , u d bC Ju _ tu* FuwCw F, u oBu* Ju Fuubu
<bTu-w yt tu* wS Ju uy tu* FuwCw F wS u Jdu* J Jd F,
<W[b J Ft Jwu F* $$74$$ u tS <> u t_w JR JaJu* u
<b<tCw F, u Nw CTu* J <> u bu<@wd N< uF JNu* u
bu<>w F, u ttJ NCbR ub u d F wS u t_w ubwNu* u bw
F, bZu> ttR t J Ft Jwu F* $$75$$

b y tw

~>fb y
du o J Nu _bR<bI J <Rd Ju Ju Nw
CC^> N <a<bw tu* FuwCNu* J <Rd Jwu F*, F bd $

CC^> u JF # tF b<>, t*u du w <w u Jt# <t F

Nt tu* F <W <bZ<w _ba w J F $$1$$ Fu tFtCu, t* o d<> J Nbf J
wbJ Nb_Sw Fw Fq $ o< Ctu bw Ju wu, ywu uwu wS _bCb Jwu <J Nb_S tu* tu Nt tu* F
Wt t<@-<b<w F* Fuw $$3$$ <w <b, N<wa, o> N N<> _bR
o y<wJ Nb_SNu* tu* t* <J J Ju <bsu Ju <f F wbJ _Sw Fw Fq $ tu b<W
NwtC Fw F t* J wCh~> f <bTu* J _F F* Jw $ Jt` Nu _bR u
N Nt tu* F _bh~>b<W u _Sw Fw Fq $$4$$
tF, <J t <J Jdb s`J J N@w bFtJ bC f Fu
Jw F, fn-fn tF<u* Ju Nu _b<bJ bF u <bw Fu Jwu F*, wC
tCHu Nu o d<wR u <bw J u, u Juo S o a tu* F* F,
oJ tCHu <<w _td F $$5$$

1312

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

Fu w_bu* tu* tF, d N N Ju NCd u w t w[b Ju sJ u t*

t_w uJu* u b<w N<Jd t Ju w Fu y Fq $$6$$
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fg , bFb S t u Jw w Fu wu F*, J k J N<TNu* Ju
~>unJ <<tfC<] u Jub NC> Jw Fw Fq $$9$$ Fu tC<b, oh~> ba N<h~> u
<w NCw o>-N<> Su J <w J Fw Fq $ o< uJ<Fw FuJ <J u
F Fq $$11$$ tF, t*u N F w <J N _wC<w Jw Fq N JC~>
< F Jw Fq $ o< t*u F | b w <J F $$13$$ tFTu, tu t o> b_wCNu* J
<w Fuu wC> Fuw F N wu N<> b_wCNu* J <w Fuu J < Fuw F,
bF <w JR F Fw F, o< t* o | b Ju w FN Fq $$14$$ <J t_w w
Ju f@ R Wt y J Nbf J b F b Ju N<t N< b_wCNu* J t*u
y J < F, Nw# o | b Ju w FN Fq $$15$$ Fu tCu, tuu t J w
<b Fu yo F $ bF uJ u <Fw Fu y F, _b_S, t<Fw ba w Fu CJ F, o<u t*
<bJb<w FuJ F Fq $$16$$ <J t* Jn, <b< td, bw, <wJ, N<, <Ft,
NJ o ftu* JRw F u F Fq , ou* ba <w Ju
Cu* Ju w Fuu wu t* >w Fq N F Fuw Fq $ o< t* Nt FuJ <bw
Fq $$19$$ Fu fg, F tu f@C F, F tu `C F, F tu F ba F qu J F, o J J
<w wu t* w F F* o< Nt FuJ <bw Fq $$20$$ tF, b_wC Ju R tu*
J<w Fuubu t_w b_wCNu* Ju N<@>w, N< N Nw u <bJb<w NbJ
Nt-S Ju wS <w Fuubu o t_w a Ju Jt` <_bR F t* w Fq o
u t* uJ<Fw <bw Fq $$21$$ yFd J F, <bF J F, _S<w J F, S J F,
b u F wS N< J<buTu*

y - 29]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1323

F* Fu Jw, o< <W N utJ t_w yw NutJ Jt` <t`_bR FuJ
F _Sw F $$145$$ tJ_bR f J aJv F ("fF _a u' o< ZC<w tu* <w
St aJv F) wu* yw-R FuJ <J tu* _b Ju _ba F FN F, b_wb
tu* wb _bJw b_wC Ju F F* F, u t<H $$146$$
t yw tu* J<Sw J |>, > N< <buTSu tu* < Jwu F* $
u _b tu* |>, > N< wJt`_bR F*, bu F o t <> Ju N tu*
<buTS |>, > N< wJt` _bR F F* $$147$$ u _bJ
<wt`_bR y tu* <bC]wt`R Nt Ju ~>unJ q JC~> w[bJ S
F* F, bu F o wu* Cbu* tu* Nt_bR <bC] wS Ju ~>unJ q JC~> S
F* F $$148$$ u JC~> <b<-<b< <> F* wS u-u wu* Ju* tu* Fubu u, J
N <W u Cw btJ N NbtJ S F*, u f Jt` wtJ Nt_bR F
F*, u SJ F* F $$149$$ tFTu, u tSw# fu Zu> F, u wCF, "wwg' S J, tu
wS t_w yw J _bRw F ba u _ba d_bR F, IR ty u Ju u
ub J, St Ju W tu*, t*u wCtu JS <J $$150$$ b_wCNu* J, t_w yw
J, qu J, wCF N tu wJR tt F t<SJ _bR F, q F* $$151$$
J<Sw Jd J, NCbbJ, aF Jwu F* $
Fu tCu, < J aJvt Su wS _b-y tu* wJJu ~>unJ q JC~>
t<SJ_bR S F* F J <F^y Ju Sty u uJ NwJ u N Fu
o a tu* wJR t<SJ Ju ~>unJ q JC~> S F* F $$152$$

wb y tw

wb y
<w J btw buwb u _S<w N
bF < J u b Ju w Fo - o fJ bd $

"uwJt`t S b<ta u' F u wCtu ~> S, J F W <, u*

JFwu F* $
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NJ F N F fu fn ub JF y F $$1$$
h~> ubJ h~> k F uw F N o t Nh~> ub J wu
t_w JtNu* Ju b J Nb<@<t t J wR k uw F, o< o ub
J fu Zu> F, u JFwu F* $
o t ub J fu JvdJ F, u f JC~> w Fuw F, bF t_w yw-

y - 30]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1337

<> Ju Nu J N<@> F N tu* F f b_Sw F $$2$$ _b<bJ, N<-Nw u

<Fw, N<w, N^> wS fF<bW, N N< fF, @u* u ] Fuub <
C Jt` ub Ju N u w Fuw F $$3$$ Fu tC<Zu>, <J wCt <bbuJ tC
N<@J Fu, o< t* wCtu JFw Fq <J fu fnu o Ntub J Ju < tF Cu* ba
@u* J tF u F* F $$4$$
t<w N<R J ub J N tu* J N<@J F* ? o Ju (t<wR
ubw Ju) N<@J fwwu F* $
u <bbuJ-fC<] u F* F wS u fJu* Ju Jut<Wbu F*, F* Ju <
J<`t <wt-C ub J <b@ <J y F $$5$$
w J<`t <wt-C ub Wt b <tu Juu u Ju t F, u
JFwu F* $
bu NCt<w fJ t N NtI Ju Nb tu* tR F Jvw C N< u
Jvw_bR J J <wt N< J Jwu F* $$6$$ bu fJ NbJ Nu aJv
u <w _bv C, @ N< tyR u* u J wuT w Jwu F* $$7$$ Nu
aJvu* u <w Su u ub J < JF* _b <tw <bt, N
N @u* u <tR F _by< k w Jwu F* $$8$$ Fu fg, ffC<] CTu* Ju < F
C, @ N< N J Jv J yo F N N u N<@J CTu* Ju tFTu, Ft uyu* Jvw a Ju w sC
Nw f, <bdC N< R u ub F*, bu @ u d F* F* N
b<b@ CuyR ku* u d F* F* $ (u*<J Nu-Nu Jt N Ju ww
NC F uyty N Ju kw CJ bt` F bF Fw F, F w F $)$$11$$
Ntub wu N k uu* Nb_SNu* tu* <, <<w, tS d _bb
F F $ o< bF "ub' u* JFu u F, u JFwu F* $
Fu tCu, <JgJw, JJw N< h~>uu* u , t_w |>< Ju J J Jub,
<t wt`_bR f F ub JF w F $$12$$ t_w JvNu* u b<w, J
bSu Ju w Fub, << Su tu* W_k<w Jub wS N<
Su J W J NFd Jub u a<bwg ub F, bF ub F $$13$$ Fu fg, wg N
Nwg Ju (b-Nb, bwt N u N J, tw-Ntw, J-Jd NSb
bFJ ba <w<J Su Ju) tw (Nwbw <s<t`R NSb
N<@>R Fuu u tw) bF fw F ub JF w F $ bF , B, N<, Jd

1338

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

ba u<wu* J Nus fu-u NtR bbJ Rbu J u Cw Fuw FN "'

u ZC<wu* tu* N< `tJ d a Ju <b "<btwa wCS
twu Nt <bIu#' u* bw FN F $$14$$ <`J Nf<@w bCyw [b-_bb u
u b` tRw w J F, bF tFw (JJu* J JJ) u* JF w F
N bF fu u F, u* ZC<wu* tu* <w<w F $$15$$ wNu* Ju N _Sw
J o bF btR ub bFJ tu* b` NCyw Fuu Ju Jd Wt _Sw F $
N bf@J tu* tFWR u _Sw F $$16$$
ubw N< J tC Nt Fuu u bF tC ub F, u* JFwu F* $
Fu tCu, N@w J u w_bR F, wCF u ww[b F, bw J u
w_bR F, Ju ydu* tu* u wtw F, u tCHtu* F w_bR F N u wu* yw
tu* w_bR <bt F, Wtt<w w[bI uy u F ubwR wu F* $$17,18$$
<b Ju d ubwNu* J w Fuu u bF ub F, u* JFwu F* $
fg, FS, N w <J w F $$20$$
Fu fg, bF wu q F _Sw F N <J Ju < F F $ bF o wS
d NJ tu* b` F _Sw F $$21$$
bF fJ Jw N uw F, u* JFwu F* $
bF Ntub <J Jw F, bF w F, bF Jw F, bF w F, bF b uw
F, bF yw F N bF Nay-Nay Ju w F $$22$$ Fu tCb, bF o <`-<b<` u>Nu*
u Cw, Ju Jd uwb wS Ju _bR u <f] o R y tu* NyuU#' $$23$$ R
fnu | u Cw Ju u ad wS <bIu Nt N< f<F#Juu* u tbw o
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Ju uJ ~># o<Bu* J b<W-W u <Fw wS <t Rb F, Ntub J u<
bF Ju < "<wg' F Jv<J t n F $$25$$ bF F tt <Bq, t, b
N t<Fw F $ bF _ Ju Nu-J tu* o _b aJ N J tu* <td
Jw F N _ Ju Nb-J tu* <td F* Jw F $$26$$ Fu I, bF <<w Nw
<t F N bF o y<wJ <JNu* Ju yw Ju < J u<w Jw F, < J
bw MwC u w Ju u<w Jw F $$27$$ w Ju u C tJ (Nu tu*
W_k<w R) F, bu w tu* tf Fu Ju Jt, Jt N b Ju NC u
Juo Nb_Sw F*, J N<bb Jwu F* $ ( <wg tJu* J F Jv u tuvu Jwu

y - 30]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1339

bw N tFu<@ fJ bw N tFu<@ J Jw F $$94$$ a<bwg F MwC|<>w
ab J J |Ctw F, F Cy, tbw N< J J <td Jw F ba < N <`R
u Jt# J ba N@JR f w F $$95$$ <<w F JF* bs N< tu* fR wS
J NaJCw tu* FuwC tJ v u d Fu w F, JF* TR<d FuJ <
S f w F, JF* d Fu w F N JF* JCtCR u k w F $$96$$
JF* ka<wu* Ju Ju* u <sw Fw F,JF* J>, N NJ N< u yt, JF* <R, JF* R, JF* FwR, JF* N<R
N JF* tFR f w F $$98$$ fJ Nt, b` ba t Ju uy u b_bR Fuu Ju
Jd <<w wF yw-R F Fu w F $ tS- tu* wu bF <<w NJ u
Nw <t ba J F F $$99$$ <<w f-f F <w J fJ, <F, b, <J, JCW, b<>J,
<ay, t, t, *, Cy, @, Z, , <w, <w, t, <` N o wS
ou < N u<u* tu* uF-<buTu* tu* o <bbwt a tu* J |tw Fw
F, < J bw tu* <wJ $$101-103$$ Nu u yF J wF F <<w Nu F
aJv u >w F oJu q Juo tC@, a ba Nf f F* F $$104$$ Fu
tFtCu, F wCtu b<w J <Rd <J, u fu Jw Nu* u @ ba
CNu* Ju N<`w @tb F $$105$$ tC<b, Nt #d <btu* J _ba NZ
Jub "Jtt' (JtC_bb) o t Ju w Fo o tt J F <w tC
u F $$106$$ _b< W-_k<w u <Fw, N (b) u wCT () Ju
$$107$$ Nt <bbu* u > Fo wS CR w u ww Fo F <<w bRw
w J uu uJ <bt Fu w F, u <w<bF <J $$108$$ B, ny<w N <<w N <<w
uJ u <J y F $ NSb d N< R tCw bu* Ju <bT tu*, oJ u
J <F $ NSb F u uJ by<wu* J <Rd F* <J y F, <JwC <<w f
JC~> Jw F, F JF y F o< Juo uT F* F $

1346

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

Ju tu* tS fb d-bC F _Sw Fw F, bF* _w Fuw F $ >J F F, < b J
Nu N@ w F, bF b Jw Fuw F $$44$$
o J t d-<J J <<tW F, u* <wuJ F Ju JFwu F* $
t Ju -NJ tu* <b Fu u d-bC J Jw F* Fuw, <
J wu J Nb Fu u R J<w F* Fuw $$45$$
o J d Ju <u@ u t J <u@ Fuw F, F JFwu F* $
d-bC Ju J w Fu u t w J w<J Jw F* Fuw,
< J N@ Ju w Fu u @< $$46$$
o< t J S d F, F JF y F, u* JFwu F* $
F d-bC w F, bF* t Fw F $ >J F F, F-F S yt Jw F,
bF* <S Fw F F $$47$$ < J sud-` u (yuk u)ku*J y Td wJ
uw tu* w F, J d Ju uw FN <W sd uw tu* w
F $ bF d J <u@ Fuu t sd Fu w F $$48$$ F C Fw F, bF y@ Fw F;
F Ny Fw F, bF dw Fw F; F t<>-<> d Fw F, bF t w F ba
F B N Ba t Fw F, bF* N tub<W Fw F* $$49$$
o< sCT N< a<b<Wu* tu* uJ a<b<W Ju <wbC <<tW F, F t*u Fu F
fw < S, o N u JFwu F* $
a<b<W bC Ju _ u Fuw F, bC J t_w Nayu* tu* N Ju bu Ju < f
<nu* Ju S _ Fuw F N <W ba t u Cw <*y R d Ju> tu* <<w J,
<ff-<w<ffb u <yCdJd , u <b_> R Fuw F, bF bC u Fuw F $$50$$
NJ J o Nw _bh~> a<bwg n N Nn _Su* tu* Fw F, wC <*y tu*
du* Ju _ u _> N<<w bF J wF u a J F- NCw Fuw
F $$51$$ tWt`_bR u f n Su tu* J _Sw Fo bF <<w Jt`
n uF tu* F d-bC gfu<@w FuJ N<J <wgw J t u <> N<
Ju IR u w F $$52$$ u uF b tu* NuJ <b_ww tJu vu* u bF
Jw F, bF d-bC Ju u u t Ju Fu u wsd F J Fu w F $$53$$
Fu tCu F t w Nu (N) C>J tu* <w<ffw Fuw F $ >J F F, _bh~> d tu* F
<wt <o nw F <J t< S N< tu* $$54$$
< aJ Fu <J t tu* d Ju Jd <wg J <w<ff Fuw F, F Fu JF y N Nf
ww#JddIJtuBCwtg $ N<bJtJta <ya C>Ja <b# $$
w, Nw#Jd, d, IuB N JtuBu* u Cw wS N<b, Jt ba Jtu u
<*y C>J JF y F $
(N)

1352

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

C>J tu* w J <w<ff Fuw F, F JFwu F*, u _S<w tu* b <bu@ u* F* Fuw ?
wu o JFwu F* $
tFTu, t_w Ju J Jt` Jd t F C>J F, F < Ju N Nu
u Nu NJ JF F $$55$$
Nf b, J <@ wS Ju uR <bb J <W, _S<w N <uJ
t` f Ju F N@ F*, o u ty_w Fuw F, u* I<u*
NCw F, o< F d <bb f_bR F F, q F*, F < $$56$$
oJwb y tw

fWb y
C>J tu* Fo F <<w < J uF< Ju <J fw F wS
< J uFw Ju w Fuw F, fJ bd $

Nu w Su J yFd F* Jw $$52$$ Fu tFTu, u* Nu u d o <t wJ
tu* Fu Ju Nu CC u* Ju dt_bR; Nwb C, # N< ku* Ju uy-J tu*
F_, u N< JuFu* u tCw, <wg N N<wg u C u b-yBq Jv
Nww# td Fuw Fo <b<b@ u* Ju t, td N< w u Nt Ju tu<Fw Ju
N aw Ju Ju < <w<w Fuw F* $$53$$

fWb y tw

w*wb y
tuF ba w<w aJvu* u Jvw b-yguu* J,
<b-J> tu* < wF bu F* >Fwu wF, wJu u bd $

J Fu o <t J, <bbuJ J NZ uJ, sJ Ju $$39$$ Nu-N N
aJvtJ J<t J <bd JJu Nt J Wt <bC]w wJ N<b NR
Fu Nu $$40$$ <J, F Nt t_w <wu* u d F, Nw# f J bF <J b_wC J
wR u b Jw F, Nu aJv Ju <b u b_wC Ju t b F
uw F $$41$$ Fu fg, F FN <tR yw Jt` aJvtJ F F, Nw# Jub
aJv Ju Nb u F, u, JF* u $$44$$
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F w F, o N u JFwu F* $
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aR <bt J <W N <b Jt` <w_bR F F $$45$$
f wJ NI F, w wJ yw J <w uJ tu* Jd F, NI J <b Fu u
wu bF uJ tu* Jd F* F, o N u JFwu F* $
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tu* "t* Fq' u* Nu b_wb _bR J _t<w F* Fu w $$46$$
< aJ Fu <J Fu Ju |J u NU_w a Ju NuJ a_td w[bI Ju
bwtJ "t* fR Fq' o _td Ju i>J u*yu, u _S<w tu* u C# a uJ f F
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Ju tu* t F* w, bu F o N w[bbuW Ju yC Ju u u Fo " t*
Fq', "t* f Fq' o _t<w u <_w #u* J _t<w N nw u Nh~> Ju
tu* t F* w $$47$$
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J C f F F Jd F, o N u JFwu F* $
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Ju J fw w F, < J bd Ju w N t u _bu* tu* u F _b Fuw
F, bF qu Ju fJ J NR Fu w F $$48$$
<f <bh~>u Ju <w F " t* f Fq' F _t<w F tu tC t F, q F*,
o N u JFwu F* $

y - 34]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1365

Fu tCu, t* N<w _t<w@ J wCt b Ju $
J J ubR b u F Cw F wCt Nb F w ku* tu*
oh~> ubu NI u* Ju < F Jt F F* Ju u F $ wCFu u _
wu Wt_bR tS WtJ f F Jt` ub F, J tu* J ( Bu* J
_bt), C Tunu u ba (<wt, <*y N<) JC~> F* F, bF f Ju
tu* wCh~> S- F, u*<J bF ty t J Jt` Jv F F $$50$$

w*wb y tw

*wb y
TCw wC N wCww J u uJ wCww tu* ob u <bZt <J oJ bd $

ob u JF # tFTu, u* o ub u <w Fu F F yw f@-<> u Nwg ba

N<@>-<> u wg N ub_bR FuJ _Sw F, F JF >J F $ wS tS tu* F
<bb J F u* b<b@ <bu@u* J F Fu y, F b F $$1$$
F yw u* w ba JR F N u* u <tCw F, o aJ JFwu F* $
<<ww[b u tuFJw nw J Jv u Nu tu* aRw (wRw) w J F
wS tuFR JaJ u <Fw FN bF Na u w F $ oJd Jwu F* $
"t* uF<_bR Fq' o J tuF Ju w FCo <<w a tu* k w F N Ju
J tu* tS o <J J, u Nu u N<R F, NCb J a Ju f@ u
<tCw Fu w F $$3$$ NSJ J b u wb wJ F <<w N N^> W
w F N uF Ju C-# N< u <t Fo NR F N _S<w Ju sd tu* "R
F' u* Nb@d J uw F (F oJ JaJCw _S<w F $)$$4$$
Nf JaJb<w _S<w JFwu F* $
<bt, Nbbu* u <Fw, N o wF Ju <-< Jvw t-Ru* u
<tCw F <<w, bF-J tu* d t-RtJ Fuw Fo , _bb F F $$5$$
w <JaJ _S<w J <w> fu Ju <<tW CTC<w N< <tJNu* J u <u
Ju < Jt Jwu F* $
d, NCt ba w _bb f F NJ J o Fu <bJ<w Fuub f<w u

1366

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

(N t<w u) yw, _b N CTC<w; <>, _S<w N aF NtJ,

N<@<wJ N N<@<bJ o w tyu u bW F o yw Ju R tu* t Ju <b_w Ju
w FN F $$6$$
o< t J h~>u Fuu F o yw J h~>u Fu uy, F JFwu F* $
tFTu, t Ju w fw[b Ju sJ u N sC N< oBu* Ju u*
tu* FuwCw t Ju <~>-< Fu u h~> ywR Fu w F $ (o J w[bI u
JvNu* Ju S t Ju Fu u btCw J Fu < <tJ tuu* _S<w Fuw
F, u sd ba tu* u <wu F* $) Nb_S tu* b J u yu f J o
"o<w'(c) tb W Fuw F $$7,8$$
o <w u tu* t_w u* J f@ Fu u Ju Jd Jt` Nus <> Ju F f
u u J q t "w' F, u* JFwu F* $
J Ju NJt^> J o t<J tuFR fu* u <tCw w Nb_S <W
Ju <bTu* J bdJ (f-f <wbJ NC_td J) y J F "w' t u
u<yu* bw Fuw F $$9$$ Fu <W Ju aJv N< <bTu* u <Fw <<w aw Ju
w Fo o Cw Nb_S tu* bF Nu Jt` w-_bb tu* _Sw FuJ t_w <@u*
u <b<tCw Fu w F N t_w Su J WR u Nb<> FuJ <bw Nb_S tu* F
aR tCB J w F $$10$$ N
u _S Fo bF <<w w tu* t wJ t_w Ztu* u <tCw Fuw Fo J
f tu* <bZt Jw F $ (ou J "tFCw' t <w FN $) $$11$$
Nf qu _S J bd Jubu yb aJ b<dw St _S J aF Jwu F* $
Fu <buB, t Ju Fu u u fu F _S<w w Fuw F, bF wCtu JF yo $
Nf wCt o <<w<w J t <b` q _S<w Cu $$12$$ t u b<w F <<w <w
"C>a tt_ t<Ft<t<w bwuJ#' (u<yu* ba J<tu* Ju
u<bw, b u <bsd, fJu <tJ tub Ju "btR t* ob Fq' o R u f
w F wf o tub J <b<w Ju "obR tu F F yBq <b<w F' u* w
F, wf uJ<Fw FuJ JwJ Fu w F $) o buwbw ZC<w tu* wS ~>u tu* "_b<<w'
Ju J F, F <F $ < NI J CTC<w
tu* "_b<<w' J uy Fuw F, wS< w[bI u NI N< J f@ Fu w F,
Nw# < <@ J < N F y, Nw#
o<w J t Fu Jw F, F b F $
(c)

y - 34]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1367

<w u <w, , B N< u<wu* u ba N@J, NI N< nw u <b<tCw wS

<b_ww NJ J o t C F $$13$$
q Nb_S tu* F Nb_S J Nus <<w<w Ju u <buT @t F*, Fu* JFwu F* $
<<fn CTC<w-_Sw J HJ Ju , Td< Ju w Nbby> Ju , *@b
tJ Ju N _Sw Ju N bC Ju Nwyw <bt _<w Ju f F
<tJ NU Ju t J f Fu w F wf NJ tu* <bt <w J
o <uJ| fJb wJ bF J <bTutCw J y Jw F, <
J (bC N< suJ Su Ju Nb tu*) aw J, bC-J J N C
u Cy@ J y Jw F $$14-16$$ <JR J-J u wS NbJ J Nus
ub h~> b_wCR NJ J J u Cw JRw N NJRw J,
JNu* Ju y u F, y J t_w t` J Jv Jub, nw N
Nnw u <bC]_bb w <w u* u u u <Fw, b<w, <`Jf<@w W Ju w
Fo yw, _b N CTC<w u wCS u , <F^y N NJw u wCS F, u
Jt b<b@ JaJu* N uyu* u <Fw W J w <<w<w yF Jw F $$18$$ Fu
<bu`, w _bRb <J J u N N _Fdw F $$19$$
w wCR <w <tJ J aF JJu ww <tJ J Nbwd Jwu F* $
Fu Wt bw J Nd Jubu, w[bIu* tu* Zu> tFTu, F <w <tJ Nu JF yo $
Nf t* ww <tJ J <Rd JRy, N Cb<W N b<W J <bT f o uu* J
s u JJd Fu u Ju Jd yFJ Na N y Na u R _S<w Ju w
Fu w F, o< f, Nt o< N NSu u <tCw Fo <b]R u <w Fuw
F $ w F F <J Fu J <tJ aIwt<@ u F N F ww <tJ NaIw
t<@ J C _S<w u F, F <buT FN $$21$$ F ww tJ t N< ~>#
b<bJu* u Fuu Ju Jd J u <b<w F* Fuw, NI N< N@J u <b<tCw
bF _ba F JaJu* u <Fw F $ wCww N< J t Fuu u bF b<w tCTSR
F $$22$$ bF WtuWt Nb_SNu* J t Nb<@ F, t tayR Fuu Ju Jd t_w
tayu* tu* @ tay F, btC <bh~>u <<w F ww bJ _S<w F $$23$$ o
<tJ tu* u <J wJ _S<w F, bF f tyu u (buw <] ~># tyu u N
ZC<w<] @t, N< N< tyu u) wS tyu Ju N-N Nu* Ju NC

1368

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[<bd-Jd b@

wwg-wwg uJ Ju w F Ju* u qbw F $ o< Fu tCu, tu bd J bF <bT

F* F, <JwC bF _ba F NCw Fuw F $$24$$ Fu tCu, ywg N< w tyu u, Jv u wS
Jvus wCb a u Nww wCtu t*u JF, tu* wCt Nb_Sw Fu $ bF
F NJd Jwu F* $
b_wb tu* F JC~> bW Fuw F N JC~> <bW F Fuw F $ Nu J o Jub
w, JR u wt NJ N< JR Su J Nus u N@J JR <w
Fuub bF Jub J<w Fuw F $$27$$
u* bF tu* u N<@J t w F ? o t tu* FuwC fwwu F* $
w Ju S Jw J Nb, w |w uwR Fuu Ju Jd asu J Nb, <bJ
N< J Nb, <J<J < J, NJ N< J N<w J J wS <g|
Fuu Ju Jd (N) <<w Ju S wg-Su J Nwg-Su J fJ NI<u*
Jvw NJ tu* <Ju J o NJ F F $$28,29$$
w wCwwb J F J Fu Z tFub aF Jwu F* $
d a w, Cg N<R
NJ N< t`-u u Jvw u* u <bw F "' o Ns J N@t` J u
, <f, <w N wtJ t` F*, tu* u S wt J t` F, bF ty<w
F $$30$$ Zbvt<J u JF # aJ u buw J u u <, ww o b<>tC<
Ju wS N _J, N< ZuwNu* Ju S F db J N@t` J t y
<fJC w Fu w F, uu wbtJ b-a Ju w wC Ju wC tu*
t<<wR <bt<> Ju S JR Fu u u dtw# b<Wu* Ju <bZw J
ybg aJ b<> Ju NZt tu* sdwJ FuJ C f> yu, u*<J t
J t tu* <bZ<w Fuu Ju N@ d oBu* Ju tw Fu yu Su $$31$$

*wb y tw
J tCB Ju t w Ju S u J Nb Fuu _bt tu* asu
Fuy, o "F*' u JFwu F* - "Nasuwg'$ asu u* F* Fuy ? o JFwu F* "|uw' $ *@b-^> Ju |w Fuu Ju tu* Bbb N< <bJ u u
w F, bu F F Nb JC~> <bJ Fuy, o JFwu F* - "N<bJ<t[bh'$
(N)

y - 35]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1369

*wb y
f, <bdC N aJ N< Ju u t <w_bR tFub F*,
bu F tt u* J t Nb<@ F* oJ bd $

tF b<> u JF # Zt, ww sd tu* yR Jt< Ju ubw

tFub u w Ju Nw bvb u Ju Jd tCHu I uu Ju < CJ
FuJ NSwg tuu u u uw FuJ N oh~> u u`ut J _bJ <J
Fu*u N Nu* u * $$1$$ B, u tu|aC> u tu|u* Ju f u NSb NJ
N <Sb Ju f u <w FN <Jdu* J tF_bR R J Nu u Na<Jw Fuu Ju Jd
tCR NJw tu* <w F B, N N<R u`u* Ju tF u t<@ J CS
N<w <J $$2$$
w[bfu@ tu* uy Fuu Ju Jd ybg Fu N u R fwwu F* $
ob u JF # Fu tCu, wCt Fu <b Ju <<@ tu* J Nu (yt Ju) t<SJ
_bR J F tdu* u | <@d Ju $ w yt tu* NSw (f<FtCw Ju N
d NSu Ju tw) btS J Ctwg- Ju u Na J yFd tw Ju,
u*<J u _<w J J F b N F NJ Ju w, , nw N, Fu N u fFw F, <k J N u* <J ? o
JFwu F* $
u JC~> o a tu* u F, u w[bI u u <; u*<J "uZCwa ZCwa btwa
twt<bIwa <bIwa b<w' (<J I Fu u NZCw ZCw, N<bw <bw N
y y Fuw F) o< ZC<w Ju NC Nt F d B> Su J
w[bw# Fu F w F $ Nw# u (w[bI Ju) uu yu uu yu tu* Ju S u F
F ? t-<bTu* tu* w[bI Ju < Juo Fu u F* Fw, F t* >J w
Fq $$4$$ _bJw o> N w N<> <bT f <W Ju Nb tu* FuwC Fuwu F*, wf bu <wt
Fu wu F* N f <bsu Ju FuwC Fu wu F*, wf bu F N<wt Fu wu F* $ <wt N
N<wt o <bJvu* J < Jwu Fu, wu wCt @ N wbR Fu $ J wJ
Zbd N< tu* NCJ JC~> Sun- f-<> J Nbf J yw w[b J <w Ju <
Ju, t u J u <bw tw FuNu, F JFwu F* $

1370

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[<bd-Jd b@

(< wCt wSuw @ fu tu* NtS Fu, wu) fI Ju (N) fI Ju < |

F Zbd N< tu* NCJ o f<> J NZ uJ tuu u JC~> JF u wCt Cu $
NtI Ju Ju <f C f>u Fu u J- CTS Fuy ? $$6$$
fJ u* Ju t tu* uFtw F tFg NS N d NSu J f F, Nw#
u F tCHu ~C>nu Ju < ybg bW F, u* tF b<> JFwu F* $
<`@ ybg aJ u wF J q Jv JFJ Nyu JFu ubu uFtt
Ju < Ju < <k F JF <J wCt fuF N< tu* NtI tw fu $ (uF J <J<w
u @ F, bu F uw<w @ F $ o< uF tu* Nt J <w F* Fu
Jw, o N F, F JFwu F* $) ` J o d u F
F uFR | _kCw Fuw F $$7$$ d-bC u FN uFR | a ~>unJ tJ
Ju _Sw Fw F $ uFR | tu* CJ <J<w dbC Cw F N abu
<w wu Nt<<w F F $$8$$
tu* <J<w J t N NZ uu* > Fu wu F*, wC <<w<w > F* Fuw,
F JFwu F* $
bF <<w<w Ntw N NJ u _bh~> F $ wu* J tu* J f<@w Fuub
<<w J W F Ju N Fu wu F* N uF<buy u F d bC_bR Fu w F $$9$$ NJ u _bh~>
<t > F** Fuw $ (o< NuJ J Ju) tu* u Fuy ? (<t u* > F*
Fuw ? otu* <W JFwu F* $) u*<J <*yuF u ab<w t#dt uF tu* Nbd<Fw
<<ww[b J F N<<w Fuw F $$10$$
_SuFt` tu* wu t<w Fuu u <<w Ju N<w Ju J t F* F, oJ >w
Jwu F* $
Fu tC<J, <t Nbu d tu* <J wF J <w<ff<J Ju <f b_wC J
<w<ff nw F N u tCw d tu* tu _Sw <bt b_wC J <w<ff
F* nw, bu F uF Ju <bt Fu d Ju <J u u tu* <<w J <w<ff
F* nw $$11,12$$
Nwb bJ Fuw Fo <<w tJaJ u Nbw Fuu Ju Jd <*yuF Ju ~>unJ
N` f<JNu* tu* N N N _bR u tu* tS F* Fuw N <*yuF tu* Nbw
u S buJ_ sC <wu sCTfuT# $ J_wS bwwt
<wu uJ#u f# $$ d uJu* Ju u`R u f sC Ju uTu* u <w F*
Fuw, bu F J N f wu* Ju Nwt uJ #u* u <w F* Fuw) o ZC<w tu*
NuJw Ju tS Ju < t_w a Ju fR u fw y Nt "f' J
NS F, Ju I Ju <, F "ffu@' J NS F $)
(N)

y - 35]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1371

Fuu Ju Jd J b<W uu* tu* f <JNu* tu* N N _bR u tu* tS

Fuw F, F JFwu F* $
bJ Fuw Fo <<w f |><-NJ u _S Fo fC<]b<W u uF_ N< Ju
<w tS Fuw F $ N fJI u wu tJaJ u <tCw FuJ bF t ubRw F,
o N u JFwu F* $
bF F F, bF <b F, bF <F^y F, bF wCtC f F, bF ubwNu* J <w oB F,
bF bC, N<, B ba R F N bF tubR F $$14$$ bF b` J Nt F,
bwJ uw F, ubu ubwg, @w, ubub N _by_bt F $$15$$ tFw Ju
ytJ tCv J Nu u tC@ F* Fuwu, uu u Juo F*, bu f, <bdC, tFub N<
Wt ubwNu* Ju _bRu* tu* <] F* $$16$$
u fR ubw F, J <> tu* wwg-wwg yCd tu* N<t ubu, u f N<
<> N< J Ju < N<bw F F* N N< Ju <b_kC<*y J o <sw Fuwu F*, o N
u JFwu F* $
B, t <<w u u* Nu u <Ju F u f, <bdC, tFub N< wu F -
uFu Ju yuu u <Ju N<-Jdu* J o N tCB u <Ju <fNu* J o tw Ju
F J NaR F* $$17$$
F u JF y F, bF N bF<> u JF y F, <> u F* $ u) wu f N< Ju N<bb u uJ y N< J u>, NCyFbJ u
u, f^>u* J N<@ _bJ J N< <wu <wubw bF F*, bu f N<bJw
<w_bR F F*, b_w<bJ F*, F JFwu F* $
SS tu* tR f u F* F*, wS< NIb t_bR f u
J wF wt, Jt` t_bR Su J wS tu* tu* FuwCw F* NuJ JvNu*
Ju Jubu t J _S<w tu* F Fu* -Nu* tu* kJ bu, buS <> Ju
N<t Jt, ayuay <JJ, ba fw[b Ju fu@uuy N bu N< tu*
N<@J b wS J Jt, Jt N b, t, td N< NSR > o fJ
_bRw F N-Ju<> Su Ju _bR tu* k
Fo Nt _Swt N<b J bd Ju tu* J CT tS Fu Jw F NSwg Juo F* $

1372

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[<bd-Jd b@

NSb J Nt N<b J bd Ju J u <] Fuy NSwg Juo F* <]

Fuy $$20$$ <J f, F, F N< ubwNu* J uFR <@ J yF N<bJ F F,
o< F w_bR tFub J t <w F $ < wF vbu* J t f bs F,
wF wt tFub J t f F $$21$$ Fu tCu, <u w wtJ tFubw[b J J < F, Ju < wu bF w[b b N F, u*<J f <du*
J f N N<@ bF F $ bF btJ, JR, t_w Iu* J Jt` J N
ftu* W_k<w J Jub F $$22$$ w[bI Ju uJ oB N uJ b_wC tu*
JR Fuu Ju Jd bF <bT Fuw F, q F* $ bF b` F <w_bb F ba
ItJ Fuu Ju Jd b<bTJ F $$23$$ t tu* f>u Ju < N N J Ju <
t` N< JC~> Ju < Cw F* Fuwu, u*<J bF NFqw ba b` F _Sw F,
Nwb Nu wR u u* Nu @ Fu w F $$24$$ Fu tCu, F <btJ <<w << b_wC_S<w J Nu w F, bF* <bT, <bTJ, <bTttJ t N J
sw <> oJ _bR _ba F @dJ uw F, q Juo @d F* Jw $$25$$
tFTu, oF* f Jdu* u t_w N< bFu* tu* Stu_Sw u,
t_Ju, _wC<wu, NPu N << ubwNu* J bt bF <<ww[b F, F wCt
u $ F fnu-fnu Iw Su J t t F $$26$$ b], uJ ba Ju
<bJ o Ntw[b J sJ J tC <k a tu* u yu f J o NaJCw
F* Fuw $$27$$ Fu <buB, u <b<w FN t_w wCNu* tu* N uw F, u fJ Nus
N F N u N u F, bF N, t ba F_wyw t_bR wCF* Fu,
o< f-<>u* tu* u* tuF Jwu Fu ? $$28$$

*wb y tw

~>Wb y
t_w <bb J <W Ju <<tW, bJ u _Sw wS
<J u _ Fuu Ju Jd <bC] <<ww[b Ju bb J bd $

ob u JF # Fu tCu, <J o <<wR Ntw[b J sJ J CT <k a tu*

F* Fuw, o< t_w bSu Ju w Fubu Nu NCb_bR Jt` <bC]
Jt <<ww[b Ju F tC<uy a-uy J NFd Jub BR ob wu F* $$1$$
Fu tCu, wCt o <t <<ww[b Ju N< fu* J f, aR <> J t N
buu<w Jtu tu* t Jt u $$2$$ bF <<ww[b << Jdu* J <J<wu* J Jd F
N N W u t_w bu* tu* W Jub F $ b_wb tu* bF <J J Jd F
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JJ, b Ju N Fub w uw, f buu* J uw fC<]b<W Ju

y - 36]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1373

f@ u <w N<<w u <bTu* J J Jub Jg R uw F, uu* J t

N<@>w w[b F N Nu Ju F t u NuJ R tu* b J uub F $$4$$ Fu tCu
Ju tC<uy sC N< ba N< Ju* J JJ, _ba sC, N< Ju* u J<w
Fuub, N<JJ, _ba NJu F t_w fu* Ju fR u _Sw, J N <t <g|
JFwu F* $$5$$ <<ww[b tu* <Sb, Ng, wuR wg N bC ba NJR wg F* Fwu $
bF Bq, w ba bFJ N <w<J Nb_SNu* u b<w F $ Fu B, yw N
NJwW Ju f@-J tu* Ju (f@ Ju) sR u <bt u <t`_bR b_wC F,
bF bF <<ww[b F, q F*, F wCt u $$6$$ tFTu, bF <<ww[b _ba F a fb_S
tu* ytJ, <bT_t<wJ tu* <W-suJ Fuu Ju Jd aJ_bR, <bTf@- tu*
aR, <bT<buy- tu* <W J t<w J Jd Fuu u uR @R Fu w F
N bF _ba Ntw_bR Fuwu F | F <` N-Ju<> yBq t<tu* J t<J _kCw Fu yo F*,
Nyu _kCw Fuy N bwt J tu* _kCw Fu F F* $$8$$ o _bJ_bR Ntw[b
tu* N Jt` W u ywgt@ bsdw < ww Fu F F; wS< b_wb tu* bF
JC~> F* F $ u N< tu* b, <b_kC<*y, J N< bsdw ww Fu F
d_bb N F* F, bu F Jw tu* tH <F $$9$$
o Jd "NdudtFwu tFg' (Ntw[b t<wt tdC u twt
N fnu u fnu NJ u fn F $) bF ZC<w Ntw[b tu* N< <b] @tu J tbu
fww F, o N u JFwu F* $
fg, o <<ww[b u tFg tuRbw Ju Nu tu* t < F N tdC Ju bF
tt F u tC< uy JFwu F* $ ou tFg tuRbw Ju i>J < F N tdC Ju
Nw t F u tC< uy JFwu F* $$10$$
o <<ww[b tu* JJw |w N tw J u F* F, o N u JFwu F* $
<ww[b u tFg Jv u J Ju Nu tu* t < F N bF <tuTt`
J_bR F, F tCuy JFwu F* $ < ou tFg JvR J Ju N t
F; wS< N <tuTt`_bR JRw J y F* <J F $$11$$
w NS Ju F Jwu F F u o tFg a- Ju <w Jww w J F N F
fn Jt J F JC~> Jw F F* $$13$$ F B_bR Fuw FN B<Fw, B<Fw
Fuw FN BCw, b<w Fuw FN f^>R b N f^> b
Fuw FN <Fw F $$14$$ F > |n J N_bR Fuw FN <w w#JR

1374

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( Ju <`tCFqwtJ JR) F $ w#J _bR Fuw FN N_bRw w Jw

F $ b_wb tu* wu bF tCFqwR F, NR F N w#J_bR F F, NSb N_bR
N w#J_bR F F $$15$$
J tW, NI N< <Tw <SJ N_bR bF F, u fwu
Ju < tu* u JC~> J NCJd J <wu F* $
tW CT <w <SJ u <*<>-<*<>, -<, C<wg, <~><, |, <b<bwg,
<wg, , yCCyCC, < o< bu* J u hd Jwu F*, bu <SJ b w_bR
F F* wS SJ bu< tF_bR bF F $ b_wCw# u Juo S F*
F, u o <<ww[b tu* Nu<w FuJ W w Jw Fu $ a tu* u Juo b_wC F* F, u
<<ww[b_bR Fu $$16,17$$
o <<ww[b J Fu sJ J u u dt <J S, oJ _td Jwu F
aF Jwu F* $
< tt tu* F t_w a <bt F, w- Ju N N Nu* Ju
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k, Ju*, b, s N<R <W Ju Jd <bd N u u J o aJC<w J
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y - 37]

1375

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y - 37]

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y - 38]

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1379

tFTu, tu* <] _bu, _wa, uta N< <bJu* u w <J u bW F

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1380

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t ub F $ F t_w Su J NZ, bJ NCbtJ N wt`_bR F $
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y - 38]

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1381

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u <bTu* Ju NC Nu-Nu Ju tu* b_Sw F*, <w NbuJ <J
Jw F $$48$$ ww FS, N< Nbb tFu* wS Nw Juu* tu* CT Ju NJ
Ju S w J b Ju Ju Jd Nu tu* CT J NJ<w uw F N u
JJw- u NJ_twg bF tu* tS uJ Nw >-C> Fu w F $$49$$
o Nb_S tu* _Sw F b @d J Fu o Nwg wCh~> Ju, Nwg F _bb_S

1396

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

Ju tC N y@by J o, uw Fw F $$50$$
"F a <t F' u I Fuu F ywg C# Jw Fw F F, o<
C# J NT<@ <tI Ju 
~>wu F* $
tF b<> u JF # ybg, F ywg u F y@by Ju NJ J Fu wS oJ
t u F _b Ju u , <k C# Ju < _Sw wu F F $ o< C# Ju
s Ju < F J- C<w F ? $$51$$
f wJ b J s F* Fu w, wf wJ <tb J w < F C# J <b<W
tu* Jt` F, Nww# <tbI u JC~> F* Fu w, o N u W uwu F* $
ob u JF # tFTu, b Ju Jd C# Fuw F N bF b <bt b_wC tu*
FCN Jw F $ F ywg wu tywd Ju Ju way t N<bt (<t) F F $$52$$
ywg tu* Naw N[b J < Fu u NZ N Ju <bT N< J <fJC
Nb Fu u u F b J C# <W F* Fuw, F JFwu F* $
o< <Ju J b<w Fuy N <JJu JF u b Fuy ? Fu tFTu, _bb_S
J CT Ju tywd Ju J J Jw F ? $$53$$ B> Ju <Fw, NFw u
Cw N t wS t N< Ju S o ywg J uT tu* f N_wb F F* Fw wf
u _wC F, bF Nb<> F w F $$54$$ bF wu Juo b Fw F, Juo
bJ Fw F N Juo b J <bT (b_) F Fw F $ <J*wC Jt` Jubb
<t`_bb F Fw F, <tu* <J J J t <w aw Fu CJ F $$55$$ <
J <> tu* bFJ <w<J C> aR s _bR Fuu Ju Jd <
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o J tu* F buw J o F <Wb FCo F, <J t ywg F $
J a<w Fu u Nsw a<w F Nb<> Fw F $$57$$ NFw tu*,ywg tu* wS
tywd Ju tu* < tC J N_S f@ FCo F, JtCFu* Ju f-f <@J F !
bF J o u Ju J F* F $$58$$
bF u* u Ju u F* F ? o JFwu F* $
o ywg tu* NtI uy <b<> N<@Jw b Ju F u < Jwu F*, <J
nJu Ju, u N<@J w Fuu u NuJ J J <wu* u y_w F, Nu
u<sw F ba NBq uF N< tu* N<t u Ju Jd Nt F $ u CT uu N<@J
NI b Ju u uw F, bF tu* uu- C J _b tu* uu yu CT Ju uw F $
bF J fFCw fn t F F, F b F $$59$$

oJwb y tw

y - 42]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1397

fb y
o N-tJ u a F, bF f t F F,
F u uJ ybg ZaJ J Nu b_S Ju <w yt - F bd $

"buwb_SJa _Swa <w uFJtg' o b u b N Ju Nw tu* u Nu

JF y F, Ju uTa J ~>wu F* $
tF b<> u JF # Fu ybg , ww <> Ju N< tu* Jv Ju St NJt
tu* uF<bt Ju u F bF b NJ tu* _Sw FuJ <J Nb_S Ju w Jw F ? $$1$$
yb aJ u JF # Fu tCu, < J _btC N<wt <nu* tu* Naw <b_ww
f^> uw F, J bF b t t <J tu* buw Jt Ju NC f FCN
uw F $$2$$
J<Sw >w Ju N J F C# <bbd Jwu F* $
u N _btC w| Nt Ju b` J Fuu u f^>R J Jw F,
bu F @ b f^>R J Jw F $$3$$
N< y tu* bF b ttJ <@ u Cw FuJ <F^y t @d J Nu tu*
N fF J b_wCNu* tu* tuu* J u (<Rd) Jw F, F JFwu F* $
oJu f bF t* w Nw "CT' F, o J CT-t J Nu F _bR tu*
<td Jw F N u S<tJ CT Ju R tu* | J<w Fuw F $$4$$
bF [bJ, N wt Jvu* tu* b N< t<wu* J Fu Jv J <k
u* J Jv Jw F, u JFwu F* $
o J bF b <J y tu* F CT <b Fuw F, f tu* <J y tu* <bdC wu
<J wu y tu* <bdC J < u f JF w F $$5$$
"NJbu f' (f NJ u Fuw F) o b td J <w u <wtF

C> FCN St aJv F t<><>_bR tut t<w wJ <F^y FuJ
< Cb, , <> N< J < wF u Jv Jw F, u wF u bFu
NCb Jw F $$7$$ < wF _bR buw w[bJ <> u NBq N t<> u Bq
w F, J F t_w a w[b<> u Nwg N t<> u Bq w F, o<
ywg J <bI Jub NFw F F $$8$$ w <w u u N< CT _b<w b_wC Ju <w
B>R Fu w F, bF <tuTt` J tu* F Jt` Nu _bR Ju u u <J_bR

1398

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

Fu w F N _bR J <b_td Fuu wu u <tuTt` J F Nw N Nt a Ju

<w u w F $$9$$ bF <tuT F Jv tu* tS F, u Jub <w Ju u N< NJ tu*) wS sd-sd tu* bu <>, Jv
N tFJv Ju N<bb N <wub FN Jwu F* $$11$$
bu <>-u <wu bu* tu* tt tu* t<bTJ b J b Fuy, wu
bu* Ju _ N< bFu* u Cw Fu*yu, qu* Ju < N< bFu* u Cw F*
Fu*yu, u* ub Ju J J NZ uJ JFwu F* $
Juo uy by<w J tw u Nu N< bF Ju u uu wu F* N
Juo N<@> Nt Ju Iw Fu u u _ bF u F* uu wu $$12$$
tu* C<w fwwu F* $
<J yR u _Sw b Ju t FuJ F bu y Fuwu F*, o<
bu t<J_bR tt tu* F* Fuwu, u*<J bF bu <J_bR tu* F
b<w F* $$13$$
y fW u <us FuJ N W u F u-Jf@ Ju f u wW u
F Fu* ? o aJ JFwu F* $
u y _bJ bw J o Bq N NBq FuJ <b Fu wu F* $ o J u
N J yu u Fu NJw F* Su N yu J Jww F S $$14$$
wf y w _ba F _bR Fu*yu ? o JFwu F* $
u y _bR F* Fu Jwu, u*<J u tu "y' N "wg' uu* J qu Ju
Fu u u y J N<b<W Fu uy "bu <bwu w#' ou ybg u wg
Su J NRw F <] F* Fu Jw $ (wf b<J-tw Ju @R u NCyw wwg-wwg
sdR F [b y tu* t<u, otu* N<W F ? o JFwu F* $) y tu* sdR [b
F* t Jw, u*<J sdR [b w<wJw >F F* Jw $ < Nw Nww
tu* W t wu yyJCCt N< NJ (Nwg) Su tu* [b J N<W Fu uy $
(ou Nsd N Nwsd Ju f@R t N F Fuw F N JC~> F Fuw F $$15$$
u _S<w tu* Ftu <]w J F d u <F, o N u buw <]w J
_td Jwu F* $
<<w F d a Ju aJvR u Nu tu* J tJw Jw F, < J
_b tu* y J <td, w N w tJw Fuw F N w<J u N J u

y - 42]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1399

f@ F* Jw $$16$$
wf y tu* u ba J uu* u NJwb J NCb Ju Fuw F ? o JFwu F* $
u aJvt bw u Nt u, J< NJw Fuu b_wb tu* bu NJw F*
JFu Jwu, bu F bFJ W u Cw o ywg u u, J N< Ju NJw Fuu
bu b_wb tu* NJw F* JFu Jwu $$17$$ < wF wR u Nb_Sw
aJvt tubw u b_wb tu* NJw F F u, J N< aJvJ tu* NJwu ww Fuwu F*, bu F bFJ ywg u NJw u, J N< aJv-J tu*
NJw-u ww Fuwu F* $$18$$
ou aJv Ju NC F CT, J>, _Sb N< tb<c Fuw F, u JFwu F* $
u<FJ N NtC<tJ <JNu* tu* tS u F CT F, bF < Jt u Fuw F,
Jt u F sd tu* J> Fu w F $$19$$ J o f^> tu* _Sbu* J u<
Fuw F*, J N^> N< J J <w N B u uJ wdw
S t<@>w Ju aJvJ tu* Fu wu F* $$20$$ Juo y b J tw
Ju Jd tdC Ju t F* N Juo y b Ju _bv <bJ u `udC Ju fnu F*,
F Jt w ba b y Ju <bT tu* <F $$21$$
wf Ju o <> J t Fuw F ? o JFwu F* $
tSw[b J <w Ju u N Fu w F,
ww NU u <bR w[b w Fu w F $$22$$
J sd Ju Fa Jt` tu* < JF* <t f<FtC Fu , wu Junu* Jvu* tu*
ku F Na NS w Fu wu F*, F JFwu F* $
<tuTt` Ju <Ju yu yu* tu* u <J J Ju N@u yt` Jw F < <<w
Nu b_wb _bR u <y , wu bF tFg NSR u <w Fu w F $$23$$
<<w J _bR <w> F fRw F, ou JFwu F* $
w[bbuW CTu* Ju NCw Fuub, <J J o Nu _bR tu* Nb_Sw <<w
F N< Ju* u J<w Fuubu t fw_bR F, Nw# bF f u
JF w F $$24$$
N<t J N<b<] u WuW u*-u* <> fw w F, u*-u* <t Ju
J J N u<@ u sCBw Nt tu* w Fuw w F, u* JFwu F* $
o y Ju Fu u tFw J J F* Fuw N <tw u N J u
<w h~>uu* u Nt tu* tJw tFg tw N sCBw w Fu w F $$25$$ Fu <
tCu, f<<w <@b bb Ju w FuJ uF, oB N< Ju ab-Jt u ty, w,
J>, ub, NC N<R Fu w F $$26$$
o< ` tu* yCS y t J o F <bb wg N Nwg-R ` tu* yCS y

1400

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

_Sw F, u JFwu F* $
<, J, Nw, N <bb Ju N Fubu <bb Ju Jw < f tu* t
J o wg ba Nwg u y<Sw ywg Fw F; <bbuJ Fuu bF q F, t F, F,
u F, wCF F, tu F, Fu S, N F, w#J tu* F, wg F, Nwg F N
wg N Nwg Ju t tu* Fub NunJ q Juo S F* Fu Jw $ o t w[b tu* fnu-fnu bF-<bbu*
J b Jub <JJ tdt J N _S<w F* f Jw, < J
tu* N< N _S<w F* f Jw $$29$$ Fu tCu, wCtu ~>, b F t*u W
< $ wCF Jvd Fu $ Nf Ft uy N N<tw < J Nu Fu F* $ Fu
bw, Nou, <>u $$30$$ tF b<> u JF # Zt, u J^> ybg
aJ u JFJ, <Ju t*u t Ca< t<w J S, Nu b Ju
S NJ Ju> J Nu n yu $$31$$ Fu ZtB, Fu u F t<@ @u* u
t*u <`Cb Ju N<@<w t<w Ju u Ju f sd C FJ Ju _tdbJ
Ju <> < Nus NtR ubw J b (Jw) N Z] Nun < $$32$$
fb y tw

w*wb y
b u d _bt_bR <b J CJ ZtB fC] Fu yu N
_ba JwJ FuJ b tu* w Fu yu F bd $

w[bsJ tu* b<w, ob <>, _btR <b Ju J Zt Ju

Z]<@ Fuu Ju < a J Fu b<> _ba J C# u uwu F* $
tF b<> u JF # Fu Zt, tFub aJ u buJ> F _bt w Fuu Ju
Jd NBq b Nwg F ywg uw F, NtJ at tu* Fu Jw F
N N Fu Jw F ? $$2$$
tu* Jw F,
u JFwu F* $
NuJ wF J Jv Jubu J<bu* Ju J yo < N< tu* tu N< <b<b@

y - 43]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1401

bu* J JvR J- u <-< wF JS <J w F - wF Zbd

J bu N< Nu N tu-Rw J Jvbsw J NCb Jwu F* $ < Fu* F
NCb F* Fuw wu JSCb tJ J N_b F* Fuw N J<bu* Ju N<@J B
, t N< F* Fuwu, F b F $$3$$
<b<b@Jv NIw Nt J _bb F F, o N u N qu >w fwwu F* $
u tu* Bbb _bb F, u bC tu* _b _bb F N u NJ tu* b
_bb F, bu F Nt tu* yb_bb F $$4$$
o J _b<bJ F <bJvR Nu tu* Rw J <w t* w u uJ N
wJ Jw FN F _Sw Fq, u JFwu F* $
Fu Zt, wfu uJ N wJ Jt u t* yw ~>unJ Nt J N Jw FN
Nb_Sw Fw Fq $$5$$ Fu ZtB, o -<b@ u o bFd <u* Ju t* N<
FuJ <fw F Fq $$6$$ ywg-J tu* <-w tC w F <JR JCCtu* u Nt
J Jw Fq $ CTC<w-J tu* bF h~> FN ww Fuu b_wb tu* <J t
bF h~> FN F F* F, u*<J CTC<w-J tu* "CtFt_ba <J*<bu<Ttg' >u
Ju f F o _td J FuwC N<bb<WR C u N Fu Jw F F $$7$$
wf wu NI<u* Ju w J J 
w Nt tu* >-ku* J fFw fwJ Zt Ju tu* bW Jwu F* $
Fu |Cwu, o <> J Nbf J N<w <tCw F <W u o aR un yo N<w C# Fuu tu* J
Nbf J N <b J< $$10$$ B, @ N f@CNu* J Nyt N N Fuu
FT N <bT F* J <F, u*<J u a Ju NCb <bb F F* $$11$$
ZtB, bu yw Jub <bTu* J <`-<b<` _S<w Fu < wF
Nw F*, < wF w F* N < wF _bw CT Ju <w Jw F*, F N wu
F F* $$12$$ o J Nbw FuwCNu* u ut N @ Nwu Fwu F* N u* F u wu
F* $$13$$ Fu <t, bu ywg Ju bF wu NJu N F* N N F Ju N F* $
o J F ywg wCh~> F F, o< N u* S aww Fuwu F* ? $$14$$
< N ywg J wCh~>w F* Fwu, wu "Nt F ywg F' F b J< $ b Ju

1402

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

u f@C N< J <buy Fuu Nu Nbb bw J o Ntu* FT N uJ J b<W

F* Fuy, u JFwu F* $
<t`_bR <b NJ<wbu ZtB, F N yBq F F*, u NCb J< $
u NCb Ju NJu Nu Nbbu* Ju bw J o FT N uJ J ay F
F ? $$15$$ Fu ww, N <t`_bR F*, F ywg Nu SJg F* F $ o< NJu
<J J N JF Fu N u J Jv Fuy ? $$16$$ w <w u <t ywgy tu* <Bq ytJ J J aw Fuu N tCB tu* waytF Fuu FT N uJ
J ay F ? $$17$$
w J Nwt t tu* ZtB Ju _S Jwu F* $
Fu Zt, Fu Jt` w_bRw wJ N ww CTC<wJ _S<w
wJ N N F u wCb_S _bR Fu ou $$18$$ _ba b<b@ bTu* u <tCw, f
Ju S J _bRw ygR Nu* u Cw, wu_b- N fC<] FuJ
Nt- tu* w Fuwu F N tCB J o dR u _Sw <Fu $$19$$ Fu |C,
F f Nu C N d fC<] FuJ N <_Sw F* $ u Juo q o <bT tu*
~> Fwu Fu*, wu u <~> N Fu u $$20$$ Zt u
JF # fg, N tu a <buTR u <bW Fu y $ t*u t_w Iw w[b < N
tCHu _b<bJ w<w Fu yo $$21$$ Fu tCu, Nf tCHtu* NI F, b N f J u F,
u F N t F F $ Fu tCHtu* u NI S, bF o t > Fu y $$22$$ Fu tCu, w
NIb "Nt tu* JaJ F' o J J u <w S, bF NJu u o t <bW Fu
yo $$23$$ wu Nt Fuw F, tw F N JaJCw F Fw F $ "F f ywg
ft F' o J J sJ Fu u u t* <w Ju w Fu y Fq $$24$$
ybg, f J Ju u* u, au* u N oh~>w Su u Nu u <bW FN tu
t <t Fu y N J b Fu y, < J fo ` <Ju wsd
(Jn yJ t<w fu J <J) u Jn N< -<ff u b Fu wu F* $$25$$
tF, < J Ctubw Cbdu J N<T Jw FN _Sw Fw F, J
@CNu* t tu* Nu F <u* Ju JFu yu wF u @uuu* J w NJas
Jw FN t* _Sw Fq $$26$$ tJ o a tu* u Juo Fu, u Juo NCU b_wC F* F, <J tCHu N<T Fu, u Juo b_wC F* F,
u tuu < Fu N u Fu N u Juo b_wC F* F, u u F Fu $$27$$ Fu tCu, F
Fu F, F u F, F wg F N F Nwg F, o J J tFg <wR tu t
<CdwbJ <b Fu y $$28$$ t* _by J N<T Jw Fq N b J Ju S uT
F Jw Fq, <J*wC t J o t FuJ N Nt tu* F _Sw Fq $$29$$ tF,

y - 44]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1403

tdC J o Jd-Jd fJ wu* uJu* Ju > J uubu s-y J u* Nu u

<w F, <w Ju <wb F tR t u <J u t tu* n S
Nf t FuJ <bZw Fu y F $$30$$ F ywg < _bR J <o uw F, _bR
J F, u < J Juo q _bR F* F u* u t w F, Ju tu* b Ju
N<@J w, JCw a-tFu* u Fuub "F b_wC F N F Nb_wC F' o
J J Jv wR u <w Fuw Fw F* $ Fu tCb, tuu JFu yu o NS Ju
N Nu NCb u t<dw J< N u< $ J J t CT < @ N<
<bTu* Ju < J^ Jw F, ywg-f@ bu b_wC w<[bJ #) wayu* u Cw wS <bC]
<Jb<W u Fuu Ju Jd nR F, yu $$33$$ Fu tub, Ftu <Wu* J
Nb<@ , N<Wu* J t J Nw u < $ Ftu* bw t tu* w
F N Nf Ft d_bR Fu yu $$34$$ tFTu, Nf Ft t o aR tsu` tu*
NR F<Su* J bw Ju w Fu y F $$35$$
d t#_S<w J F bd J Fu Zt aF Jwu F* $
ybg, tuu t u t_w <bJv <~>-< Fu yu F* $ oh~> <J y $ NJ^ u
J _Sw Fu yo F $ wu* uJu* tu* <] dB, s-y, J N<
<wu -_bR S F*, fJ u N<wJtd J < F, w u bF < > F $
F Jd F <J bF buWt FuJ <_Sw F $$36$$

w*wb y tw

bb y
I J w Ju < oh~>-y u uJ tu<bw N<w<b Ju u* J JS $

< ZtB u _bJ w[bI-<> J bd J < wS< J Ju Fu hC<w Fu , o< "_SdC<' u btCwsdR buw
@ J F <w> Jubu tF b<> buw NU bFuuy
N<R <w NbR u N Jw F N uy NS J f F, o< C# t
N< NSu J <w Fuy o NaJ J F Jwu F JFwu F* $
tF b<> u JF # B, oBu* Ju S y Jwu Fu*, wu bF <J y F* t w $$1$$
<bT wu <tw# wC<> Ju @ F*, Nw# tu* y J y Ju <J Jw F ?

1404

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

o NaJ JFwu F* $
B, Fu <w-t tu* b_wC < wF wC<>@ Fuw F, wF <w Ju J sd
f wC<>@ F* Fuw, o <bT J <Ju NCb F* <J F $ <JT F <J <J
<w-sd ~>unJ b N W J tu* <bTu* tu* wC<>@b J < Fu u Ju Jd
<bT wC<>@ F*, F <t F* F $$2$$
o u <-J<J NS uubu s<dJ C tu* N<wJ >J F* F, F
JFwu F* $
< wF -J tu* <bT wC<> Ju < Fuw F, wF qu J tu* F* Fuw $
o< fJ F s<dJ C uubu <bTu* tu* N<w f@w F, q F* $$3$$
f <bT J <w u <w s<dJ oh~><u@ C J FuwC F wf oh~> J Nw
h~>u <<w N J FuwC F, F wu NSw# <] Fu F w F; u _S<w tu* oh~> F
NSR F, o N u JFwu F* $
Fu tB, oh~>J tu* u b_wC N@ ww Fuw F, tu* Jt` Jd oh~> F
F $ awC bF N w wJ f Fw F f wJ oh~> Fw F N<bu@ N<T u
F N J <bh~>u Fuw F, o< N oh~> J y J <u $$4$$
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u u Fu F*, bF NS w F ? o JFwu F* $
B, < N w w J CJu F*, wu <k <J t J Ju <bZt J < F, Nw# NFabR
tFyw tu* <k <yu u F* F* $$6$$
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J J NaJ Ju tu* Jd F F <J J
_td J < F N w[bIR Ctubw Ju < _S < F, CT J
yCR (y J NCd J t N< NS Jubu NFabR) Nw#w tu*
w Ju Fu Jw F ? w I N u J >w F, F
b F $$7$$
NSb qu* Ju J Ju < t*u <k F u < F, NJ wu NI > Fu CJ F,
F t*u tw N< FuwCNu* u F < F, o N u JFwu F* $
tB, F NJ u tw ba wt _bb tCHu <o uw F, ou t* NCt
Jw Fq <J N <bJv<Fw N N<b<Fw Fu CJu F* $$8$$ Fu Zt, Nu
w_bb tu* <w Nb_Sw F N tu* tCHu F s J Fu F* <J d y J

y - 44]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1405

Jub d y Ju <t tw Ntu* <bt F $$9$$ B, N<w

u Fu NJ N < tu* dw Fu , b Nb tu* dw Fu N t
NtuR tu* dw Fu $$10$$
Ft tuS Ju J Nu N wu F*, - b_wC<> tu* tW_bR u
b<]yw <g|R f Nb_Sw F $$11$$ Fu ZtB, NJu < Nt NIw F wu N
wF u f] F N < Nt <bIw F wu N f] F* F*, o< t N< J w u
N F Nt Nt Ju yw J< $$12$$
Nf bw J _bCby sd fwwu F* $
< tu* Nt uyC J N_b F* uw N @b w F # N< J
_b uw F, u NJ Ju Jut, twR <bb tu* JJd J JtR
u N Nt tu* NCb J< $ ou N (J <wJw > Fu u Ju Jd) <k
a Ju y F* Fu*yu $$15$$
NSb # N< tu* <wJb J Jv tu<w F F, o< CC^>uw C<w u t
J F <u@ J <F, o N u JFwu F* $
t Ju tuT N <tuT u a J <W N uy u N <] J

S N atu* u N J w u _>Jd Jwu F* $
u NJ bC N Ju f@ ba _ u t<, N< _bbb Iw Fu
w F, bu F <<w Ju <WR _ u u R F NS _Sw Fu w F $$19$$
w NS tu* Nb-<wuJ <wu F* $
tB, N Ju f@R _ u F a J y<w J _kCw Fuw
F, < J NuJ <~>Bu* u J N b Ju f@ u <`<b<` bdfC<] _kCw

1406

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

Fuw F $$20$$ N Ju f@R _ J Nb Fuu tu* ywgR N

J b J F* Fuw, < J <`<<w CT Ju tu* F* Fuw $$21$$
<W Ju _ u <w t <W_ J Nb Fuu J _SbhC<wR _ JF u Fuy ? $$23$$ b<WR <W-_ Ju Nbt` u
NSb d Ju <u@ u <W N<WRw w Jw F N bF t F $$24$$
"fu@' ou u tt JF y S, J <bbd Jwu F* $
<bT N oBu* J f@ Fuu u C NCw Fuw F, bF tSR u f-C
F F $ C J tb<@w <<wd Nt J Jw a<b<W u f<> u
t J s <] Fu w F $$25$$ F <W <w F* Fuw bF f C _b<bJ fCR
F F $ tR<t tu* >^>u u d ub J o bF C _by< uy<tu* tu* F* Fu
Jw, u*<J bF <W Jt, N N< u JC<Tw Fw F $$26$$ <W<b u <w
<b_kC bd u F* JF Jw, Jub Nu NCb u F Jw F $ <b
N N<w u <b<tCw bF N Fu w F ? N_wb N >b u uu* <b] Fuu Ju Jd
J t tu* J _S F F* Jwu, o JFwu F* $
<bt I J <W fu@ u <b Fu w F N CbdJw wt J o wg Fuw
FN Nwg- w F $$29$$ I J <W <Wt J F* JF w, <J*wC I J
<W [b JF w F $ u wt u FuJ tw# N NSw# N Fu w F, bu F fu@ u
I J <W tw# N NSw#N Fu w F $$30$$ <W J _bR b_wb tu* <J J
tu* F* F, J _bR <w<w F, o< J N< J
J F F $$31$$
b_wC J w[bI Nb_wCR Jvwat` J f@J Fuw F, o <] u [ba Ju
f@ J <w F* F, u JFwu F* $
yu Ju *y J o <bJvR <W N< Nb_wCw F F*, bu f t<SJR Nt
Ju <bbw F*, o< J NtI u <b Fu w F $$32$$
wf btCw Ju <W tu* bF stb_S tSR F ? o aJ F*, F

y - 45]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1407

W uwu F* $
aJ Nb_S tu* JC~> J wJ [bRw Ju w FN F <W wCb_S tu* <bFJ
ww wCww Fu w F $ <bF, t<@ N w[bsJ w J Nb_S t<SJ
F* Fw, <J*wC @ u <wf] N<bb u <w f<@wCb<W F F $ <buF Jbv tu*
N<bw wCwwNb_S F J tS W F, F w F $$33$$
wCww_bR f f wJ Iw F* Fuw, wf wJ <W, ywg N< <tbuT u _Sw
FuJ btJ Fuw F $ b_wb tu* <W N< JC~> q b_wC F* F $ o J Ju It` u
<W N< J ft`_bb u NbuT Cw F F, o N u JFwu F* $
Fu < t, u tuS u Jvw tF, b, b N< J <bu tu* tbu
Fu Ju Ju Jd F b_wb tu* JC~> F* F*, bu F t t <~>B <uJ| f tu*
tbu Fu Ju Ju Jd ywg F* F $ f F NuJ CbR t-<btu* Ju tF u
_ba t, btJ N JR Fuw FN o wF NuJR u <_Sw FN F $ b_wb tu*
q JC~> F* F $$34$$
bb y tw

*wb y
_b-_bR NtJ u d,
wu* uJu* J Jv Ju NZ f J <fvbkR u bd $

tF b<> u JF # Fu Zt, w[bI Ju < o <bT tu* N N N

v J J, Nb, F <fvbu<J asu u C< $$1$$ Zt, Fu*
u <b_ww <bt _> J fFCw fn <fvbk F, <J _bR Cyu* u d-d
F* FCN F $$2$$ bF <fvbk N bC Ju buy u <w F* Fuub F $$4$$
buw "ua F<d' o tu* JFu yu F J "Na' NS tu* Jwu F* $
Jnu* Ju<> s yCu F Jun uu* Ju <b_w u NSwg Naw uu* Ju
<b_w u F* Jub bF <fvbk o ywg Ju @d ba <t J N t
F $$5$$ B, bF u <fvbk F <J <Ju t tu* w f^> u u @d Jwu
F*, bwu* Ju u tw u* Ju Jdu* J a<w u @d Jw F* $$6$$ Fu |b, o
<fvbk u Fu u d Naw _bCw tJ J Juo T>g- ~>#
oBu* u u fuJwJ J Ca NSb <] T>g N<wJtd F* J Jw $$7$$ bu

1408

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

u d Fuu J u bF J <yw F* $ (wf bF Nu _S tu* F d Fu

w F ? o "F*' u JFwu F* $) B, b F Ju FC <fvbk Ju dw f@
F* FCw $$8$$ f, <bdC, oB, B N< Juo <ab uy o <fvbk J <W
Ju F* wu N oJu t (n) N >F Ju F wu F* $$9$$ <J NaJC N bs
F* u y F, <Ju ku* J NJ F* u y F, _w, t N u <Fw,
tFg NJbu wS Jt` <^>w <g|J Naw <b_ww _bb o k J <W,
<bJ, dt N< J F* <o nwu $$10,11$$ t_w ku* ba CTSu tu* Zu>,
tFg NJbu o k tu* yC F N yC> F F, Nw# Naw <b_ww F <<bJ ba
<a F F $$12$$ bF < Ju w u J o <~>B<Fw |w () F N Ntw J
b J Fu B<ff J o _bCb u Ntw J wF _b uu u F <fvb <<w
N_bR fF F F $$13$$ F <fvbk d Cu* J tu* J <<@ F, w
J uub F, bw Ju t u u Cw F, Ntw Ju yuu J Ja<w @d Jw F N
Nt Ju Jtku* J _S<w J tC Ju N u uJ <F^y Ju Nw ()
Jtku* J _S<w J w S F $$14$$ <F^y Ju N u fJ u Nt J
tJ<w F, bF o t Nw J t F w b_wC F; u, J N b_wC u
<w <`<b@ h~>uu* u _bb u J s FCo F $ b_wb tu* _b-_bR Nt F o
<fvbkRw Ju w FCN F, Nw# bF N<w F F $$15$$
Nb J (Nw J) F Ju Ju < tJ<w J _b_ J> Jwu F* $
(<J) t u t, tFg u tFg, C Fuu b<] N<-<bJu* Ju
Fuu u Naw f_bR wS Nu tu* N_w ut` J kRw tu* b<w Jt`
wtJ Ju w t<SJ _bJ <bu () b<c J y Jw FCo
_bttJ<w u "F uF< t* F' o J J Jv Ju (c) Nwg N Nw
J NJ N<bR t J () o wF Ju Na<bw w, Cb N< uu* Ju R u
_ba F J Jub b J F, b_wb tu* bt J Juo b_wC F F* F $
(Nw# F N<w (N) F F, F b F $) $$16,17$$
o <bT tu* "<bI| b' F ZC<w tdw g@w J Jw F $
() o <bT tu* "w_b_ N< w< t`tCb<w' F ZC<w td F $
(c) < uF F Nwg F, wu J <W Ju Fuw F ? o aJ "ot_t' F JF y
F $ ba ow tu* ow J N F uu<W J uJ F, F b F $
() "Nabwg' ou F u<ww <J y F <J _ba J ba Jt` wtJ
NttJ<w tu* < t N<b J F ab F* F, wu Cwa N<b Ju Ju J
(Sb J) ab F* F $
()

y - 45]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1409

bF NttJ<w _bu<w w, Cb N< uu* u NFw Ju N<t<J

ab w Jw F, F JFwu F* $
<>-t<>R u NFaJ J <W Fuu Ju Nw F bF NttJ<w NJ N
NJ Ju yCd R Nayu* u Cw t<>R u* Ju tdCNu* u aCw Fu w F $$18$$
Nu _bR Ju y Ju <f J Ju _bRu* J <w J u F o <<w J fFCw
fn NttJ<w F $ oJ t*u buw <w u bd <J F, u* aF Jwu F* $
Zt, Nu Fu Ju wtJ _bR a<bu Ju ( Ju) yw FCo F
<<w o J Jt# bF tu* tS _bRw Ju w J uw F $$19$$ Zt, bF
tS _bRw w Ju Ju Nw a _bRb <<w<w u Nu <<bJ R tu*
F o wF J yJ <> ko F $$20$$
u _S<w tu* NJ N< JC~> <<w<w_bR F F, ou ~>un JC~> F* F
u* <F, F JFwu F* $
F <<w<w tFg ba Nw NJR F, F J J sd, |n, <, t, bT,
Jv N<R J F $ F "<<w' o t u JF yo F N F _R<d <J F $$21$$
o J NtJ <bT F F, F JFwu F* $
F (N) (<<w<w_bR f) aJv J <b_w F, F < tu* < J
t F, F <<w<w y-uT J Nb_S F N F Fu N u fC<] F $$22$$ F
<<w<w bW bBq F, F "tW' NFaR F N F _ba "wW' R NSwg
fR FuJ _Sw F $ Fu Zt, F <<w<w_bR Nt Ju f^>u* J tF F
N _ba F wS u _Sw F $$23$$ F <<ww_bR Nt Nyu F, F uu*
Nu u*-fu*, ~>u, t N w F $ F fw ba bwt b_wCR F N F
<bwg F $$24$$ o f tu* JvR Jtu* Ju NZ Nw b w Nb_Sw F*,
F f^>-t^> J J <Td F N J Jn Ju t^> J t^> F $$25$$
F <<w<w Nw Nu* Ju F_u* u u* Nu v<bw d J -Jt N
uJR Jty\>u* J t J ~>W F $$26$$ o <<w<w Ju Ju> u* Nu w tFB
Ju ydu* u u F*, F f NJR d (ty) F N <bTu* tu* > _by_S u* Ju
N@#w tu* <<tW Fuu Ju Jd Ju b tub F F $$27$$ F o W
< tu* _Sw tubw F N ywg-R Jt J bF ~>W F, F _kCw Fu Fu BR t@C
Ju Ntw-tJ tu* ubwR t > F* $$28$$ uyCd Ju J y N Cy@ u Cw _byuJR ku* J ta F <<w<w F $$29$$ N F <<w<w w-ydR Juu* u
<<w<w Ju bd-ay tu* Ju <buTdu* tu* u <*yu (C<*y ba CaJay) F-wF
<J y F; J Nt, f N< <bu u* J NF J <W J u <F $
(N)

1410

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[<bd-Jd b@

tbw, f^>R tCB Ju w _Sw, N u* Nu N tb tu* utJ

Jt< NSb ub F F $$30$$ <tu* u* Nu Jt_bR F ty <bt F*; wayu* J o
a, t, MwC N< J <w <tu* F*; uR bu* Ju Ju tu* _Sw w-Nu*
u u Cw F; <du* Ju NC#td u <b_ww; sd, Jv N< vbu* u Cw; wuu* u
N<, , B N F*, bu f F <<w<w F $$33$$ Zt, N wJ b<dw
J <fvbk Ju _bJ J tJ<w F F NSwg bu f J NttJ<w _bR F
F* $ N u JFu yu Ju* u <> ba t<> Ju aJv-<bu Ju w F N
_S<w J F $$34$$ buBbu* u b<w, Nu _bR tu* _Sw, b<b@ nNu* u ,
wS JvNu* u <Fw F <<w<w b_wb tu* Su J Ju Ju Jd J<w
Fuw FCo tu* S J J<wCw- FuJ Nb_Sw F $$35$$
<fvb<J J t<w J Nf <<w J _bRw# bd J Fu tF b<> aF
Jwu F* $
b_wb tu* J_bR (N<w_bR) F <<w<w NI<u* JJ-
(<w-) Jvw J F F $ (Jb a <b-a J Fuu u) bF
JtJ F N <b<b@ F F, <J*wC bF (<<w<w) JbR F N Jb w_bR F
F $ NSb w ba <bw u <Fw F $ bF _bR FuJ Nb_Sw F, w-<bJvu* J
a<w Fu u u t, JR N btJ F $ Fu Zt, t*u Nu Nw tFg f
u <sw Fuub <<w<w J o J bd <J $$36$$

*wb y tw

<~>b y
<`J Ju t J Jv u <<`w,
Jt<b u u<w <y J o aR N u Cw f J bd $

ZtB N w <fvbu J w I <wu F* $

ZtB u JF # << w[b Ju ubu Fu ybg, N Nu (u <fvbu
JF F, tu*) <fvbk Ju R u tFw| J W J F bd <J F, u t* tHw
F $$1$$ tFTu, u JC~> <b_w Ju w u NFw N< S F*, bu f w_bR F*,
(Nw#) <b-Jb J JvR u w<J F* F $$2$$
Jub NFw N< F wtJ <fvbk J tR F* F*, <J*wC f^> N<
S wtJ <fvbk J tR () F*, u* <#aJu t<H, o N u

y - 46]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1411

tF b<> JFwu F* $
tF b<> u JF # Zt, < J f^>R u>u J t tubw
N< J _S<w F, J wtJ o <fvbk J t f^> N< ywg J _S<w
F F $$3$$
wtJ <fvbk J f^> N< ywg-_S<w t F, u JFu <JJu
F t Fu Jw F <J bF t w u tu* _Sw Nbbu* J t dt <buT F Fuy,
wu J <bd Jwu F* $
u <fvbk J n k J t J yC J N@ Fuw F, bu F
<>_bR wtJ o <fvbk J tR N@u u _S _b@ < Juo
q Fu wu t Ju N J dt_bR Fu Juy $ (awC _S<w b F* F; <J*wC
t N J N@ uu* J fR F F*) $ uu NSb Jubh~>u dt tu*yu wu J <W J F>o F* Jw $
N o <bb <t tu* Juo tC Nw#u F N dt F Fu Jw F $ Nw#
F t dt J bJ F* F, F b F $$4$$
wf t <J*J F <JJ bJ F ? o J W F F <J <bbw-_bR
tJ J F bF bJ F, o N u JFwu F* $
<t-f J wF <<w J ywg-tJ F tJ<w CTC<w Ju <bJ-<Fw aw
<<w tu* J <vJ Ju t u Jvw < Ju N -b J J o, <bbwR u F
_Sw F $$5$$
w >w J F <bbd Ju Ju < f< J <tJ f@wu F* $
B u fJ NJ tCbu Fu Zt, o ay tu* J C y, Nwb
NJ, td N N o N<J J (f<<J J), <J
N Nyu t* bd JRy, N (b@ FuJ) Zbd J< $$6$$ <W-ut J N_ Fuu u
_@ (<J), _baJ Fuu u _> wt C F FuwC Fuu u tC _b, Nt
Fuu Ju Jd tF<b_w u Cw, ww Fuu u <<fn, < ba NsC@ _bbb JF* ()
J tFw < F $$7$$ tF-< Ju w t#JvNu* u Nw bu Cb<R
Jt () bu wu _ yCSu yu Wu* u Cw F* NSwg _ f] F*, JC~> _ f@<Fw F* N
o f-< J N@ f u N<ww Juo JF F F* Jwu, Nw# o
uJ tu* "<wg' JF y F $ o <bT tu* F ZC<w <] F- " ybg J_tg <w<>w#
_bu t<F' (bF ybg JF <w<>w F* ?) (o W F) N t<Ft tu* $
() _wCw uJ tu* "<' ou Cb< F <bb<sw F, u*<J bu
aJu<bJ F* N bR tu* Ju NZ F*, F <F $
()

1412

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

JC~> _ J-u u swg a> (N<*<yw) F* $ bu JC~> yCw F* wu JC~> J> F* $$9$$
tu* JC~> u tCFbu F*, JC~> btCbu F* N JC~> w~>u tCFbu F* $ JC~> _ <tu
FC tu* u Cw F* wu JC~> _ yCSu tCFbu F* $$10$$
<o nubu Su u <bw t J Jv Fu Jw F, Nw# F JFwu F* $
JC~> Ju t wu Jtu* Ju ~>Wu* tu* (f Juu* tu*) F* wu JC~> uu F*, <Ju t Ju N
F f Ju F* $ CbR Jtu* Ju f <JF* Ju t F*, (u*<J _by N< Cbu*
J NZ _Sw @Cb-t^> F F,) wu <JF* Ju t u J Nu F* (u*<J w
uJ, uJ N< Cbu* J NZ f-_Sw Jt F F* $) (<buJ, <bdCuJ N< Ju
< Fuu u) JC~> t<Fw F* wu N JC~> u <w~>u tbu F* (u*<J Jo uu Cb
F*, <J @d <wy<w b F Jw F) $$11$$ N F* Jtu* Ju t Jnu*-Fu*
Jt-tCJC Ju t NJ<wbu tFJ a F* wS <bJ<w Jt J o NJ<wbu
fnu fnu JtF F* $$12$$ (c)
wS` Ju t yt-su` tu* u y < J yCb<> Ju Cw b u
_td J Fu ZtB < J F yCub ybg u ywg J Jv N< u- bd
<J F', u* twu FC JFwu F* $
ZtB u JF # yCub, Nu w < J u bd <J F, bF F $ (wS` Ju ay tu*) yttJ F Ju su` tu* Cw J J J tF< _Sw F, u <J
-b Ju w N >wJ J f@ Nu <w < F, u* NCtu J Fu
tF<T b<> JFwu F* $
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J N u _td J Fu F*, bF >J F F, N >wJ <t < _bb J F
<~>B <g|, t, d J d-<<w_bR -F, Ju <bT tu* u
Nu u F, J N _td Jwu F* $$14$$
t*u < < J >w < F, bF NJu u y Jw < F* F, <J*wC f
J F <R u Jv J Stu<> <fvbk J o, <J Nb < J >w <
F, o< tu* w J <bab Fuu u tu* <bab F* F, o N u JFwu F* $
B, F t*u F Juo Nb < F >wR u NJu ts _Sw J F, <J
tFJC<s Ju w F f a bFJ tu* <bt Fw F N f@J tu* N<bt
_wCw uJ tu* a u s`, yF, wJyd N< u<wt^> F <bb<sw F*,
u*<J tCB J o u NJ tu* bu a-tF J o wu F* $ o J J u
t^>J F <bb<sw F*, u*<J bu J@ J wF Nt tCBu* u <sw F*,
F u <F $
(c)

y - 46]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1413

Fw F $$15$$ Zt, Nu <<wR < J F t*u JS <J F, <Ju w u

f ywg <bt F* $ <JJ < Ju otu* <<fnw, JRw, Nuw N< yCd Fuu
Ju Jd F <<w J wF J < F F $$16$$ B, u NJ tu* <bC b Fw F, bu
F Naw |w Nayu*b N ~>_bRb Fuw FCo o <<wR < Ju N
tb F ywg-tF Fw F $$17$$ < tb <<wR < tu* _by, <Sb,
bC, NJ, bw, < N < <bt F*; wS< tu* w<J <~>B F* F $$18$$
< tu* ywg J F -bR u t*u us J F, F JFwu F* $
o <<wR < tu* |w Nbbu*b yBq Jt <bJ<w Fu F F $ bF u w' F u JF y F, J Nf w fwwu F* $
Zt, u S tu* <`J J t#Jv u a, Jt N< <` <<tw <Ju wu
F*, bu F Jt` t J Jv u o <<wR < tu*, w, bwt N <bwg-f a
<<`w <J y F $ Jw < tu* u a<J (Cw) N< b_wb-u ww Fuwu F*,
b_wb F* F*, <J*wC <R F F*; bu F <<w-< tu* w a_S b_wb-u ww
Fuu b_wb F* F*, <J*wC <<wR F F* $$20$$ w _Sw a, Jt N< NJu* u
Cw S NuJR u wt Fu F u |w J<^>Rw Ju _bJ Jw F,
uu F Jvw NJu* u Cw FuJ NuJ NJ<wu* Ju R tu* ww Fu F F <<w b_wb
tu* |w J<^>Rw Ju F _bJ Jw F $$21$$ < J Td-< Ju w
<v <<w Jt, <Ju u N< Fuu Nu h~> NJ u Cw
FuJ u <- w F, J <<w Ju _bR u N< Fuu F y (<>)
u N h~> NJb FuJ u <- w F, b_wb tu* < F* F $$22$$
u >J u (S J>u J ~>u u) ~>u Ju Ju b < Ju w J, N< J
a<w N<w Nb_S u Nb_Sw Fw F*, bu F t J Jv u b o <<w< Ju
w u ywgR a<w N<w (NJw) Nb_S u Nb_Sw F* $$23$$ u <
N <t Ju Fwu < Ju w Jvw -u J a<w ba <t Ju w _Sw wdwR
tJ<w (JC> J _k<w) _b<bJ Fuu u <w () Fuw F N bF N_w (>)
F Fuw F (u*<J Nu NZ < N< J f wJ _S<w Fuy wf wJ uu* J F
Fu Jw F N F Fu Jw F); bu F o <<w tu* F y <w Fuw F N
N_w F Fuw F $$24$$ < J h` <wbw Ju t tu* J < <w b Fw F,
NSb <fvbk Ju N t b Fw F bu F o <<w tu* Naw <bJu* u d f^>tF b Fw F $$25$$ B, f^> Ju <bJ N< wt`_bR F* - F JF NS
F, Nw# wSu<w S F F u*<J f <bJ f^> wt`_bR F wf f^> Ju <bJw

1414

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

Cb, N< J <t`_bRw wu NSw# F <] Fu w F, <k NS Fuu Ju Jd

b JF <k F F $ (Ju NS F ? o JFwu F* $) <J u <bJ N< wsd F
(f^>u* tu* wt`Rw J sJ Ju Ju sd tu* F) tu* <fC J o
wt`_bR Fu wu F*, NdCt` u SJg F* F wu, o< bF <w NS F
F, F b F $$26$$ N "<<w Ju Naw<w Fuu Ju Jd <bJ N< J F <> <<w
u <bJ N< tbJ F FCo F*' o< ( N) <wt` u u <] Fuy, bF <w Ju u
Fu uy (J<b-b<dw <b<` y@by N< J wF Jub <w u <] Fu u u
<bJ twwt`R F Fu u*yu, F w F $)$$27$$ u Cb N< <bJ <bJ<
NSu u fR F F* $ <bTu* J yFd N NyFd fR F F, u*<J f Nw
F $$28$$ <bJ N<R u f F Nb_Sw N f F Jt# <bJ N< Ju R tu*
<J y F $ o <<w-< Ju w u F <bJ< NS ww Fu F F, u N
tywd Ju F < u NBq F < $$29$$
k u uJ kw Nu Ju tu* f J NCb<W <o nu Ju Jd u k
N< fR F Fuwu F*, bu F yF <<wW J NCb<W <o nu Ju Jd f
<<w_bR F F*, F JFwu F* $
k u uJ k wJ Nu Ju tu* f NC_wR u Fw F, Nw# f Ju w k,
k N< f Ju ~>unJ JC~> F* F; u*<J NaJC N< b-b <bJu* tu* u
f<w <bt Fw F, bF Ju f W-J tu* J^>, , vb N< Ru* tu*
dw Fu w F $$30$$ <g| o Nt tu* u <g|b F, bF wu* ywg J f F;
(Jb-Jv Ju N@ F <b-Jv Fuu u NJvw <t` F w[b F - F JFwu
F* $) Nw# <g|R f N Ju J yw tu* Jb F Fu wu F* $$31$$ f N Ju J yw J <W <<w u N<ww J Jv
u F Fuw F $ <<w J bF R wu J n_bb Fu F* Jw N <<w F J N<wg
Fu Jw F $ Nw# <fvb Ju w t N< J o u f N J J-u u N<
(N<w) F F* $$32$$ u tF< Ju w <bt NuJ wF J u utJ F F,
b_wb tu* F*, bu F <g| <fvbk tu* t<R <`ywg Jvb u < F, b_wb
tu* u N F F $$33$$ < J u ba uNu* u ab<w J F _S< w
F, J N<w f F `u u ab<w <] ywg-R u w F $$34$$ u o
<JJ < Ju w b _Sw <v Ju b_bR Jt N< <w Fuwu F* N
N_w F Fuwu F*, bu F o <<w< tu* NFaJ N ywg J y<w <w Fuw F N
N_w F Fuw F $$35$$ < wF < Ju wJ u N< < Ju NUw u < F* F*,
Cb N< J <> tbJ F F, o <bT tu* F ZC<w tdR F-" <w
Fwg, Cbtw $ w o<w b <wubw Ny<t<w tC<b o<w <wg'$
(N)

y - 47]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1415

F* N Jw, u*<J u W J tw tu* (WtR tu*) wg ba Nwg J Nb_S<w
Fuw F, bF JF F CJ F $ (o Juo aJ Ju* <J <bTtw J F Ju Ju < N
W J tw tu* F Nb_S u* twu F*, u*<J Nbt`w N<WR w tu
<bu@ J F Fu Jw F ? wu o JFwu F* $) <J Nb J (Nwg J) <Rd
wgS Ju <f F* Fu Jw, o< wg-Nwg uu* J w[b _wCR b tu* F b<w
F, <J R tu* $ N b Ju Bq tu* b<w Ju N f F < $$32$$
N w[b J _bR, N<w Fuu Ju Jd, < ba N< _bb u NCw ywg Fu
F* Jw b_wCw# bF NC F F $ (o J w yBqw J NC<W Fuu
t^> Ju >w u F JRw <F, o N u JFwu F* $) u N t^> tu*
N t JR N R uwu F*, bu F w N ytJ t Ju JR N
R u< $$33$$ Zt, u ywg tu* wtJ w[b NC_w F, bu F t tu*
t^> NC_w F N u <<w-w[b tu* ywg F, bu F t^> tu* t
F, F N u< $ bF R F N NR JR F $$34$$
t JFu yu NS Ju RJ u JJd J <wu F u J < Jwu F* $
NuJ<b@ S-tR au* u d N f-<<w F yBq tu Ju N^>u J F $
tu* ub t_bR ytJ u b_wC F, u wu t < W_bR tSb_wC
f < $ bF u J Nb F JF F ? $$35$$

*wb y

Nnwb y
Jvw ywg tu* <J W_k<w N N <w<ffw Fuwu F*,
h| f J N@dR u bd $

t^>- Ju >w u <J Ju F t Fu <J <Ju y tu* yBq b<c

<wuw F, u <wg N N<wg u ab<w, fw u Cw NJw F tw[b f
F, u Juo q C]-w[b F* F-o< <<buT tR ywg Ju N<@>
J N@dR u Ju Ju < tF b<> JFwu F* $
tF b<> u JF # Zt, t^> Ju w t J o b tu* b<dw w
NFaw N< N f < N<R F f J ywg < C] S tu* wu* J tu*
NC_bR FuJ _Sw F $ (bF w[b tuu ->w Ju w J
<bT F, <J tf NJw, F N $) $$1$$ F tSw# JC~>
F* FN F, tu* tb f, Nw N< f ywg Fw F $ N o uF tu* bF w[b
Nayu* J R d FuJ _by N< bT<J Cu* Ju u (<W-b<Wu* Ju u u Fuu bu

y - 48]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1421

<b<` uyu* Ju NJ u), _k<>J, d N< tu* B<ff J o, <<w N Ju N_wb

J NCt J u <F $$2$$
w[b Ju Lb tu* b@dR u NCttd fwJ Nf <bu* J NCbR
td JFwu F* $
Nu Nt_bR t J N_b u Fu tC<, ubw, yd, <] N tF<T uy b
wC tu* _Sw F* $$3$$
wf uy u* J NCb F* Jwu ? wS d<u@ tu* w <o uwu F*, F JFwu F* $
<tuT<Fw bu uy, <Ju u`yuJ wS wgyw oB _S F*, ba <> Ju
f@yCw _-y Ju < ] F* $$4$$
F wu Ju < JF y F, u ~>> N< <tJNu* tu* F* FCu FC F* $ ~>> N wb*
<tJ tu* FCu FC uy uy wu bF Jwu FC b <tJNu* tu* w FC u<yu* Ju t
Nt-C J b F _b uwu F*, F JFwu F* $
bF tu* <w ~>> N< <tJNu* tu* _Sw u uy f <bTu* tu* w J b
w<J F* Jwu, b <tJNu* tu* _Sw u CT <bTuB-f@u* Ju yR t<@
tu* <w F*, <`<<w uF@u* J o <J d_ F* Fuw N <`<<w uF@u*
J o <J t y<w F* Fw; bu f Nu t tu* <tu* <J <W ba
u J N<w J y F-t R u _Sw F* $$5,6$$ u yb w b F Nu
_bR tu* _Sw Fuw FCN fF t ywg J b_S J Jw F; bu F
T>< <tJNu* tu* FCu FC uy w fJ N^>b<W-@R _ u Na
<w N J N_b_bR tCTS < J @wu F*, J fF
<W, u N< Ju _ u bF-t Ju wu F F* $$7$$ uyu* Ju bF tu* f
<bTu* tu* fC<]b<Wu* J ayt Fuu <`C> tu* N<w FCN <<w NR Nt
J N FCw F, < J B<Jdu* bsu* Ju vbu* Ju w |CJ N
FCw F* $ ou I J t_w bF CR F F, F b <F $$8$$
tFtNu* J w _bRC wu Cwa <bsu<Fw F, o <bT tu* >w
fwwu F* $
BR <ff u wJ k FCo wS b tu* N<ww, C] NJ u tu* Fub Bt
J u_ J u R F, bF tt Ju <bsu<Fw N J R F, Cw uy tFt
R J NCb Jwu F* $$9$$ Nt J bF C] <Bq wu <> J <bT F N u Ju F
u F, wu Nw t F N bw F F; <J*wC Jub u<yu* Ju NCb u F y F $$10$$

1422

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

bF R uF N< t_w <@u* u <b<tCw Ntw[b F, F JFwu F* $

C] <t J NCby bF R uF_bR F, oB ba dR F, <W_bR
F bR F, bR F, __bR F, IR F N yB F F $$11$$
bF R Bq F, NBq F N wg ba Nwg Ju tbw Nu
N<R F* F, <J*wC f_bR F F, u < JC~> F* F $$12$$ Cw uF N<
t_w Su u f <b<tCw F N Nw w ba b uF-Juu* u Cw W tu* <Ju
Fu F ywg N<bb, <wub N<R u _w Fuw F, bF t`_bR
Nt (f) F F, F*, F a<bw F $$13$$
o J J-Jd u <bsd J ab J <F, F JFwu F* $
bF f tFJv Ju N<J tu* <bt NJw tJ JdR F N Jw<
_bR F F $ <>J tu* oFuJ NSb uJ tu* bC, N N Fuwu F*, <J*wC fF ba w w o
Nt_bR NJ J ^> F* Fuw $$15$$
wf uF N< f u SJg F* ? o "F*' u JFwu F* $
NtI<u* tu* Zu> Zt, bF uF< d ywg NtR F F, bF Jt` fu@ J
<bRw u ttJ I u F <J*<wg SJg- _Sw w F, F N < $$16$$
ZtB, u* Nu u Zbd, t N< u* u Jw fC<] u Nu F <bb
Nt_bR F, F < F $$17$$
o< bF Jwu FC N <<bJ Nt Ju u (sJ u) <tCw_bR
Fuwu FC _Sw Fu o, F JFwu F* $
Nwb Nu Ju u bFu* tu* <w Fuwu FC N aw b
ttw Fu o $ _Sb ba ayt _bR u JC~> F ywg w F, bF f @t,
yCd<Fw, <t_bR, <<bJ, N< ba Naw u <Fw, b aw wS t_bb fR
F F, F < $$18,19$$ Zt, "J, <J, Jd, Jw, Jd, J, t, _S<w,
, _td N< f ywg f F F' o J Nt<> u u Fu NJ <k
a tu* td Fu Jw F ? NSwg F* Fu Jw; u*<J N b_wCw# tay (t f) F
F* F N<bTt f-_bR w J CJu F* $$20$$
Nnwb y tw

y - 49]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1423

b y
<bJu* u <bbw tu* <bsdw, fu@ Ju Nb u N<b J _S<w N
fu@ Fu u N<b J Nb-oJ bd $

<bJ N J u _bRw# <bbw tu* u J wu F* $

ZtB u JF # fg, < <<w b<] u Cw <`<b@ h~>uu* u
f tu* < <bJ N N F* F* wu b N Nb _bR o a J Ju
Fuw F ? $$1$$
Jd tu* J J <W J J Fuw F, 1-F tu* bb_S <wu<Fw F* Fuw,
2- tu* bb_S <wf] Fu w F, 3-w tu* bb_S <~> w F, 4- S tu*
bb_S <~> F* w N 5-b tu* bb_S Fu w F $ otu* St-<t\> N<
tu* |nu N< J <W, <w- tu* <Ftu<W, ww-C tu* u<W, wCS- tu*
wayu<W N at - @ tu* F J <W tH <F $ otu* Jub Nwt F
t<b<bJ N dt _bR F, Nb<> wu <bbw Ju F u F*; o N u
tF b<> Fu-F <bJ J sd fwwu F* $
tF b<> u JF # ww, @ N< tu* F N<R u J C# @ N<R N
bb_S u <Fw wS @ N< Ju _bR u <bw Fwu F*, bu F <bJ, a_J N dt
N< u* u JFu wu F* $$2$$ F f u u @ C# N uRw tu* (@R bb_S tu*)
F* Nw $ f tu* wu yBq J <b@t Fuu u <bJ< bh F* F*, F JFwu F* $
N<, t N Naw <J tu* f wu <<bJ fR F Nbyw Fuw F $$3$$ ou @
N< Ju t f tu* <bJw F* F $ (u tdCNu* u dCJ N< Nb<bu* J N
Fuw F, bu F F t < wu o JFwu F* $) N< N Naw Ju <by u <Fw
f tu* F Nbb J N-Jt F* Fu Jw $ N< ba Naw R uJw h~>u wS
<J, auy, <by N< u Cw Nbbu* tu* F Nb<bu* J N-Jt () Fuw F, <J
u <bsd f tu* F b F $$4$$
wu uTwg F <] FN <J ywg f J <bbw F F, F Ju sd u <wu F* $
() ou bu<TJ-tw tu* _bJw NJb J sd <w <J y F $ bu J o

J sd JFwu F- NuJ aCwu tbuwu* J Nu tu* Nu NZ tu* tbuw (tbf@

u <bt) Su tu* tbf@ u <J J J Ju <w J Fu F NJb F $ u
>tJ J J wawC NJ F $ bF aCwBw wwC Nu tu* tb f@ u >tJ
J J J F $ wawC J R >yw R J NJ F $ wawCRZ wawC tu* tbuw > tu*
tbf@ u >ywR Ju <w wawC J R J F $ o N Ju uJ tF<T Jd u F
` F-"B<d Bwtwu yCd yCdwtg' (Nbbw B Nb<bw Bu* Ju
NJ F* N Nbbyw yCd Nb<byw yCdwu* Ju NJ F*)$

1424

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

ZtB, t_bR f J N< N Naw tu* u sd Ju < <bJ (NSb)

<o nw F, u N a<bwg J at (<bbw) F <, u*<J N<bJ f tu* Juo
<bJ F* Fu Jw (<JT F <J <J N< N Naw Nu* tu* JR u Fubu
f tu* J _ Jub <bTtw J <w F <bbw F) $$5$$
f tu* bT-a_ J Nb <wu F* $
f tu* wu abu (<bT) <bt Fw F N a<b<W F <bt Fw F f
tu* - J w<J f@ F* F $ f@<Fw Fuu "<#f@', "<t'
N< u* J o bF "f' u JF y F $$6$$
t tu* f J <bJ u _ F* Fuw, F Ju tt nw F ? u < Juo aJ Ju
wu bF >J F* F, u*<J N< N Naw tu* <bJ _ Ju J u _bb <w F, bF
t tu* <bJ Ju Na_ tu* FuwC F, F JFwu F* $
N< N Naw tu* < _bR J b_wC <bt Fw F, _bR J bF JF w
F $ < t tu* J NRw <o nw F, wu bF Jub NI Ju Jd F <o
uw F $$7$$
_bJ_bb Fuu u Nt tu* wu tw bCb <] F, Nw# tu* NtRw J
w<J ab F* F, F JFwu F* $
Nt wu N<, Nw N t tu* b` JR F $ _b_bR Ntw[b J <bTtb
Ju w F* Fuw $$8$$ R, J wS <_bR Fuu Ju Jd F f tt b<bJu*
Ju b tu* J F* w $$9$$
<JJ f tu* u <b] _bbb N u ZtB aJ Jwu F* $
ZtB u JF # Fu fg, <aw JR wS Naw <t_bR tJ f tu*
<<w-tR N u F* JFwu, <J*wC NI<u* Ju I fu
Ju < Jub Jv u b JFwu F*, o N W uwu F* $
tF b<> u JF # ZtB, <bJ<Fw, N< N Naw u F d fw[b
Fu S, o t F N Nyu J Fuy $ N N u Fu F*, bu) fJu f N< N Naw u Jub ft` F*, N<b
wu w<J F* F $$13$$ tC< uy "N<b' o t Ju F tt` N NBq JFwu F* $

y - 49]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1425

ZtB, u <bt F F* F, bF <J wF Fu Jw F ? $$14$$

f N<b J N_wb F F* F w wu Nu t-Jd tu* "S <w<bua
wSuSa <bwu' - u* N<b J N_wb _bJ J JF F $ o J ZtB
NaJ Jwu F* $
ZtB u JF # Fu u, J Ju t-Jd tu* wu Nu JF S <J tC Ju
<w Fuw F,b F F N u JF # Fu |F, owu J wJ N NI FuJ _Sw Su $ Nf wu
Jvw o N C<wu* u F N fC] Fu CJu F* $$16$$ ZtB, buR bd J
F_ ubu* tu* bZu> <bu* u "F N<b F N F b F' o< J-Jt J u
Jv J F, bF NI u* Ju fu@ uu Ju < F F $$17$$ f wJ t fC] F* Fu
w wf wJ N<b N< bFu* J Jv Ju <f Jnu* NJuu* u bF fu@
Ju w F* Fuw $$18$$ Jub Jt` C<w u F fu@ JJ o b Ju Nt tu* <Cw
J Jwu F*, u*<J u J C<w u C<w Fuw F, bF Jnu* N u* u F*
Fuw $ b F F <J CTu* tu* Nab N f F' u* u <bg u uw F tu* bF N <t`
tHJ J >a>u bs Ju ts #<bu Jw F $$20$$ t C<w u fu<@w Fuw F N
I w[b u $ C<w u fu@ Ju <f t I Ju w F* Fuw $$21$$ ZtB,
owu J wJ NfC] Fu NJu t*u C<wu* u fu@ tu* F < F $ fC] F N Nf
< J Ju u u fu<@w <Ju u*yu, u N C< $$22$$
bF JFwu F* $
t* f Fq, wu* ywg f F, N f F* N F <Sb f F F; f u SJg Juo
q Jv F F* F $ o< N Fu* b F J< $ ("Suh~><' ou F <w
Fuw F <J uh~>J bF u b_w<bJ fRw tu* Juo F< F* Fw) $$23$$ t_w
<wu* Ju f@ J ttw, <JJ I J N<bT tF<<w Ju _bRw F u wu*
ywg F* $ ZtB, Nu Ju w o ywg N tFa<bwg tu* J ww u Cw
FuJ aJ Ju J J Fu N u <w F* Fu Jwu $ o <bT tu* F
ZC<w td F-"w` Ju tuF# J# uJ JbtCw#'$$24$$ Fu Z|b, _Sw Fu Fu,
Fu, b u Fu wS J Fu N Nu tu* "b w J _bR F tt

1426

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

JSa<w t Jw F, o N u Sab w J aF Jwu F* $) o <w
Ju NC oBu* u <bTu* J I Fuw F $$35$$
ayb <w<ffu* J _bR u J oh~>bu ZtB ~>wu F* $
ZtB u JF # fg, tb<W d, t<d, , N ` |> J> tu* |>, tC,
N< Ju u <w<ff <o nwu F*, J _bR F ? F N tCHu J<F $$36$$
w-<w<ffw <>-t<> R bu* J <wt` u <] FN <ff<ww _bR
<ff Ju Fuu f Ft F* JF Jwu, wf Nw n_bR tC ba d J |>
ba <Wb<Wu* J _us <w<ff_bR Ft JF F* Jwu-otu* wu JF F ?
o N u tF b<> W uwu F* $
tF b<> u JF # w[bI<u* tu* Zu> Zt, < J <<w Ju <w<ff_bR
t<>->tJ bu* J _bR <ffw <wg Ju Fuu wt J <w F,
J Nw n_bR tC ba d J |> ba <Wb<W J _us <w<ff
wt J <w F F, F N < $$37$$
Jub <w<ff F <w F* F, <J*wC ywg <w F, F JFwu F* $
Zt, F ywg <wt` F F, o< NJu o ywg tu* <bb F* J
<F $ F NFaJ N< a J wF u way _S F, Nw# <<w- u SJg J W
J F* Fu Jw; Wbg wu b <<w F F $$38$$$ t<<wR tCB tu* wu u,
J, <J N< Jt` wBq Fuu u SJg F* F F* $ Nt f yF ftu* Fub
F $$39$$ ZtB, <bTw fC<] u , t, tu* <tw C-# J
NCb Jub fC<] u <Fw, t_w aR uytJ t u b<w wS f_bb tw
tu* t<w FuJ Nu _bR tu* _Sw <F $$40$$

b y tw

obb y
NIb F b, oB, t, uF C>J N< t Fuwu F*,
w[bI Fuu wu Jt` f F F w F-F bd $

"b tu* Nwg NFaJ, uF, oB N< J Jv, u bt<>R <F^y J F,

bu F <>R NJ F' u "JutCwa wtg' o u JF # Zt, Jtt <F^y J o <> Ju Fu "Nwtg'
o uJ u JFu yu f_bb tu* _Sw NJu sC N< F* F Su, F f tuu
JS J w Nu F < F $$1$$

1434

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

o J C>J J Jv Ju Nw bF u NSu J Jv u t<> J

F, bu F <>u* J F, F JFwu F* $
< J <F^ytJ t<>C>J J y Ju N< tu* bF u NS-I <w
Fuw F, J <>C>Ju* J NSI b <w Fuw F $$2$$
yb_S u uJ J < Jwu F* $
ZtB, u <>-b ~>>u tFu tu* y tu* F sC N< oBu* Ju b u
C>J_bR Fu w F, bF w u uJ < bFw b_wC J < J b Jw F;
J u N b u wJ F uu yw F, F N < $$3$$ ba, <F^y
Ju tu tu* J < abu (w) < J oB N oBu* J <bT_bR Fu
w F, J <>bR NJ abu Fu w F, F t*u JF - F kw#
<Jw F, F N < $$4$$ ZtB, <> ba t<> Ju R tu* N F a<bwg <> Ju
Fu JR N C] F S $ ww <>J tu* bF a<bwg u F NFt<t Na
bC>Ju* u tbw Fu ; wS< J abu_bR wu <JaJ F Fw F $$5$$
<bTu* Ju uTu* u abu J bF _bR Ja<Jw u* F* Fuw ? o aJ tSw#
buS J N_wb F Fuu u bF Ja<Jw F* Fuw, F JFwu F* $
N<w, Nt N Nbu Fuu u <<bJ o <<w tu* qu <J S J (N_wb)
F F F*; u*<J bu qu S uJw, JJw N b_wCJw h~>uu* ba _Sw u
Cw F* $$6$$
< aJ Fu <J "<<w F t N<R Fu w F' u f N JF CJu F* wf t N< J
Nw tu* <<w F N u* F* Fu w ? wu o JFwu F* $
Zt, "<<w t N<R Fu w F' o JF y F bF Jub <w,
t N< b_wC<bTJ fC<]b<W Ju Nu u F JF y F; o< <<w tSw#
tuRw Ju w J F* Fuw $ o wF bF wu bRw Ju w Fuw F N
C>JRw u F Cw Fuw F $$7$$
wf w[bI u N<bw_bR Fuu u Fu abu_bR Nwg u* F* Fuw ? o
JFwu F* $
ZtB, w[bItJ 
N_wb F* w; "F F F*' u NI<u* u w<Jw Fuw F, bF F <bt F;
bF "tt' o t u JF y F N bF t Ju S oBu* J N<bT F $$8$$
< bF tt N<w F F wu "w_twg b b Ntu Cbhw' ( tt u
bt <Jwu F*) o ZC<w u "N<-<b_kC<*y' C b<W Ju JF yo ?
o aJ <u* Ju tHu Ju < Jv u b JF y F, F JFwu F* $
" tt u w_bR b Fuw F' o< ttJ Jv Jt` <u*

y - 51]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1435

Ju tHu Ju < F JF yo F $$9$$

Nwb N N<bR uy Ju t Ju <bT tu* <w Ju* J n uu tu*
yu*, <J*wC J tC<w <<J J F <w Ju*; u*<J t J <w N< <<J Ju
b_wb F* F F*, F JFwu F* $
 Fw F, F tdC tu* Ctu bw J o NJ _SR Fu w
F $$10,11$$ Zt, < Fuubu bFu* Ju < <JZ Fuu Ju Jd bFJ
w S F J o _Sw F*, <t _bR f tu* ywg tu*
<bTu* Ju ~>unJ N btCw FuJ _Sw <F $$12$$
Nf N F Fu
w F; o< NJ o J (tywd Ju ) u
Nb_wCw S F*, <wb uu yu bu <J wF u Jwu F* ? b_wb tu* wu >ww
tywd N<] F, F b F $$14$$ Nwg S F wg <w Fuw F $ J w
NBq N Fu w F $$15$$ Zt, Nt Ju <@ u Nw NBq
NJ N<R Jv J yo F, F JR tu* _Sw, Nwb tR JaJ u bu<>w wS b Ju f
<bTu* J Ju Ju < CJ F <<w <J b Jw F, <w J
b F NCb J uw F $$18$$ ` tu* fJ Jvw s J o, <k bF Fu
N F Fu, F b<<w "awt`Nu* Ju aJdR J Jv F F' u* ab
Jw F $$19$$ N uFR Nt tu* J Cw >w J o
oB u* Ju J uw F $$20$$ oF* awt`Nu* u fF-_Sw atFwu*
Ju, u tSw# u qu F* F* <<wR F F*, oBR u* u J bF N uw F, < J Jnu* Nu* Ju NaJC $$21$$ ww F b, N< f S F*' u* < Fu CJ F, <J
b J uw F, u b F R u J uw F $$22$$
bF <bT ba oB Ju <JT u N<w _btC J F <bTC Ju R u bF

1436

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

NFaJ u <tCw fC<]tg J fC<] wu <ww Fuu tFwJu* u <w F* Fuw $$15$$
N< uCw C] tu* "ut< < t_wS t#' o u
J<wg N@t J <w Fu Jw F; awC uy tu* - u <J <<] N N<<] tu* tb
F F F-_Sw F uy J wu k tu* N<w Fu u <w F F* F $ o<
uy_S<w J ybg u uwu F* $
Fu @a, fb FuJ, ay J yJ wCt Jtu Ju Ju, u*<J N<w<Fw
FuJ Sw Jt Jub Ju ku* u <f] F* Fuw $$16$$
NSb fdfC<] u, <J sd Nyu J <J uy, <w FN bF
Jt wCFu a-f@ Ju < F* Fuy; F JFwu F* $
aw f FuJ Jt Ju ft J u $ Nu Jtu Ju fd J uu wCt |
f F Fu Nuyu $$17$$
<<buT fw[b Ju I u NSb J Nt tu* (<<buT f Ju w[bI tu* tS
Fuu ) yCd ob Ju <w Jt-tdfC<] u Jt Ju $ u Jtf@ F* Fuy,
F JFwu F* $
S, C NC R Nu f NSu Ju ob tu* t<w J wS N Nt Ju
ob tu* t<w J <t (aJ C, #, y, uT, N<R <@u* u <Fw) Fuwu
F ba bwu* J Nt fJ o w Ju <b<Tw Jwu F wCt ob Fu Nu $$18$$
NSb, baJvyR a uy tu* Nt Ju y uu u wCFu* Jtf@ J <w
F* Fuy, F JFwu F* $
NC, wCt aJvu* J y J CJu, o< Nf t_bR, w<W tC< fJ
JtkyR auy tu* Nt Ju Cw JJu Jt J Fu wCt tCw t<w Fu Nu $$19$$
o wF u w J CJu NC, wwg-wwg sdu* u ay N y N<J <by
u Ju oh~C>J FuJ ~>wu F* $
NC u JF # ybg, ay-y J, fd J, obdR J, bSa J
wS I N uy J <by J F ? Fu u, tuu tFtuF J <b<W Ju < F f Jt#
J<F $$20,21$$
w[bI Ju <f NwJ ayy F* Fu Jw, o< ybg Z JdB
sd Fu ftw[b J F R ub u <bC] <t`w[b F, bF f
JF y F $$22$$ fJ u d <W J b<W Ju, u <J NI J <b<WR k u
<Fw F, bfC<]bu* u I JF F $ N NI<b<W <Fw fJ Ju NCJ

y - 53]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1449

bF t`_bR <Wb<W Ju wu uy JF F $ (N<t Ju <bT ywg N N<t Jubu

NFaJ J f tu* f@ F tC fd F, F JFwu F*) wS "d a f F F', N "t*
fR Fq' - o J Ju f@ Ju fd JF F $$23$$
f tu* ywg N NFaJ - o uu* Ju f@ J <W Ju < tu* N_ww JFu Ju
< f_bR JFwu F* $
bF f w F, fF F N J t S Ju u Jw F $
bF w_bR F, NJ-Ju Ju t Nw _bh~> F $ bF _bR F* F $ (d
u* J <Tu@ Fu u _bR Fuu Ju Jd B> J <Tu@ u* F* Fuy ? u
NaJ J JFwu F* $) N F B> u Ny $ B> tu* w J <Tu@ t Fu Jw, f
B> Ju N<ww Juo B> Fuw, bF wu F F*, F b F $$24$$ wb f u JC~>
u R u <w u JC~> Sun- tCS F, bF F ywg J <w F $ N bF y@by
Ju NJ J o _bR F F $$25$$
a-bd J <W Ju < f tu* yu Ju t F f Ju Naw uJ b tu*
NFab t Cw F $ o< o <bT tu* NyF J >J F* w, F JFwu F* $
" t'* o J J Juo J N_bR f u b_wb tu* < F F F*, Jub
NI u u <- _Sw nw F; u*<J SJgb J t F h~>u, N bF f
tu* F F* $ N "NBq' t* F* F,' u* f Juo w F $ u _S<w tu* Nbyw Fuu u SJgb
J <W N SJgb Fuu u Nbyw J <W-o uu* tu* <J J Ju y tu* <W<Fw
SJgb J F Nb y J u <F, F b F $$27$$
NFw Ju <bT tu* JF y |>< <bTu* tu* Fuubu ttwb tu* y <F,
F <wu FC wtw NFw Ju y Ju F Jwu F* $
u NFab Jgw u SJg F* F, bu F Jg uw u |><<bTu* tu* Fuub
ttwbR f SJg F* F $ u _S<w tu* uu* J Ju b, y Ju t, d
fR F F*; o< NFw Ju <w NyF F ? NFw J NyF Cw F* F $$28$$
f wwg-wwg <bTu* J <b<`w u <`-<b<` FuJ NFa wS ttw< _bR d <bJvuu*
J _kCd Fuw F, wf J W J _k<w tu* <tW, wu* Nb_SNu* tu* NCyw, Jt`
a<b_bb ba f <bJvu* Ju Nyt N N tu* s FuJ _Sw Fubu yt tu*
Jb J _kCd Fuw F F $ u Nb_S tu* tu* NyF J Cw F, <k bF u* F*
<J w ? $$29$$ w <w u <bJ N N Ju <by J I w J CJu
CT J fC<] tu* NFa N ttw Ju NyF J u s Fuw F, u f ku* tu* N_FR
y NSw# <] Fu w F $ u F I<u* u "a' JF F $$30$$

1450

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

N u f aJvu* J yR Nay <] Fuw F F St J W Fu CJ,

F JFwu F* $
aJvtFu* J u y F, bF Nay (N<w J Nb) JF y F $ (Su J
W uwu F*) aJv-<bJvtFu* tu* ub<Fw u obt` J J b F -
Ju Jd bwt ob F wF Ju tu* bW Jwu F*, F f bF Ju
<b F*, o wF J u ob tu* wtw J b F-F (tu* bFu* Ju t<w
J u F) obd JF y F $$31$$ o <t tu* NI Ju Jd o b, ywg N<
J t u F u F, tSw# F tRtJ d ywg fu@tJ F, Nw# ywg J ft
F F, otu* w<J a F* F $$32$$
u F Ju Ju < ybg N btJ <b<w J bd Jwu F* $
< t* F, ywg t* F, Jtu J NZ t* F N Jt t* F F $ J t* F, Nw N
w t* F wS Nw N wR Nu N N u R N u < ywg t* F
F $$33$$ u* u Ru*bu tCHtu* N<@J Ju ww u N t yJ _Sw Fu, w
_bRbu tCHtu* bu F w FuNu Zbd, Jw N< b J J <w u Cw
FuNu, II u JtI u w_bR tuu FuNu, w_bR tCHu t_J
Ju N tu d tu* Fu $ JFu yu uu* Ju* u tCHtu* <W yJ swg
_btw tCHJu F w Juyu $$34$$
u* ybg u JFu yu NC # uu* Ru* J, J <w Ju wu F* $
NC u JF # Fu ubu, NJu bu N N u R Ju F* ? N N <<] Ju < <J
t <J R J NZ J t* _Sw Fq ? $$35$$ Zybg u JF # Fu NC, F
u <J tuu u R F* - J wu t R b@d (Cfu@) N q t
J> NC] <Wbu* u <@y $ FS N< u Cw, a, J, y N @d
Jub tu tR F N u tu <bJb<w, N<w, N< N Nw u <Fw tR
F; bF f, Nt, tt N< u* u JF w F $$36,37$$ S, f wJ wCt NfC]
FuJ NtIR u _Sw Fu wf wJ wu wCCJ ub J tu* F w Fu $$38$$
ww wCt <WC<]Jt u afC] FuJ t J>, N< N Nw u <Fw tuu R Ju
Nuyu, <Ju I u d o a tu* <k F* Fuw $$39$$ Fu Nt, F
yCd ub J t*u wCtu <WC<] Ju Nb J ab JJu F JF F $ < wCF <W
<bIJ_bb f Ju I Ju Ju u Fu y F Nu <W Ju <bC] FN twu Fu, wf
wu tCH ob J Nt Ju (t<SJ_bRw u<@w wS Ju) N N Nt Ju
(u<@w ba SR Nt Ju) JJ N^> dt J wJ NZ Ju NSwg
oJ sJ JJu w<> Fu Nu $$40$$

y - 53]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1451

"t* <_bR Fq' "t* yBq Fq' o< <b<wu* Ju u J - Su Ju

N<@>w _b-_bR Ju au@ tu* F w F, F JFwu F* $
S, "F t* Fq' N "F t* Fq' o t* JFw Fq, bF f o Nus Ntw[b
J F t* wCFu* u uw Fq $$41$$
tuu u Ju I u wJ F Nu _bR tu* wCFu* <bZ<w w Fu uy, u* Fb<]
Ju < <]bwg tJ JFwu F* $
Fu NC, t* tHw Fq <J tuu u u wCt J fC] Fu CJu Fu, f tu* <bZ<w
CJu Fu N b-aJvu* u tCw Fu CJu Fu $ Nf wCt ba N<w Nt_bR FuJ
_Sw Fu $$42$$ S, uy u Cw Nw#Jdbu N <J Ju uyU u b` t`
J sJ Jubu fI FuJ wCt d wu* tu* N<@>R u NCyw Nt Ju wS
Nt tu* N_w d wu* Ju uu $$43$$ u fI "f bF f F F' u* u J
NZ J d wu* tu* _Sw Nt Ju w F, bF f J u t<@b<W
bFb<W u _Sw Fw FN C# o a tu* F* Fuw $$44$$
_ba F "bw_Stttg o uJ Ju w J bd Jwu F* $
Fu NC, b J NS F Jb N bF JS Nt J (_bb F) $ bF Nt
" wg F N Nwg F' u* < <JJu f NCw Fuw F wf | F u Jbv w Fu
w F $ w F F <J f f wu* tu* N<@>R u _Sw Nt Ju uw F wf bF
b Ju NS-N<@>>_bR u N<ww quJ Fuu u Jb F Fuw F $ bF J
S yt Ju _bb tu* b<w Fuw F $ bF Nt wg F w twwu* Ju
_bbb F N Nwg F Nb<> u twu* Ju _bbb F, <J*wC ta
<uJ _bb F F $ J Ju _bb u Cw Nt <Ju NCbS tu* Nw F, u
wsd F J J Iu<W Ju Nb<Fw Wsd tu* F t N< <bJu* u <Fw,
ta_bR Jbv w Fu w F $$45$$
<J Ju NCw Fuu u Nt tu* w Fo Naw usw J <bd Jwu F* $
wu* uJu* Ju <Wu* tu* w J Jub u NuJ F N I<u* J NC<w tu*
sR u u NR F, bF NFa J Nt F - F < F SS <b
F $$46$$ Fu w, wu* uJu* tu* _Sw u* Ju w u Cb <bt F, y Ju
<bJ_bR q@ N< Ju w u Cb _Sw F, bd N< Ju w u Cb _Sw
F wS o, t@C N< Ju w u Cb _Sw F; bF oaS F Nt F F
< F $ w F <J u* u fJu NCbu* J <bT Fuw F, tu* wu Naw usw J
<w F F* F $$47$$ d u* Ju w <bT tFu* u <tCw, Nwb tR u
u NCb _Sw F, bF F b Nt F $$48$$ < J d q@u* Ju w |
_Sw F F, J d Su Ju w N<@>R u N d uFu* Ju w

1452

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

JJR u bF tt _Sw F $$49$$

>wu* Nt J uF Ju N _S<w J wu*
 u* Ju fF N w NJ _Sw F, wF wu* ywg tu* _Sw
u* Ju fF N w t* _Sw Fq $ w F F <J |>u* Ju fF N w _Sw Fuw
FN NJ u NuJ (<u) F F, bu F u* Ju fF N w _Sw FN Nt
NuJ F F $$51$$
t_w uFu* Ju w _Sw FuJ NwtR u J <b@J Fuu bF (Nt)
N F F, otu* >w fwwu F* $
Jnu* tu<wu* Ju tFu* Ju <~>Bu* tu* _Sw uw-NJb wwC u <sw F* Fuw, bu
F u* uFu* Ju w _Sw F Nt <sw F* Fuw $$52$$
bF N<@>R u <<bJ Nt J u _S<w F, bF fRw F N bF <`Jf<@w
F $ N u tu<wu* tu* wwC J o NwtR u _S<w F wS u u* tu* J o
J> bR u _S<w F, N_w Su J Nus Jub bu uu* _S<w y<wJ bFu*
Ju a Ju < F Jvw F* $ o< SS tu* Juo tu u F, tub F,
tdCw (<F*Cw) F N Juo _bt u N<ww J (<F*Cw J)
kw F F; o N u JFwu F* $
f u uJ wdw <w S-tF F, tu* WtR u u _Sw F;
<bg uy u F < Nt wu F* $$53$$ o< NuJ<b@ tuJ NI u Jt#
NFw N< wS yW N F* $$55$$
N_w F b@< uTu* u Nt <w F* Fuw, otu* q >w fwwu F* $
<w<ffu* Ju > Fu Fu Su tu* d- <w<ffu* Ju > Fuu d
J o <s_bR u _Sw N<Ju* tu* bW
d_bR J Ju Ju < d-Nd-<byu<w J o F F, F JFwu F* $
Fu ^C>a, "t_w u* tu* Jt uwa F t* Fq' N "uF, oB N< n Na

y - 54]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1453

t* F* Fq' - o J J NS<by N <by u tCHu JF w F, bF d_bR J

[<bd-Jd b@

~>b y
yb NC Ju btCw<w>, <<w J Nf<@w
W N t Ju ywg_bR <` J <b_w u $

yb ZJd u JF # Fu NC, o J b<b<WR btCwb_bR u wCt

w ww (<w) wJ f@Cb@Cw C# J <#uTR u y J u $ Fu
NC, N td J aJ u <tCw, NJ J o 
ba N<> <bTu* Ju aJvu* u <Fw FuJ wCt bwy Fu Nu $ Fu NC, <> bF u N F, NbJwR b w F C]-Jt N N u
NbJ y, N< Jt wCt Ju $ u w[bI J JC~> s<w F* Fuy, F b
F $ <> bF- u N F _b@tR Jt u <J w F, bF wu btCwu*
J _bb F F N bF btCww F, Jub uF-u> J y J btCww F*
F $ "F Jt t* ~>unw F' N "o Jt J t* NayJ Jw F' o J J u <d F,
bF wu Jt` NI<u* Ju t J _bR F N I<u* J wu J- _S<w Fw F $
bF<ww Jt J Fu, wt wS CTCw J o N Nt tu* _Sw Fu Fu btCw
tFt uy o bF-<t tu* aJv-<bJvu* u FuJ CTCwt Ju <<buT
_bau<w Jt` NtR FuJ _kCw Fuwu F* $$1-6$$
btCw tu* CTC<w- F, F JFwu F* $
S, u Sun <bsu Fuu J~C>bu Ju <, N< Nay wJ F w Fu
wu F*, bu F w[bI u f<@w Fu u Ju Jd wCh~>w <bTu* u N <bW FCo <J
oB t Ju S tt Ju N < _S<w (Jw u _Sw) w Jw F*, bF
btCw F $$7$$
wf bF-J tu* btCw tFt uy ywg Ju <J R u uwu F* ? wu o
"tu tu* Jvw b u <Fw <b<` <` J o F uwu F*' F fwu Ju <<tW
<> u uJ w d ywg J tu<w <` Ju R tu* bd Ju Ju < <tJ
f@wu F* $
<WR <`J <bb Ju N<@>w Nt Ju Nw - b<cu* u Cw
wu*J tu* <w _bb d <`ywgR <` J b Ju <f <td J uw F $ _ba
Jt` NI_bR Fuu Ju Jd J Ju Nu , <Cw Nw#Jdb<WR
f<Wu* J<w FC o NgCw <`ywgR <` Ju NIR NJ tu* Fu-F
<WR <wuu u F owu t u, aJv Fuu Ju Jd, aJvtJ

1470

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

Fu NC, wCt Na NNu* Ju ~>unwu FC <] N <b` ybgywR tuu u Ju

<w tHJ tFg tuF u t N f@Cb@< uu* u <Fw FuJ b<Fw Nt
tu* <W J <bJ w f_bR FuJ, Nwb ba t tCw FuJ _Sw Fu $$12$$

Wbb y t

Nl>bb y
w[bI u N<b<Fw b J wS u NC J JwSw-F bd $

NC u JF # Fu NhCw, wCFu u (NCyF Cw wCFu u u) b<Fw

NI > FCN $ u FC J^><_Sw F J o _bw#<] Ntw[b J sJ t*u $
N u d uFu* Ju fu* J Fuu Ju Jd f@Cb@ N< Ju Jww<bTJ uF
u <Fw Fuw FCN t* <_Sw F $ Nw# w[b tu* Nb<_S<w J N Sw bFu* Ju Jo <bT tu* NJ u b (Nu) F, J t* (dw) JRy $$1$$
o J < NC u N JwSw <o, wS< Nu <> w[bI u t
bs Ju C<wu* u J Fu Zybg JFwu F* $
ybg ZJd u JF # Fu NC, w[bI u wCFu tu* y< b<W < NuTR u
w Fu CJ*, wu btJ <W w w FuJ <bJw Ju w Fu y, F wCt
u $$2$$
o <bT tu* ZC<w td F # bu tChwu Jt u&_ < <Zw# $ NS tu&twu
b` f tCwu $$ (J>u. 6$14) (<bT Cuh~> N<R Jt, u <J w[bI u b
<bg Ju tu* _Sw F*, f b` _bt<> u sd Fu wu F*, wf tC tCw Fu w F
N o tu* F f Ju w J uw F NSwg fR Fu w F $)
o <bJwR [bb_S tu* bF Jg uwtJ f <bTu* u <Fw Fu w F,
u <J bF tu* b_bR N tS tu* bw# NuT-<buT u <b<tCw F $ yt
Ju Ju u sC N< oB N NI uy Juo J F* wu, < J
<t u NJ tu* nJ -u tu* w FC s Ju $ S, tFw N< wuF J Ju su`u*
Ju NbJ, C]_bR, aJv<Fw, <<bT o yt Ju oBu* u (N<J>)
u $$3-5$$
Ju tu* Zbd N J y w NU_w << t J J
b F NbJ F, F JFwu F* $
S, N b <<tJ Ntb Ju N Nay Fuu Ju Jd C] F*, bu F* u Jw u uyu*
Ju u` tdCNu* Ju F* u Jwu $$6$$
<tu* |>, > N< _S Su J f@ Fu w F, tu* tt bNu* J

y - 59]

Z uyb<> tFtd

F $ N w[b<> u uu wu bF > Fu w F $$42$$ ZtB, w[bI u NFaJ Ju
w Fuu N NZF Fuu wu t* F* w <J <JJ <Ju f] Fuw ba
tCw F Fuw F $$43$$
wf <<w Ju aJvR _ Ju y J F ? u JFwu F* $
< <bbuJ CT _b<w aJv tu* F N<bybg F 'F tCHu aJ<vw F N F
F*" o J Ju b-un uw F wu ( FCN aJv fF
_ tu* NtS Fuw FCN u* F > Fu w F; N NSw# F) F f Nbw NaJv
N N_ R Fu w F $$44$$
o J fC] w Ju _ N _t b Ju sd J Fu
u <g| Ju _<Fw FuJ _Sw Fu u wtJ a > Fu w F $$45$$
NSb "F <<w J _ <J u N<ww FuJ Juo S F* F' o <> u
J <b<W Fuw F $
ZtB, "<J F <<w J _ F' u* <w I Ju F b-yBq
<<w_ <<w u N<ww FuJ JC~> Nb<> F* Fw $ Zt, t o
|_bR a tu* tw N<R u _b tu* F w[bI Nu N<
t Ju w F* Fuw, u*<J a<bBq N w[bI byt F F $ ZtB, <tu* u
d ywg Ju NJu* Ju NCb, uJu u fbJ <w _b<w N_b
u Cwd Fuwu F*, w ad Iu* J _S<w <tu* Fuw F ba w
a<b<WR t_w JvNu* Ju NJ_bR aJ <tu* Fu wu F*, yt Ju
N J<Sw <w u <b u< $$46-48$$

>b y tw

>b y
N<w C] tt J N t bJ u
u _S<w F, bF J <b<w F-F bd $

b<dw f J <b<wu* J <b_w u bd Ju Fu tF b<> tu* tCu* J

Fu u JF # Zt, o wF fJ N<, t w[b <g| F tR
u <_Sw F $ t tu* <_Sw FC F u tFg NJbu f, <bdC, tFu N<,
tCT-<bbu* u d wC> Nu* J wF, w <b<wu* u _kCw Fuwu F* $ N

y - 60]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1477

u ubw uy _by tu* J> Jwu F*, bu F f tu* F _Sw tC, y@b N<
NJyt N< J>Nu* u F <J wJ J> Jwu F* $ d Nu* Ju JT J
tb<@R f Ju w[bI u w J F b wu b @t sC@ Nw Fuw F
N b N< u NbR] Fuw F $ Nt tJ_bR tt Ju b` NC_w
WtR w[b J aJ Jt J F @d wC < sd _bv b
Jw F, wu tCw t FuJ f tC< f w F, <k a tu* ww F* Fuw, wf N
u Wt bu* Ju < wu JF F ? $$1-5$$
< tR J b u wC ww F* Fuw, bF WtR <<buT F
<buT ? < <<buT JFu*, wu <b<w J bd Nayw Fuy $ u J bd <J
y F, bF Cw F* F, o N u Zt ~>wu F* $
tFTu, t, fC<], NFaJ N <WR bw F > Fu y F, u <buT<Fw d
<t` F WtR F, F N JFwu F* t N< f <buTu* u Cw bt
ob WtR F, F JFwu F* ? $6$$
a J f@ Fuu Ju f <> Wt <<buT F N Ju bJ tu* Fub
Wt <buT F, u* uu* J <by JJu Ftu F* JF F, <JwC d bbu* tu*,
obb tu* N tC<w tu* u N^> J fu ^>u J o t` NC_w F, bF Ftu JF F
N bF ywg J w[b F $ tu* NJ N<uw Juo <bu@ F F F*, o N u b<>
t@ Jwu F* $
B, u f f uFu* tu* <_Sw FuJ , N yt Jw F, u yw, _b N
<>J tu* b_wCNu* J yFd Jw F, u CTC<w N J tu* J J uw F wS
u wCb_S tu* a<bwg N abu u b<w Fw F; b, N< N Nw u , N
b <bt Fw FCN , J^><_Sw <b_tw F J o, fu@ u w FCN N< b_wCNu*
J w F bF F Wt u JF y F $$7,8$$
NJ< Ju tu* NC_w f J F, btw Ju Ju <, J <b<wR
u bd <J w F, F JFwu F* $
bF Nt F NJ tu* NJR u <_Sw F, tu* R u <_Sw F, _ tu* _R
u <_Sw F N b tu* by u <_Sw F $ tu* R u F N u F N u` tu* u`R u F $ |du
F N y@ tu* y@R u <w F $ tu* R u C> F N <Sb tu* <SbR u C> F $
@ tu* @R u <_Sw F N bC tu* bCR u _Sw F $ wu tu* wuuR u _Sw F N fC<] tu*
fC<]R u <_Sw F $ t tu* tR u <_Sw F N NFaJ tu* NFaJR u _Sw F $ fC<] tu*

1478

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

fC<]R u NR F N <W tu* <WR u > F $ bs tu* bsR u y F N >tu* >R u

<w FCN F $ |> tu* |>R u <_Sw F N b> tu* b>R u <Sw F $ _Sb tu* _SbR u
<_Sw F N ayt tu* aytR u <_Sw F $ Td tu* TdR u <_Sw F N J Ju
<du* tu* uwR u _Sw F $$9-15$$
bF <buTJ W bF F, F JFwu F* $
ubwNu* tu* ubwR u _Sw F, tCu* tu* tCR u $ <wJgu<u* tu* <wygR u _Sw
F N J<t u<u* tu* J<tR u _Sw F $ J Ju Jt tu* Cy, ab N< uu* tu* JR
u <_Sw F N Ju Nbwu_bR MWCNu* tu* MwCR u _Sw F $ `C<>, sd, <tuT N<
Nw tw Juu* tu* bF J f F wWwg R u <_Sw F $ C b_wC tu* CR
u <_Sw FCN F N Jd b_wC tu* Jd R u <_Sw F $ bF <JNu* tu* <JR u _Sw F N
b tu* bR u <_Sw F $ bF tub _S<w tu* <_S<wR u <_Sw F, aF tu* aFR u <_Sw
F wS <W tu* <WR u _Sw F $ fR tu* fvR u <_Sw F, Cb tu* bR u <_Sw
F, b]R tu* b@R u <_Sw F ba tw tu* tdR u <_Sw F $ o J f Su tu* wwgwwg R u <_Sw FCN bF tub WtR u wF u N< F; < wF tCB
tu* <_Sw Jvu, Jd ba <t tR u N< F* $$16-21$$
aJ Fu <J JR F tt R FuJ tu* Ju <_Sw Fw F ? wu oJ t@
F F <J Nu NI u <w wJv u F bF R u <_Sw Fw F, <J b_wCw#
F JFwu F* $
Zt, _bR <_bb o tt J<vw Fuu u oJ Rw
J N F F; < J fJ J<vw buw $ Fu tFtg, b` <_S<w ubu
<bJ<Fw ba w_bR t*u _ba F F yBq Jv J F $ F d <bDb tuu F <b<b@
<bu* u w F $ Nw# "F tCH Nt J F <b<w F, tCHu ~>unJ N JC~> F* F' u*
w[bI w J w<W Fuwu FC N CbJ <_Sw <F $ Zbvt<J u JF # tC<
b<> tF Ju u JFu < fw y, ybg N_w J Nu @u $
aJ <b<@ Ju < tC< Ju t_J J > y N <` fwu -<Jdu* Ju S
C# u < N C> $$22-24$$

>b y tw

oJ>b y
F ywg _b ba t Ju wCv F-oJ C<w u @ wS w u,
<f <bu@ Ju, f yF fJ <W b F, F bd $

t F f ywg < tt J _b, <wJ<vw J <b<w F F wu

f N< J <> tu* bF _b Ju w F Nb<w Fuw F N Ft uyu* J <>

y - 61]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1479

tu* wu bF _b Ju w F* w, <JwC i>w R F w F $ ybg, J

F S J o J <bTtw u Fuu tu* Jd F ? < o JFu* <J |J
u u Nu Ju Jd Ft uyu* Ju R N w NCw Fuw F, wu bF >J F*,
u*<J <k wu f N< Ju, <J NC u @bT J F, Ft uyu* J Nus aJ
<JwJ NCb<W Fuu u tu* (ywg tu*) w ba w J N N<@Jw Fuu
yuy, o N u ZtB ~>wu F* $
Fu tCu, u Ft uyu* J <> tu* _bJ y, @ ba u <wR F*; bu F
< <F^y N< J <> tu* uF@d N J FCN F t_w ywg NBq
w F F, wu Ft uyu* Ju F o a tu* w bfC<] u* Fuw F N Fu* (<F^y
N< Ju) w bfC<] u* F* Fuw ? $$1,2$$
<JCb<W J f@ Fu F w-t J w tu* FuwC F, <J f<@w
<JCb<W, o N u tF b<> t@ Jwu F* $
tF b<> u JF # Zt, (f F fub Fu J J Fu Su wf
Fu* w[bI Fu u) J (<w J) t J St <>, N Ft uyu*
NCt <> Ju t, < u* Nu u J w-tFR bu* Ju <w_bR
FCo F w S; wS< N Ju w[bI u f<@w Fu u Ju Jd bF N JC~>
w (Bqw) F* w $ f wJ NI F wf wJ <<w Ju b Fuu u b bR
Fuw F N b` a - Fuw F; u*<J bF a<w w[bI Ju <bu@ NI u
Fuw F N w[bI u > Fuw F $ o< <F^y Ju F u w[bI u f<@w,
_bwCv Ca a J <w Fuw F; bF NI Ft uyu* Ju NFaw-fC<] u
JR Fuw FCN Nw FuJ <_Sw F $$3-5$$
aJ Fu <J wf <wu* Ju w[bI u _ba J<vw a J | <b<w J NCb
u* F* Fuw ? wu uyJ N> F tu* <wf@J F, o N u t@ Jwu F* $
< J u Fu CT Ju _b<J uyu* Ju J Jtu u <wR] Fuu Ju Jd _b tu*
<bt |<b<w F* o nw, J <F^y Ju t<>_bR o ywg
tu* u* Ju <bt |<b<w J fu@ Fuu tu* uyJ N> F <wf@J <o
nw F $$6$$ Zt, o _S CT Ju NCt F <] Ft, wCt N< t_w b
ywg-_bR _b F N< Nw bFR F, b F <w J _b F $$7$$
t <J <w J t<> _b b F F, u Jw tu* N ? o JFwu F* $
u _b<J CT u FCN F, bF J _bCTR F, J Nt Ju
f u FCN Nt J k NtfR F F, Juo F*, bu F _bCT u
FCN b-y a _bCTR F F, F* $$8$$
u F F, u Jw tu* N ? o JFwu F* $

1480

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[<bd-Jd b@

Zt, Nw t#J<vw _bCT u u <J w F, bF NR

F Fuw F $ o< tw, _by, J N< NS<JtS Nw NSu tu*
(<bTu* tu*) i> w J b J Cw F* F, F < $ B, <J bF b Cw F*
Fu, o< _bCT u u Nwg Su J b F, R u ww FCo bF
~>un F u <F $$9,10$$ Ft uyu* Ju _b tu* < <> J Fuw F, tu* t
Rw J F Fuw F NSwg t tu* <tbfC<] F* Fuw, o< J
w F* t w $ >J b F <_S<w <F^y Ju t<>_bR <> J < $
<w f@ <> J |J<_S<w _bJJ F f JF y F, b_wCw# J |w
FB Ju _b J |w J o () Sunu t wJ Fu Jw F, F JFwu F* $ b_wCw#
bTJ bF J o <tuTt` Ju < F <w J F <>_b tu <_Sw F N
<tuTt`_bR F o _b tu* JvRw J Jub Jv J y F $$11$$
<w J o fJu Nu-Nu _bu* tu* t |-aw J Fuw F F,
F JFwu F* $
< J <w Ju <>tJ |wt _b J <w Fuw F, J f <du*
tu* uJ Ju | _b J <w Fuw F $$12$$
<J <<] <<w Ju F N@ F, u b <tb tu* F uJ F, bF b Ft
uyu* J _b<J <> wS <F^y J _b<J <> tu* t F $
< J Bbb Ju Jd NbwR bwu* u _kCw Fuw F, J <<ww[b
Ju N<_wb u F <> J a _kCw Fuw F $$13$$ Zt, f F <>u _b_bR
F F, w[bw# R F* F; wf y< Ju S bF tu* F y
Nw NwgR F Fu y $ o< - <u@u u<W f]u @J# $ tCtCsC b
tC<wuT tSw $$ ( F, <W F, f] F, @J F, tCtCsC F N tC<w
F F - F tSw F $) F <] ZC<w b N N<_wb w F $$14$$
f u d S Nw Nwg F F* wu bF u Ju FC ? u < NaJ Fu, wu
J-"b NCb Fuu u F' u* t@ F; Nw# F JC~> > (aJ Ju u) F F*
F, F JFwu F* $
o a tu* u b_wC < J u u y F, bF J u b F <bt F $
Nw# _b-t J <wu* tu* <J J J aJ-JCaJ J <F $$15$$
NI J (Nw |> tu* t Fuu u aJ J Nb F* F, F
JFwu F* $
(Nw |> tu* tS Fuu Ju Jd) o ywg tu* u Juo b_wC F* F, <J
FB Ju <` tu* u _b n, bF u u <w<w FCN <J tu*
t*u 12 bT wJ _b u Fu-u Cdu* tu* <] F $
()

y - 61]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1481

t tu* ab Fu $ o <`Cb tu* <`-<b<` NJ b_wCJ <> nw F $$16$$

ywg tu* Na<bw NuJ Su J >wR u fwwu F* $
Zt, (ywg tu* <`-<b<` uu NgCw N <o nwu F* <J) Ju f Ny
w F, u-tCB tu* b>b $ N NJ tu* NuJ y F*, u-ubwNu* Ju _by<
<b-_S $ B, u< u, <Nu* tu* Jt Fuwu F*, Fut<B-bw tu* (t<WJ<Fw
u tu*) bs Fuwu F* $ JvwR tu* J u tu* d C^u* Ju k_bR ba<~>w S Fwu
F* (c) $ u bsu* J o < <wt<du* Ju yCh~>u kw F, <Nu* Ju w d Fwu
F*, u-< Ju t tu* tui>J $ S u fFw F, u-BJwt<d Ju S u $ N
_b tu* sd tu* F |> >Rw Ju w Fu w F $ Nw Nwg b_wCNu* J I Fuw
F, u-_b tu* Nu td J $ N b N< wu* tu* <_Sw NJ_twg NJ tu*
@d <J w F $ <bw (ub) Ju t NJ tu* <_Sw Fw F, u-t<J $
_S nw F*, u-abu bw $ otu* uF F* <J < Ju w f JC~>
Jw F, u-<wt<d tu* $ o a Ju w <ww <bT | bu F kwu F*,
u- b Ju w $ Z|b, "tus Fu', "f > Fu', "a Fu', "uy
bw Fu ', "t ay Fu', bu Ntd Fu ' o< tus N< Ju <bT tu* aJv
uyu* Ju | <<ww tuS F* kwu F* Fuwu $ Fu ZtB, Nuw
Jt Jw F, u- `CT $ Zt, o< b tu* w N u Na<bw <b<`
Ju Ju <bt f (<buT) N y@bu J t Ju <bu* u uu yu F* $ u u N
J tu* t`uy N< <JNu* u, NT@< Bu* u, t<du* u wS <, N< Ju au* u
F*, bu <b<` Ju Ju <bt uu yu F* u <J Su J o NS<JJ Nw
ba y@by Ju <w F* $ F b N< <bwg tu* ab Fu w F $ N o t ab <>R _b<bt ba
w[bfu@ tu* Nab Fuw FCN _bR<bZ<w Ju < tS Fu w F $$17-27$$
ba fR u uu N JC~> F* F N yBq u uu wu JC~> F* F,
F k<w FCN, F JFwu F* $
Zt, (fR u uu) b JC~> F* F, u Fu; N (yBq u uu
wu) b JC~> F* F, u N F Fu $ <>tJ <F^y Ju o _b tu* b` fu
f JC~> Fuw F F $ < J _b tu* <t fC<] d b_wCNu* J <_Sw F uw F,
J <>R _b tu* <tfC<] <bTu* J <_Sw uw F F $ a tu* Nw <_SwF < "^<' u > Fu wu "d' bF N Ju u b_wC' F
NS tH <F $ < "C<d' F > Fu, wu J NS _> F $ b` "S'
FdSJ F $
(c)

1482

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[<bd-Jd b@

fC<] ub F b J t u u ttu* N J _b u u _b tu* wu FC tuF Ju

w Jw F $ ZtB, u tC@ty y>gi>u tu* <yubu Nu tuFR uT u J y>gi>u tu*
<yJ C# u y>gi>u tu* yw F, bu a tu* <yubu y, uT N F b-<J
<y F J _bR F, ty J wF f tu* u <J J ab F F F* uu-tuF tu*
uF<R yw tu* bu-t Ju w Fuw F $$28-31$$

oJ>b y tw

f>b y
b> tu* <b<` bNu* Ju Jd <sC Ju
tu u |<>w NuJ uFu* J <wR t J bd $

tF b<> u JF # Fu |b, "J t u u t tu* Fu' o JFu yu NS tu*

>ww F J u o<wF, u <J J @d t <sCJ J bWw F, JFw
F, N u C< $ B, t<@ Ju NU tu* <w N t, t, b N< u Juo J
<bJ S $ bF <w Nu NZtu<w Zbd, t N< bFu* u < <fww S $
t<@ Ju (uJ J w u <W Ju bR J w tu* dw J u _bR t<@
Ju) NU u Fu J bNu* J y J uu tu* tS FC bJ J bF <W, sd
tu* <J <w Jw S | F bF b Ju bu w Fu w S; u wayb
Ju $ <J J t tu* t<@ u <bw FuJ bF > N Jy<W FuJ Nu F N
f> $ <_Sw FuJ bF <J J <JJt J Nu* J b JR $ Zt, o J Ju Nu b bF wS t<_S<w Ju ~>unJ
< Ju NJ Ju "b' tJ u R tu* dw FuJ <_Sw Fw F $$1-6$$
tu* Nbb tJv fwwu F* $
Ju f <WCT u _buh~> u Nu t J "t* b> F' o J Jv J N
F JJw u R J FuJ <_Sw Fu y $ ww _bCT bF b>
(<sC) _b<w <J y tu* y J y<u* tu* <J wJ <bF Ju y $ bF
( J <) b b t J tW FCN, b Jt-t@C
J J tW Fuw F $ t u > FCN bF yi> u _b tu* Jt` Jv u
<w, bu wS JtC> u wC> fdR tu* Nu Ju u $ <J < <b<b@
<J bFu* tu* yu Fu Ju Jd SJ FCN <u* tu* Zu> bF b>, f tu* a_JR u

y - 62]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1483

<_Sw bs J o, <W tu* a_JR u <_Sw bFu* u Cw FuJ u y $ oJu f

(y <J u $ u <Ju FC t^><J u <J J <
y J Ju
tu* tS N C-tCF u w J o uy-tF u Cw S $ Jd tu* Nu J J o
NSwg f tu* bs J o <J J < _b_S ba t_w u>Nu* u <Fw Fuw FCN u y $ ww
_b tu* bF t> N Nt tu* fFCw CTu* uy Ju N<<w NRw Ju
J uu y, < J bs Ju Ju tu* <_Sw J v (N) Nu tu* N<bw
tab Ju uw F $ Cw u Zw, Nwb yi> ba ZCw <bTu* Ju a_Ju* J yFJ Fuu u) <W > ba ZCw
<bTu* J NCFw (N<^>w) _td <J Jw F, o t wJ <sw Ju |w
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a_J u t<bw fC<] u CTC<w tu* <_Sw Nu Ju <_S tR tu* u $ < J
Cb<wu* tu* J < CbJ <bF Jw F, J F b b tu* <_Sw bwNu*
N < FCo Jt<<u* tu* <bF Ju y $ C-tFR C tu<wu* J wNu* tu*
<b Jubu tu* Ju t tu* |t Fu bu u td Ju N@<ff Ju _bCw
bu JCCtu* Ju t@C J (tJ J) <J $ N bF b <J J Jt< tu*
Nw Fuw FCN Jt Ju tu* a Fu y, u*<J nfC<] J <W JF* NCy
J F uw F $ Zt, (J t J fw F) Jt< Ju n ku*Ju Ju < Juo
J FS N @tJ $ >J F F ! tu J oh~> td b_wCNu* J Ju tu* F fw
F $ FS u t J NZ bF Jt< t<w J F > $ N Jt< Ju
(N) uv

tu* uww J Jv J NSb sd u uv u bsb J

yFd J -<J J <W J <F $ o wF N` Nuw Ju tH <F $

1484

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[<bd-Jd b@

Ju S bF b FS Ju wu Ju f tu* nJ @ Ju @u Ju S Jd (Ju) @
J o f w FCN - Fu y $ bu u FS Ju u <w FS Ju NJ
J b u Nu Ju y@<buT u (t u) tW FS Ju R tu* w u $ ww CJ
y Ju t F<Su* Ju ku bu bu* (tFbwu*) u <<tw y J ygi>u tu* bF
FS uu <y, u NI@J u Zaf@ u J>u a tu* bw N<
C#u* J NCb J F b <yw F $ `CNu* J tFw u J Jub N b
t Ju f u tW bF FS (u <J Ju ygi>u u <JbJ <<sw <J
CJ S, ) J Nw <w` FCN $ <J t ( J <J u
f w tu* F C] > y wf) w tu* <JJ | >gyu* ba Jdu* u J <~>< Fuw FCN tC Ju w Fu y, < J Nt tu* b (bu<@-uF< N<tb
b) <bbuJR b u <~>-< Fu w F $ F<_w-tFu* u y^>_Su* Ju Nyyu* u
n FCo t-a<wu* Ju uw FCN bF FS y^><_Sw <ay<w Ju a_J u C#
b Fu y $ ww bwNu* J ub J F bF b C# Jt< Ju N FC,
u*<J NI bu* J bNu* J CU bS C_ F Fuw F $ bF C# FS
Ju Cu* u <bw<nw FCN bF (b) - Fu y N t tu* <_Sw Fa Ju u
u gfC] FCo b u t@CT Fa Fu y $ fFCw t wJ NuJ<b@ u<u* tu* >Jw
FCN () bF JFa <J t J f C# Fat w J fFCw u Fau* Ju S <bF
Ju y $ bF Fau* J tu* u fub Ju Fa Ju yCd, NJ N< J bd C $
u t tu* FaR o <sC Ju Nw#Jd tu* t N NJ u t<bw "t*
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t y N f FaJ t ba NJ <bTJ b Ju NC@ u f ubJ
bF Fa f y $ Zt, <bC wS b NC_w <bbuJbu fub Ju Nu <bbuJ,
b, w[bI N< uu* Ju <bu* u t tu* f-uJ tu* F <w fu<@w,
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J <bw Fwu FC F f u <<w NR tusC J <w J N "fd F wu bu awu <wau $ _&wu Jwt# <b<w a tg $$' - o ZC<w
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ou N<@J F uT F ? F <bg F uu* $ w F <J <J I u o
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()

y - 63]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1485

t tu* t NSu J <b<W ba <<w N<w Ju <w J uu N u

N<ww CTS Ju uT Fu u bF JwJ Fu y $$18-37$$

f>b y tw

<w>b y
BRw Ju w FC Fa Ju b-uFu* J I,
J wBw wS JRw-oJ bd $

tF b<> u JF # Zt, bF Fas N F fub Ju Nw Jt<

Ju tu* w Ju u fub J bFR t ba tC<wR Ju w Ju
u <J J t fub Ju S BC tu* FC N bF u ybg B Ju u $$1$$ bF
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Fb u BR Fu ' u* fC<] Fu y $
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b Ju NU u uFy Ju S C# J B @d Ju Fuy ? < o JFu
<J "w_ <`t<#' o Ju NC uFu* u u @ Jtu Ju Nb<> Fu u
bF uFw @d J Jw S wu F >J F*, u*<J F B<bTJ NFb @d
Ju J u bd <J y F, bF <uy Fu uy $ o J ybg B Ju ob Fuu Ju
Jd BRw tu* Jtkb F* N Jw ? o JFwu F* $
J bF o<h~>w Bw d tu* <w<ff J o <w<ffR F S $ w F F <J F
b<dw RBb tC RBb F* F, <JwC <w<ff Ju t RtC<w F F N bF Jtu
J k Fu Jw F $ wS , "ubu b ubu<w' F ZC<w o <bT tu* td F $$2$$
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u<yu* Ju t t uFw J Jv b uF J yt` F F, o N u JFwu F* $
bF Fa u (Bbb) B @ J Nu bbw Fa J
J y J < < J y@ bRw Ju w J C yCh~>u* J y J uw F $ bF
B Bb tu* yd J <w Ju Jd - <bC Ju Nu* u Suh~> <bF
Ju y $$3,4$$
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< $ t Nbd<Fw, Jt` IJ ybg BR u, Nu Jnua _bu* u
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1486

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

<bb Ju tu<Fw Jub F $ tR<t tu* J o F _ba NBq F F; <k Bq-

<w Fu F F $ N ! tCHu _td N y <J bSt w t<SJ <_S<w u t* aJv-b<Ww
Ju) w FCN $ wF Ju aJv u F ta dR u a Fuw FCN <a tu* bI N
yy N< J b u >a tu* yy N< <bybg Fu CJ F $ ww tu _buh~> u
<>-ttJ <*yuF tu* <tR u bu Fuu -_Swu* wS twt`Nu* u
N uFua u Nu Fuu Ju Jd-wgyw bNu* Ju b<c u <`> J o a<w
Fuw FCN t* bR FuJ <_Sw FCN $ N N<J u t-Nu* J NCb J F
bF b <J J y tu* b ba t<@ tu* C>w Fuu Ju Jd u* Nu u <bTu* Ju su
u <Fw Fuw FCN a Fu y $$5-9$$
NtI u <sC tu* b_wCNua tu* ob (F) NFb (t*) fC<] u Ju
Jd <W<u@ Ju NU tu* C>w Fuu u buF< Ju N<wJ <b_td<w J <W
FCo, F <wu F* $
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d, ounJ
J NCb Ju y $$10,11$$ u*<J ~>u u tJ<w <W tu* NRi> Fuw F, bF
b tJ<w Ju fJ <b<w Fuw F $ (<J J fJ <b<w Fuw F, otu* >w
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t ] Fuwu FC <sCJ Ju N t-J> tu* b<W Fuu NSu J
w Fu y $
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()

y - 63]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1487

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o J Nw <b<`, wS - ww Fu F NuJ aR N^-<tu* tu* t*u
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o b J <<bPwbJ @u* tu* u F NU <w Fuw F, bF Nw
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C# Fuy ?
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bU _ba F Fu uy N J t u F CT (b) NC bNu*
Ju ~>un uy; Nw# Ju < CT J <b@ S F F ? < u Juo NaJ Ju, wu
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u _td FCN, F fw y F $
()

1488

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[<bd-Jd b@

JFwu F* $
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CTu* Ju J Jt` Nus w F, Ju <f F* Fuw, F b F $$30$$
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w Cb J s Ju tu* tS Fu Jw F, F F* o N u JFwu F* $
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NBq bF Bq u NCw Fuw F $ w F <J <J <tS<bT ubwu
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Ju tu* tS Fuwu F*; bF Zbd N< , u <J tSw# b_wC<bTJ F,
tdy tS-_bb Ju Ju < tS Fu*yu - otu* JF F ? $$31$$
F <w Ju Ju < uJ tu* "N<' JF y F $
o< Nt<bTJ b J NU C#<t<Zw C Ju < F Fuw F;
Nw# b<b@ bNu* J h~>u J u F N<wJ NS Ju w u F, <J f J
ubwb J <w, o N u JFwu Fa $
ubw N Ju uy N<R NS<J Ju J Nt<w C# N C Ju <
F <w Fuwu F* $ Nw# b J Nb J F d NSu ubu* Ju
ub F ? o N u JFwu F* $
F b F N Nt Ju "F uF F' o J uu uw F, u NaJC Jt` NBq
<b_w u Cw -b wRw Ju uw F $$33$$
bF Jt` w[b u <w <~> Fu w F, F JFwu F* $
F b w[b<> u <w u u F JC~> F* uT Fw $ NSb J
~>u F*, u*<J Nwg J b h~>u FCN F F, F JFwu F* $ NSb bF JC~> F F
F*, Nw# J t J Ftu* <w F* F $$34$$ NJ Ju bd Ju t o
yf@ Ft uyu* Ju t Ju t Ju < Jt` Nabu F w Fuy $$35$$
NSb, o J Ju ttJ I J Nb Fu, u*<J w[bI u f<@w b_wC J
abu Fuu - C tu* f<@w J o Ju tu* NtS Fuu Ju Jd - bF
NS J J F* Fu Jw, Cw J> J J @ F Fuy $
f<@w Fuu u NBq, N<@>W_bR F yJ b, u <J Jt` JwCJ J
@ F, < <w<J W Ju Jd F, wu bF <bu Ju < F F $ bF NdCt` NS J
Fuy $ o JwCJb t* J Ju Nu au* Ju J uw F $ N Fu*
w[bI Ju <@ u Sw N Nt Ju J J uw F $ o J <bJ F

y - 63]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1489

B y tu* y, F t> <_Sw <sC, twJ J o, <B tu* <_Sw S $ ww

u b>t@ <sC Ju ywJ _b<Wa <W ba Nu Naw <_bR w[bI
b u aCw <J $ N bF <sC Nu t J _td Ju y () $ Nu-NJu
BR wS b> N< Ju R tu* uJ w[bI Fuu Ju Jd NZ Ju Ju Nu
bF <sC (owu Sunu t tu* <J Ju tu* Ju NCbR wS _b<J B< J
NCb<WR N Ju NbuJ u) N<Jw Fu y $ ww bF RB N <sC uu* F
>J <J Ju J Juu tu* <_Sw JF* f^>w tu* u yu $ b> Ju aR
f^>w tu* u tu* b<dw <w u buJ Ju uJ tu* J bF b>
Ju _Sw Ju N t^> Ju, t^> Ju Nwyw u Ju, C Ju N |
Ju wS | tu* <_Sw FS tu* wb @d <Ju FC b> Ju uu* u u, u <J b J
o C_w N >aI FuJ n S $ bF <_Sw uyu* Ju < _ba Ju Nu Fuu Ju
Jd B ba <sC Ju Ju b Ju (b>fu@< Ju) wS B Ju Ju<> Ju t
Ju NwR d Nu b Ju Nw@<w u <~>J bu b> Ju a<w uu* tu*
FCu N bF b> Ju yJ | F u _b<Wa <W u ba _ba<R
w[bI b u aCw fJ Ju w J_bR N fF w Rbu bu B, b> wS <sC
w[b Fu u u tSw# w[bI Fuwu FC NI ba <b_tF<w Fuwu FC <b_t u
<Jw FuJ <`<<w CTu* Ju t sd wJ C <_Sw Fu $ Ju f bu wu* <J
tu* JF* N_w, u* Nu <du* u t N b> Ju <W Ju dt_bR tu*, t^>wyw u ba yt tu* wS bF fd Ju | FCu $
fd Ju | tu* Nu ubyu u tbw, fF <Ju FC <wt dJ o _Sw wS
fd J^>u tu* N<a<yw uu FC fd Ju uyu* u u $ u yJ N
_b<Wa <W ba _ba<_bR w[bI b u | aCwJ bF bu N fFCw u
u tSw# <b_t<Fw Fuwu FC N<Jw FuJ _Sw F $ ww uyu* u
(B, <sC, b> N fd u) <J tu* u<w, <WJ u <bbW <<w Ju dt_bR
N td wS b<b@ uyu* u td tw R -a Ju < _S <J $ wg bu
f tw Ju uJ Ju, Ju Ju wS Ju t^> Ju F yu $ bF Fu*u
ayR Jt uu F tCw t^>@ Ju u $ bF tw Cbd Ju t ut
_wCw uJ u F <w Fuw F <J Ba bu* Ju bu J Jv, J
aJv ba <b<` uyu* Ju J Nb<> N> Ju f u f<@w FC b> u uJ
Bw u* wS Ju au* J Jvw NCb<W Fu Jw F, o < <sC Ju
yd u Ft uyu* Ju _b<J a J o u* ba Ju au* J <Cb<WR f@
F* Fuy $
()

1490

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

uFb S $ Cbdy > Nu JCR Ju> tu* bF u N<*<yw S, u t u

N<a<yw JtJu tu* u FN b $ u tau* u bs bu<>w Fw F, bu F bF tw
NuJ t<du* u bu<>w S $ N Ju* Ju tFu* Ju f bF u _Sw S, u tFu* Ju
f Cbd $ (o J tw Ju uJ) fu* u u yJ N Nu <W ba
w[bI b u | aCw fJ Ju bu B N< wS N fFw u bF _Sw
<b_t<Fw FuJ <b_t u Cw F $ ww bu Jbw Ju a tu* yu N u
yJ Nu <W ba uw u aCw <J $ o J u BR fu Ju f N<wb<FJ uF
u F N a<tu* tu* uyu* u td <J (c) Nw tu* bu fub Ju FaR b
u Cw <W Ju dt_bR fFa Ju a tu* FaJ BR Fu yu $ o J B Ju <W
ba uw Ju Nau* u F <W ba uw u Cw Fuu u wS I, ub NNu* u bu<>w F, JR F N NuJR
F $ ww <w<J a Ju N@w, d ywg N Ju w _ba NwtR
u _Sw bu wB Nbd wR FuJ _Sw F $$36-58$$
"F<d Fau u B N<@ tg' o< ZC<wu* tu* <] Bu* J o J J
_S<w F, F JFwu F* $
Zt, N wJ F fFw u fnu-fnu wBbu a Fu yu F* $ <sC-B u
Jvw ywg Ju f tu* F N N tuu NCt tu _Sw ywg Fb t
B J a F, F N <u $$59$$
< aJ Fu <J <sC Ju _b a f uyu* u* F* NCw Fuwu ? wu
JFwu F* $
J<Sw sdbu b Ju u-u a u* Nu <w Fuwu F*, - au* tu* NI
b-tF < F _ J-qu Ju F* u wu $ t u fC] w[bI, tCB tu* way J
o, bu* Ju S <twu F F* $ N NI uy wu Nu NZt` tu* FJ <tg> Ju i>uu J
wF _Sw Fwu F* $$60,61$$
N Ju (w[bI Ju) <tu tu* Jd Jt` _Sw J Nb F F, o N u JFwu F* $
u Bbb Ju Jd way N _ JR u Nh~> wF <t wu F*, bu F fC]
F b-tF, <Bq Fuu Ju Jd, _ JR u <w <t wu F* $$62$$
d bu* Ju w[bw f Ju S u F f Ju Jvw Rbu bu* J
<t F, o N u JFwu F* $
o f tu* Fu* u uu F <tu, Ju wu Jub y N buw J u
_btR f, wS u t yu Su, Fu* wu < baa buw J u _btR f
F u tH <F $
(c)

y - 63]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1491

uJ b Ju < F a tu* u b tF, < f Ju b Fuu u,

tSw# NBq Fuu Bq-u <_Sw F* $ b J u-u y u w F, bF f
< J NJR u F Nb<> F w F, J b o <<w u u-u
w[bI Ju <J w F, NSwg <t tH w F bF f JC~> Jt` <Bq
F F w F $$63,64$$
NJ J o <<w J b` w F, F NCb u <] Jwu F* $
Zt, <by<Fw d awu* J u N b` NCb Jwu F*, bu F F
d wWR <<ww[b F b` <bt F - oJ N NCb Jw fwwu F* $
ZtB, u bs tu*, Jn tu*, bw tu* <_w tu* <vu* >J Ju ~>u
u wwg-wwg NJ J <wt Ju NCJ y>gi> fu f bu bs N< CT, FS, |unu,
N< J NJ h~>u w J uwu F* wf bu F-CT N< <b<` t<wu* Ju R tu*-Ft
uyu* Ju <o uwu F*, bu F Jt d yBq u <o uw F N <Bq Jt
tu* ywg b F <_Sw <o uw F $$66$$
bs N< tu* wu ~>u <Ju yu y>gi>u u <w h~>u F, wC F bF <Ju <w
F ? u J
<<tW FuJ <_Sw F $ <uJ f tu* yJ u Nw NSwg nw F, bF <<<tW
F F; Nw# bF NJ-u R u <_Sw F $ [ba J J I J F oJ u
f@ F N J Ju I J <b<W F tus F, F k<w FCN>$(67-1)] Zt, f tu*
NS I F u* u f@ F N NS I Fu F tus F $ o uu* tu* NJu u
Nh~> yu, u F | J FuJ
<_Sw Fu u Jw F, bF | w F F; bF J Nus F* F, F N
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J _ F yw F $ (>w ba ><wJ tu* u bsdw F, u <wu F* $) Fu |C,
F (>w ba ><wJ tu*) ow F N bsdw F <J u N J Ju _bRu* J
<_S<w Fwu F tu* way N<Rw u y F N F yBq <bbw Ju f tu* wu
u N< Fu Fwu FC f tu* Nu<w FC F JR yJu<>u* tu* uu yu F* $ Zt,

1492

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

_bJ NtR u w F, bF N<b Ju Nbd u Sunu J- wu*

ywg_bR NS <w<w Fuw F $ <Bq-u <J J t<SJ _bR F - I F F,
<J n $ u u <> o wu* ywg J N "Nu u aCyu&&u tt<bh~>' (Fu
, NR J u R Jd u u) o< ZC<wu* tu* <w u* u aF J
<u $ J aw FCN bF "b da <bJu t@utg' o ZC<w <w <w Ju
NC bd tu* F <_Sw Fuw F $ bd F <fJC *w Fu CJ F, u bF t <b F
tt F $ ZtB, Nt<<w N d ywg-u uu* w# N NSw# N< F F*,
J o tu* w ab F* F $ w_bR Nt J NIw- tu* F wI Cw F, I tu* wu b< N u uu* < F*, F <w Cw F* F $$72-75$$

<w>b y tw

>b y
<sC N< J - uFu* u Nb<> @-uy,
Bydb J <w N aJv J <_Sw J bd $

<sC u uJ Bw u* tu* tbw Nl>fu F, tu uy-J @ Jt

fwu F* F*, u* a Fuu u ZtB J bWw ~>wu F* $
ZtB u JF # Fu tCb, b> fd N< N Fa N< <sC Ju _b u*
J Ju f <_S<w FCo NSwg _bJ Ju J f@ FCN Nyu
J bF w F ? tF b<> u JF # B, B Ju S <tJ bu
w[bI Fu yu N B Ju Na_bR FC bu J u Ju buW a Ju u Fu JwJ FuJ
Nb CCb Jwu FC Nb_Sw Fu yu $ JwCJ Ju < Fu F bW FC B
u bu<w t J NbuJJ <k Nu Naw Bu* Ju b> N< J
a <_S<w J Nu u < $ (N t u) ZB u JF # u tuu Naw Bu,
wCt uy o t Nu-Nu _S J Nu Nu $ bF J J`
JwJ J Ju uyu* J uy J tuu <k > NNu $ tuu Na_bR u wCt
uy tuu yd Fu, tuu y Ju Td Fu Nu $ ~>u J Ft f uy u ] bTu J t<w
tu* N<bu Ju S @ J s Fu u t Ju w Fu u*yu $ tF
b<> u JF # B, u* JFJ bF ybg N N< Ju a tu*, yw tu* _b-s Ju , w FCN $ B,
N-fd N< Nu-Nu _S J Nu J BuJ wJ Ju fnu-fnu yd
Fu uayu $ u J-J NJ tu* wu* Ju NJ tu* dw FC Ft uyu* Ju <o uwu

y - 64]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1493

F* $ ZtB u JF # ybg, bu b>-fd N<, u J <sC Ju aJvR F Su, Ju

_bR f yu ? Jv<J NSu tu* w JF u y F ? tF b<> u JF #
B, aJv J u w F bF wu N<@>w wa tu* F F $ o< <bbuJbJ
N_w Na tu* aJv J w ~>un w bF t wu J tu* <_Sw F, u*<J bF btJ F $ o f fwu* u
<un F <J <J uyJ N> u Wu<w aJ<vJ Su tu* N<@> J
w u F b F, _bw# F* $ NCtg, u _b tu* <o nw F N u aJvu*
<o nw F bF wtJ b_wC F; u <J f J tu* B N<@> FuJ wwgwwg u-JR u wwg-wwg _S tu* <w <bt Fw F $ otu* >w F-J w
<J y uw $ u J _S u _S tSC N< _S u > N<
_S-yt, _b_S t, sC N< o<Bu* J C>w, <bbuJ
CT N< Ft uyu* J Jd-ty Ju <f-@ F* Fuw, bu F wwg-wwg uJR u dw _b ywg N CTC<w _bw tu* Jdty Ju <f @
F* Fuw $ <<w Ju Ju tu*-Ju t_w bNu* Ju a> NI tu*-f JC~> n
F, o< uyJ N> u w FCo bNu* <<w <-< R u <-<
b_wC J Jv Jw F - R u d <bTu* Ju R u w J uw F,
u*<J bF btJ F wu >F $$1-13$$
t_w _baJv< Ju J S NbuJ tu* J- F ? $$
Fu <, (t<@ N NtI u <w
<>) k<w FuJ _ba F <_Sw F* bu u aJ N<, f b_wC Ju b` uwu-Fwu F* $$15$$
aJvw NS J <w tu* NU N uy J u uy F bF <W J Jyw Ju
F F $ Jyw Fuu <W NuJ NSu tu* Nw FuJ <J J Nu aJ<vw
NS Ju w F* J Jw, u* N aJvb F otu* w FCN $
F tu < b_wC <_Sw F N aJvw F wS< Jyw Ju Fu u u
t* w F* J Jw; u*<J aJ<vw N NaJ<vw uu* J NZ Ju u <W uu*
Nu u > Fu w F, JF* J yF <_S F* Fu w $ N> f J J<> CT
Ju F w Fuwu F*, N<> Ju F* $ <sd < J Nu F J CT W <
Ju w J Jw F ? aJ<vw NSu NR FC CT F aJ<vw NS w Jwu F*
N tu <_Sw NSu Ju wu F* $ u CT tu <_Sw N fC<] tu* <_Sw uu* b_wCNu*

1494

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

tu* aJv w Ju J oh~> Jw F bF J<>w Fu u t uu* J

J uw F $ ou J<> Ju Jd <sCJ b u <] B J o BRw w J
f JC~> btR u w <J, u*<J oJ <_S<w <] B J <_S<w Ju F
S $ bu Nl>fu tbw b> N< <sCaJvR b uJ <-< R u Nb<_Sw
Su N J N-N a Ny-Ny S, o< bu Nu tu* Bbt I
Ju <f J-u J sJ F* J wu Su $$16-21$$
wf bu B J <<@ tu* J-u J sJ Ju J u o JFwu F* $
B, Jt` B J oh~> u F bu aJvb w[bI u <Fw N bu* Ju a <buTu*
Ju ubu Fuwu F* wS J oh~> u bu F | BR N NuJR Fu wu F* $$22$$
fu* Ju Nu-Nu a tu* wu J oh~> F Jd F $
F t* F <b@ Fu , F t* <^>w Fu , o J J oh~> F Ju wwg-wwg
R Fu u tu* Jd F $$23$$ tB, o <w u <J J b_wC J wJ b k Fu
w F (F Nu t*u JF) $ u bu* J <] wwg-wwg bF <_S<w tu* F
<sCaJvR <> F >w F $ u, J N <J Ju Jt u J S @d, ba
Ju NC Jb, NuJb, tb, <^>, ubb N tCb w <J Jw
F $ w# tSw# Nw Fuu u o b tu* ty <w <bt F* N w# J-J
uF<tR h~>u u <> Fu u Ju Jd otu* J Jt` J <w <bt F,
o< <w_bb Ju NC btu* wwg-wwg J_bb b<_Sw F F $ o< <du* Ju
JtC _by N J N< Jnu* NS-NSu J <>R u <bJbg wS f <du*
Ju aF R u aJubg F tt <F*<w <bTtw N< uTu* u F,
u*<J btC _ba <J oh~> Jw F o <t Ju aJv u wBq Fu w F; B,
ou JC~> <JJ yb N<> F* Jw $$24-27$$
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Ju < <Sb wu F* $ o tbw tu* ybg F F su* J Ju

y - 65]

F f w F N Nu w[bI Ju Fu u bF <w, Jab Ju @u* Ju ,
aR u <w Fu w F $ uJ <dtC Ju <w F at^> J <w
u <w Fuw F, < J <sC Ju _b Ju N J _b u _b N tu* J
way u way <w Fuw F $$7-12$$
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wf <>b J F y _bR F <] Fu w F, otu* a F* $ wC Jub N_bh~>
<W u Fuu Ju Jd <> Ju bF | ba <_S- w F $
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t Junu* Ru* tu* <w FCN F $ F b <>-aR u, t<>-aR u NSb
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tu* <`-<b<` Jtub F b<<w Nu <Wa Ju _t` u u wuJ
fuJ J J uyu* J uy J F- <_Sw F $ tt<<w F d J Jv
u Ju N@ _ u Cw FuJ Ju btJ _bR tu* dw Fuw F $ J
bR tua dw FCo bF Nu w uFJ t N fF <bTJ t Ju @d Jw
FCo o@-@ CJw <kw F $$13-18$$
o <<w J <wb b N< tu u F Fu, <k F tt F F, u*<J
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y - 67]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1501

Jw F; wC) buJ wu Ntw N f Ju tw-Ntw-_bR yBqu* tu* <_Sw F,

o< otu* NSt J ab F F* F, wS< "Nt u N F f tuu J
Jd F' u* t J F o J >w F, < J fJ ~>o u >w F $ N uI
tu* fC<] J _ Jd F, Nw# t<@ Ju NU fC<]_ Ju _<Fw J <u
u ufC<]_bR aI Nu-N F fC<] tu* <b Fu w F $ N bF fC<]
dfJ tsJR Nu dt Ju , N< tu* Fb <Ju yu | J wF,
u w f tu* <b Fu w F $$19-22$$
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t@ Jwu F* $
Fu |b, w[b<> u uu _ F N N_ F F $ Jb F N <b F F $
<JwC C] Jt` w _bR F, R u bF _Sw F $ Wt F w F $$24-26$$
b_wC J W F bF R tu* F, Juo u f F* Jw, u* tF b<>
<wI Jwu F* $
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N N J bS <#aJw <] F F $$27$$
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wCw F, f@ F, tus F N NSJv _bR ywg F F $ NI u F B>,
N< <`C>R ywg J W F $ f bF NI F N F wf wu C]t_bR bF <w F
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Jub fu@ u <W-d<_ J <b<W Ju Fuy ? < u aJ Fu wu o Ju
FuwCR aJv Ju s u F - F t@ Jwu F* $

1502

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

g, NJu aJv Fu u u _ _ F <] Fu uy, u*<J

aJv <<w _ N N_ u < J< F* F $ <<w Ju N u ww N
JwR aJv <w Fuw F N bF aJv <<w Ju t` u > Fu w F, u* ww
N Jw u <Fw f F Nb<> F w F $ B, <<wR B<ff tu* u J wF J
aJvR JaJ _kCw Fu F F, bF JaJ F* F; <JwC <J J | F, F
N <u $ Fu ZtB, N <g| Ju <b_ww tu* <_Sw Fu ou, u*<J
NJu dR tu* _Sw Fu u u aJv< NJu S u wJ Ny N N_wb
F* Jwu, u* NJu R u wu N N<_wb wu F F, o C<w u Nt Ju S
d b_wCNu* tu* Jb J Jubu <uT tF fu@ J N <w Nbf
J f S NtwR b Fu w F $ NFu, NJ tF J F $ B, N
<<w J b N Nb _bR Jv Ju <tR f J wS Nu tu* v N
<b Ju J- JJu CbJ <bZt Ju $ _ N N_ aJv N <bJv
o< <W J <w J <w u F bJtJ CJ <wW F wwg-wwg
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JJu u d N Nd u u F*, oFu* N J F R t<Hu $$30-36$$

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tF b<> u JF # Fu ZtB, N CTCwtbg FuJ, <W J <b<w

~>unJ wS JvR t u <tCw FuJ t tu* Nb<_Sw Fu ou $ ZtB
u JF # Fu fg ! bd J t, o<Bt N J>t wu t* w F u<J Fu tu,
CTCwt <Ju JFwu F*, F (tCHu tt F* F JJ) J<Fu $ tF b<> u JF # Fu
ZtB, tC<bu* u u wF Ju tC< fwu F* - JJ>w_b N btCw $
Ntw[b Ju u u CJ (NtCb u Jh~>-Bd<) <J tu* f]
< N F>wg d o<Bu* Ju w ub tC< J>w JF y F $ N SS
tu* F a F, F Nh~> wF J u NtI Nt tu* Nb<_Sw Fuw FCN bF
tu* N w_bu* Ju t Fu <<<w_b u w ww Fw F bF
btCw JF y F $$1-5$$
JS J C J Nf S J C Jwu F* $
o uu* wt Zu> tC<u* J u wg<RtJ b F bF t u JF

y - 68]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1503

y F $ tB, t<bg uyu* u J J fw F-bd J t, o<Bt, J>t

N CTCwt $$6,7$$
tu* uJ J sd fwwu F* $
bd J <u@ bd J t, F>wg o<Bu* J <yF o<Bt N u>Nu* J y
J>aIJ t JFw F $ o wF <by Ju u u < at tut ab F
wS< bF J>w, td, th~> N CTC<w tu* F ab F, N <J u J tu* F* $
o< tbuWNu* u J yd Ny F* J F $ Fu Zt, Ntw[bCb tu* u btCw
<w y Fw F u CTCwt JFwu F* $ bd J t N< wu* t<buTu* tu* J>w
<bT (N<@Jw) F N CTCw tb_S tu* bF u wCS Nb_S F bF btCwu* tu* <_S<w
ub F bF tCw@ JFw F $$8-10$$
< wu* tu* tu* tb <] F wS< bu t< t J u < F w_bR F F*,
o< bu wu* b Ju f@ Ju < F tS F*, F JFwu F* $
< bd J t t F, F <w <] Fu CJ F wS< bF t<tuR F F
t< t J <R F; o< bF bf@ Ju < tS F, otu* w<J uF
F* F $ Nw# J>w bf@ Ju < F <_Sw FCN F $$11$$
u <_S<w tu* t< t Ju <R t u Cw J>w t<@ tu* <_Sw Ju
Fw F ?
B, J>t wu t<@ tu* fbJ tu<yF JJu Nu Ju N NFab Ju
NC@ J _ Jw FCN N fF R ba t a J _ Jw FCN wS
NI u NbW FC Nt J NbuJ JJu CTC<wbwg N J Nb
Fuu u _t u i>J FCo N< J o <st`u<w u NbuJ Jw FCN Nb<_Sw
Fw F $ tB, F u w J J t JF y F bF CS J tu* _kCw Fu Fu
<W J F F J tu* bu F buw wu* t <_Sw Fwu F* wS Ju ubu
wu <W J f@ Fu u u bF <_Sw <u@ N CS< J u F* >F
wu $$12,13$$
NSb dt_S<w J u buw wu* t f@_bR F F*, o< oJ y
J u <F - o fC<] u bu u F JC] Fu* bu buw t < Ju <b F F*,
o fC<] u u F JC] Fu*; <k tu* F uwfC<] wu F F F*; F tuu JFu
J w F - F JFwu F* $
bF J <u@ N CS< J u dt<_S<w J u wu* t
f@_bR Fuu Ju Jd F*, F u t*u JF F, ou u F w_bR J I
ubu uy JC] Fu* Fu*; u<J Fu ZtB, otu* wu w<J uF F* F <J
o wu* tu* tu* uwfC<] <fJC F* F $ N B, F CTCwt wu btCwu* Ju

1504

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

NCbS tu* <_Sw F $ otu* <_S<w ubu wC J Ct F* Fuw, o< Ju Zbd

J F Td F $ Nw# N ou C<u $$14,15$$
w[bsJ Ju <] Fu u oJ N F <<] Fu w F, Nw# buw t
tu* u u Fuw F J otu* Nus F* F, F JFwu F* $
o CTCwt tu* wu w wF Ju du* J at (<u@) <J w F N
au $ otu* d o<Ba<b<W wu Nu <bTu* Ju u FT u v<w
Fuw F* N <u@ u u < Ju F w Fuw F* $$16$$ o Nb_S tu* F
NuJw J Jv wu <Sw Fuw F N w F Fuw F $ (I u f<@w <W Ju
Nb<_Sw Fw F, F JFwu F* $) <W I u f<@w Fuu u <WR Fw F, N<W
Fw F wS wg, Nwg N N_bR F Fw F $ <by Jubu <bJv Ju
u <by Nwb NU J Nus u <Fw, N<h~> Nt_bR Fuu u N< N
Nw u u J Fu J Fu CT J Nb<_Sw R F, bF CTCwt JF w
F $ aR NuJ <btu* Ju N<@>w o Ntw[b Ju SSR u J uF<Fw
u R Nb<_Sw Fw F bF CTCwt F $ NuJ wF Ju a<bBqu* J Nt u W J Bq u w<w Fuu u N<_wb u Cw wS J<vw
Fuu u <_wb u Cw F F d ywg N<@>R u wg N Jvw Fuu u
Nwg F $ u* f u Ny ywg J W F* F, F < JJu u JJ, <<bJ <W
Nb<_Sw Fw F bF CTCw Ju wCv t JF y F $ b, Naf<Fw, w_bR,
<bIt` wS btCw tu* u Bq N NBq Nb_S (_S<w) F bF Wtt
JF y F $ <bwwR NI u bNb_bR wS u<buTu* u u ab<wg
J N<bbw F, u tt JFwu F* $ f<@w Fuu Ju Jd Nw Nwg wS fJ b<W
u <W u u a<bgb<W J w Nbw (Nbw) F u Nst JFwu F* $ <
tu* " t* F, N F, t F N tJ <bJv F' - o wF Ju w[bI u f<@w
<W J u a<bwg u N<b<h~> (<w-yw) N<w F u N<wt<w
Wtt < w JFwu F * $ N o ywg tu * Nt, S t ` b tJ wS
Wt_bR t* F F- o wF J I <_S<w Ju CTCw t JFwu F* $ <J F
Nta<bwg Nt bf@J _bJ tb<W J y J uw F, o< otu*
N, u J u J Jv F JF ? Nw# f JC~> w Nw TCw t F F $
B, fu@Cw o CTCw t Ju F Nw Fuu u <t wC wCww tH
<u $$17-28$$
b tu* u w J J I <tJ JF CJ F* tu* t<@ u_bR u N<wt

y - 69]

Z uyb<> tFtd

u F J Nt F F, w
F*; o< <W J Nb t CTS F* Fu Jw $ < t tu* <W tCFwt`
<bZw Fu , wf wu bF fR tu* F dw Fu y, F N < $ N_w
S J N<@> u SJg _bR F* Fuw, o< fR N<@> tu* F <<w
_bJ N N J NCb J F bF J CS F* Fw (c) $$53-57$$
F _wCw a N uy J N< k F, F JFwu F* $
Fu tB, < NJ <W au u uyu u sdt` t tu* <bZw Fu
CJ F wu bF [bR f y F; <k bF o a tu* Nub F* F $$58$$
Nf tF b<> _ba F [b J u Fa Jw $$59$$
auy Nt tu* w tC <bu F F*, u JFwu F* $
Juo J-N@ F-<J N tu* ut N I<u* J <>
tu* () u<w#_bR F, uw F N wJ tCw Fu w F $$60$$
wS J F NCbbJ aF Jwu F* $
Fu bg, buw wu* u* Ju NU u ywg, _b wS CTC<wR <w N
w<w N-N u* u <Fw wS N t btCwb_S tu* "[b' JF w F $ bF bR f<w Ju 
Fu u u y-uT, N<t N< JNu* u t< a Ju J w F* Fuw,
< J t<d Ju f@ u CbdRw Ju w FCN wt <k JaJR J u t<
wtRw Ju w F* Fuw $$61$$

FWb y tw
o <bT tu* <b@tuW tu* JF F # Itwu u J_b<wu buwg $ <bF
bJ<d t_w`b @b<w $$ (< t u J f IR Ntw J J <
F bF t f J ~>unJ bF* nw F $)
() u CT NI F*, bu t N< NuJ uTu* u <Tw Fuu Ju Jd <bt b_wC Ju
Nb, <bw b N ty u Zbd, t N<
Nb N< t_w uTu* Ju J NIJ tu* wt N<bt b_wC Ju
IJ tu* <bt ba u<w#_bR tHwu F* $ o <<b@ CTu* J <>u* J NbfJ
J F b_wC Ju ut N u<w#_bR JF y F $
(c)

y - 70]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1513

Wb y
wt J C<] Ju < NI<w <w tu* <J J buw N J abJS $

"<Wu wu wa atyw<dJ' ou aR tywd J <w tu* u <W

<wR fw y F <W<w tu* I Ju N<bbwJ <J y u JF # B, w[b<b u b wJ NbR Fu w F N <W
N<WR Fu w F; o< <bR u FCN J-JdR N<b J <b
tus F, F w[bI<u* JF w F $$1$$
w NS J Nb tu* FuwCw u a tu* wt F, J <bd Jwu F* $
tywd J o NBq F t wS NFw N< a sd Ju < F <o nwu F*
N w b tu* J |J<w buw S $
<J t b@u NIu* tu* N Ju Jd Ju t >u J oh~> u bF <J
t^> tu* y $$4$$
asuw# <wIw b_wC J <b_w Ju Ju < C# Fu u NJ JFwu F* $
Fu bF buw <J J tJ Ju u tu* Fw S $ <Jw tu* JJn
J o <Ju yu NuJ bu* Ju f<u* Ju F u ww FuJ <J J Ju
<bsu Ju <f t<@C tu* Fw S $ <J Jd Ju <f tu Nu FC <@ CT Ju
bF sC<@w Fuu tw F* S, u*<J w CT Ju F J Fuwu F* $ <J t J
fw F <J ay tu* b u w FC $ t N^b bF buw sC@ u uw FuJ
w tC J sd Ju Ju < y Ju w y $ y tu*, t w tu* C>u*
Ju I N u N< Ju Jnu* tu* k> uy, otu* w<J uF wCFu* F* J <F $ buw u JF # Fu
g, t* wCFu* NbJ F* y, wC wCFu* t* F fww F <J wCt Fu,
o< wCFu* N<Su* Ju d tuS d Ju <F $$5-11$$
< F NI Fuy wu tu* Jnu* N@ <t Jwu F* N < I Fuy wu bF
N@ J F F* Jw $ Jnu* N@ Fuu I J s J <F, u t tu*

1514

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

< J buw J s Ju Ju < uW J S Jw F $

Fu g, tu o N<Sw Ju, <J NS f<@w F* F, N >J wF u d JR ~>u>u NdC F* N <J b tu* tFyyR `udC _kCw Fuwu F* ? J _b u
u _b tu* F CT Fu Ju Jnu* Fu* _bu* J w ~>unw FCN <J
JJ _bh~> t_bR J y F* Jw ? < J Juu J w Ju
w N Ju w f-f (uu u) Jub bvJt` F Fw F, F*,
J fJu w Ju w N Ju w u J NdC F, u JJ _bh~> Nt_bR
F ? f^>, NJ, wu* Ju N@w Cb, t^> wS tuR-u f u fnu-fnu tFg
S <] F*-u NdCb @t ~>unubu uu <J NdC J (t J) Nus Nw sCB
S F* ? <J tdC tF<y J (_ba t Fuwu FC tFg bw J), u N tu* <bb
F F, < Ju w F <`yw F, <J |w N<w Wt` F $ < o ~>#
u* J W tCHu uyu, wu Fu uFtfC]u, Fu Nt|wJ, wCFu* Fu k J o <yJ <k
wCFu t^>_Su* Ju fbJ w J Fu* J <y y, < J t
ywg Ju <y w F $$12-18$$
Wb y tw

oJFWb y
NwJu<> f^>R k N bs N< J JvNu* u <b_w St J t@ $

tF b<> u JF # Fu tB, f u JFJ buw C Fu y wf FJ () bF

, <Ju b N NJ wu* J <Jdu* u @b Fu yu Su, b fu $$1$$
"J_ ttg' o< St J W uu Ju < Fu buw J <^><t
<J Fu JC~> Jv tJ fwwu F* $
u JF # Fu buw, <J t F (wCF N tu N@) dw f^>R
k WuW yCd <Sb, N< Nbdu* u bu<>w S $$2$$
1-F f^>, 2-uu-uu Jnu* f^> <Ju u> tu* F*-uu aJw tFw, 3-u
tFw <Ju u> tu* F bF y@wt`, 4-7 WuW y@<t`Nu* Ju u> tu* ub
<t`, 8-wt`Nu* Ju tu* ub <F^y J t, 9-Nww N Nyw
Nw Su Ju u> tu* ub wt`Nu* J <, 10-oJu u> tu* ubu JvJ,
11-13 oJu WuW y tu* ubu f, <bdC N B Ju NCJ, 14-o NwJu<>
<] f^>u* tu* `udCb u wCtu JF, bF wu Nw @d fw JF, <JwC
JF ub Jv Ju NC < y tu* Ju<>-Ju<> f^> F*, tu* `udCb F, o
N u buw Ju JS Ju JC~> F N y $
()

y - 71]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1515

Su tu* W_k<w bF J bwJ tf f-o F Su J F Jt u

k- N< JvNu* <u Jwu F* $
bu Fu* k F <bt F* N F*Ju NCR a vbu* J o Cbu* u Cw
bF fn J F $ , f F* F* <JwC J J fn-fn Fu*
F <bt F*, u tu* C <bCJ<w J tF bs F $ o J Ju
Fu* bs <tu* F* u J b F, <tu* u-u Nt bs N yCvt <bt F* $ N
J Ju Fu* b F F* u, w <u* u Cw u* Nu u d NJb
J b J u
F $ bu Fu* u F <bt F* u fnu-fnu F N <u* u Cw J fFCw fn
F $ bu Nw <tu* F* u J tF> F, <tu* <`<b<` t<J <bt
F* $ J Ju Fu* tF> <tu* <bt F* u J Nw <b_ww tFCbR a
F $ wF Ju Na tFCb <tu* <bt F* u <b_ww NJ> Ju J tF
^> N^> F $ o-o wF Ju Na N^>R J^>J <tu* <bt F* u J
aw<Fw Nt <<@-J y F $ wF Ju u* y <tu* Jut wayR
F*, u J Nu _bR tu* F $ o J Ju tFg Nt Na CT <Ju
t^> tu* ut Ju (N) _kC<w Fu Fu F*, u J tFg N< F $ yg <>bu
bu* tu B u uJ f^>w Fuubu u Ju<-Ju<> <w F* u F f <du* Ju
s o N< J <t F* $ o N< J <wu* Ju f^> F ùdC F* $ t*u wCtu
< J JS <J S bF F < F N oJu b u ywg J<w Fuw
F $ Fu buw, buw Na S F*, bu Ju ùdC F* $ buWt <bIR J <w u F,
JF* @d u <<tu* Ju , u yBq <b<t _k<w N W w Jw
F* $ Fu buw, t*u < tf f J bd <J F, ùt^>t<d Ju ( Ju)
t<SJ _bRw, tC N<@Ju* tu* _`<w N^>J sJt`
u @d CT Ju tu* t ut Nw ~>u>u F*, Ju _bvwt td
J -td u wC F* Fu Jw, >J bu F J N<bwg Jt
Nt u t Na CT ut Ju Nw ~>u>u F*, Ju td J NtR
N<td u wC F* Fu Jw, F fwu Ju < "_bwFbwg' JF $ ZC<w
F-"S w# CTJuut< wS&sabwF<bbtg' u <bw uw CT u Nuw
Ju Fuwu F*, bu F Ns uw u Nuw Jubwg <bb Fuw F $
(N)

1516

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

_btR u J<w Fu Fu, N<@J wCNu* tu* _>R u J<w Fu Fu o yt

tu*, <yu* Ju Jv<J b ywg J SJg W N Jwb-uwb N< Na
atu* Ju vu F* $ b_wb tu* tS<> u wu w<J tt tu* t J NbJ F* F,
o< wCt <SJ u* J N>f ~>un u $$3-21$$

oJFWb y tw

fFWb y
W Cu Ju < b@ buw Ju Nb<> u* J Jt# W u $

o wF St J W uJ "J_tg _kC<w bu tFyyudb#' o <w

J t@ Jwu F* $ tu* "tFyyudb#' o tu* <_Sw yy u wCt <]
NJ J yFd Ju NSb "tFwg' u <bu<Tw Fuu Ju Jd ydb<W u tFJ_bR
<ab<w tFJ J yFd Ju _<w@ `tJ J yFd Ju NSb
u <tCw C]<_bR bJ J yFd Ju N <J u J yFd Ju,
<k <bJvu* tu* Nw t Fuu Ju Jd wwg-wwg W J F wCtu
tFyyudCR u bd <J F, F JFwu F* $
u JF # Fu buw, JW, NJW, <J<w@ `t J W wS
<J<w@ uw u <tCw u <R C] uw F, J <t W-o<
f t Fuu u <uT F, bF ttR tFbC tu* J<vw NuJ <bJu* u a FuJ
_kC<w Fuw F $
J Su tu* NCyw WR f tt F F, wf ttR tFbC tu* J< J
W _kCw Fuw F -o wF N< tu* N@N@ub J u (<Rd) Ju FCN ?
g' o< ww J W JFwu F* $
"ywg' tJ tF_b tu* J _b u u _b tu* F wwg-wwg _byw uTu* u
NSwg NayuwR f fu@t` u F wb Ju fubu Nu R Ju F* ~>unw $$3$$
"_wu S `tg' o Su J W uwu F* $
u Juu J _w w-w u*-u* u* w F u*-u* tu* Jub ` F <tw
w F bu F f tu* <bbw wS Nbw Jdu* tu* dt F <bb u*-u*
w-w u w F, u*-u* tu* ft` <tw w F Nw# bF NdC F $$4$$
<bbww ywg Ju faFd (<bJ) N< tu* <<tW Fuu u F bF tt wg, f, Nt

y - 72]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1517

N< u* J <bT F, b_wCw# bF f @tu u Fuu Ju Jd wg, f Nt N< u*

J <bT F* F $
<bbww ywg N< tu* <<tW Fuu bF tt wg, ft, Nt N< u* u JF
w F N b@tww Fuu u "tg, Nutg' N< u* u JF w F, o< JC~>
F N JC~> F* F <bT N N<bT uu* F $ Nwb >W wwCW tu*, wwCW
J J Wtu*, J J W J Ju k J W tu*, k J W yCvt J W tuu* N
yCvt J W f, <t\>, N< J W tu* b<w Fuw F-o< Jt u u-u W
<b<bw Fuw F <-< W J b J w F bF f wwg-wwg NCb u <<tw
NJu* Ju ~>unJ Nw tu* Juu Ju _w Ju wCv wwg-wwg NCbR <t` tu* F b<w
Fuw F, o< yJ u bF J <t <t` b_wC <b_ww FCo F $$5,6$$
NdC J b<W tu* Jd fwwu F* $ t wS NU Fuu Ju Jd tt tdC_bR
F $ o wF tt Ju t Fuu Ju d_bRw tu* JC~> F< F* Nw, o<
f^>< tt J <> u tt J Nus N<w<h~> Fuu Ju Jd
tdC F F* $ o <w u "fJw@0' $ o at J W Fu y, o
N N< J N@ FCN F $ tdC_bR
Fuwu FC NwtJ o CT Ju (tt Ju) f^> u uJ tuw u* S tdC
u Nw t wwg-wwg NJu* J b<Wu* u <h~> <<wJdu* u h~>u Fuu Ju Jd
_b<J f^> J o _bR<Fw F* N bu Nw t <>u* Ju <~>Bu* tu* t Fuu Ju
Jd tdC Ju F* $$7,8$$
"J_&bb_b tdCtF<yu#' o ~>>u J W uwu F* $
sC N< o<Bu* u y Fuu u F tt tdC F, u<J J Fuu u u* Nuu
w tFbw F (c) $ F tt (CT) Nu<> u tw N Ntw b<b@ Su J
Nbb_bR Fuw FCN "u<w-u<w' o Nb u Nbbu* u F $$9$$
"<w<<f>JwRt ywg`' o Na Ju J> Jwu F* $
Fu @u, F ywg` It` tt J Jub t F, u*<J "b<Sb Nwub
t<Fwu' o< ZC<wu* tu* JR <bIt` J t t J o <] F, F tH
u $ Fu NI buw, u u ywg F* bF <bI_bR Nt Ju NuJ<b@ Ju* J <b F $
tt N tu* wu <tg FuJ tFg F N R<_bR F F, o<
sC N< o<Bu* u J <J wF s F* Fu Jw $ o <_S<w tu* tdC tu*
o<Byb Ju otu* o<Byb F* F, F fwu Ju < tt Ju "tdC'
JF y F $ u Juo _S F* F, F tt J W Fu, yF tt J
W F, o< fu fn Fuu Ju Jd tFg JF y F, F w F $
(c)

1518

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

Nw_bR, w_bb ba Nw CJCt tCw NtbI J wCt a> F* J

Jwu, o< tuu bu* Ju NC wCt _ba w_bb Nt Ju Nu NCb Nu N
~>unJ w Fu Nu $$10,11$$

fFWb y tw

u <Nu* Ju @b<w Jwu FC <_Sw S $ Nw Ju fvJ Ju bT tw Fu yu N

bJ Ju bT Fu yu $ o@ bw MwC u N _bR <w <bJ<w <J $
b-b tu* k < Fu Su, NJ tu* a < F S $ bsu* J R Nw#C
w-u R J u @b<w; abd `R J>u* u Cw wS Ntu u u* Ju C u Cw S-<bt tau* Ju <F*>uu* tu* Ju unu <tJ
yFwt yw y Fu Su $ ba N Ju* u w wS J N J<u* Ju Jh~>w ba
vbu* J F t@C bC u* Nu fF F S $ uu t tu* o < tu*) NCw FCN <W Jt J<t Ju <w J<^>w Fu
> $ bwCw b Ju JCCttFu* Ju yR t@C Nbua u tW J yv<bw
t td Ju ~>unJ u <J <bT tu* F* yw S $ J CJw ow f y S
<J w-< F <w Jw S-FutJtu* Ju tCJCu* Ju _wb tC@ d<
J<t Ju t* Jf S <<tw ubu* tu*, -b Ju <F*>uu* N J Nu NaJ
tu* JCaJCtaJw Jy $ Jt b<vu* Ju uNu* , N< Ju N< Ju , N<w
f Ju t* N Cw tu* NCyw Jf JRy $$7-26$$
tuu f Ju _b<T<w w Jf Fuy, 
| Fu $
td, F, JC N oC _kCw w|u* Ju R u Caww b<vu* J
N<<Td FuJ tuu < bF oCC Jw tww Jf Fuy ? o J J <w u
JC FuJ JCCtu* Ju ayF tu* tC Fu fu* tu* N JCCtd bu* tu* <bF Ju y $
u NuJ b N bu* tu*, ubu* tu*, wyFu* tu* wS <b<b@ -<tu* tu* <bF
<J $ t FuJ u b N b Ju yCdbd tu* f] N Zay u d JSNu*
tu* td <J $ u CbdJ Ju _wb, F u tJ Fu wS a tau* u
Cw JCtu* Ju Nu t tu* fn _S < $ wC t<`u* u o J Ju J
N< <, u*<J u> N NJ<w u N u Ju u CbwtF
u t<^>w J J J $ < t u <bw S $ bF Nu NCR <w wJ, <bJ<w < Ju
, <w Fu F S $ bF < Ju _uF u
J w S, < J ybg ub Jt< Ju <bJ wu F* $
J u Ju <w N<w <Wbu uu* J <w WuW fw F w S $ Fb, b,
<buTu* u d Nayu* Ju Jd bF > C bw- uw
S $ <<b Ju <WCbw NCw t<`u* uyty t-t

y - 77]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1527

t<w J w S NSb @<tJ t`u* Ju Ju* Ju ba<~>w NSu J <w J w

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

NSb u JC~> Ju uwR u J<w Fu F F bu uu* t Nt u N< u

f F, wBq NJ_bR F F* $ wu oa F, NFa F N F ba wu b N Nb
J ab F $ f JC~> w, <f Jub fR F FuJ <_Sw F $ o J Nt Ju
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t Ntw[b J <w IJ y, , tuF N< NI<bu* Ju w Fuu u
J w Fu y, < J wg-J NJ J u $$40-52$$

N>FWb y tw

b y
Nbu uJ < yo
> N u tu* FuwC NtI J bd $

o J FCo,

F JFwu F* $
tF b<> u JF # B, J J F > <Jt u NU Nu
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Ntt u S $ Ju y< uT <J yu Su $ J t_S <JF* Su u
ay F* S $ C-C# N< u* u bF <tCw Fu CJ S, bF _by< J oh~>Nu* u N
wCJC u>Nu* u bw Fu CJ S, bF <J S J yFd Jw S N <JJ
y Jw S $ Jub tC w Nt` Ju <w S $ aR tFtCB
Ju bF w y S, uFR Ju J> yu Su $ J yt tt Ju tFg
u d Fu y S $ |J u a tu* td Ju u Zw FCo bF > I@
N| t tu* Nf <bZt J F S $ a J tNu* u u Fu u Ju Jd
bF Nu Fu y S $ o J Cbdb <
_bvJ tu* F <b<wbu f y $$1-5$$
NvJ<J fu@ u N< tFWt t J <b<W Ju Fuy ? o JFwu F* $
u N<b_bR _<bt NI tu* NJ_twg F N w F bu F w[bI
CT tu* fJ NJ_twg F <#uTR u <b<W Fu w F $ F t_w w > F*
Fuw, uu buBb t tu* <bZw J bF > t Fuw FCo J
_bh~> tu|a<w J uu y $ C#bJ u u, wd N u Cw wS @
ba <BJ u Cw < Ju <b<@b wJ f y u _b_bJ <_Sw Fw
F bu F > y< d Nb_SNu* tu* JR u J<w Fu Fu yt Ju
y< Nb_SNu* u f] Fuubu _bb u wJ Nt tu* NJCwbJ
<_Sw FCo $ Nu <bbuJ Ju NU u <w Ntw[b u FC d _bR Ju

y - 79]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1533

N<bb u bF b C Cw Ju uu y $ Nw <J J t
way Nbu > Ju uJ <b_t u b bF <<b JFu
y $ Fu w<b, o t wCt C# bCw- wS C# C# NTdu* u <Tw- FuJ
J N<@J u F Fu, < J dB u Cw <Sb $ Fu <u, o t wCt uu
dR u u<w Fu F Fu, u <J tu* wCtu Ntw J < Fu NU
J F wCtu <w J Fu $ NbF u wCt d Fu y Fu $ Fu J<t<, <w
wS J<wd C @d J F wCt Bt J <w_J J <J Nb u
J Nu F Fu $ Fu <u, o t uy Ju J^ u <Fw, w, <bbuJ u f<>, tw
Ju w, y N aw<Fw wCF <W t* u F F $ Fu <u, <`Cb Ju wd f
JJu ywg J Jub, Nw, hwCw wS wCF t t* uw F $
Fu tFyu, t N sy Ju C wCF t <J <bb J b_wC u
t Ju w F* Fuw $ Fu fu, Nw Ju w FC F* buw Nbbu* u, u
fJ, td ba faJC Ju Jut F*, wu J N<@Jw u tu* b<]yw Fu y
Fu $ << MwC J N<wJtd Fu u < J w w Nbbu* u Cw Fuw FCo
NR Fu w F J - w Nbbu* u Nb<_Sw Fuw FCo wCt
NR Fu y Fu $ Bu, wCtu Ntw wu F* < F <J t J F wu <w
F* J F N< Ju uy wS t` N< J <<], uy N< u* u
NtC J F wu F* J < F ? Fu Jt Ju u`b, wCtu ,
<wt<d N `u u Juo Nw S wu w F* J < F ? $$6-20$$
o J ~> y n <h~> uFtwy N d N<w ft
N N<@J u tu* FuwC F, u* yi>u<w u F W uw F $
> u JF # N, t* o tu* tu* <] d uFtRw J y J w[bI
u NuT tRJu* u <tCw, t fb Ju w Fu y F $ t`, < @u* u
wCh~> wWwg <<] Ju w t* F* F, o< t* <<w< Z FuJ <_Sw F $ o
t_w <h~> b_wC J y J N<h~> Nf<@w tw N Ntw u <Fw u N f
b_wC F J t*u NZ <J F, o< J<wtw FuJ t* Nb<_Sw F $$21,22$$
" <J*<wg JaJa' o N <w J Jw u bd Jw F $
<> J N<wJtd J u b_wC F NSwg <><> u t u <J*<wg <h~>
b_wC N u <> u t <J*Bq b_wC F Ju J>_St_bb u <_Sw t*
w F, o< uCw FuJ t* <_Sw F $ Fu <, Cw uyu* Ju bw NCw uyu*
u t* wC> Fw F $ wu t* JC<w Fuw F N t* > Fuw F, o< t* Z FuJ
<_Sw F $ Jt` NJ <bt N<w Jub F f tu* NJu F t* td Jw F $
Nu* tu* td F* Jw, o< t* Ztw FuJ <_Sw F $ N, N |u* tu* uF

1534

Z uyb<> tFtd

y Fu Bt Ju wCv f]JC^> bF > F $ yC u uJ *F Ju f wJ f <~>Bu* J
_ J F bF CTC > t J b<Wu* u w a N fF d< aIb <wg<w F $
Ju NUw tu* JJu Ju t@ tu* bd Ju t tu* C wu* Ju buy u
 uu* tu* wuW Ju Nw w FuJ uw
FCo tt, b o< uu* Ju w Jw F () $ <J bF JC^>Jb<F F, o<
JC^>< t u JF y F $ bF f <du* J t<w F wS d, o<B, fC<] N< f
<wu* J W_k<w J b<W tu* <bFJ Fuu u buy Jub F $$41,42$$
tu* d<w buy Jub Ju F, F JFwu F* $
bF Nu tC u dbC Ju ku*Jw F N N Ju u *w F, o<
*w FCo _ tu* FuwC f FCo J Nu tCF JJu JC] < J o Nb<_Sw
Fw F $$43$$
fC<]<w Ju buy Jub Ju F, F JFwu F* $
f tu* <_Sw dbC JC^> FuJ Nb<W JC^>< Ju
w Fuw F wf NaJw wu* u <w Nw#Jd tu* <bt ba<bwg _t<w, aJv,
Nb, N<t, y N< b<Wu* Ju uu* u N <w Fuw F $$44$$
Ju o<B<w Ju buy Jw F, F fwwu F* $
o wF d N fC<] Ju I N <J <w Jub JC^>< Jut _b
(<bT <JTb) sC N< o<Bu* u w Jw FCo, Jt tu* t J o, uF tu* uu (< wF Ju uJ Ju N> > ty Ju b<c u) _kCw Fuw F bu-bu Nw#Jd
tu* wwg-wwg o<Bu* u NS<buTu* tu* _k<w_bR wwg-wwg kuy<R abwg <w Fuw F $$45$$
Ju bF o<B<JTu J bb<w F, F JFwu F* $
u*-u* sC N< oBu* Ju S <bT_ St Fuw w F u*-u*
JJda|wR ` Ju uJ b<W fF <Ju FC tw J f <bTu* Ju S _
()

u F t` tu* JF y F #
wbwa fu<w <C# $ w JC^>Ra <da uFtytg $$
bdt&&<bb<w y<uw# $$' o< $
f u JF F #
. <t`bdChw <`T<>a bd` J>Jd# daywg wu $
wa w* SttC<wa tta fC<]a_Sa ba b`u Jd<ba b* u $$

1540

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

N<*y Jub a<bwg JC^>< Nw _> Fu w F $$46$$

t@ tu* <_Sw JC^>< J f <n sC N< o<Bu* Ju bw tu* F*, o N
u JFwu F* $
JC^>< tu* Ju J t_w <n <t<w F* $ bu f <n, y tu* <u*
J o, u ff Fuw F* wS tu* <<w J-t@ nt tu* <h~> JC^>< tJ Nu Na u-
Ju N <J < Fuw F, F ZtB ~>wu F* $
tFTu, f b_wC N J u (c) N<h~> btJ <<wa<bwg F, wf JC^><Ju
u F f wF J a<bwg J _kC> Fuw F, F Ju N <J< ? $$49$$
f uJw h~>u J Nb b_wCJw h~>u Ju Nb tu* Nww F wf wu JJw
h~>u Ju Nb b_wCJw h~>u Ju Nb tu* Nww F F, <k J SJg
S F $ < F J<Fu <J _>Jd Ju < J Ny <J y F, wu uJw
h~>u J Nb tu* F JF Jwu F* - u* wu* Ju NCb Ju u <wu FC,
<J N <<bTJ <<w J-bJ_bR u |>< <bTJ_bR u-N<<w
fwu Ju < "w a<bCuwwwt`f#' o J Fu tF b<> - _S N t uu* uFu*
Ju NJ tu* dw wu* u us F <<w J <buT<<w Fuw F - F fwwu F* $
tF b<> u JF # Fu < t, < f yF <<wa<bwg F f JC~> F,
wS< wwt`Nu* Ju Jd oJ JF* F Fuw F $$50$$
a<bwg tu* uJw h~>u J Nb Fuu bF b` <w Fuu yuy, u NaJ JJu
Jub <@ Ju Jd F J Fuw F, F >wbJ JFwu F* $
b` <bt Fw FCN J J u b, d, N< tu* <bTR u
Nb<w Fuw F bu F b` uFu* tu* <bt Fw FCo <<wa<bwg fC<] Ju av u a
Nb<w Fuw F $$51$$ bF <<wb_wC JF* <t\>, S N< b_wCNu* tu* N unu yu >a>u J o N> F $ JF* ub, tC N<
<*yu* tu* wu bF _> F N<w F N JF* bs< <*yu* tu* <bbuJI u wS wwg-wwg
Su J WR u <b<w > F $$52$$
u N<<www N JF y F, J o y J t<wwJ Jt# <Rd
uJw h~>u Ju Nb J b_wCJw h~>u Ju Nb tu* F Nwb F, o
N u F J N b_wCJwh~>u Ju Nb J <J y F $
(c)

y - 80]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1541

Ju Ju < <wI Jwu F* $

Fu Zt, CNu* u uJ _Sb N< uFu* tu* wS tC< u* tu* <
ww u a<btJt <w Fuw F, F <k t* Nu Jt# JFw F, N f C, <huJ, t_w a N Ju @tu u Ntw[b J fu Fu
 w F bF f Nay, <bC N t <t` F F $$54$$
<t` Ju wF u <_Sw Fu t Jvw J u tu* NJ< t wua
J N Fuu u bF wwt`R u Nb<_Sw F, F JFwu F* $
bF t`, <t`, <bJ N Nt a<bwg F JF* t J<vw J u
tu* w N awt`Nu* Ju R u Nb<_Sw F $ d, t, fC<], Iu uu
wt`aJ F*, u o a tu* ubtC< NJ J bNu* Ju NC JC~> aJv_bR
N Wt` u F Jub aJd _S uFb Ju w Fuwu F* $ Juo wt`aJ
C-s N< <wyguFb Ju w Fuwu F*; Juo Cbd, w N u <sw
f^>b wS Ju Nwyw Cb<ub Ju w Fuwu F*, Juo uJ F, fw u F F, <JwC ou Jw tu* N ? o JFwu F* $
Fu |Cg, o wF F a awt` J Jub _t` F <] F $ >J F, wf wu
N<@>w b` <bt F, <k |>< uw u* F* F ? o aJ JFwu F* $ N bF
<<wa<bwg F F b` <bt F $$59$$ <JwC Jub w<aJ d<aJ (d,
t, fC<], Jtu<B N Iu<B) Ju Jd <*y J @w u tC< uFu* tu* tCuw
tb, JF* (<wy< tu*) <*y N _S uF J @w tu* tw Fuu u nuwtb
N _Sb< tu* wu <*y Ju Nw#abut` Fuu u fF tCu* w J b
Fuu u bF <<wa<bwg Jub ntb <] F $$60$$
wu* tu* bF <<w <J wF ww u <_Sw F ? otu* >w fwwu F* $
u < tu* <| FCN | J tCB aJ tu* w b Ju _ u w> @u-@u y
Fu u u < FuJ Bb_S tu* way Ju t a, JC~> |w u tu* JC~> a N
Nw |w u tu* _S J o N <_S Fw F, bu F F <<wa<bwg , <wJg N
_Sb< uFR aJu* tu* Jt u a, JC~> a wS Nw nw u Cw NSwg <fJC

1542

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

< <_Sw Fw F $$61$$

u JF* |b Fuu u av Ju Nb tu* y Ju yb tu* s<w F* Fuw, bu F
_Sb s<w F* Fuw, F JFwu F* $
y JF* u w N JF* u a Fu, wu bF y F* JF w ? NSwg bF u
y F JF w F, bu F C, , C, s N< u<u* tu* aw J <@Jb
Fuu w f yF Nsw F, u*<J F d wwtàJ n N Nn F $ w
F F <J F nNn<bJv, <<w tu* N_w wwtàJ J @t F, <<wJ @t F* F;
u*<J bF <<w wu <@tJ F $$62$$
wwtàJ tu* _bb Ju b u o wF Ju NuJu* <bJv uu yu F* $
Fu Zt, uF< NJ tu* dw aJ-d@d Ju N@ _ N w
Ju Jd-b (uw) JFw F, u _ Fuw F N N< wu Jub n F F $
_Sb< wu fF J bC u _ (u>bg) Fuwu F* wS Nw#Jd F uw F,
o< _bb Ju F b u Fuwu F* $ Fu |C, < N F Nsu Ju <J u _bb
_btJ b F bF <b]<bJvtJ Ju Fu Jw F, u*<J <bu@ us N _bb
Nus Fuw F $ < N F JFu* <J _b N u b bF _bb F, wu bF
_btùs F FCN, us F*; o< bF us <bJv J _bR <<tW Ju Fu
Juy ? wu t* Nu F ~>w F <J _bb Ju ~>unJ (_bb Ju <bT tu* <J wF J
Nsu J) Fu NJu bdu* Ju <bT tu* F Nsu J <F, u*<J bu <wgn<_bR F F* $ Nu CR<wuT J <b<W Ju < bu _bS J b<W Jw FCo
w N Ju <b] fw F* ba wud< @tJ N <FtN< N< @<tJ
d b<d , u o wF J F*, b` <o nw F $$63,64$$
NSb bd Ju <bT tu* NJu Nsu J <F, u*<J bF bJ<vw
<bJv J o aJSCb Fuu Ju Jd @ f CJ F $ <JwC wwg-wwg <b]
<bJvb u ba J yFd Jubu <bJCw <*ytJ aJu* J Jub <_S<w Ju
<bT tu* F Nsu J <F $
NSb Fu ZtB, <Fu*u ba J yFd <J F uu C> <b]<bJu* u
Cw aJu* J <_S<w Ju <bT tu* F Nsu Ju tu* NJu N<@J uy u <F $ NSb
aw[bu* J <_S<w J Juo N@ F* F, u*<J bu b-b Fu* <b] <bJvu*
J bNu* J NCd Jub F*; <W Ju o@-@ nu tu* tS wS u* Nu
f <f FCo bNu* Ju F <bT tu* <b] <bJv JvNu* J n u Fu fC<]tg
CT NbJ Nsu J Jwu F*, _bb< Ju <bT tu* F* $ ub< Cb tu*
fC]bCw wS <wJg _Sb N< NCb tu* CwbCw N aJ Nb<_Sw
Fw F, o< b F aJu* J <_S<w tu* Jd F, u Nsu J Jwu F* $ < b

y - 80]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1543

Ju <bT tu* Nsu Ju u J sR k Nh~> wF NCw Fuw F Ju <bT tu*

Nsu J <F, tCl> tu* @< >J NJ tu* F* ku*J <F $ w F <J
_bb< Ju <bT tu* <J wF Ju Nsu JuJ Juo k F* F $ F Jd F <J b
J s Fu u dt Fuu u tu N< Cbd J < <wJu Ju t wCh~>
tt nu yw F* N <bbuJ<> Ju u f _Sb-ayt N< J>, way N< Ju
t Nw wCh~> <w Fuu ywu F* $$65-69$$
b Ju _b N fu@ Ju ww u aJu* tu* _Sb< J <b<`w Ju Fuw
F, F Fd <wu F* $
N o tu* Juo-Juo u _Sb<<w Cbbu F* N Juo-Juo u -C
N< fC] bbu F* $ Juo-Juo u u C, s N< bNu* Ju Jd N_bh~> <W
u Cw F* N Juo-Juo u u tusyt, bNu* Ju y CJu F* $ b J <b<`w
u F ub, N< aw[b<, NJ wS <t yt N< <b<` bF Ju u F_w,
N< wS ou J<vw Jtu<Bu* u Cw ub, N< aJ<u* N-N
a<bwg tu* tC<bF Ju u t, fC<], NFaJ, <W, sC, Jd, |d, , bJg
N< NUw N f Jd R aI J y F*, F Jd F <J uJ d tu* <b<`
_bb J bu aI <o uw F* $ C N J; <su* u u*, , ~> N u* J; u* u k, uy N
~> J wS J<t, J>, a, tJ NBq u N N NnR u u <b<` waJu* J
< _kCw Fu F F* $$70-74$$
u* Nw aJuu* J bd JJu Nf tF b<>-tu* JtuNu* Ju tFu aJu
NC> Ju k_bR t>gFab Ju w FC <J JJ Juo J aJvtdC F o
aR NJbsu* J f F-F fwwu F* $
Fu tFwu, t<><bTJ Fuu Ju Jd o tu* <J-JJ b` N<w aJvtJ
Juo J tdC F <>R NJbsu* J f F N <>R NJbsu* tu* F u w
aJ F* $$75$$
<>u* tu* u NJbsw JF y F, J-k N y@ N< J Jv Jwu F* $
tu* o * F* N a Jtu<Bu* J
<J tau* Ju R tu* u<w Fuw F* $ _bh~> _by< uJw bs F*, Ctu<Fw bw
t F* $ Ju f vb F* N u* < a w F* $ Fu |C, bwt N <bwg

1544

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

J Ju u F* bu f bs Ju Nw k Ju R tu* <bt F* $ Fu Zt, o

wF u af wS abs Nu <bbuJ Nt u _ba Fuwu F* N t J _ba
> Fu wu F* $ u _ba bJu w Fuwu F*, nw Ju Jd <JwJ _kCw Fuwu
Fwu F* N tCB tu* way J o Nu u <bbuJ<> u Fu wu F*, bu F u f nw
Ju Jd J Nu <w Ju w Fuwu F* N Nu <bbuJ Ju Jd _ba > Fu wu F* $ Fu
Zt, u aJ<b J < <b w <bbuJ Ju b tu* y F* bu o
a tu* C# t-td uF@d<R a<_S<w Ju w F* Fuw N aJ<b J
< wu <w o a tu* td <J Jw F* $$76-82$$

N_b y tw

ob y
JC^>< Ju ay u uyu* J <W N Ju Ju Jt wS
<<] N <]u* Ju Ju N< J bd $

d<tg $ ww a<bCuwwwt`f# $$ ( tu*

f dbC JC^>< _SwJ FC w F, wf w tu* w N wt` J f<t abwg
<w Fuw F) ou fC<]<wu* tu* _k<wwb J Jwu t (wwt`f#)
o Na Ju _> tHu Ju <
tu* d< J <W J J <wu F* $
tF b<> u JF # Fu Zt, _StJ aJ Ju t@ JCa>< tu*,
<J Ftu Fu bd <J S, o <*ytJ aJ J Jd wt a
dbCNu* Ju R u _kCw Fuw F $$1$$
dR u N _kCw FCo bF JC^>< bC@t N _b@t u _, _ N a<bwgo w Ru* J Jv_bR fJ J, <wg, b, t, aJv, fC<], NFaJ, C>J,
<*y-o< tu* Ju J< u* J <@u* u w Jw F, F JFwu F* $
bF JC^>< dR u N _kCw FuJ bC Ju @t u wS Nu @t u _, _
N a<bwg-o w Ru* J <t Jv_bR fJ | aJv Ju u J N uw u
<wg JF y F $ b@d Ju u bF b_bRw Ju w F wS t Ju u tR u
bF _Sw F $ aJv Ju u aJv N fu@ Ju u fC<] JF y F $ F NFaJ Ju Ju
Jd NFaJ_bRw Ju w Fu CJ F $ C>Jt@d F JC^>< uF tu* buWt
b<wR u _Sw F $$2-4$$
tu* @R u _<w JF Fw F, o N< u Ju w _S <wu F* $

y - 81]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1545

NbC FuJ bF u J Nu fFw F $ tt u < Ju f tu* wS t

u _Sw Fw F $$5$$
b<Wu J <-< _Su* tu* Ju Fu J u JFwu F* $
N@uu tu* fFu u bF N_bR F $ tu tu* N N u _ba F
bF < F Fw F wS o uu* u Nb>@ (aw) Fu Ju Jd F bF C>
(fbw) Fuw FCo CT Ju < _bR FuJ _b_S F Fw F, w F <J <*y
J fF Jtd F* Jw $ Ju <-< u tu* Fu J u Jub N N<
F tH <F $ < tb<W u Jn u, wu Nb<W u f bJ f
* F bF ba<bwg N@uty u fF <J w F N fbJ Ju <J
u u wu tC tC Ju w Fu w F $ < C<wbJ tb<W u Jn
, wu bF ba<bwg b u w F wS fbJ Ju <Ju
u wu tC tC Ju w Fu w F $$6-8$$
Nwb d N N bC Ju y<w<u@ Ju NU u f Nayu* Ju N tb<W u
Nb<W Ju unJ < tb<W u b
a<bwg tu* _Sw Fu, wu wC J f <@ > Fu w F* $$9$$
J @ <n F* N t<n wu J F*, tu* N FCub
n J Jk N <W f u u F J w F bF* ow bCNu* u <bTtw N
u Ju Jd N Ju * uu u ~>u>u N fnu uyu* J <W Fuw F, F JFwu F* $
t <nu* Ju J Nb Fu u u N J Nw u t uyu* J
<W Fuw F N @ <nu* Ju J Nb Fu u u @ uyu* J <W Fuw F $
ZtB u JF # Fu tCb, o tu* J N t<J uy <Ju Fuwu F*
wS <Ju Fuwu F* ? F | tCHu >J->J Nuw J<Fu $ tF b<> u
JF # Fu Zt, N<@ N <@ u uu* C# Ju Jd F* N NT@< oJ
<b<W u C w Fuw F wS I oJ t F tus JFw F $ Ju N
N<@ N <@ J<wg _ J u Ju Jd f u u Fuw F*, J<wg J
S N J<wg C Ju Nw Jt u Fuw F* $ J C# Ju <@ JFwu F* N
bt t<J C# Ju N<@ $ Fu t, F u <F <J NI F o uu* J t
Jd F $ w[bI Fuu oJ N<b F $$10-14$$
N<@u* J <W tu* Jd fwwu F* $
w[bI N oB<yF Ju Nb u <W tu* <wR _b_ J FuwC tw J
yJ y-uT tu* k u u wS F w Fu y u<J F N fJ F o wF w-<

1546

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

<w Ju u nw Ju Jd tFtuF< N<@ (t<J S) uu bW Fuw F*, u

bT MwC tu* S-Nuu $$15,16$$
Nf J <@u* J <W tu* Jd fwwu F* $
f oh~>Nu* Ju C# C# _kCw Fuu u, tw u, <W Ju wu u, C> N u u
wS t N< <J> yFu* tu* Bu* tu*
N J bu Fuu Ju Jd <nu* Ju sd Fuu u NSb <~>Bu* tu* N, bw N< J
<yC<dw bu Fu u Ju Jd <nu* Ju d Fu u u Jk, <W N< Ju Ju u d Ju
JC Fuu u wS u N< Ju Ju <bJ Fu u u NuJ uTu* Ju N_b_Sw Ju
Jd Ju NJ J ZtB, o wF waJ tu*
N<@ N <@ Fuw F* $ Nf bu Ju > Fuw F* ? bF C<u $ o a tu* u wF
J <@ Fuw F* $ J t Jut N w $ otu* sC@, wd,
-C` N< J u u bF F bF t <@ JF y F wS u t<
<bJu* J n F bF (w) <@ JF y F $ N<tw Su J <w Fuu u sC@,
wd wS -CT N< <w bFJ <@ wS N<@ Ju s u N<@b (t<J)
<@ <w > Fu w F* $ Fu |b, NtI Ju <f t<<bJu* J n
<@ > F* Fuw, u*<J C Ju <w Nbfu@ u F C J > Fuw F $ Fu
Zt, u bTJ J Nu w> Ju bsu* Ju n u n ku*Jw F bu F d
N<@ N <@u* Ju <bu* Ju n u n ku*Jub t< <bJu* J t NIR
<@ J s F F $ t <@ wu NCbuuw NT<@u* wS t`< C Jtu u NSb
b]u* J u J<Sw NT@u* u > Fuw F* $ Fu Zt, uJ N< wSu tu* _, t`,
NT@ N< , b]u* u w FCo NT<@ wS NCbu wu N _ba f wu F* $
ou N<ww N t* NJu u $$17-28$$
N<@u* u (t<J nNu* u) <@ Ju Fuw F* N J Ju <<J J
w F, F ZtB ~>wu F* $
yCb, N<@ u Ju <@ Fuw F N NT@ u < t`, C^ N<R C<w u
bF Ju > Fuw F $$29$$
N<@ u <@ Ju Fuw F ? Fu F fwwu F* $
tF b<> u JF # Fu Zt, t<J nNu* u <W Ju JC Fu u
N<@J sC@ Fu w F, o< Ju@ wC Nu Nyu J _w ty F* u w $

y - 81]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1547

tC ty Ju uJ JCty J Nu wF nw F < wF fd u | FCN Fd

Nu Jw ty Ju ~>unJ N ty J Nu nw F $ t<J nNu* u asC@ FC dbC
N tw Ju ~>unJ tu* <b] ty tu* uu fFwu F* u FS Ju bu u sC@ FC
Ju w> tu* <b] ty tu* fFwu F* $ dbC Ju <bTt fFu Jk, <W N< Ju u u <bTt
_S tu* <n uu FC w F u Ju Nb_Sw Fu u bdZt J t <bTt
_S tu* FC w F $ dbC J <bTtw Ju J wF u uu FC uw F u J buy b< tu* J> Ju FC uw F $
<u@ u u N Ju w _Sw Fwu F* bu F <@R tu* dw Fu wu F*, u*<J @wC
J <bTtwR dt J u J _bb F $ o wF N<@ u <@ Fuw F N
N<@ Ju Nb u <@ > Fu w F $ N Fu ZtB, < J t`u* u <@
 Fuw F* bF Jt N C <u $ < wF Fu (Fn) Ju k _bbw# <buR
J Jwu F* _w Jwu F* wF bC, N<, <Sb, N< Ju fR b
N< t`u* Ju bd t<`J b Ju b u <nu* tu* uyJ dw Nu* J d,
N< J Jwu F* $$30-39$$
N<@u* Ju t J fwwu F* $
Fu @u, C] N <b` @CubR <J u t uu <tw Ju w Fuw F, u
J> u Cbd $ Fu |b, <W Ju C] Fu u tu* N uu fw F, u dBt
Ju <w Fuu o Cb tu* <tw $ [b J (Nw#Jd J) C<] u u dbC Nu Jt u
fFwu F* N N J J Jwu F*, ou f <@ > Fu w F* $$40-42$$
a<yJ J W uJ Nf u Jw <<] tu* FuwC F, J <Rd N Jwu F* $
Fu ZtB, JC^>< Ju JS ay u N<@ N <@ Ju wS <W Ju Jt J
bd t*u Nu o wF J <, Nf N Jw ay CJtJ <*ytJ
b J N@w JC^>< Ju N Cy@ J N@w Cta J o < Ju JJu JtJ n tu* dbC Ju uJ JJu tR
u <_Sw Fuw F wf tubw Ju t <_Sw NSwg b <<] wS J J yCw (yt
tJ <<]) u w Fuw F $ < t J u d Ju w t@ u uJ f@
w f JJu dbC Ju *J dbC Ju <u@ u yt N wCw
J N t<J J> F Ju Ju < a<bwg (JC^><) J Nu FCo w
F, t dbC Ju *u u >^>u J o f FuJ bF JC^>< uF tu* f@ FCo,
w Ju t f <nu* Ju Nu S uJ N<@J NU Fuu Ju Jd < J wF |

1548

Nu , Jub C]<Bq @Cb t J JtJ <_S<w u <_Sw Fw F bF Nw#JCJ
u N <_S Fu ou $$115,116$$
Nf N@uJ N@J u t tu* uu* Nu u d Ju <u@ <ff N <w<ff J
wF J wCvRw JFJ @d JFwu F* $
Fu Zt, << d N N<_bR wS Bt w JF y F F
NSwg N@uJ N N@J u Nw tu* u uu* N< N B d N N
<w<ffR tu* <_Sw F* bF N <_S Fu ou $ Fu Zt, u bw, yt,
bT N MwCNu* tu* Jt# w J dw u y Fu u Ju Jd ut () J N<
aJ<w Fuw F N Futw wS << MwCNu* tu* Jt# dw J w u y Fu u
Ju Jd N< J BaJw Fuw F ba o uu* J <@ tu* J tuT< aJ<w Fuw
F bu F o tu* N J ww J >< u y Fuu Bt J N<aJw
Fuw F N d J dw J f ww u y Fuu Ju Jd N< J BaJ<w Fuw
F $ J aJ<w wu Fu F fw y F*, o< Fu Zt, N oJu <buTI
Fu ou, u*<J o Ju N tC aJ<wJ u F F*, faJ<wJ wu wd Ju
t JFu yu F* $ Fu Zt, fF <] ab tu* <_Sw aJw, Wd, <sd,
abtJ J wS <bTCbwg u N< J o o Ju N <_Sw aJ<w,
Wd, <sd, abtJ J wS <bTCbwg u N< Ju uF Ju d N N
bC Ju <_Sw < N uyU Ju Jd s NCw |>, >< Ju t <w
wu F*, wu u<yu* J JSNu* tu* uwu F* $ < tuu u Ju uJ JF*
N` bW F*, wf wu <k N F* uwu $$117-119$$

ob y tw

fb y
NdCw N _Sw <<] Ju , I b_wC, u<yu* Ju
J tu* bu wS uy N< J C<wbJ bd $

o wF uF N< N< N B_bR F, oJ IJ wu @dNu* Ju NU u

Jw FC d, t N u Cw; B, N N< Ju aJtd N< J NbuJ
Jubu uy Ju uFtu* N<dt< <<]u* J <w Ju Fuw F, F JFu Ju < tF
b<> <wI Jwu F* $
tF b<> u JF # Fu ZtB, u<yu* J uF < wF NdCw _Sw Ju
w Fuw F, bF f Nh~> wF t* JFy, N C<u $$1$$
tu* fu Fu, NdCb J <w Ju < uF J <bu J u Nw NbJ F,

bF w n N<dt< <<]u* Ju yCdu* Ju ub u Fu y $$1$$
Ju ub J <b_wbJ bd Jwu F* $

y - 83]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1561

tuFR J<t N wu* wua J t () Fu u u yay J o <bt N w

bF > J NJ ty u yt Jw S, J tCB Ju Ju> tu* bu Jw S wS N
oh~> Ju NC J o <Sb Ju <bd Jw S $$2$$
Ju J<vw JF< ub J bd Jwu F* $
bF Nu <w Ju bs#_S wS <W u sd Ju < Ny F* Fuw S wS f
u* ba d Cbu* tu* t J o , wd, S, w, NJ, bC, N<
N f tu* <<bPwbJ u, tu<wu* tu* @yu J o, bu <J $ CtuR bw Ju
u<>u* , uJu* Ju yu* tu* wS < N NJ Ju tu* <wu Cb-<~>B <] F*
fu* tu* u CbJ <bF <J $ C-s, w, < N<; y, ub, NC, <b@;
N N <] CTu* Ju S u Td N< bF <Ju $ N fnu Ju S,
NuJ f > u Nu _bt Ju Itw J u <, wC bF JC~> tH
J $ > Ju <bT tu*-d JNu* tu* <b@, tC@ wS F tu y<Fd F, Jub
ow F bF <<b w S $ ow f t <J u o wF NuJ
N<dt< <<]R yCdu* u Cu<w n Ju bF wF F* , <
wF bu Jwu t fJ bu
Ju u f < u JF # Fu Zt, yC u w JuJ Jt
wu Jub "w<IS yCtub<yh~>uwg' (Nt<bI Ju < yC Ju F t FCu) o<
t J t` F F, Nw# F N<@J CT tu* f_w I F* J
Jw $ Fu |b, I J Jd wu < J <bC] fC<] F F $ wJ< Ntu* tua bdw
u, <J C^ u <WC<] Ju Nayw Zw Jt by u N w[bw Iu f F*
w-ow b_wCNu* J wF <bTw F* <J w $ w F FCN <J u J C^Jtu
u <f <b Ju F _by <t w F, bu Fu* C^Jt Ju <f Nt<b Ju
I F* Fuw $ <JwC wJ< Ntua tu* bdw wS <Jt C^Jt - o uu*
u Nt<b Ju Fu u tb<W tu* NR FCN Nt F Nt Ju wF w
F < wF <f Ju w F $ Zt u JF # Fu tCu, f u <_S<w <bt F,
wf N F fwou <J o ywg J <_S<w tu* _btI J Jd yCu J Jt F,
F <J wF Fuy $$3-15$$

1562

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

_S@w u < J fC<] Ju Nt tu* _w J yC J u I J Jd

Fuw F, F JFu Ju < tF b<> <J>u JFwu F* $
tF b<> u JF # Zt, (uFw f<) wF Fw S, < wF Juo J b fd
Fw Fu $ Fu Zt, <b Ju ay tu* wu FC J J Jn <J wdtFu* u abW
_S tu* <y n $ N Jdw Ju Jd J Jn Ju < bF fnu u w < wJ
u* Nu wd-k N< fJ ko Jw F $$16-18$$
bF <J Nw, N <fJ u J<n tuu Fu w $ u <k t J N>,
u , J<nu* u F N <k u u F J<n tuu N w*; u* Nu <W
u Fu | NJ bF Jd <J> aJ d uytFu*
J <w Fu u wS Nu f B< NSu J t<w Fu u Ju Jd C-bJ
<_Sw Fu y $ o wF w-< |u Zt Ju S u<Fw <J> u < wF J Jn
uu tu* <wt<d , <J tv ywg F F, wF ZCwuu u _btI
w <J w F $ yC Ju uJt u u us I J NbuTd Fuw F N u
< Nus NtI J <w Fuw F $ Fu Zt, f d o<Bb<Wu* u
Nww F N u u wu -Zbd ba Zbd- fu@ N< o<Bu
<Wb<W Fuw F* $ yC Ju u u u b<W Fuw F*, tu* Nw
_bh~> tb<W tu* < Nus f J u _kCd Fuw F bF wu <u* J _bh~> fC<] N
f_bb Cw F Fuw F $ o< yC Ju u u Ntw[b w F* <J w NSwg
NtI tu* u Jd F* F $$19-25$$
wS< "Nbg CTu bu' o< ZC<w u yC J u NbJ F $
<k yC Ju u Ju <f Ntw[b J <w F* Fuw, u*<J Jn J u Ju
<f <wt<d J <w <Ju J $ o tFg NSR w[b tu* yC J u Jd Fuw FCN
Jdw Ju wF w Fu y F, < wF <wt<d J Jn $ w F F <J Jn
Ju NbuTd J o t yC J u, Jd Fuw FCN , Nb k Ju u
Jdw Ju w Fu y F $ Fu |b, u<u-F t tFtNu* Ju tu<Fw Jub F $ fnu
u N b_wC J NbuTd <J w F N k w Fuw F Juo F $$26-28$$
o wF Jd Fuw FCN yCu N< Nt tu* Jd f y F $ Nt

y - 84]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1563

Fu u wu @uT u u JC~> y<wJ t Nb<> Fw F J Jt` us u

F <] F, o< Ju Ju < <J wF Ju u J Nus F* J
<F, F JFwu F* $
Fu ZtB, tC fnu Zt Ju S N J Jw F N J J k u
w Fuw F N F $ <J wu* ywg tu* u F u N C w F, o< Nt Ju
Nw @uT Fu u <_Sw y<wJ tJu Nay N N<h~> u i>uwu F
Jvd F $$29$$
<wb y tw

b y
< J Nb, w tu* <un J C ay tu* y N t tu* <_S<w - o fJ bd $

tF b<> u JF # Fu Zt, Ju f <<b w[bIR <bZ<w_S

Ju <f t tuF Ju wF w Fu y, < wF w<w CT uJ<R wtu
N@w Ju $ C#R Nunu u b | FCN Fd @ u >J u Jw _S tu* <b Ju <
ut Jw F bu F bF Jw <ywu* tu*, <Hu* tu* N yCFNu* tu* <b Ju < ut Ju
y $ Fu |b, wCFu t b, NC ba fu@ u Ju* <Sw bF t_w
, Bd N< bwu* J Nd
<J $ u wSu tu*, bu* tu* N NZtu* tu* td <J $ < J <<@ Fub CT
<<@ <t Ju uJ <<@ w F* Jw, J bF w ba N^< td
Ju uJ <_S<w Ju w<J w F* FCN $ w-< J <wR N u bF < J w F* $ wu Fu* u Ju <b u Juo tuF Fuw F N

1564

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

ayt tu* J s F Fuw F, o< N^b tC<u* Ju C Ju J Nus t*

N<@J tw F $$1-14$$
Nf b< J > J t u bd Jwu F* $
(Fu bu, Nf Ftu* wCFu ba<w F td Jw F*, bu ba<w) Cu* Ju
yCh~>u R _w @d Jw F*, w vb F Ju FS F*, <b@ ta F Ju F
F*, a @b tu| F Ju f F* $ N y F J Nayy F, JCCtu* u bu N
NaJ <td Jw F* $ uy Ju u CbdR <wfw>u* u bu CFb yw
F*, bu wayR tu<wu* u 
y@ u d Fw F*, sC<@wu* Ju u Ju < <w k Jw F*, ta<w
F Ju u` F*, JCCtd w F Ju fFC N< Nay F* $ wCFu N@ Ju Ju u
wayd Hu* Ju R tu* dw FCo bu <w w N <t y`u* u Nw Jt
yw F*, o< Fu CtC<, b< F wCFu tCHu td Jw F* $ Fu wb, <bw
FCN t Jw tu* CCb Jw F b wu <<ffu* tu* N f ba oB Ju
NZ _Su* tu* CCb Jw F $ Fu Juta<y, F u t*u b u J Wt 
J <b|> F* Jw* $$15-21$$
<w Ju b FCN F F*, oJ s J F > Fu J Jt<w J F,
Nb_SCRw bd tu* NCtu Jw FCo _Sd< u, < Jw F $
> u JF # Fu S, <Ju < t N CJ Fu bF J < <J wu u<w
Fuw F, F* $ k bw tu* F uw F N k J tu* F yw F $ b]b_S
u <>C>u FC bu CTu* Ju < F b J NZ u Cw F, wC NJu CbJu* Ju
< J< Cw F* F, o< NJ F <b tCHu F* F* $ tF, CtFu* u
bsu* J o f wJ Ft uy b u w F* Fuwu, wf wJ | tu* F u<w Fu*-<b Ju* $
Cu* Ju @d Jub wNu* Ju t_wJ Ht Fu ku ku* u <tw fC Ju S
b]b_S Nu f Ft uu* Ju t_wJ Ju Ju CCw wNu* Ju t <fJC ku Fu
u*yu, wf Ft uu* J F S, ub u Fau* J o, yF u <JJ ay tu* u*yu $ Fu
g, <f t Nu J y J Fu Ju <b<<tWJ fFCw fn
yuy F $ t<w Ju <f J Ju bu Ju Nb F uJw F* N NJu u
J Nu _bt Ju wS _bt Ju* Ju, u* _ uJwu F F* $$22-27$$
o wF <b<w <Ju u N<b<w b u < u NC Jwu F* $
<u $ Nf wCt tCHu

y - 84]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1565

F u Jw ay tu* y FCN F tHu $ Fu N<<w Nayb, wCt N <fJC fh Fu,

wCFu* ay tu* F* N <F, u*<J Fu Juta<y, ay u tu* bu CTu* Ju < N<w
J<> F $ J>u u J>u Nayb < ay Ju <b tu* <J wF tS F* Fu Jw*,
JF* b tu* Cta u* Ju F J Jw F* ? $$28-30$$
F u wCtu JF F <J t w FC <f J y Jubu Nu* Ju
<b<<tWJ fFCw fn yuy u o uT J F wCFu* F J nuy, o
Nf Ju J F J <_`u* J @t F $ tF b<> u JF # Fu Zt,
<tC N <w u ow fwu* JFJ <wuB < y N u Nu d <J Ju J <J $ oJu Nw f Nu* J
u>Nu* J yJ ybg N_w Ju wF nu, < wF <Nu* J yJ t_w u* u Cyt ay Ju $ Nu J R
J aF J NC<yd ybg Ju ~>u-~>u wF y, < wF
tF u <Ju FC Nu _bt Ju ~>u-~>u NC<yd > $ _t u (@< u) @
Cb Ju t (J) <` J N y, < J N < yay Ju @d
<Ju FC ybg aJ Ju _ba Jt u bw FuJ N<*y Ju J oh~> u tu* tC
N y Fu $ f <Nu* Ju-J tu|R wu* u Cw wS wtR fhu* Ju N
yu tu* uJ tC Ju ` Ju NbuJ u tu* R F u t<bw wS u* Nu |u
f@J-<_Sw Fuu , <Z N <SR <wu* Ju ubwNu* Ju t tu bw Ju
W@ tu* td Ju Ju < u u wS @tR u* ba w<<tWJ wd <Jdu* u
w < N <JR <wu* Ju tu bw Ju o tu* <bF Ju Ju < N u
, <R <u* ku*J y tay<J bu* J o, NJR k Ju (y Ju)
<fu FC wu* Ju yd nu $ BR N u Cu<w, N@J u tbd, Nu Ju S _S tu* wF
y u y, < wF tJ bw tCB tu* $ oJu f N@ w Ju t f u
<#w Ju w Fu y wS f | Ju u yu Ju N@u <F_u J <

1566

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

y y; < wF t J J<wu* u Cw a

wayu* u t<bw sy u ybg <bdC > wu F* $ u N< C> uyu* Ju Jnu Ju <
"t* fF F F' F JFJ wS Nu NCu* Ju J tu* <Cw JJu bF <#_F
< u N wu-wu J aJ fFCw fnu ay tu* wF Fu
y, < wF, tFtCB tu* $ |@J N yCvtu* u d wS sCB bu* u Nw JJ
fnu ay wS <` Ju u S-S <J $ N fu Fuu bF fnu
ay tu* f w F $ wu-wu d <b_ww < ybJ ybg ub Ju S F JF*
ay J <t tu* u <bZt <J $ ybg _J Ju N Fu u bF _, b
N< J uu Ju f JC~> k< JJu u bF w yb $ <k w#J Fuu fnu buy
u w FCN bF <u*, bwu* wS <u* Ju fF < tu*
| y $ ww bF t Ju w> <_Sw tCu* u Cyt J b tu* FC, F u
tF N y fFCw F <_Sw Su $ F b<u* , <u fu* J <u* u
bJ fF Fu Su, Nw fbg fu yu Na bs <_Sw Su; F dd
bu<u* N |u* u F tu* F NCt Fu F S <J F Fu fdu* Ju Nb F NuJ
NZt Su $ N u sCB wCNu* u , <] uyu* u ub, w|u* u t<bw wS db<W
Jubu ku* u u u wJ d bsu* N wNu* u FCN S $ ay tu* <J
J , C], u bu<>w, w, Fu-Fu |u* u Cw uu* u t, <_@, wS
k bsu* u Cw _S tu* ta<Fw wNu* u u J dR |
wF f, < wF bTJ <f<Fw tu|u* u a fw F $ f J ^>, ku `, N|`, C`, Jt^>C, RBs J t, w u N s Ju < JS, N
b<wu* J N tyt-u f b_wC J u Nu t<>JR t< tu* * $
oJu N<ww N Juo b_wC, u wJtuuy tt n, u J N
JC<> tu* wF _S<w J, < wF <b@w Nu > f^> tu* bF-@u* Ju
_S<w Jw F $ u < Ju St F tu* w#J bJ , <w F tu* C N<
J a N Ju f _, ub N< J <Ju $ ww ay k, Jt wS
Jt^>< J tu* w FuJ <wu <b<w d Ju w <_Sw tbu < J <W Ju
<J B Ju Nu b tu* J Jw F* ? w F <J bu <J <bbuJ Ju b
tu* F* J Jw* $$31-62$$

b y tw

J w F*, <Z J J<J F*, NuJ F JCCt F*, yyJ tu* ( b
tu*) bF F, bF tJu t bu ubR <su* u u* Nu w F, w
tCB F J F*, uu JvwR J <bdC u <bbR- bF yd
<_Sw S $ J u Ju _wR C yCh~>u* tu* wS JttCJCu* tu* t J NCb
Fuu Ju Jd _@ u ^> u n-n J <Fu Ju Jd N<wd
Jt-vbu* Ju S u <b<w J < S $ Ju tCR Jtu* tu* a >,
|Ju, N<swu wS > tu* yCSu FC t<d tR u <w Su $ Ntw<<@ J a
J F <J _bb F, uu ubwNu* Ntw J NFd Jubu FC N< <bw <b<W J J, w yay
Ju <Ju <bt wS Ju u s<wt S; - tu* J` f>uu y B<ff J
JNu* Ju CaR u <_Sw C <u* J NbuJ J wJ F tC< J t tu*
Nw Fu y N <bbuJ J t` J y J tW Fu _kCw Fuu y $ Fu g, f
tC< J <W N u fu Fu y N <W<bJ<w Ju Jd dbC tu* su FCN, wf
><W J b J _<w Fu y, < J u d k yt
J t<w tu* tu| wS <b<h~> -t b b bs Nu _S u _<w Fu w
F $ Jd fubu Bt Ju bF tC< J y<w CJ FC, < J <@
<^>w tdwwC y<wCJ () Fuw F $ <<b u JF # Fu fg,
t_w uJ tu* <bw F*, bI F*, btCw F*, <F F*, y<Fw F*,
tC<u* tu* J ff J Juo F F*, fF N w NJ Ju u JF # Fu Tu, wu* ywg tu* w<w J, ub N< J F _bbw#
u Rb F F $ Fu <, o ywg tu* Fu NI Fu* I $ Nu <bw
C-C#tJ F JFu wu F* $$107,108$$
C-C#Rw F >w u fwwu F* $
g, w<w N< Ju @ <J S u C J fw F, < J J
u J N Bt u tFy $ sC@ N< <J S u C# J fw F, <
J tu|R > u w tu* N@J fw F, o f <bTu* tu* Jub _bb F Jt` Jd
F $$109,110$$
f I<u* Ju sd Nt<b_t<w Fuu u NS Nw F wf NI<u* J

y - 85]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1573

wu fw F F, o N u JFwu F* $
J <tuT t` Ju < <t _bR < <b_tw Fu , wu bTJ tu* tu| Ju
F R NS v<w Fu >w F $ <w Ntw[b J NC@ Ju u f tuTt`
Ntw[b_bR <b_tw F* Fuw, wf F R < <W tu* v<w F* Fuw $ <JT
F <J <J <J t v<w Fu , o< <w F t<@ u Nu _bR
J _td Jwu F F <F $ u N@J N J Ju Jd < N w N-N
<_S<w w <Ju FC F* bu F C N C# u F N <_S<w <Ju FC F* $$111-113$$
u* I N NI uu* tu* @ kuy J- Fuu y-Ny<w <buT F
F, oJ >w Jwu F* $
u* uF tu* F NtRw J NbuJ Ju Ju Jd C-C# uu* NIu* tu uu
Rw Ju w Fu yu F*; u > tu* Ju Rw Ju w Fu w F $ Fu <, Ntw[bI
Ju b u w[bI tu* w<J u C-C# J F* ywu, < J _k<>J t<d tu*
Ju N< ayu* J f@ Fuu Ju N< ay F* ywu $$114,115$$
Nf _k<>J J Nus I tu* N<@J _bh~>w Fuu u <buT fwwu F* $
g, u t tu* <bt JCCt N< aJ u* Ju Jd _k<>J t<d <t
N< JC~> J Ju < @d Jw F, bu Ntw[bI btCw tC< fu@ Ju b u t tu*
Su Ju Fu u C-C#N<J f@ w F* Jw $$116$$
NI<u* Ju C-C# |R u w Fuwu F*, F u Fu JF S J bd Jwu F* $
<J NI<u* J fC<] b_wCNu* Ju F> u Nw ww Fw F, o< b_wCNu*
Ju f@t` u J fC<] Nw Fu w F, F <<w F F $ u Ju J f@
<b<h~> Fu u b J ay F* ~>unw, bu F b_wCJ f@ <b<h~> Fu u
<bTu* J NCy NI F* ~>unw $ Fu g, o Jt u u f@ N tus uu* Nb<_Sw
F* $ <bTb J <w N o> (N<w_>SJ) Fuw F, o< |y
tu* t J o NJu bu* Ju Zbd tu* w<w F F* Fuw $$117-121$$
fu Fu Cu<W J J fwwu F* $
> u JF # t_S tu* , sC, FS N< @u* u wS _S tu* NCt N<
@u* u N <W tu* Jdw N> b_wC J J Nu J_bR Ju ub
F f Ca<b<W Nu N F v<w Fuw F $ fC<] tu* Nb<_Sw NtCa<b<W fC<] Ju
su u _ba sC@ FuJ JC^><yw b Ju <w _ba F <y Ju N<bw Fu w F $

1574

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[<bd-Jd b@

b Ju < uF tu* Nb<_Sw <> SJg R u <w F* $ d u w FCo <nu* Ju N,

<bT_ u fC] FCN _kCd b J Fu w F, < J t tu* * y
t_w BtwNu* Ju N Fu w F $ Ca<b<W Ju ad tu* wS
C#a<b<W Ju Nyt tu* uF tu* <bt nty Ny-Ny F b Ju < <w F*, J F* $
<w CCb Jubu N< tu* F _b_Sw _kCw Fuw F, b C#Cb
Jubu CT tu* _kCw F* Fuw $ >J F F, uJ tu* u w F - u buTbu N<
Ju < J, N FuJ
N_kCd Fu w F, tu* F b<b@ a C#u* u <tCw ou tCw FuJ sC@-d Fu f _kCw Fuw Fw F w wJ b<b@
a C#u* u f] ou f] o<u* f wJ C N C# J Nb_S F* w wf wJ b w-
Cd N Fw F $ C N C# Ju uJ F _bJt b aR FuJ
J w v<w Fu >w F, < J B Ju uJ tCB $ Fu <, o C N< J
ty u C-@ @ N< tu* <bI u b, ta u <fv J o, u sC@ Fu >w
F, otu* Jd Jub Nu _bR Ju F F $ <bC], _btI_bR Nb Iw
Nt Ju fu@ u C N C# N< J N<_wb n w F, o< u F b <bZ<w
J Nu Jw F $ wu b_wb tu* bu C N< F*, bu tCHJu ywu F F* $ <SJ F F t* Ju
J tu* NJ <_Sw F, u* w[bI u f b fC] Fu w F wf bF tC<w w Jw F N
w Fu w F $ C N< Juo b_wC F F F*, o< bu Nt_bR J F* Fu Jwu, o
J Ju w Ntfu@R a<b<W u f b C< J Nu wJw F*, wf bF <bC]R
u w Fu w F $ F f JC~> <J fR F F, o J J N^> < f <_S<w
w J uw F wf, wu J J wF, b <bd Ju w Fu w F $ C N< _uF
J Jb<W u <w u u b F, b u CT d ywg tu*
Rw J NCb J J< su Ju w F* Jw $$122-138$$ N<w fb Ju
Jd ub N f@bR u u yu b tu* su<bt Fu F Ju Jw F ? (wf
b tu* su<bt N JF u ? o JFwu F* $) Fu <, o J Ju J<vw St
bt <F^y u F "f bu* Ju R tu* u* t* a Fuy ba Nu w[bI u t* Jt#
tCw Fu y' o wF J N Jv u f@ N tusty J Jv J N< y u
u S o F, J F <> b NCJd Jw F $ Fu ubC`, CbJ ad Ju

y - 85]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1575

u <>u* tu* f b ad Jw F, wf J b <yw F Ju F ? NSwg o t

Ju u Jw tu* J bsd Ju FCN ? F <buT ~> y $ > u
JF # g, <^> Ju NbuJ Ju f yb Ju gfC] Fu u Ju Jd sC@ FCN b,
u Ju Ju t, N<@>w uww J t<wt` u d N< bCNu* Ju sC@ J
uw F $$139-141$$ ww tu, N<_S N< Ju N ad Jubu bC J ud u
t_w Nayu* tu* <bt tu J Nwyw w t Wt y Ju NCyw
uy Ju (t Na Ju) wsd J ~>un uw F, < J >a> u wun y `, k
N< Nu N <_Sw y Ju N Ju bC_ u ~>un uw F $$142$$ bF ~>un y
(t Na) f Nayu* u <b<w FuJ <>u* u t@ _S wJ uu Nw F, u
NJ tu* <bt tu| N< Cubw u bTdutC FuJ u w Nwu F* $ <k t@ tu*
Nu Ju f > _bbw# F fF <J w F $$143$$
F u Nu Fu JF S, tu* _bb S F ? u* ~>wu F* $
< Ju N tu* <> Ju tu* CJ f <du* Ju w Jtu Ju NC << @tbu <-< S Ju R u Nu N tu* _kCw Fuw F, S J
wJ @t u Cw F F _bb J NS F, F JFwu F* $
> u JF # <, <> Ju N tu* <> Ju Ju < tC FCN f Nu N
tu* < |>, JC^>, > N< R u _kCw FCN S, R u N b<_Sw F $$145$$
bwt t tu* |> N< tu* _bb J b<c Jd-ty Ju b<c u J<wg Fu
Jw F, wC <> Ju N tu* wu Jd-ty J <Rd J F F* Jwu, o<
"wbs Ju u J Ju NytJ tu* F bb wk J <y N u wJ J
t u N>-<w F, bu F, bF f Nb<c N>N@ F, ou fwu Ju <
F N< y J F JS <J y F, o N u JFwu F* $
JJw Ju tu* fCfCu* J <W N , > N<
<`-<b<` Su Ju R tu* < <J b_wC<buT u f _kCw FCN, Ju <bg _bb
JFwu F* () $ w N N< J
o uJ tu* bwtJ<J uJ b_wC tu* u <w _bbb<c F, tu* ty
J oW J <Rd F* J Jwu, o Nw < y
F $ NSb tR Fuu u b<cu<W NJ<_tJ F, o Nw < y F $
()

1576

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[<bd-Jd b@

Ju <b<b@ <bJtJ u uF ` w` u* Nu |t Fu F, tu Juo Ibg uF t_w bNu*

Ju sd Fu u Ju Jd <k t @d F* Jwu N NICw uF wu <k t-@d
Jwu F*, u*<J NI uyu* tu* F N_S wu F* $$146,147$$

b y tw

<~>b y
JC u JC J <W, b<], f Ju S J tyt
ww J bIw N< J bd $

> u JF # Fu g, tu w f b_wCNu tu* Fubu < _bb J bd

<J F wS tf Nt Ju < _bb J ZC<wu* tu* <<] F, _bb Ju b u F
Nt ywg FCN F $ Jub b u N N<_wb w J C^-NC^ Jt Ju N@
FuJ bF <_Sw Fw F $$1$$ Fu tCu, NuJ wF J u u b F*, J u
_w<bw JS J asuw# t<w Ju < S Jwu F* $
<, N u b JFwu F*, bF Nw
b u , NS ub, y, NCb wsd ub N t<SJ Fuw
F $ Fu td, NJ bbb N u C y F, u t* N Nt Ju w Wt
<w J NCb J J F F, < J Ntw J Ju Nt Ju N
<w J NCb Fuw F $ o< N N <] <W Ju <bT tu* tCHu JC~> J<F,
ww bJ NJ Iy<w bd J t* Zbd JRy $ N f Ju C`, N
tC u JF # Fu tCu, ww Nu tR tW FS Ju <bC] fC<]R C
tC u J JC tu*
J _S<w <J, < J B tu* B _S<w <J $ b, C
wS S >J y u >>ub S $ tC F <u* tu* |> tu* <_Sw, Fb
N< <JNu* tu* tC< Ju t J uub bF C y, Ntw-y tu* Bt Ju

y - 86]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1577

<w<ff Ju fu y $$3-12$$ t J |>u Jt` Ju u`bu y

J J b <J, < J dt d Bt J N bw JCCtu* J b
Jw F $ JC u bF y t_w Nayu* u d FuJ J <J, < J
|><<h~> sy u sb<w Bt $ bF JC~> F <u* tu* Cs tu* Bt
J o f y $ Ju Nay ay tu* u < F S, <J <Rd F* Fu
Jw $ f Ju wJt N< a_J Fu CJu, wf u fJ tu*
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tu* u bwg <b_Su* J <w I J < $ Sunu tu* tC<Zu> u fJ
Ju >J Nu <w<ff Ju t f > $ C`R u tC< Ju S tC<J
J Cu<w Fuu yu, < J _k<>J bw tu* nu FC <w<ff Ju S J Ju
dB Cu<w Fuwu Fua $$13-18$$ Nw bu Nu C` Ju uJ fuJ tu* yu
N Nu <w f Ju u Nu $ J tC<w W CJ u
N yu tu* _ba f> < $ ww f u JCtJ ` Ju Jub Nb u
bI N w[bI tua <>w f > $ Fu @u, bF u f J ` JC FCN, bF
F wCFu tu <_Sw F $ t* F J C` JC t J F N JC u FCN
F $ @u, t* fuJ tu*u <w Ju S f Cu* u d FuJ Fw F $ J> Ju t Ju NC f uJ tu* t* <bF Jw
F $ f oh~>Nu* u d Fuu Ju Jd |tu tu* tu u Jub F F $ <J
J<buT u t* <bF F* Jw $ f t* uJ tu* <bd Jw F wf tuu <t tu* F
ywu, Nay @<Jdu* J _ F* Jwu N tu J < F* Jw $ Fu <, N
t* f NJty u F S, wf t*u NJu tu u, o< F t* N y N N
u b J f bww JF $$19-27$$
Nf N <w J aF Jwu F* $
bb Ju yCdu* Ju wS Ju k <WC<] Ju ubu Fu tFtg, Nu u JC~> ~>,
fJ F t*u NCb Ju NC Nu bd <J $ Fu <g, Wt Nu* Ju
Ju CT aTd Jwu F F*, u*<J bu Nu* Ju S N W Ju Ju bF
tu* fnu F C> Fuwu F* $ bvt<J u JF # B, ww b<> tC< Ju u JFu tC< Ju t_J J aJ J <b<@ Ju
< _S y N w fw u J <Jdu* Ju S-S F t^> tu*
bF <k N y $$28,29$$

<~>b y tw

1578

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[<bd-Jd b@

Wb y
<<b JC J a, N C# u,
<b _bJ wS u NS tu* <bb N< J bd $

<w - J S b

Fu u Ju Jd k Ju < _kCw Fu Fu tuu a<w Ns-C^u* F tC o
t bw , b bC tu| Ju , N uu yu F*, F t* tw F $$1$$
NJu u u t* Nb JwS Fu y, F <w Ju Ju < "t* JwS Fu F y'
u* <]- tJ JFwu F* $
Fu @u, <J Ntw fFub bd fuubu NJu S tu tyt FCN, o< N
wu t* fnu-fnu @tC> u @ FC CTu* tu* fu St _S tu* Nb<_Sw Fu y F $ u*
J tyt Nwt tu* <w FCw F, b <w u N< fnu-fnu Juo
S F* FCwu $$2,3$$
- N< J Nus @Ctyt tu* tF[b <wu F* $
@C CTu* J tyt Fuu wJ F N<tw fR C-@, B N<
ftu* b@dR u - _kCw Fuu y w F, bF y, uT N< J C Jw F, F N<tw N J ab F N
b@d Ju C F F $ tF b<> u JF # Zt, < fuu y $
> u JF # @u, Nf tu aS u JC~> b N JF Fu F*, u Fu < $ Nu u
JC~> ~>, J t*u bd <J $ Nf tCHu J<F <J N F* J N o bw J Fu
F* ? NJ F N^b <Jwu J J FCN NJu N^b Jwu Jwu <Jw t
fw y $ bb J J J ] J Fwu F*, F J<F, <~>o tw, u*<J
w_b uy N fu wu F F* $$4-7$$
< >J->J wu F* $ uJbWw
N tSbWw wu F*, <k NJu u u N J- b_wC JF $$8$$
Fu N, Jub aR u w Fu u Ju Jd t* o b Ju N Fw F $ <
N wu tCHu wu F F*, <k t* Nu JC~> asuw# JF F F $ t* <<btJ F,
~>unJ F b JJu w J F F $ Fu w[bI, t* a tu* Ct u Nw > y
F $ Fu C <k C#, Fu td <k t-F <k-<k FCN F Jw F $ o< Fu
w[bI, a u w FuJ o bb<Su* tu* w J F F $$9-11$$ u* Nu <Nu* tu* |t
F F, J>u w J F F, <k u <@ <<@ w F* Jw, bu F t* N
<w w F* J F F $$12$$ < F tu JC^>w Fu y F, t*u Juo k

y - 87]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1579

w F* <J F, t* NF F, J J @Cay<w N< u ba<w Fu y F, <k

o b tua |C u sd bs J o F F $ b, ubw N N<w<S J N<R F
<w<J >J->J R u Jwu-Jwu J C# u u NuJ C#u* J Nu F F $ Fu
w[bI, Ctu<w w <J-<bZ<wR Ntw J FuwC Fuu u uJ-tuu y, Nw# Ju <bTR fu tu* FuwC
F, J<F $$13,14$$
JttC<hw u tC<w Fuw F, F u Ju t Fu y F, bF f wJ <bW
F* <J w, wf wJ Nt J u uu Nt uy F*, o< t<bdS
Nu Ju < Jt J <wtF u u < S, J Zbd Jwu F* $
> u JF # @u, <J t Fu t*u Nu <wtF f u F <J S <J
Fu u, I N Jt-o uu* tu* u Juo J tC<w J Jd Fu, u tCHu J<F $$15$$
f u JF # Fu `, I F t Zu F Wt Ntw[b J Jd F* $ Jub u
<w Nt J swg NCb Fu w F $ ZC<wu* tu* u <JNu* J vu <J y F,
bF wu JS <but` Ju < F F $ w F F <J _by< CuyR <bu Ju <
< <J bW Fuw F*, wS< dt tu* _byuy Ju <b Fuu Ju Jd bF tC CTS
F* Fu Jw, Nw# <JF* u J Ju aJ NSu J <W Ju <bdS NCJ
Ju Ju < F w ZC<w tu* <J J vu <J y F $$16$$
o< "<ba <ba ' o< ZC<w I Ju N<@J u* Ju < F bW F $ ZC<w
tu* "N<b<W tu* wS Nu<sJ Ntwb tu* F, o N JFwu F* $
` C`R Fuw F, o N w F* FCo F, uyu* Ju < <J F fu
f-J Nbf F $ <Ju tu* \> Nf (tF| g>) F* Fw, bF @d
Jf JF* ~>un Jw F ? $$17$$
w[bI bdZtJtC JtJ Jwu uu wu F*, <k N Ju JFwu F* <J
JtJ NI<u* Ju < fu f-J d F ? o JFwu F* $
F, I Jt Jw F, wC J <J <k F* t-td N< Ju J tu*
u F* >w u*<J J t_w b > Fu CJ F* N u NI F* Ju Jt
k F* t-td N< Ju J tu* u >wu F F*, u*<J Jtu J kw tu* uJ
b tu* f FCo F $$18$$

1580

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

wf I J NC <J b F F, u JFwu F* $

<J Fu bu C Fu* Fu NC, b Ju Nb tu* <k F Fu w F* $ k tu*
w NC <J Jt` f<@wCb<W u, <* Ju Nb u k CJ w Ju ,
CJ F F $ w F <J <J < I tu* @kJ <J f<@wCb<W Ju Jd
k CJ w Ju Fw F*, I tu* N@kJ <J CJ Fw F*, otu* wu
JF F ? F fnu fnu bs @ Fu wu Fu*, bF @d wd Ju <bT tu* wu JF F ?
< J MwC tu* Fu J MwC tu* Fuubu F N< <b Fu wu F*, J
b J <b Fu u <JNu* Ju k <b Fu wu F* $$19,20$$
b u <J u* k F* Jw ? o Jw Ju _bb u F,
u* W uwu F* $
Fu C`, u J J w _bb u F Juo k F* uw, bu F b <J _bb u
F Juo k F* uw $$21$$
C-C# Ju uy Ju < t* u F, o J J b F, f<w tu* FuwC s b Ju
, wwg- wwg C N< tu* Jd F*, u* JFwu F* $
f fJ s J b u Cw Fw F, w s Ju uw F, NS F*, f o <w
u f CT C# N< J b u Cw Fw F, w C# N< J NCb Jw F, NS
F* $ w N NJ-J u @b u F CC <J Fu, wC NtI Ju bF uu
k F* uw, u <bJ<w @b w k F* uw $$22,23$$
NI tu* NS<J tu* tS w b J I u f@ Ju Fuy, o JFwu F* $
Fu @u, NI tu* b b_wb tu* F* Fw, wC tw Ju Jd NFaJ N<
J R @d J NR u uu <w FCo F, u t<t tu* NR u $$24$$
Fu J b J Fuu I J <W Ju t FCo b wu <JR
k J b Juy F, o JFwu F* $
"f JC~> fR F F' o b u <J NIR<d tw <b Ju w Fu y,
Ju b uu F* Fuw, u t<t Ju _bR Ju ubu I CT Ju t<t
tu* y J <w F* Fuw $$25$$ Nu N Jt` b J y J uu u F
N td u <Fw wS Ct u <Fw tS b_wCR b f w F $$26$$
<wtF J <w J aF Jwu F* $
bCw t Iu F N b t I F, F <F $ f I
Iw f b_wC w Fu w F, wf b f t@d F* Jw $$27$$ >
u JF # Fu Tu, <] fnu-fnu f N< f I F t tus J @ Fuu u
JvdR F, F <#a<@ JFwu F*, wf N I ~>unJ "w F tus J FuwC F' u* <
J u* Nb<_Sw F* ? $$28$$

y - 87]

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1581

<bbuJ f<FtC u CT F*, Ju < ^>, Jt^>C N< @d b_wC , ttw

J, w NSk u Jw F*, o N u JFwu F* $
Fu tFwu, F ^> F, F Jt^>C F, F N F o< <b u NSu u d o
a tu* u* w Fu Fu F* ? $$29$$
< w NS N Fu F, wu <JJ Nbf J <F, o JFwu F* $
Fu g, t* J F, F NStJ ywg <J wF FCN, oJ <w <J u
Fuy, o wF wu N <b F* Jwu N NI J wF u* Fwu F* ? $$30$$
<b Ju yC Ju , J ub J, u Nt Ju <bT tu* J
N tu*, Ju J> Ju , N N NC u*
ww J Fu F* ? t (f) <> @C CTu* Ju NtJvdS , J ub wS
tyt Ju u bF C<w (NJ N> <bZ<wC< IC<w) w Fu w F,
Nu* u <bw FuJ N yC Ju S F
NF wu FC o bJu> tu*, @ <~>B tu* Fubu J> Ju t, < FuJ <_Sw <F $
b<> u JF # Fu t, ubw J R @d J FCo Jw (>) fu<@w bF
<unJ t* owu t wJ b tu* F $ NFu, tu d > Fu y, u t* tw F, u*<J
N F F NJ tCHu y Fu F* $ Fu C, N F tuu yC F*, N F tuu <w F*, N F
tuu <t` F*, <R t* NJu du* Ju dt Jw F, J J< $ < wt b_wC Ju
N wu F*, <Ju Iw Fu u d <k uJ F* Jw, I, >I N< NuJ
wF Ju u u wu F*, o< Nu "I F JvdJJ F' ou u t wJI JF
bF |>I< tu* u J I F ? $$34-40$$ > u (JC u) JF # Fu Tu, < t* u
b F, tuu b tu* wCFu* Z] F, wu wJ I F, b F t* wCtu JFy, < tuu
b tu* wCFu Z] F* F, wu t* F* JFy, u*<J Z] u* Ju tu JF y Wt b
C>> Ju tu JFu yu J Ju Ju t <SJ ba < Fuw F $ Nw# wCFu* Fu
Z]C Fu <F $$41$$ <Ju b tu* Zuw Ju Z] F* Fw uu b u ~>u yu

1582

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

bw Ju b J <k Fu wu F, < J N@J tu oBu* Ju f@ <k Fu

wu F* $$42$$ < CTu* <#uF yFw J w F, wF N u
JC~> JFu*yu, u t* wJ F yFd J y, F tu b N F 
u JF # g, u fJ FuwCNu* u <W Nu <w Ju bu* Ju tdfC<] u yFd
Jw F, bu F N tuu o bu* Ju yFd <J $$44$$ g, Cu Ju f "otu* tu <Fw F
F' o J J fC<]bJ b Jwu FC N wJb J y J "t@C yw J o' tuu
o bu* Ju <w u C Nbwd f@w F $
g, t* J u tuF JSJt JFw F, u NJu w Ju F, tt<wu* J
<J Ju f <bu Ju w J F fC<] Ju fu@ uub F wS tFt<wu* Ju
wu | F a Ju u J uub F, N u C<u $$46$$

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tw u ~>unJ t<d J <w u J Ju N, F JS $

> u JF # Juo J Ztg CT S $ bF N< J u F J u Ju _S tu*

Fubu Nw <b] yCd N t J NZ S Ju N, b, b_by
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Fu* wJ F J >w S $ Ju < Juo N J F* S $ ow f Fuwu FC
bF t Ju F* w S $$2$$
u <J F JFwu F* $
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bW FCN $ <bu CT Ju wb u Sunu F t tu* <wt<d tu <_Sw
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< CT Wt fC<] J Nbf J b<W N t Jw F, wu bF B Fuw FCN

y - 88]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1583

<<bPwbJ fn t w Jw F $ tu <_Sw FC FS u yFd Ju u

<wt<d Ju u J u, < J tu bw < Ju <_Sw tC<
<w Bt Ju $ fnu-fnu t<du* Ju ob <wt<d Ju <bT tu* F J <
J J, < J Bwt t wJ w Ju <bT tu* < F* J Jw $
|J Ju C# u w wS <b_t u Cw t u-w <wt<d J us J-u
F ~> ? < t* ou ~> , wu F tuu _ u
F N Fu uy $ owu Sunu t tu* F t<du* J <wt<d <] F* Fu Jw,
u*<J o<wF F F <J bw Ju u F <wt<d <] Fuw F $ t* Jd
F, o< <waJC<w u` u a NwJ tu* J<vw w Ju J Ju, t u
u Bt J o, uw F $ tu ow <bC] <W F JF u N, tC F, o< <Fw tuu F <<] Ju N Jw F $ o
J aJv-<bJvu* u |J wJ <b<bt J Fu NI CT u tw u tC@
FuJ t<d uu tu* JC~> F* <J $$3-15$$
u u* F* <J, o JFwu F* $
u b_wC < t <Ju w Fuu u F* Fw, bF b_wC t bF w J
Jw F F* $ Nw# w FCN <wt<d CCfC<] Ju Jd us u u ~>un < $
J NI<w <b<bt tu* f bF CT <_Sw F F wf Nw tu* bF t<d nJ bF u
y, u*<J NbFu Jubu Ju <<] J ~>un uw F*, < J @CT u
<tCw fd >u Ju ~>un uw F $$16,17$$
Nu wu JS Ju N tu* JF S <J bF CT bF tu* <Cd S, <k t<d<wJ tu*
J bF <Cdw JF y, o JFwu F* $
<<] w FuJ CT Ju <bsdw uw F* N us Jubu CT Ju NJ
b w F* wS b w FCo bu <<] CT tu* Fub <bsdw J w F*, o <bT tu* uyua u JF F <J ub ^>t ^><@tg $ fC<]*
w_JT<w wu& ^>gwu _bw# $$ (ubw ^> uJ N@ CT Ju ^> F* uwu, <JwC
J fC<] F uwu F*, ou _ba F bF <^>w Fu w F $) $$18$$ bF CT <k <wt<d Ju
@ tu* Jt N Ju y, u*<J N> <bu uy Nu Ju tu* uy F* w
Jwu $ ww tJu R u Cw N<^>w J J J C>Jn u u $ bF C>Jn
F tu* w baJ N<sw <]u* u Ju tu < S $ F <wt<d F, u
< J NI CT u tu* uw , u*<J tuFy_w NI <t\> Ju uu

1584

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Ju R tu* uw F $ Fu @u, <W tu* Fub tuF <J t N> Su Ju ~>#; `C Ju <t`,
>u Ju , _S Ju , J B Ju u B N Ntw Ju <bT f uw F $ B t<d
Ju uJ u N b J <W ~>un , u*<J tuFb u F tH < <J Nf
o <wt<d u F f JC~> w Fu uy, o <Wu* u u $ F u, C u
, _uFu* u <Fw N t bu* u NJw F, d-d bF | CbJ <Wu*
u Cw FuJ Fy, u* <bJ J^> Ju uJ < N^ tu* bF t N $ Fu
<, bF ay tu* J J Ju ^> u bF t u <b<W tu* k y, u J bw
J J<w Ju yF <t u Cw N tw Ju NCR S $$19-26$$
o f fwu* u F <JT <J <J Jt` tw F C# tu* fu f-J Jd F,
u aF Jwu F* $
tw Ju <bb u u C# Fuwu F* bu C# b_b N< fn-fn N<Wu* u
fCw u td u F* Fuwu, w[bbuWNu* Ju Jnu* N<Wu* Ju Nu C# <o F*
uw N uu Ju ayu* u Fu <@ Ju tw Ju Jd Jnu* C# <o uwu F*,
ou d N<Wu* Ju < Jt` tw J Nb_Sw Fw F, < J CT
Ju < J Ju $$27$$

Nl>b y tw

bb y
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Jw <bT tu* FS J >w F, o< u C<u, F JFwu F* $

> u JF # Fu g, Nf F C N C<wu*
Ju HC^>u* J _bt J FS Fw S $ |J wJ NI J Ju Ju Jd NCyFCw
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`d Ju w FCN N @ FS u bF S w J, u tFub J fd< yu
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FS u uFt tu* w < <fwu $ ww w <u* Ju f Nw u u bF FS

y - 89]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1585

wunu tu* Ju y N tC Ju w N|wu* u |^> Ju b< Ju y $$1-7$$

u tCFwu tu* fnu u FS u Nu tS u wu* u Da Ju J
<~>-< J <, < J f< J < S $ u `C u J bF -~>u J u, < J ZF u
tuw u f< J _by-~>u u S $ <J k <bh~> Fu y S, FS Ju <
bF `C wbs Ju Fu J <k bF* u J <y, < J Jt u () tubw
u yb bt f< Ju < <yu Su $ <y F bF Nu d Jtu* u FS J < w
J JC Fuw FCN <Sb J <y, J bC u NFw J k <Sb
<yw F $$8-11$$ tu <yu FC `C Ju uJ tFg FS Jd u y, u*<J
<wJg u<u* tu* u w uy J Nu <bC] yCd u Cw F Fwu F* $ "<yu FC
Ju < t* t >, wu tu* tu CTS F ?' o J FS u <bJ `C Ju
t $ Jt` uFt J <bd J bF J y, < J <b_ww C J
<bd J J tFg bF w F $ J NZ J Da J uJ FS
uu y, u NJ tu* tu|u* J uJ w F $ f FS y wf tFbw
_b_St<w FuJ > $ J S FS Ju S-S F y y $ WCay w bs Ju uwNu* J
uF Cu F Fuw F $ bTJ tu* tu|u* J o JCJtu tu* Nwg CTu* J f fw F $ bF u* u
u tu* Nw F S $ FS J `C bF tFbw Nu u* tu* <k <] FCN $ Ju
FS u FS y $ bF J C# FCN, < J FS tu* <<@ Ju NJ u u
b C# Fuw F $ Nw tu* fFCw Zt u bF N^ tu* H<nu* tu* <~>u FC FS J
J NbuTd Ju y, < J u Ju < NJt^> tu* tu|u* u <~>u FC Bt J
FC NbuTd Jw F $ fFCw J Ju f C]<t u tu* <J FCN <J J ay tu* <_Sw
bs Ju u <bZt J F bF yuB u <k <t $ ww F bF FS n S, bF*
t tu* NuJ y> u* u Cw Wt y uu J ty u tFbw u yf@
tu* tS u* Nu yu ay tu* yu J <td <J $ bF u yw S, tu* <t tu* f
<<tw b<yg yu tCB Fu $ baJ tFbw u yu Ju Jut wNu* u
J u i>J <, < J J C tu|> u NJ Ju i>J uw F $ JC~> F
<u* Ju Nw b tu* <bF J F bF FS, CJ y tu* bw J o, yu tu* <y y $
yR Ju NZ wS ww Ju N<wTd bJ JC Ju CJ y-u yu
Ju u y tu* o <w u C# u FS Ju CR u f@ <, u N f< Ju
f< u I tu* w t` <t J <wyF J Fu u t_w <Sb, u u
_by o J Jt# wu J <w Ju < tu u f< Ju < ybg bt u <yu,
bu F tFbw Jt# Fu wbs N <k FS Ju < <y, F w F $

()

1586

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y tu* C#bJ Nb<_Sw F $ < Fu F FS Nu tu <yu FC `C Ju t >w,

wu Jf@R C# w F* Jw $$12-28$$
o< fC<]tg CT Ju o t _` CTu* u C#uJ fu* Ju J
Nyt J J u@ J <F, u* JFwu F* $
tw Ju Jd u CT bwt t tu* <JJtu* u <bJ J u@ F*
Jw, bF <by Ju C# w F $$29$$
f wJ f C#u* J t NI > F* Fuw, wf wJ Jnu* u* u <J y C#
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NI Ju Jd f@ tu* n y $ tw JF f@ F* FCw NSwg b` f@ FCw
F F $$30$$
ou NI F tw f@ F, J <b<W N<w Ntw[bI u F Fuw F, F
<wu FC aF Jwu F* $
Fu tFtg, " f@ t* f] F' o J J <Wyw tw Ju F N fu
f- f@ t<Hu $ Nw# u <btCw Fuu Ju < Nt u N<tJ N<
t_w wu* ywg Ju Nt_bR F t<Hu $ o wF tH u Nt<ww <J
b_wC Ju Fu u CT < tCw Fu w F $ <u o wF J I F* F N u tw
tu* F Nb<_Sw Fw F CT Ju < wu _ba Nt F wJ t_w f@u* Ju fu* J
<t Fu w F $$31$$

bb y tw

fub y
JCR<d n <wt<d N J Ju C N J <b_w u wbd $

<<b u JF # Fu ubC`, <wt<d Ju @J wS <b Ju FS Ju f@

N< J u JS Nu <w <J F, u <k tuu tu J> Ju, u*<J bF tuu
` u JC~> <tw-Cw- F, o wF J bu<w u Nu <w <J <J bF tuu I
J _bR F $ > u JF # g, NJu R | tu* <WR bu* Ju t*u
bSI <b<` JSR <` J Jub u F * S, Nf u t*
R <b<` bdu u (ayu* u) ay F F , N _ba Cw < <wt<d Ju @J J
t*u Nu bd <J F bF N F F* $$3$$

y - 90]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1587

"Jbg JC#' o sd tu JFu F, bu f Ntu* |>wu F* $

< wF ybg Ctu Ju w>u* Ju <bT tu* w[bI F* wF N u* Ju <bT tu* wu
w[bI F* F, <JwC Ntw[bI tu* wF <bZw F* F*, < wF tu* S $$4$$
fwou wu F, bF <wt<d J F, <Ju @ tu* t* bW F , u JFwu F* $
Fu @u, NJ<`t by Ju F N <wt<d w <J Jw F, u*<J by F
t-N<wJ dJtw F $ <wt<d u Fuw F ? $$6$$ Fu @u, @ Jwu FC
NJ bF by <] Fu CJ F, u ywg Ju <] ub-Nu* u uJ <F^y
Ju wJ Ju ub Ju wCh~> J uub wS u Ju J y J uwu F* $$8$$
_bu u fFCw tu* <_Sw N tuu NZt tu* <bZw Ju < uu N yu F*, u Jh~>, y
Nub J bC NJ tu* N W Ju $$9,10$$
NFaJ J y Fu u Nb<> F d_bR tCTS Nu-N
tu* swg _kCw Fuu yw F, o< by F tus <] FCN $ t F
<wt<d F $ <wt<d <t u J us JJu <J N b_wC J NbuTd
F* J <F, F JFwu F* $
u tut` Ju w Fu u a d f_bR Fu w F, u<J N
wu tu|u* u Nbw NJ J o y N Ny Ju <bJvu* u Nbw F*, u*<J "t*u f JC~>
~>un <' F N<t wu N Ntu* f F F $$11$$ <bJvb Ju F Jd wu by Fuu
NJu N wJ N<bb f FCN F <J F by <] tFu _bR N
t_bR F* F $ tFg wu Juo fFCw w <J N F F $$12$$ o <w u
aJvyFd Ju b<]yw Fu u NJ bF by nJ JF* wF y, < wF
N@ u ay bsu* Ju <F u Ju s bF u nJ JF* N` <bw u tu* NZ
u Ju < u wu F* $$13$$ CT J y Ju <] Fu Jw F, u <w Ju w<J
Nw F $ b Ju _ u Cw bs tu* <w Ju Fu Jw F $ $14$$
()

tFw N< tu* ybg yn J F JS <] F $

1588

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[<bd-Jd b@

<Wy F tC by F, u<J <w Ju Fwu <W J y Nw J<> F $ <W u

wu Nu aJv ywg Ju F f>u < F, o< Fu g, N Nu <JJ y
<] F* <J, o N< u JFwu F* $
<w Ju F <W JFwu F*, oJ t aJv F $ <w Ju _kCw Fwu <W J
y Ju Fu Jw F ? Fu @u, wu* ywg Ju Ju N@w <W Ju sd tu* F <w u
yFw Fu u <a by J <w Ju Fu Jw F ? Fu g, u yb Ju s Jfw
N< Zbd u nJ JF* u wu F*, bu F NJ y NwJ aJv Ju yFd u
nJ y F $$15-17$$
nJ y F y by Ju k <<ww Ju uJ tu* y, F us
Jwu F* $
Fu* S Ju Ju f N FCN NJ y <w Fuu u NJ J>
<<ww uJ y, u*<J <t`d uJ fC y d <w Fuu bF
C# F* uw $ w F F <J s<w Ju I tu* <f <t`d Ju FCu FC J
Fuu f NS <w <] F F, wf Fu* SNu* u fCu u Nu FC J
Fuu NS J <w Fuw F, otu* wu JF F ? <J N FCN bF Nb
C# Juy F, otu* w<J uF F* F $$18$$
Nh~>, wu Nf N tCHu F fwou <J J J bF J C>Jn S, Ju t u <w FC tu* <w<f<fw t tu*
Bt J b f@ w F bu F Nu C# Ju FuwC Fuu u C#R w tu* F
"tCHu F y F' u b f@ F $ Fu b u by J N<wuy u
Jt J ~>u bCw Nw w J u <J Nu J F, bF <fJC S F, u*<J
N< tu* yF, @, N< Ju y u, Nw tu* k J N<w u N t tu* bb, w
N< Ju Fu u bF Nw <bTt (aJ) Fu y F, Nw# bF Jt` C# Ju < F F $
N<tw N uubu N C by Ju ~>unJ <tw N C# w N< b_wC
tu* u CT bW Fuw F bF >, N<tw Nt_bR J <b|wJ Fuu u, Nt|w JF
w F $ ay | Ju N Cw w_ C#u* u wS C#u* Ju S Jw Ju uJ
NI u f@u FC Nu by J N JJu ou <k <] F* <J $ Fu @u, <w<
Nyu f Fu C#u* u u FC R f@ u <w <JJ N bbtJ f@u*
u f@ yu F* $ w, bw, @ N< J NJu <yCd <w F $ o< t* wu u tHw F <J
Fu u NCb ubu CJCt CTu* J bb f@ u N<@J C# F $ t*u
<wt<d , F wu N Nh~> wF tH CJu F*, wC Fu @u, (F tH <u <J)

y - 91]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1589

N wJ Nu _k<>J J J C>Jn F* $$19-26$$

buw <wt<d Ju @J Ju ` J tw J aF Jwu F* $
Fu u` tFwu, o wF <wt<d Ju J JS Ju t NJu ` Ju t*u Nh~>
wF J> J <, Nf N tuu JFu Ju NC _btub N fC<] u <t fu b_wC
J w[bw# <bJ by w-o tu* <wt<d Ju t <u <uT t<Hu, Ju
Nu <WJu Ju w J k<ww d<w tu* FCou $$27$$

fub y tw

ofub y
w[bIJ by J <<] Ju < <bybWwR >w J
<<b Ju ` tu* tb $

> u JF # Fu , dw[bfu@ Ju < Nf N <b Ju FS Ju bWw J

<b_t Jub <bb<W C<u $ <bb tu* Fubu < FS J t*u Nu Fu
bd <J S, bF o <Sbw N F F* $ FS Ju u ku u w F* bu F NJu
b N <bbuJ F* $ FS J NJ<w tu* FS Jnu tu* w u bF tFbw <_Sw S,
bF NJ NJ<w tu* w NJu C# uub NJ NI F $$1-3$$ Fu g, N
Nw <w FS Ju Fwu FC Cf twR tFbw Ju J C# u u
C# tu* wS J u u tu* FCu Fu F* $ u tuFb u FS f@ y S, u
N u u uJ t_wJ wJ NbW FC (f@u yu) N F F* $ N wu uFu J
a u fJ aJ, > w F,
wC wd wu fw F w F $$4-6$$
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<w J F S, wf FS u) ou <w Ju <w J Fd uwu F* $
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Jw tu* NJuu f@u FC J> Ju < NJ <w J F S $$7$$
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<w J w JFwu F* $
u Nu `C Ju Za f@ Ju FS u wun <, bF Nu uy<t NJ^>J Nu
J y J < $$8$$ Fu @u, J<wg N Za f@ J u F tu* Fu
Jw F, wC uyu* J N J <bd o t u F tu* F* Fu Jw $$9$$
" wUt Jd# <#' (<y F bF Nu d-Jtu* u FS J <
w J) ou u JF y F bF NI tu* <wu F* $
()

F NI tu* uwb J Nu JJu JF F $

1590

Z uyb<> tFtd

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FS Ju f@ wun uu u tFbw <y n S bF NJu ~>un uu NI F

<y y S $ f <bw CT uyu* J N ~>un u Fw F wf NI, J>u Fu bs
Ju Fu bu < J o, f Ju yw F $ f <bbuJ CT uyu* J <fJC y
J f> w F wf NI, bs J> u < J o, y w F $ uytF Ju tCw
Fuu NI J a<_S<w bu <y w F*, u bs Ju Nu u J> u Ju f
FCN <<nu* J |u* $ < t N ay Ju u, t Nu NI Ju | J
<, u<J | FuJ <yu FC Ju Nu w[bI Ju t Ju yR tF >gy u t
F* > $ w F F <J t NJu > Ju <wZbd Ju f w[bI Ju < J
fFCw C Nb <t S, u<J Nu u u < $ F Jd F <J NI u <k
>J NJu J y N J _td JJu o w#aR (<b_ww wR)
yF yu tu* NJu i>Ju < F $ J y Jwu t F | FuJ <yu FC NI Ju
< Nu u t < Fuw, wu t <fJC > FCN bF NI NJu u* wR
yu tu* i>JuJ F* tw $$10-16$$
" wba Ju' ( tFbw u yu y>gu J <td <J) o <w J w JFwu F* $
Fu g, FS Ju `C tFbw u u yu yu J <td <J S, bF NJu NI u
wR d C#u* J J yu y>gi> N<w <J F $$17$$
" ty y>t' ou <w NuJ y> u* tu* Cw Wt
ty Ju _ R u fwwu F* $
Fu Zu> g, u FS Ju `C J Wt ty F, bF NIR J Nw#Jd
tu* u* Nu |tub <w F N bF F* N $ Fu @u, y Fuwu FC N w <bbuJ
u yuB F* $ o | ay tu* o NIR `C tFbw u NJu wR ygi>u tu* fFCw
| ku*J < F $$18,19$$
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u J u i>J <) oJ _>R u w JFwu F* $
Jut wNu* u u yu y>gi> i>J F bF NJ wuC# F <w N< yCdu* N u*
Ju tytu* u Sun- NbW F $$20$$
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u C# tFbw u FS Ju CR u f@ <, u N f< Ju y tu*
Nb<_Sw F) o aF J w JFwu FC aF Jwu F* $
Fu , o wF N N<wd N C#J wR J tu* N uu f@u FC
Nb<_Sw F*, u ww tu* f< $$21$$
JFu JFu yu fJu J tu* <tJ JFwu F* $
Fu g, N F* y; N F* a, `C tFbw F tuF, y w_ tu* NyF F y>gi>,

y - 92]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1591

<b F F tFw $ o wF NJ bWw t*u FS Ju N JF < $ ou

Nh~> wF J w_R y>gi>u u <JJ Nu `C Ju Ju J
Jwu F*, | J<u, u tw J<u $$22$$

ofub y tw

ffub y
JCR<d > J u fwu* CJ by tu* w FC u b N< J y
J w_ tu* uy Nu d u* Ju N< tu* Hu*J <-F bd $

"f N ay Ju u, t t<h~>w FuJ <yu FC NI Ju Nu u F* t'

F u Nu JF, F >J F, wC t tCHu t_y J <Ju u < ? <J
<J t*u us J ? o J J aJ J wJ J F JCR<d > JFw F $
> u JF # Fu g, <w<Cd > u, wF I J
< S, t F $ bF u-u JFw N Jw F, bF f F
Fw F, Nw# NJu N Ju S J NC> J <F S $$2$$
NtfC] <a bug yCfC] <buTw# $ fC<] Ju JS J F* <J, wu <k by J F dR
u NZ u* F* < ? $$3$$
<]# by# @u aw_wb $ bJwyg<w<b_btu_wS $$ (Fu @u,
@ J Fu NJ bF by <] Fu CJ, u ywg Ju <] <F^y wJ Ju
ubu Ju wCh~> J uub wS wu F* $
Fu <, < ~>un, |f ~>un, J u ~>un <, ~>un ,
wS< N JFwu F* <J Nu by F* <J, F u* ? $$4$$
"Juba byu u<TwFat<w_b' (Nu by tu* Jub N<tR NC N< Nb<> yF J dR u

1592

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

y J <u u <J wF <bbuJ w J NFaJy<S wun JJu F d f_bR

Fu uy-u uw FCo @u-@u < y N$
Fu g, @, , yF, , <t, ~>` N f@b - u f NJu wu F* F F*, <k
NJ by FCN J ? w F <J u N f@ N f F J y Fuu
by J <<] Fuy, wC < wu NJu f@ F* N f F*, u*<J " N<
tuu F*' u Jv J F NFaJ F Nu Ju oJ _bt tw F, Nt F* tw; Nw#
N tu* f@w Fuu u NJ by <] F* FCN $$5$$
NFaJ tu* w u Nt F < fJ _bt f f> F, < N F JFu*, wf wu
J Ju y u by <] Fu uy, u Ju y u F* $ N Nu wu NFaJ J
y N wJ <J F F*, o N u JFwu F* $
Fu g, fu Wt y u NJ t NFaJ F bF wu N wJ Nw F F $
J dR u y J N uJ Fu*yu $$6$$
J<Sw N Ju J < J F N tH Fu F* <J t*u Fu
N< J y J < F, o< o t < J f@ Fuu u bu y Ju ` F*
F F* N bw, bs N< J o t f@ Fuu Ju Jd Ju y Ju <f by J
<<] F* Fu Jw, F JFwu F* $
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yCvt N F, o< oJ t* y Jw F $ tF
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b<> u JF # Fu Zt, u JFwu FC JCb u fu<@w <wu<B b

y - 92]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1593

<<b u <tuT JJu tu* _kCw Fu F NZt J N ttw Ju C]

a<bwg u J @u >, < J b _kCdt` u @w F $
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_S, yCvt, dJC> N u w - u f wu NJu JC~> F* F*, <k NJ by
Ju <] FCN $ fu Wt y J wu N Nu y F F* <J F, J dR u
yJ N J> NuJw Ju w Fu*yu $ < N< wu tuu f F*, oF*Ju Fu ~>unw
F $ tF b<> u JF # Zt, F JFJ N<bsC@t<w, t wS C]t bF
< y, < wF bw Ju Zay u wgJ
tu| $$14-20$$ Nu N <_Sw bF JC M<T tCJCw FCN <<
f b_wCNu* Ju Nu NZt Ju w u J Fu* J F yF wF <, <
wF tCB Ju J <t w <Sb u N< Ju Ju $ Fu* J yF JJu
J<nu* Ju N< Ju wF b<w <J, < wF N <Jdu* u aJw
Jwt<d Ju _S tu* N< Ju $ ^>u N< f b_wCNu* Ju N< tu* ~>unJ bF
Nu N wF N Fu y, < wF tbw Ju <@ tu* ybg ub
_bb<w N< tu* a J FbJ Ctu < N Fu yu Su $$21-25$$
Nf Nst ~>unu J oh~> u <Ju yu J Ju u J uT F J F
J Fu <u JJu wCFu* owu t wJ u bwR Zt tu* FC, u
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JwR <w Ju u u wCt tu J F* J Jw, o< wCFu* Zt u t*
<w F* tHw $ t* wCFu S t` ay tu* wS <Ju Fuub ~>u>-~>u>
<<]u* Ju S fFCw <u* wJ >Jw F $$26,27$$ Fu <, t*u NuJ @t_S u <u,
Nf <bZt u F F - F JFJ <,
()

s`t J t u tCt nw F <J F Nst _k<>J J S $

1594

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Nf F wCF J tuu b tu* Ju < f Fu $ Nf wCt Nu tJd t _bb

Ju un <, < wF J bC bwu* Ju
tCB u *J b< tu* ~>un uw F $$29-31$$
Nf Jt^>C ~>unu J oh~> J Fu <u, wCt C yu-t>u NJ u Cw fJ tuu < wu Fu $
wCF o C t` N <_S J t* Nh~> wF CJ J J - f
CJ J $ d @Cb J t N_ wCF* Fu $ Fu <t`, < N<S u uF Ju u<@w
J tuu Nu Fu, S u <k u Nu $ <t`, wCFu ty CJ Fu* $ F JFJ
t <C u < () $ u Juo Nh~> b_wC
Fu, bF <J tFt Ju u u <F N< tu* u <F, u <t F $ Fu N,
< wF t CT J fC<] N@uy<w Ju FuwC h~> tu* <yw F, wF wCt
Nu u h~> N@uu tu* F <ywu Fu, o< Fu N, wCF bF Fwy<w
<w F, Nw# _tR Fu Nu, F JFJ u Jut N Ju <W J C<]
Ju < wS fw tu* <bZ<w Ju < @@Jw Ny tu* ~>un < $$32-37$$ Fu @u, u
b_wC F J | y J u <F, u*<J <bt b_wCNu* u ayF
Ju u b_wC tu* <b_w <J w F, u uJ tu* b_wC<_S<w <] F; o<
t* o b_wCNu* Ju | F Ny tu* ~>un uw F $ < o fJu Ny J F f tu*
uw F, wu tuu byR wuT Ju < <fJC >J F $$38,39$$ Fu @u JC, t*
<<J Fuu Ju < <Juuy b_wCNu* Ju ~>un F F, o< tuu <Ju yu
by Ju <bT tu* <t`, wCt u J; u*<J o a tu* Nu b_wC Ju (<f Jt
Ju S Ju) J i>uwu-<kw F - Nu J JF* ~> F* Fw $ Fu Zt, F JFJ
d u` N< ^>tF Ju, u bb<b Ju u S, J F S Ny
tu* u wF Fb J <, < wF @@J F Jvw J Ny tu* J d a
Ju J F S Fb J uw F $$40,41$$

ffub y tw
<C <
S, Nf <k N< tu* u C] JJu <J J u Zu<` fd Ju u <, F "ub'
o< u tt nw F $
()

y - 93]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1595

<wfub y
ty J ~>un uu Ju < w <<b Ju uJJ
JC <Wy Ju < u u $

tF b<> u JF # Fu Zt, oJu f >J <<b u NI Nu

<tw t u aJv t<Sw JC>R CJ wdt< Ju < $ u JC~> b_wC
bF f y S* fJu - aw<W t <, o@-@ ku*J <, <J Ju u < wun-kunJ > J < $ Fu
Zt, Nu JF, Nw tu* u N yu> wS u` Ju F* Fu < $
< Cy
~>un-~>unJ NZt u J yu yu, < J N<F u Cw <J Zu>y u
Nw w FuJ tC yu ywu F* $ Jn Ju S f bF d ` N< N<
tu* F S wf uFt` Nb<>, _uF N wC> fuu y $$1-6$$
<unJ Nf tu* by fJ <_Sw Fu y F $ Nf t* Jub, C] C u Ibg
Fu y F $ ttwaJvCw ayFJt <tu* <_Sw F, u F f t <J Jt J ?
JFu J w F F <J < S tu* JC~> F* F bF tu* u u F* F $$7,8$$
b_wCNu* Ju y u u C FCN, J N< J Fu <>wu wu F*, u*-u* tu t t N Ju w
Fuw w F $ Fu ybg, t* <w w J F F, t _bR Ju w J F F N
 Fu CJu $ Nf t*u by <J $
Fu ubC`, u<u, Nf t* <yf F, <Jg F N <Nu* Ju t F <_Sw Fu y F $
J<F, tFy Ju u Nf N N<@J fJ f F ? $$9-11$$
f Su Ju yt` u, <w u fJ J o, < wF y F* <J $
by t tu* H>-t> J N< tw J< $ fu Wt y J wu N Nu
y F F* <J, <J y J N t <#uT <buJw Ju w Fu*yu $ tF
Zb<> u JF # Fu tFfFu, Fu bu Zt, F CJ tF<w u JC~> uJ
F JF $ < u* Ju tF u Cw wS wtat NJb F tu N by tu* fJ F y F, o< <k >J <f
<bP Ju o Ju yCw u <bRw tu* FCJ t* by Fu F F $ tF b<>

1596

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

u JF # Fu ZtB, F JFJ N ~>unu Ju < tu <_Sw J tu* <yu Ju

< u* F < J Hu*J u fu, u* F JC M<T fuu $ JC M<T u JF # Fu
g, u* o <@ uF Ju owu fnu aJ aJ tu* ~>un Fu F* $ N wu, NI Ju@
f Ju tt nwu F*, u Nu f~>nu Ju F tw F $$12-18$$
J Juo N@ F* F, F <wu F* $
F fu w_b wu n N tJt F $ ou NJ Juo N@ F* <J F, Nw#
S F o J y tw J $$19,20$$
<J N@ F, N <w Ju <wu F* $
u Jw tu* Nb<_Sw w_b Ju tW u fbJ ff su FCw F, bu F
o Nt Ju Juo F f f fbJ tW u su FCw F, Nw# bF ^
uu u F $$21$$
C N C# J <W J _S Fuu u N@ u* F* F, o JFwu F* $
C, C# N< J gb_S Fuu t` u N@ F* t Jw, u*<J
otu* >w F-kbg bs $ bC Nt_ (k N< J w) Fuu kbg bs
Ju N<t Nt J Juo N@ t F* Jw $ _ bC F, k, Ju
vb, C N< Ju fbJ <y uw F, o< bC J F N@ t <F, fuu @C
bs J N@ ? f, o wF @C u @C Nt J J N@ <J ? $$22,23$$
Fu Jtu`, J y Ju u wCF by <] F* Fu w, u*<J bF <bTt
F NSwg uFyR by Ju N<@J uF <tu Ju Jd I J b Fu F
F* Jw, o< J y J <ww Nu F $ Fu @u, N <@ o Ju
S F J tu* ku*J Fu F*, u*<J uF ~>un uu uFsuJ NFaJ J y <] F* Fuw $
tW FS u bs Ju sC@ Jw F bu F uF N< f JC~> Nu-N w Fu w F $
< J y F* Jwu, wu yCw N
w Fu w F ? JC M<T u JF # Fu @u, Fu g, uF Ju y u, Ju y u N
JC<> > J uu u by <] F* Fuy $ wC u t_w bNu* J NZ Fuu Ju
Jd btJ F, f <bTu* tu* <J FC Fuu Ju Jd u b F, aJv Ju
fJu Jt` Jdw bt J y J uu by <] Fuy $$24-30$$
< MTu, f yF ~>unu u N b yu u u
byw btJ b_wC F, bF btJ b_wC J JF w F, u J<F $$31$$ JC M<T u
JF # Fu @u, b NJb wS b, d N< tb (<<w J @w u

y - 93]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1597

btb N <J J @w u dtb) u <W F, F b u JF y F $

F <W n F, Nn F, <JwC NuJ tu* u w F $ Fu g, N <W Ju F t
<u, <W Ju F bF Jub CT t<Hu N <W Ju F y < $ F <W
F btJ b_wC JF y F $ Fu tFwu, < wF bs J f bs F wF F t
N<, uF N< wS NZt N< fJ f F $ Fu , fJu fw t J y Fu u
fJ <fJC y Fu w F $ Ju y u by J ab F N Ju Ny u
by J ab F* F $ Fu g, t_w @t N@t, ay N< - u f <W
CT Ju < Jub C#R F F* N <WF CT Ju < wu u fJu f t C_bR F* $
d ywg wS uF< NJ Ju tFR u F f <W F wF dw Fuw F, <
wF bsR u f dw Fuw F $ < wF b u bs, J u bw N uF u @*J
a<w Fuw F, wF <W u F uF a<w Fuw F $ d bu* Ju uy, , td
N< uF Ju @tu N tFtC<u* Ju t, t N< @tu J C <> N <W Ju F u
b fJ fF _S wS J bF< NJ Ju tFR u dw Fuw F $
bF Nw#Jd w, fC<], tFwg,NFaJ, d N It o< <J Ju NCR tu* u uJ tu* JF w F $ Fu tFwu, <J <W F f JC~> JF y F, Nw# Ju w
Fu u u t_w N<@ N <@ J t J g, <W Ju y Ju by JFwu F*, o< Fu tFfFu, Ju <] Fu
u tSw t_bR S J NCb F* Fuw ? NSwg Nb F Fuw
F $ <W Ju w Fu u J<by Ju N<bb J R w N Jd tu* <wub
J JtR u u* Nu u Ju w Fu w F N t w, _bh~> wS <t J
Nb<> F w F $ <W Ju F o aR @ J uw JFwu F* $ < uw NuwR tu*
dw Fu wu @ J <W JF u Fuy ? <b<` u>Nu* u Cw F <W F b N
Nb J NJ @d Jubu Su Ju R u wF dw Fuw F, < wF
wayR u dw Fuw F $ Fu wu, <WR by u b f JC~> Nh~> wF uu
w <J Jw F, u t u $$43-47$$
bF by <h~> Nt J yFd Ju <] F* Fuw, o N u JFwu F* $
Fu y , <h~>tJ NJu by J <bT u N F, bu F NJu y
uubu <J u y Ju y Ju <bT N F* $ u tu* J F NtR u N
yFd J Fu F*, ou NJ by <] F* Fuw $$48$$
N<h~> Nt J yFd Ju wu N F f J Nt >Fwu F*, o< <J u
Ju NJ y Fuu Ju Jd Ju<> tu* N N f by Ju yu*yu, wf

1598

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

fJu Nu N@ fJ yFd J F <, F JFwu F* $

u tCwk w Ju Nu N J uw F bu F un F F u wu fJ w F t , <k f Ju N@ fJ @ Ju
Fu*yu, o JFwu F* $
 ~>unJ bF y < b_bR Fu
y F, wS< Ju ~>un y ywg-N NZ <tu Ju Jd - J NZ J
bFw W_k<w w Jw F, o< bFu* J <> u <`J tu* Fubu f
Su Ju bF w Jw F, u* JF w F $$50$$
o< by Fuu fJ f@ Fu u Ju Jd tS<> u N<wJ _uF J
s Fuu u fCHu FC J J >w wS byw_bR J u<w u d bFu* J J
Fuu Ju Jd bF<> u w<Fw J J >w JFwu F* $
w<Fw J J o <bd Ju w FC un <,
w<Fw J J o Jt u<w#_bR u fJu J<w <J $ wt fJ
y JJu u w<Fw J J o <bd tu* Nb<_Sw Fw F, bR Jt bF
w<Fw J J o Jw F $$51,52$$
by tu* w<W J bd Jwu F* $
< d b_wCNu* J y J uu u NJuu N Nb<> F yu F* bu F fJ
y J uu <bIt F J Nb<> F w F $$53$$
<> <<w Nu u N<ww F, Nw# u N J- CTS <] Fuw F, o
JFwu F* $
Fu g, t_w b_wCNu* Ju u u N N F* FC, bu F by u
Fuub t CTSR tus Nu < F* Fuy, u Ft JFwu F* $$54$$
CTS Ju w f au* u Fuu d a<bu* J tu* Nwb F F,
o< tu* J <w F* F, F JFwu F* $
t_w au* J y J uu tJ FCN bF <<w_bR tus d a<bu*
(Iu*) J NZ J F, < J Nw, , , B, s` N< ubwu* J
NZ_S F NJ F $ byR J Sun N_b uu CT Ju -td
J <w wF <J J J f@ F* FCw*, < wF Nay N NJ
Ju Juo ><J (~>u) <J wF J f@ F* FCw* $ Fu g <u <t
_bR_k<w w Fuw F tF[b J Jd by F F $ <J N fJ y J Fu
F*, o< NJ fC<] tu* fFCw _Sw N F F $ by F t F, oJu

y - 94]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1599

I Ju <w uF N< J W Ju Jd Fuy, o JFwu F* $
NR u <w Fuub N< b_wC J W u I uu Fuw F () u
bC J u u bs< tu* a $ NFwI_bR <W J f < <w u uF<W tu*
N[b t* F* w (Nw# bF N[b < <w u w Fu, <w J tCHu u
<, F Jw tu* J b F) $$49,50$$
o wF ~>u yu JC - <bTJ u I J <W Fuw F, o wF J u t
< FCN F J <bd Ju Ju < uF< Su tu* [b F* F,
u* <wI Jwu F* $
JC u JF # Fu g, < uF< b_wCNu* J W Fw wf wu NJ N<tw I Nu
<<tWw uF< NJb Fuw uF< NJ u I J <W Fuw, <JwC uF< J
W J Nb Fuu u bF I <J*<bTJ Fuy ? NSwg f uF N< J W F F* F wf
I J <bT Fuy F J ? NSwg I <<bTJ F Fuy $$51$$
s @ Fu Fu uF< J N Ju N Jwu F* ? u* <wu F* $
<w u fwwu F* $) N J<Fu wu, J wt Ju Fu Jw F ? $$52$$ Fu tCu, FS,
N< u aCw wS <J-kR <b N< u t<bw Ft uyu* u NCw Fu F
F Ju F* F ? $$53$$
<wy_w @ FC Su tu* < Fuu Ju Jd Jt` <@ u Su J
W J <d F* <J Jw, <JwC Jdu* Ju <bt Fwu < J J <@ Fuw
F J W t w F N bu Jd otu* <bt F* F*, F JFwu F* $
JC u JF # Fu <t, o a tu* < J J Jd <bt F* F bF J
N N<_wb F* w, <k J I wu <bt F F $$54$$ <f Jd Ju F R
J F* F Jw $ < B J f F* F J <W JF J Fuw F ? $$55$$ Fu g,
<f Jd Ju u J tu wg J o NCw Fuw F u tywd Ju uubu Ju
<bt u t<H $$56$$ <tt u <w FC N< Ju N N<bt F <u,
u*<J N<@J tC Ju F tywd @ F* Fuw $$57$$
wf u uF N< bC` J uF J o Nw Nwg F Fu*yu, F <<b
NaJ Jwu F* $
<<b u JF # Fu tCu, NBq u B<ff N< Ju Jd J <o n wu
<<tWw N< b_wCNu* J W u _ba I , u N< yu J |
tu* <<Tw @wCNu* Ju Bb J o, N< NJ u <w Fuw F, F w F $
()

y - 94]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1605

Cw F F, <JJu tu bC` Ju u Nayu* tu* NTd u<w Fuwu F* ? $$58$$

"Na ubb_Subb<_Swtg' o< ZC<wR td Fuu u wS b F <bu* J
NCb Fuu u ba Jd J <Rd Fuu u F NJu J yo N<W o> F, u
JC JFwu F* $
JC u JF # Fu g, N< N<_SaR F J <f Jd Ju F NCw Fu F
F, o< Nab (<Ju ) Fuu Ju Jd ou N<bt F <u $$59$$
o<wF, NCt, Nw CTu* J <w wS NCyw _SR FuwC N< td u o
J Jd <w wu Nb Iw F, <k oJ N Ju N Jwu F* ? u* <<b
NaJ Jwu F* $
<<b u JF # Fu tCb, FS, N< u Cw <w< <o u Fu o
J <w Jd Ju F* F ? $$60$$
J Juo W F* F, uu* tu* J F tR u yw F, o y N< u
Cw JC M<T W Ju <k JFwu F* $
JC u JF # Fu g, Jd J Nb Fuu u tC <w F* F $ u S Nwg u
FCN Fw F bF NBq F JF w F $ Jw Su J Jd f JF w F $
Fu g, o a tu* <f f Ju NaJC F* Fuw $ o< < J J Jd F* F
bF J f J Nb Fu u F* F $ u J I tC Ju Fuw F bF wu <fJC <bt
F $ Nb F u b_wC f F bF F F F* $ Nw# J u tC Ju I Fuw F bF - u
B, t<t tu* N bC` J Ju t - fC<]<bt F $$61-64$$
y N< Ju tH Fu <R bF F^y C`, <w N <wtF N< d <>
N t<>R _Su* J <W tu* Jd u* F* F ? $$65$$
J Jd fw Nw J<> F, Ft JF F* Jwu, NFw, F <t F wf <wtF <F^y u Jd F, bF F F F* $$66$$
"u uba bugb <bb<@Ju u tF<T# $ <F^y w ta u ub#
C _t aC<w $$' (u tF<T B d ubwNu* J b N Lb F, <bb tu* fu
Zu> wS u Fu Fu <F^y Ju uw F bF ub Ft uyu* Ju C _t<w u aCw
Jw F) o< t`bdu tu* J J wS Fu Fu Ju J<> u u F
ob Jd <] F F, <k J N Ju Jwu F*, o NaJ J F Jwu FC

1606

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

y N< Ju uwu F* $
>J F, < ob F wS< t Nu tu* u J u Jv J F Nw# t
t Fu u Ju Jd NR u <o u F bF <wtF ob u N F*
F $ < N ~>u* <J u u* ? wu oJ W Ft Nyu J NJu fwu*yu <J
_bR <a Ju dt Fuu u bF Jd F $ uT tu* ta n Ju F J
Jd JF nuy, u*<J N tu* NS<JJw F bF tywd
J o <wR F Nb<w Fuw F, u*<J bF <fJC ttJ F $ o wF tu C<wd
<w u <w - <wtF Ju wJ F d J f@ <t F, o wF Ju wCFu
<wJ fu@ u - J bu Nw fo yo <_S<w fFCw F> yo $ Nf
u <wt`R u Nb<> Na F J w[bsJw NJu u uJ
t Jw F $$68,69$$
w NS J F ayF J aF Jwu F* $
Fu <t, tu JF yo C<w u <<w u <ww <J N J W Fuu Ju Jd <Bq
F F ub<@ub buw ob <F^y u uJ _wfw <>R u u _kCw
Fuw F bF <tJR u Nu _bR tu* F _kCw Fuw F, NdCt` wu <J u J
Jw F N _ba <J u u <w Fuw F $ u _ba Nu-NJu Nt,
_bR, N< t N Ru* J Jv u "b<d R<d <b< @u t<
Jb<b_wu' (d Ru* J tt Fu w F
<J F t_w wa w f F Nb<_Sw F $$70$$
fub y tw

afub y
N<b J <w J wS NtI u < <bZ<w J bd $

Fu F u JF y S <J F a tywd Ju <wR F ww Fuw

F, o F aJ Fuw F <J F >w u <fJC Nayw F, u*<J tywd u
_ Fuw F wu J F Fuw F, <J wF tu* NS<JJw F F* N o
a tu* wu f wF J NS<JJw <] F, u* Jwu F* $
< F a <w<w

y - 95]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1607

Fuw F, bF < tR F, wu bF NS<JtS N C# J Jd Ju F, ttJ b_wC wu

NS<JtS N C# FuwC <o F* nw $$1$$
aJvb u <J y <tw NS-<JtS N C# J J Fuw
F, F fw ub NCu* J t u <<tw , N, FS, |un, u N< tu* f <] F
F, wf yb J t u fu yu a Ju < wu JF F ? o N u JFwu F* $
JC u JF # B, F u <>R ywg J <w F, tu* <du* Ju w Jtu
J uySw Fuu u, NJ J<Sw d Ju NC NS<Jt N C# N< J
FuwCw F, u*<J aJv tt J b F wwg-wwg NS<J<R u wSJ<Sw
<> tu* dw FCo F, otu* >w F - $ u tu* sw > fu J uw
F F*, wC w Ju Jd SR (fkR) fu FC tu*, |J Ju f _k<>J
N<R tu* dt Fu u Rsw, > N< f u J NS<J <] F $ f F
J o ttJ <> Ju <bT tu* <F $$2$$
F Jd F <J IU Ju J Jt u tNI J <Sv Fu u ywg J
Jt# tw Fu u u NI Ju S-S ywg J Fu w F, F JFwu F* $
< NI I< Ju NU u <<S Fu y, wu J J NI<w ttJ
a > F Fu y, F I<u* J tw F $ u*<J NI J u <J J tu* F* Fu Jw $$3$$
NI Ju <<S f uu tu* Jt` Jd F-o<B<u@ Ju NU u fb<Wu* J
<<SJd, F JFwu F* $
t_w fJ b<Wu* J u Ns F, bF Jt# w[bI Ju t J
sJ Fu u o ttJ a J <w tu* Jd Fu w F $$4$$
uJ tu* NsbJ F _S bu* J Fu w F, F JFwu F* $
Fu g, o NIJt u F dw_bbbu N N< CT F* $ Nw# F a
tywd J o Jub t Ju _bR tu* <w FuJ Nb<_Sw F, F N < $$6$$
aJ Ju f aF J _wCw <bT J <yt Jwu FC JFwu F* $
b_wb tu* u <> fubu N< f <wtF F*, J W F F*, o< Ju
<<tw a J W Fu F Ju Jw F ? u b_wC Nwg b_wC u <] J w Fu, bF
<`J tu* <] F* Fu Jw $$7$$
J k <wu F* $

1608

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

Fu B, F u w-<> <o nw F, bF tywd Ju <t F <w FCo F,

o< C<w tu* wI Ju <b u F J <b Fu w F $$8$$
F Jd F <J ywg J _bR <w F F, F* - F JFwu F* $
Jd J N<_wb Fuu u J J W Fu F F* Jw, Nwg Jd u Nwg J J
u <W Fuw u w F, J _bR <tI Ju <b N Juo Fu F F*
Jw $$9$$
o< <b <tR u u y S NS<J Ju S _bR u ba<w Fu
w F, F JFwu F* $
<tI Ju Jd <o nub S <J J tu* N<_wb F* Jw,
JF* <Ju tywd u |nu u F* ? $$10$$
wf wu <wtF Ju <w <<buT f F Jd u* F* Fuw ? < JFu <J dt Fuu
bF N< Fu uy, wu F Cw F* F, u*<J Jt# FC f dtu* tu* NCb<W Fuu Ju
Jd |>b<R <w Ju J <w N Jw F, u* aJ Jwu F* $
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<J, N<b, buBb, b<w, <<buT f Jd u* F* F ? $$11$$
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u JFwu F* $
JC u JF # Fu g, C] <<buT f wu J F N Jd F F, u*<J
"wuwgf bttg' o ZC<w u bbR Jdb J N NbR Jb J <Tu@
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CT#' o ZC<w u J NCb<W J <Tu@ <J y F N J>_S J dt fu Ju
Jd bF ba u <tCw F $$12$$
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F JFwu F* $
f Jw F, Jt F N Jd F F $ J Juo <<tW F N Juo F $
tu* wJu J _S F N o<Bb<W F yt J Jw F* $ u <_S<w tu* N
fwou wu f <J wF Jd fuy ? f <@tJ Fuu u F < NJd F, wu ou bF
JbR sd @t u F Fuy $ u <_S<w tu* < N F b Ju* <J
JJdtJ ywg F F, wf wu bF ywg b_wCJwh~>u N u-J Jwh~>u u
<Fw FuJ <uJ_bR f F f y, F S-S b J < $ <k ywgb
N JJdw F F JF ? $$13,14$$
o <w u bRw J <w Ju Jd tu* w FC Jwb-uwb J <
J <F, F JFwu F* $

y - 95]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1609

u Nw, N<bIu, w, <bJ N JvdR F tu* JwCb N uwb <J

wF, <JJ, <Ju N <J t Fuy ? fwou $$15$$
<JT fwwu F* $
o< F ywg <Ju JC~> <J y F N oJ W F F $ d_bbbu
N Jw F* N uw F* $ F FS >< bF NJu f JC~> w Nt,
NtJ Jub f F f F, F <tuy $ Jd J W F F* F, o< F ywg
<JJ J F* F $ Jd J _bR Fu u u J_bR < uw F bF Jub
t u F, o< F ywg ttJ F F, F 
wu* J tu* Nwg F $ o <w u F ywg f <J J J Jd F* F wf N
t_w Su J NW <] Fu w F $ Su J NW <] Fu u <k I
<JJ N o <w u f I J F Nb <] Fu y wf NFaJ J Juo Jd F
F* Fw $ o <w u NFb J < Ju Ju < fwJ Nw tu* Nb<> FC
Ntw[b J NCb Jwu F* $ o< Fu g, N b<b@ tu* u <tCw ttCw F
F* $ f@ N tus J JS u NJu u F J F $$16-19$$
<> NS J Nu NCb u NCtu J Fu - C<wbJ Nu u < u* JFwu FC NCb Jwu F* $
< J Nb F, ou
Ju f <W N< J Nb F N ou NFw N< JC~> W F* wu $ o J
J <_S<w Fuu t* <t F F, bI F N <_bR F $ t* Nu NJu F dt Jw F,
u*<J <<w_bR u < u<bT F F F*, F Nu tCHu fw < $ NJ
fwo FCo C<w u <bbJ f Su J _bR u u "NFtg' N J
o <bsu FuJ Nb<_Sw F $$20-23$$
<_S<w J N<bJ aF Jwu F* $
Nw N F <J, u, J, J ba <JNu* u Cw F u ywg Ju Su J
<bw <> S bF |J Ju Nw w Fu yo $ Nf <bJ Jub f F f y $
Nf t* <w J NCb Jw F, tCw Fu y F, f Nu u d _bb FuJ <_Sw F, w
F, <w Fuw F N N_w Fuw F $ Fu ybg, t* u o R tu* F bu N <uJ
S<_Sw Nt_bR FuJ <_Sw Fu ou, u*<J J J <_S<w tu* NJ _bR
fJ t* t CTSR C] bd u Ny <<w C F fJ <b<w F $$24,25$$

afub y tw

<Sw Fuw F, bF b_wb tu* <Sw FuJ F <Sw Fuw F, F tFg N F $ NFa ytR
<<w F <> Ju N tu* N <<bJ, wuut N<Nw _bR ~>unw FCo F N
Fuw FCo F _ba w Ju Nw tuR tu* f w F $ ww _Sw J Jv
u N FuJ bF _bw# _ba J g-R a f w F $ ww <>b J
_bR @d J <w u ywg tu* w F uw F N tS tu* N<@> J w
uw F $ b N< wu* J b u b N< J Ju w f w F N b
u wsd R f w F $ Fu tFtg, w, _bb u F u* N NSu u <tCw,
Nwb u, _bJR NCbtJ, N<w b_wC t ba t<J NbuJR Fu
F ywg Ju <b_wR u ywg- FuJ Nb<_Sw F $$47-52$$

<~>fub y tw

Wfub y
b y tu* Jd F F* FCN F, F JFJ J t <J y,
Nf <<w Ju Ib J bJ t <J w F $

o J b y Ju fbu* uJ tu* JF y tCBway>w N J Nbw bT

t tu* uy F, u* JFJ J <J, Nf oJbu* uJ tu* w
CbdJ>J >w N Ju Nbw bT J J J <F, F JFu
Ju < JC NCb Jwu F* $
JC u JF # Fu tF, u N J u <h~> Cbd tu* o wF J J<vw J
Jt F J>J< Ju uJ Jb J <W J yo F $ w _bb u <bu
wu JC~> Fuw F N JC~> S F F*, u JC~> NFw N< ywg S w F, bF
Nt fR F F $$1,2$$
J NW u F Fu, wC J NW Fuu <bC] w tu* CbRw J
u w<w Fuw F, J <W Ju Fuy ? u* Jwu F* $
<<b u JF # tC<b, t* tw F <J NtJ w tu* NFw< C#C
ywg F* Fw, wC tu* u ybu <w Fuw F, bF <J Jd u Fuw F, u |
tCHu J<F $$3$$
NJ tu* <b_ww J tu* N_w y@by N< J JRw u ww Fuw F,
bu F Jw tu* tH <F, o N u JC JFwu F* $
JC u JF # @u, Nt ywg J <b_w Jub u N<@> Bq N< Nw

1616

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

f F, bF <> Ju I Ju fJ Nb<_Sw F, Nw# tu* N_w Cb <bC]

N<@>t`_bR F, o< bF ywg- JF w F $$4$$
o <bT tu* <bIb f]u* J F tw F - Cb N< <wu S F*, bu f w I
Ju dtR F*, NIb J fSbwg I Fuw F, b_wb tu* fSR F* F* $ ywt,
Jd N
F F* - o twu* J ^> J Fu JC JFwu F* $
B, wu <bIR NS F, f NS F N R F NS F, u*<J b<u* J
Jv I Ju Fwu F Fu Jw F*, I Ju Nb tu* F*, ow J Zbd J< $$5$$ < wF tu* Bbb w b_wC F, wF f Su
J w b_wC w F F $ < w t J b_wC F* Fuy, wu @J Ju Nb u f ywg
"F F* F' o J Ju u Ju < Nu Fuy, F N N_bh~> uu* _bbu* u Fw F, wu tu* _bh~>_bbt`w J b_S
Ju Fuy, o JFwu F* $
[bt` J u _bb F, bF _bh~>b F N [b J <b]b N_bh~>b F,
N_bh~>b Nu <bu@ [b J F Ju Fu Ju - uu* Nu u J <<] F F* F Nw#
[b N Ju <bu@ N_bh~>b ba N[b J, <wuy N bh~>u J Nb Fuu u,
N_bh~>w Fuu Ju Jd <<w tu* _bh~>b J b_S _bbw# <] Fu w F $$7$$
< aJ Fu <J N_bh~>b J bS N u* Jwu F* - _bh~> <Bq F N_bh~>
ywgb Ju <w Jd fu u F, u* Jv u* F* Jwu, wu o JFwu F* $
B, < w fR N_bh~> ywg Ju <w Jd fu Ju J <W F* Fu Jw, F
JFwu F* $
w Ju N Ju <f o <> J Juo <W F F F*, F u` Ju tu

y - 97]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1617

Jw F, bF J wF u NIb w| F _kCw Fu F F $ bF NFb, ywg N<

N SR u* u a<w- FuJ w F $$10,11$$
wf NJdJ F F ywg t , o wF Ju h~>b<s J < Jwu F* $
Jd J Nb Fu <J S tu* J F* Fuw $ ywg tu* <b, Jb
N< J u Fuw F, bF NJC Ju <bJvt` F F $$12$$
wf <Bq F ywg N J Jd <Bq F f F $ < JFu <J <Bq J Jw tu* F
J N F Jd, u* <by Jub J Fuy, wu t N F J-Jd J <by
Jubu Fu*yu, o JFwu F* $
|>, > N< y<wJ b_wC <Bq F* Fu Jw, u*<J y<wJ b_wCNu* J
Nbb F $ <<w J <<w u wu Fu F* Jw, u*<J J tu* < <<w J W
t , wu "<<w' J Juo <bT F F* Fuy $ nb_wC u <<w J F*
t Jw, u*<J nb_wC <<w tu* tS F* F $ < JFu <J <<w J <Bq
F F, Nw# Nu N u Ju J tu* u J Nus F* w, wu F Cw F* F,
u*<J <Bq <<w<b _bu<W N _b<wuy J JJ <J wF Fu Juy ? N
<W N <WbJ<J <wuy w uu* J w I J F* Jw $
N <W N <wuy Ju I Ju <b J _ba FCN, F F* JF
Jw $ s u _bu<W N _b<wuy J I wu Fu F* Jw, u*<J <<w J <bT
<<w F* Fuy, Nw# Ju buw <W <b N ywg tu* nw F <] F, o J ywg
tu* nw <] Fu u Jd J <Rd Fuu u Jd Ju <f < <W t , wu
F t N F wJR
_bJ Ju tu* NJu J n F, F fwou $$13,14$$
< f JC~> wJR F, wf <wg N N<wg u* <<b@ Ju Fuw F, o
JFwu F* $
@u, F <wg F N F N<wg F, o J J F u Fuw F bF Jub <W J
tJ<w F, JC~> F* F $ a tu* Jub <<w[b J F W F $ 
F* F, Jub Jvt` F $ Fu g, ou SW J Nb Fuu J b J
NW N <] Fu w F $ d bNu* J NW Fuu wu NJ NFb J
N<_wb Ju F Jw F ? NFb Ju Nb u <k fw F J F ? Fu wu F*, N uF

1618

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

Fubu, Fu <buF Fubu, Fu NuJ Su Ju f tu* Fu, wu bw Ju t N>R F F, Ntu*

JC~> <b<J F* F $ C] w<> Ju f@ u, n S J J< <<] Fuu Ju
Jd, n Su J b J Nb Fu u u b<w bR Fw F F*, Jub
_ba Nt F Nb<> Fw F $ "f f_bR F F' o< buSb u <w fsJ
Jub fR NS Ju F J<w Fu u <k fu <w J N<_wb F JF F ? $
f w J f@ Fu u Ju Jd N fR F F*, bF f <t, Jd N N u
tCw F*, bF bw F, <t F, N< N t u <Fw F $ bF J Fuw FCN NuJR
FCN F, b_wb tu* ywg Nwg N F $ y<wR <<w N<bJw f F F, Nw#
Nw tu* bF Nb<> Fw F, F w F $$15-21$$

Wfub y tw

Nl>fub y
<W F F F*, o I Ju fu Ju <<tW <bT J NW u
<W J Nb N Nw tu* NJuu wg f J W J <b_w bd $

J Ju Fwu F R N< J u J u w F, bu F <W Ju Fwu F <<w J

u S J J u w F, NS F*; o <_S<w tu* < fJb<WCw <W
f<@w Fu uy, wu Fuu u N@J Fu w F, bu F N@J Fu uy $
fw F F - u <W F*, bu F uw F* N u NW F*, bu uw F*, F uJ tu*
<] F, Nw# btCw < > <W Fu*yu, wu t<WJ Ju Nuw F Fu u*yu, wC
b u wu w F* $ N<wC <W Ju Fwu F <<wR tCTS-k-J
NCb <J Jw F, <W Ju Nb tu* F*, NCw Juo CTS F* Fuw $ <J*wC, J
Fuw F, bF F <J fJ <W F <W J f@ Juy ? F wu J F*
Jw, u*<J _bt tu* <J<bu@ F; F JF* F* > F <J J> N< b_wC J F J
F N< Nu-NJ F Ju $ s >J F* F, u*<J Ju f<@w
Fuub ywg J f@J Fu F* Jw $ <Wb<W u N<ww uJ tu* f@J N<] Fuu
u CuC J Nb F* Jw $ f wu N< F, Nw# bF fJ @J
Fuu Ju Jd f@J F* Fu Jw, o< <Wf@ <SJ, CJ N bCb u <b] F,
o< NaJNu* Ju < fu@ J w Fubu <wu F* $
< Fu, u J<F $ Fu bF C<w buw F Fu Fu Fu, u*<J N wJ
<W F* F, F Ftu wbJ F* F $$1$$
t_w uTu* J F J u C<w <W J f@J F, u JFu Ju < JC tC< <W J
N[b F N <W Ju N<@>w f J F Jub [b F, u* <wI Jwu F* $

y - 98]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1619

JC u JF # Fu g, <Wt J S <J J tu, <J u tu <J b_wCR tu* JF*

F F F* N u F <W- tt n F F, bF ft J N<bJ b_wC F F $$2$$ <J
d <W N< a NItJ F, o< J N<_wb F F* F, u*<J u NItJ
b_wC Fw F, J I u f@ Fu w F $ Nw# N<@> f tu* NFtg, btg, wwg o< J<vw
b> Ju F Jw F ? <un F F - _bt tua w <J<bu@ Fuw, f <J NIf@
Ju F Jw F F* $ Nwb
<k N@b N< uT Fu Jwu F*, u*<J NI F b@b J uJ F; NIf@ Fuu
_bJ d J NbuT Fu u <<w CTS <] F Fu w F $ <W Ju N@ w
F F*, <JwC N<w <<w Ju N@ w F, o J J w btCwu* tu*, <W J
Fuu F F; Nw# btCK Nuw F* Fu Jwu $ <W J y, wf <<w J N<<w
_b<bJ Fuu u J N<<w Fu F F* Jw, tu| Ju Nbd J Fu w F ? NSwg
F*, <<w f F Fw F, f F Jw tu* F $$3$$ u JC~> F <w ywg F,
bF JC~> F F F*, F < JC~> F, wu f f F F, Nw# <Ju <J wF $$4$$
w NS tu* " <u@u u<W#' o< ZC<w J tdR u ]d Jwu F* $
Jw Ju Nw Cd N< tu* <] u <> F, <> Ju N tu* F F <W
N< ywg F* F, o< t*u "F <W- tt' nw F, o< R u u JF*JF* <u <J F, bF Jub NJu fu@ Ju < F <J F $$5$$
Jw NS Ju @ tu* buw C<w tS F $
N< JdR u u <] F*, J N<_wb F* F N <wu bR u
<] F*, J N<_wb F* F, o< f Jd F* F N o ywg J Juo Jd
F* F $ u* NI<w <wR F ywg F, o< J <J J tu* W F* F $ Nw# F
u <o nw F, bF tJ f F F, F* $$6,7$$
< y N< b_wb tu* F* F, wu "wta _btJCw', "Ju b bwwt',
"Ja fa fFC@ # Ju<w', "Jw uw tFub#' o< ZC<w-_t<w-bu* J u ?
< F aJ Fu, wu J t@ F F <J "uF <_w <J*' o ZC<w tu* Nu<sw <Tu
J td J Nww[b J C J F J u F, w[bSw tu* F* F, o
N u JFwu F* $
u ub t<Fw N <Fw F, fR ub Ju <bT tu* JF <J F ub o
NtJ ywg J <td Jw F bF wu CtJ F, F N b wu uyu*

1620

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

J NCb F $ u _bt ob F, bF <J, Nt N <J u u NFw Fuub

F, o< bF ywg Jw F, o< u w NSbu* J bI Ju <bT tu* <w F,
bF Jub F Ju < F F $$8,9$$
o J yC<W J N<<] Fuu <wIw NS J <<] N <] F, F JFwu F* $
Fu g, o uy u <W J N<_wb F* Fw, Fu @u, f ywg J F N<_wb F
F*, wf ywg Ju Nwyw <W J N<_wb wu Ju F Jw F ? $$10$$
ywg J NW tu* <bTu* J NW u <W J W F* F, F JFwu F* $
<W wu bt`R F, b wf Fuw F, f <J b_ b J Jt (<bT) Fu $
wC b J Jt u ywg F, bF wu _ba Nwg F, Nw# <W J N<_wb F JF ? $$11$$
wf <W< bF J <bT J F ? t u <Fw f F F, F JFwu F* $
u F _ba f_bR Nt Nu F _bR u Nu tu* _kCw Fuw F, Ju <W N<
t F* N u J J F $$12$$
"uwu <F bt`tg' o< uJ J Jwu F* $
Fu wu Jd Ju Nb u F F b J <bT ywg F F* FCN F, Nw#
<WRw No JF u ? $$13$$
"<a J<w' o< uJ J , tS<> u Ju k-bd tu* w F, u*
Jwu F* $
Nw# Jub <J_bR tJ tJ <bC] <bI F F _kCw Fu F F, o<
ywg J W JF u No ? $$14$$
tw[b<> u J Jwu F* $
tJ_bR <<wd tu* u JC~> N<b tR Sun- _kCw Fu F F,
bF <wg R d Ju Jd F F, Nw# N tu* <W F N ywg-<J F $
t_w NSu Ju Jub NFtg, btg, ywg o< u F <w<W (I) Fuw F,
bF b_w<bJ F* F, <JwC sR tCH tu* _b Ju <tR F w F $ <J
b Ju <bT ywg J NW Fuu u b J W F* F, o< btJ <W F
J, JF, <Ju N <J wF u Fu Jw F ? <Fu* w[bI F* F, bu F <W N
o ywg Ju Bq wu F*, b_wCw# <W Nwg F, J Juo NJ F* F N
Fu F FCN F $ <W o< Fu F* FCN <J y Ju N tu* F u
Jub Juo Jd S N uJ, N NCb u b_wC tu* N<w, Nw
N <_Sw J <W J Fu F* Jw $ J, _S wS <w|wu NJ<wbu o
ywg Ju uJ, N NCb u <] u u tF N< w <bJ F*, J
<Jd J u F* F, u*<J <Jd Ju tu* J u FuwC Fu Jwu F*, bu F* F
F* $ , NCb N buS <]wu* Ju <>w Ju u bu Jw N< w

y - 99]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1621

F* F F, F JFub tW F Fu Jw F $ <J fC<] tu uJ, N bu td

F* F*, bF Jub uJ J NZ Jubu Nwg bJ N< u Nw t F, Nw#
Ju J J Nbf F* J <F $$15-23$$
wf ZC<w tu* wfJdws J F Nbf J<, o JFwu F* $
J wS <w|wCw o ywg J JF* <J <w|w f Jd
F* Fu Jw $$24$$
<J f tu* Jdb J <w Jub ZC<w J w " wbtd<U#' o< fd u ywg w[bw# fR F F, o NS tu* Fu JF F
CJ F $ o wF fR u td ywg bF tu*, twRw J <>bu*
Ju tw tu* <] u J R F, wBq F*, Nw# bu<bu@ F* F, o N u JFwu F* $
Fu tCu, o wF N<]R u (NJdb<R u) td f F w_bR F $
o wF <]w Fuwu FC bF tu* ywg NS<J tu* tS F* F, F F* F N tS
tu* ywg fR F* F, F F* Fu Jw $$25$$
Nf t_w <><wJ ZC<wu* J N "u<w u<w' o< <><Jd Jub
ZC<wu* J w, <tJ, JFwu F* $
ou Na, <w|w<Fw, <J, <J, Nw, b u b Fuwu FC <a,
d_bb, w fJ-u F t_bR _bw# N J F, bF N _bR F
y-R@ ywg Ju R tu* f wJ NI Fw F wf wJ w F, F <>ZC<wu* J w F N bF Jsd Ju f "w[bt<' N< u* Ju NC Iw FCN wg
fR FuJ w-<tCw _bb tu* <_Sw Fu w F, F <><Jd Jub ZC<wu*
J w F $ fu@ u f JC~> f F f F, wu JF* ywg N< J I F,
JF* <W J Nb F, JF* <W N< F* N JF* w-u N< J Jv F F $
J y t_w ywg Bb<tCw FuJ <@, Nt, N<, _btR
S<_Sw gfR F Fu w F $ F u NI<u* uu yu R u Cw ywg F,
bF F N N F F, Nw# S<_Sw J bF J Fu N Wt J> Ju
byg N< u* u <tCw FuJ <_Sw <F $$26-30$$

Nl>fub y tw

<fub y
_Sd< u fu@ Ju C fu Ju < fC] FC
<<b Ju JC C# fu<@w J $

o wF fu<@w FC <<b-u I u d uF N< J f tu

NI > Fu y - u* uhd J <wu F* $

1622

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

< Fu y, tCHu _t<w

(<b_tw FC Nt J sJ) @ Fu yo, tu uF Fu y; tu fC<] <bZw Fu
yo, t* Ntbg FuJ Nf <_Sw F $ ybg, Nf t*u Iu b_wC J I J <, tFt
Fu y, tR tFtCB Ju J y; Nf t* w F, t* NFaJ_bR F* F, NtI
fJ b<b@ <bJu* u FuJ Nb<_Sw F $ NFu, N<w <J wJ t* by tu*
td Jw F, wC N t* NsC@ Ns _S Ju w FCN F $ Fu tCu, o wF
Nb<_Sw Fuu tu u NbfC] NFw<Fw u wu* ywg F* F* $ u JC~> F <w Fu
F F u t* fR F w F $$1-4$$
<<b JF yo fwu* J NCtu J Fu JC M<T JFwu F* $
JC u JF # Fu g, NJ JS F $ < <J tu* F ywg F F* F bF o
wF J "NFa btg' N< tJ y@b-y-bF J ? JF, <J <<tW u N <J
J Fu Jw F ? Fu g, N Sw bF Jwu FC wt, t tC< fJ
w y Ju tu* w FC Nbw_ Ju Nb<_Sw <Fu $ F f S<_Sw
w f-_bR F o wF Nb<_Sw F $ t* N F f ywg-S_bR NJt F F
F F $ F f a N< N Nw u <wgtJ<wtJ u Nt_bR
NJ F bF Nu J u w Fu F F $ u JC^> N< <buT<> Ju w Fu
u Cbdt` Nb<> F w F bu F y< NSu Ju w Fu u Jt` f F
Nb<> F w F $ u t<>-NFaJtJ _ba aJvt` F* bu F _ba <>-NFaJ
aJvt` F $ t<> N <> J f@ N tus-u uu* Jt# N<t N N<ty u <w Nt-bu Ju N@ FuJ b<_Sw F* $$5-10$$
Ju _>R u fwwu F* $
"uF N< t* F' o wF J aJv Nw <b f@ Ju < Fuw F wS "uF<R t*
F* F' o wF J aJv <bttJ tus Ju < Fuw F $$11$$
tus F, F JFwu F* $
Jt# Fu Fu f@-tus wS aJv< Su J <sw u _bR-I F bF
gf N Jbv JF w F $ NFaJI J NI tus F wS NFaJI F f@ F $
o< Fu g, "t* bF f F F, NFa S t* F* F' o wF Ju C] JbvtJ fu@ u Cw
FuJ Ntbg f ou $$12,13$$
C] JbvtJ fu@ aJv Ju s u <] Fuw F, F JFwu F* $
yg Iu tu* FuwCw aJv Ju yt` u tus J <<] Ju < NtJ aJv
Nu N F > Fu w F $$14$$
C] f Jd F* Fu Jw, ou Su J Nb F - Su J Nb
<<w Fuu u aJv J s Fu w F, aJv Ju s u NFab J s Fu w F N

y - 99]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1623

NFab Ju s u bb<R a J s Fu w F; Ju f Jt` f Nb<> F

w F, o Jt Ju fwwu F* $
Nw_bR F w F $ I u Fu u F yBq u
Nb<w Fuw S bF tSR u f F wF u Nb<_Sw S $ w[bfu@ u Juo Nb F*
J> Fuw, <JwC f_bR _bb tu* <_Sw f F f u Nb _bR F J> Fuw
F $ (JRb) FuwC u u btJ b_wC F, bF bw (d)
b< Ju J o N <_S F, tu* <_Sw u ywg F, u bt<d Ju <tt
Fu* <w<ffu* Ju NJu* Ju Fu u tu <_Sw aJvy J u R Fw F u N NJ u
fJ Nw _bh~> wgNwgt o ywg J R t<Hu $$20$$
wf N f tu* ywg-_ J Ju Fuw F, o JFwu F* $
u b< Ju tu* <w<fftJ CT _ Fuw FCN _<w Fuw F
bu F _, t-<Fw w N ywg-S u <Fw o ywg Ju u uw F bF
uw F $ yg I J Fuu f R wS NwJ t<J Jv <#
F*, u Nyttd u u <_S b Fuw F Ju <bg uy <bd J FuwC
Fuu u <bd (tus) JFwu F* $$21,22$$
"yh~>S<Fwa # <w <w' F u JF F J >wbJ Jwu F* $
u _ bC, < NJ<buT u NJyw J NSb J>J<
<buT u Cbd F bu F ywg <J <buT u f F F, u b
Nb J <F $$23$$
"RuJt_J#' oJ Jwu F* $
fu@ u fR ywg Ju u f R wS NwJ t<J Jv, u ywg J
w<w Jub F; <ww NBq u Nb<w Fu w F* $ < wF tCB tu* NuJ way
N< wayS u <Fw t` F F*; wF fFCw- b_wC I J Fuu yS
u <Fw y Jt`f F F* $$24,25$$
"y' Ju NSw u J f@ Fu u <> N f tu* u F <w Fuw F,
oJu <wuJ u Jwu F* $
F <> F <> Ju NS u (u u) <Fw f F N f F <> F, u*<J F
bw "b <vba f' o ZC<w J bS F $ fJ faFd (<bJ) Jw F, o<

1624

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

"f' F, o J f J NS<W Fuu F uJ tu* yS J fC<] J yo F N

yS J a<<] Fuu y-t N R J <by (y)-o wF y-S
J <W Fuu <`<b@ h~>u J <b<W Fu u u "fF' @wC Ju NC f J NS
<Jw F, o< y N f uu* JSJ F F* $$26,27$$
wf N b_wC tu* f J b<W Ju Fuw F, o JFwu F* $
t_w b N t_w Sb u N<w C] <J F Nb<_Sw Fw
F bF f u JF w F $ Sunu h~>u J _bJ J uu "fF' @wC Ju NS tu*
aJu Fu uy, Nw# N u u JF w F bu F f u bF JF w F,
F b F $ NSb ywg- Ju f J u bhw NS F Ju uu Ju f
sd N^>SR ygI <] Fu u u Nb<> N, w Ntb_wC Fw
F u f< bd <bW Fu w F $ Fu g, w[bI Fu u F t_w
ywg_bR u S<_Sw F, bF N<w bTdR f_bR F F N < tu*
NI Ju Jd "t* btJ F' F I F* FCN, tu* JtJ _b_bR FuJ Fw
F F, o< f N ywg J J F W F $$28-30$$

<fub y tw

b y
f W u f Ju ywg J SJ W J <Tu@
wS t N< <bJu* u <Fw f J _bw# W J <b@ $

< f N ywg o uu* J J F W F wf W u f J o ywg tS

u* F* Fuy, <t b_wC Ju Jd J wu <Rd Nw J<> F, wC b_wC J
wCv_bR Fuu Ju Jd f Jd Fu Jw F, u* <J F, wf <<buT f tu* <_Sw tf F ywg J Jd F, u F t, tf N Ju Ju J <_S<w Fw F $ tS<> u wu F
d <bt ywg btJ w N N F F $ o bT tu* b<wJ tu* JF y F "N<b_w<btub b<bua JSa Cwu $$ N u wu F N<b <J wF C<w<]

y - 100]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1625

Fu F F* Jw $$3$$
Nt Fuu u otu* <w Nb Fuy, F JFwu F* $
u J Jd u Fuw F bF Jd Ju Fuw F $ u F F F* Fuw,
tu* Nuy F JF u ? $$4$$
u* F* Fuw, o JFwu F* $
Fu g , N fwou wu F, <J Juo f F F F*, bF Ju Fuy ?
f Ju Nb u bF f u* F* Fuy, o JFwu F* $
Fu g , u b_wC Nw N Ny F, tu* fw F JF >Fuy ? $$5$$
tu* f< FuwCNu* J Nb Ju F, < u aJ Fu, wu oJ W F F <J td u
<] Ju <w u N J F* F, oJu JFwu F* $
u N J Ju b u S Jd u Cw N td u y Fuwu F* $ wf wu f<bTJ
t tu* F <<tW N Jd <bT Fu*; wu F Cw F* F, u*<J <bu@ F, F JFwu F* $
< td J Jw N< JJt` J <bu@ f <bT F, u FuwC N Jd
J t Fuw F, F Ju fu Jwu F* ? $$6$$ <J Jw, Jt N Jd t u @d J<u $ bF Nyg <u* J <bT Nt ywg F $$8$$
<t`R t u F F ywg fR f w F N Nw[bJ t J <w u f
yB f w F, F JFwu F* $
<t` N w u J b_wC F bF t J <bT J w F, u F ywg wg,
w fR w F (wS f F Nw[bJ t J <w u yBq u NbfC] Fuw
F) $$9$$ Fu <Sbwu, <W J u NSb F bF f_bRF< JF y F, u <^>wu* u
_bCw F $$10$$
Ju _> fwwu F* $
Fu , _bb <W Ju tJ Fu w F, F JFwu F* $
yg Iu Ju FuwCw NaJvt` u NtJ aJv_bR <W _ba F tus<<]
Ju < sd Fu w F $$12$$
>J F, aJv J Fu , <k <bb J <b<W Ju Fuy, w o<w <bbtg' (u tt tu* Fu w F - JR u <t w F,
<J <J b_wC Ju R u Fw F J t F - <bb) uu <bb Ju <b Ju

1626

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

tu* J JFwu F* $
Nu N<@> f tu* Fuub, F <bb J NS F - oJu NC < Nu
t u F N Nb _bJ Jub F <bb JF w F, wu Fu Jtu`, (N fwou
wu F) F <bt Ju Fu Jw F ? $$13$$
otu* uJbW Ju tdR u <_Sw Jwu F* $
Fu g , uu* FS >J u u _b u f-f F JFw F <J t* B F, bF <b
Ju Fu Jw F N J <bb F J ? <w u JC<w @wCb u tC f-f
u _b u <vw F <J t* t y, t* t y; Fu g, u N wu* u fwwu F* $
NwJ Ju tJ<w u F ywg, <W N< <o uw F bF tywd, u
B N< J <w wS fJ<vw buw N< J o F $$16$$
>J F, wf wu <w Ju J fFCw fnu CaR u wg F t <u $ Fa, u JFwu F* $
Fu tFwu, u bS tCa_bR F bF t u Ju JF Jw F ?
NI<w <w F Nw#Jd N <W<u* u JF w F $ wg J o Nb<_Sw
Nwg NI F <W JF w F $ NI Nabu_bR F N I F abuR $$17,18$$
wf NIR u F <W< Ju JF , o JFwu F* $
abuR I u NI tu* [bfC<] J Fu w F, Fu @u, ttJ tu*
I S <w F F $ u tt<J tu* FCN I "F F* F', o I u
> Fu w F bu F "F <W F' o R u tu* FCN a<bwg J u NItJ
t F bF "F <W F* F' o I u t Fu w F $ u NIt u
FCo C tu* Rw "F F* F' o wF Ju tu* NR I u > Fu w F, bu
F Nt tu* NIt u FCN tuR <W "F <W F* F' o wF Ju tu* NR
<bI u Fu w F $ <W, t, NFaJ N< J S tu* NI u
FC F* $ b_wCw# o ywg tu* <W F* F N o wF NFaJ
F* F, <JwC Jw <t J a<bwg F F $ <bt a<bwg Ju F aJv, <W N<
J J yo S $ N fC] FCo a<bwg u aJv Ju Nb u fJ y J < $
Fu tFfFu, u b u N< tu* b >w F N Ju Nb u <k > Fu
w F bu F aJv u u S Nw F bF aJv Ju Nb u w F $ u
u tCB y_w F bu F Ntw[b u Nw |w <b_ww fW u F a w
(y_w) F $ t* F* F, N F* F, N F*, u f S F*, <W F, o<B F* N
NJ F F $ Jub J <t Nt F F $$19-28$$

y - 101]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1627

wf btCw uy |><-NJ <JJu uwu F, o JFwu F $

|>< Ju NJR u J bF Nt F btCwu* Ju <o uw F $ F <W F, F t* F,
o< JCJv Fu* J ? Fu tFwu, o `u tu* Juo t uw F N Juo tw F
F $ wg N Nwg bR F Jub <<w J vt` F $ F btJ J f tt
F f J f J> FCN, wf <b N Jb Fw F F* $ t wS tC N< J F*
Fw $ o< Fu <t`, N d o<Bua tu* wS o<Bu* u y N< N< Ju NJu* tu*
t`_bR u w F*, Nw# Fu tFfC]u, N F FuwC N<tJ< bu* u @ F* Fu
Jwu N N JF* <w F Fu Jwu F* $ Fu <t`, <t NJ_bR wS JbvwR
NJ wu JC~> Fu Jw F N JC~> f F Jw F $ oh~> N N<h~> _bR
<w wS <J<w N F F*, u*<J Fu t`, N JNu* u SJg Bt @
F* Fuw $ Fu tFwu, Nt, N, N< N_bb () <t, JR, Jwg
J_bR, J<Fw, Nu _bR J Jub u Cw, t` u <w,
d bFu* u b <] u N b_wC F bF Ntw[b F $$29-35$$
b y tw

J Jb y
I J w u <<b J JwJw,
btC<w tu* N<Ww wS w[b J <_S<w J bd $

tF b<> u JF # Fu ZtB, o wF NJ<`t JC Ju JS J

unJ sd _ba Nt tu* w
Fu yu $ <w tu* u yo _ Nbbu* u Cw NJb <wt J o bF
t N u` Ju u* Ju fJ wbJg tC< Fu yu $ Fu tFfFu, Ju f J tCFqw
tu* fC] F Nwb <bJ<w u`bu u JCR<d > fu > $ JC u JF #
Fu tFfFu, tF, C], <b_ww, <t wS u<yu* J C Ju t o <<w
tu* N <bZw Fu CJu ? g, N Nw#Jd u fC] Fu CJu ? Nu
N <w ~>un ? Nu Iu S J Nh~> wF I J < ? Nu
B> b_wC u ? < tu*) Nb<_Sw F $ NFu, bu b_wC Ju uubu
tFtNu* J ay o N< a tu* J NCw Fuub u <<w F
wC F, Nw# buJ> k J w F $$1-7$$
F w "N' u* u t, b<] N <bdt J ^> <J y F wS
" JR' o <buTd u N <bJu* J ^> <J y F, F tH u <F $
()

1628

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

tR u JF yo fw J <buTR u Jwu F* $
ybg , < tFNtw J <w tF Ntw_bR F t*u NIb u t tu* F* J,
N NJu tyt u J t*u _ba N F <w J $ Fu Jtu, Nw N N
o NtwR Nt Ju t*u Fu F u* F* w <J ? $$8,9$$
<Wyw JTu* J (bNu* J) J Fuu u Fu N I w J Ju,
o t wu w_ Ju J J Fu u u Nu w J <, o N u
JC W uwu F* $
JC u JF # Fu g, uy J oh~>Nu* J y J CJu t Ju w FuJ Nb<_Sw
Fu u d o<Bu* N t Ju uyR JTu* J J Fu u u <W tu*
u J <bt <w wF <_S<w Ju w Fuw F*, < wF ku C] b Ju
JCaJCt Ju <f () $ Fu g, NJu Nw _bb_bR JTu* J, u NuJ t
Ju u* J` <Ju yu Su, N J <w FN F $ Fu Jtu @u, J u
JJ <*y uF u d t (c) wF <y wu F*, < wF J u JJ bsu* u
Ju k u <y wu F* $ Fu <t`, btJ tu* Ju u q u u yC u <bt
u uwu F*, bF Nw#Jd tu* wF | Fu w F, < wF Jt Ju a> R
tu* fd $ Fu tFtwu, JTu* J J Fu u N N tuu <bfu<@w F
F*, o< N F NJu NI J bS FN $ N NJu JTu* J f J
Fu y $ N F Nu IS u J wR u Nb@d <J F $ <> NSu J
Nu tu* @d Ju u N o t o a tu* u u t<bw Fu yu $ uk_bR sJ Ibg N N FC F* $ Fu g, ay Ju fFu N NJu C
N NC f wF Ju Jtu J <fJC s Fu y $$10-17$$
NJ NI N F tJ tu* sd FCN F, F tCHu Nh~> wF tt F, F JFwu F* $
Fu tFwu, f wJ N Ju < J F by NbuT S, w wJ NJu <W tu* "NFa,
tt' o<R NI f FCN S, F tCHu f tt F $ Fu wu, N F t tu* tuu
bu* Ju I u u <fJC F> F <W F bF NI JF w F $ tt J N<<w
u u o uu* J F bF I F N bF y<w F $ Fu g, Nf N fC] Fu CJu,
<btCw Fu CJu, u*<J Nt tu* J u Ju _ N u wg N NBq <W J Nu
u<u _t<w #
JT<w# Jt<d Iu wC t y<w# $ JTu Jt<# bu wwu Ia wu $$
(c) y< JT N $
()

y - 101]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1629

y J <, u ywg J Jv J _S F $ Fu tFwu, Nf N uJ,

N<Fw, <#ay, N, NtI N tFg u Cw t fJ <t
_bR tu* Nb<_Sw <Fu $$18-23$$
<W J y Fu u btCw CTu* Ju <J Nw#Jd u bF J <<] Fuw
F, F ~>u Ju < <tJ f@wu F* $
< wF tHJ oJu d <w u J<F N o wF J q
N< J <Jdu* u <bsd N bR <Jdu* u tuu Ju N@J Ju, u
<] N@J u <bsd F, <w q J J bF b F F u <bw w<J F* F $ < wF S tu* NaJC F* Fw bu
F btCwu* tu* <W F* Fw $ C# Fuu u u |b Fw F bF <W u
JF w F, bF NtI tu* F* Fw $ Fu g, J<Fw @ @ u F* JF w N bF NaJC Ju tu* tS F* Fw bu
F w[bI u y Nbd [b t u F* JF w N bF Ct Ju tS
F Fw F $$24-29$$
btCwu* Ju bF tu* bF Jd F, F JFwu F* $
<wuB btCw tFt uy [b tu* <_Sw FuJ N<w ~>un JJu <bF Jwu F*,
<W tu* <_Sw FuJ J F* $ t <W Ju <W JFwu F* N fC] <W Ju [b JFwu F*, NfC]
(NI) uy <W tu* <_Sw Fwu F* N tFfC<]tg (I) uy [b tu* <_Sw Fwu F* $ <W
C# Fuw F, u<J [b <k F* Fuw $ Fu wu, NfC] Ju f@ F, fC] Ju
F* $$30-32$$
NJ [b Ju f u F bw bF w Fuy, o N u JFwu F* $
Fu tFwu, tFy fJ N [b Fu CJu F* $ N Nu dR u Nu <W
J y J <, F ta w Fq $ Fu g, N F wu N d bNu* u <tCw
FuJ Cu<w Fu Fu F* $ Fu tCu, Nf NJ t NJ Ju t _bh~> Fu y, F t* tw
Fq $ Fu g, N t t Ju w Fu CJu F* $ N <] FuJ t u t <_S<w tu* F yu
F* $ u tFy NJu Fu ba<~>w S bF F F <J b_bR <W J Nu y J
< $$33-35$$
<W Ju y tu* w, , N< d Jt Nww F* N Ju k tu* @, _by,
Nby N< f w N< Ju k Nww F*, o N< u JFwu F* $

1630

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

Fu @u, <> NS yFd Ju tu* N<wtS Nwb t fu@bw N fC<] u <J y

<W J y F w, < wS Ju k _by, Nby, @ N< F $$36$$
w N< Ju k tu* I Ju k J Nwb F* Fu Jw, o N u JFwu F* $
Fu wu, w <Jwu #u* J J Jw F, u*<J <WyR tw u w u I
J k tusC F bF s u N<w <tCw F tu* s J Nw Nb F $$37$$
N N N< b_wC tu* N < b_wC Ju Nwb J ab F* F $
I J k N bw F $ u JC~> Sun-fFw _by< k F bF wu F F F*,
bF sdayC F $ bF N<bb N <wub u - <W N N Nw Zt u w Fuub _by< C F, bF NI<ua Ju fn yw F $
bF w[b<bu* Ju F*, o N u JFwu F* $
Fu tFwu, _byt J J- C F ? bF wu Fu* Nb @tJw N< N@u*
uF u F <_Sw F $ < CT Ju NtI J <<] w F* F Ju <JJ^>
Ck Jub Fuw F $$39$$
I J <w Fuu u NI<u* Ju wCh~> _by< k Ju < J >J F F, o
Nun uy ? (NJu wu Fu I
F* S, wS< N S F wR u tu* k yu, F JFwu F* $) NJu wu >
N< J ay<w u CbJ I <t Jw S $$40$$ <k N u* o Jh~>Bd
N< w#uC NS tu* N wJ <t F*, u <J b_S NZtN< Ju N<t N<
Fu* <bJv<bsuau* u JCw Jt J F J f@ F $$41$$
_by< tFC J FuwC w_ NSR Ju F, o JFwu F* $
Fu Ctwu, o w_ J N< y Ndb_S F N N<wt y ksb_S F, o<
oJu N< N Nw uu* y #R F* $ Jub oJ t u _by< uyb_S F tu*
JC~> C F $ wf t*u S F w_ J, o "F*' u JFwu F* $ <J w_ Ju F
NJu <Wyw JTu* J J Fuu u o t w[bI J t w FN F, o<
wuR <bJva < N<bJv w[bI tu* dw Fuwu F* N <Ju k u kbg fwu
F*, I tu* N <_S Fu ou $ b F F <J "<b<b<T<w Iu u w' o<
ZC<wtd Fuu u w[bI<wR k u F NJ w_ J kw F $$42$$
I Ju k <J J Fuu u J Fu y, u*<J d ywg J J
u <W, <_S<w N Fuw F, u ZC<w F, o N u JFwu F* $
NJ u N<w _bh~> <J u S tC FuJ <o nwu F* wS

y - 101]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1631

<J tu* <b Ju w Fu wu F* $ Fu <t` <<b, < F J F N F J

F* F o< wF Ju aJv fR tC Ju <f F F* wS< wCh~> Fuu u bu <k F*,
o< o fJu ~>unJ d J F (tCB_S <<buT J F) tZ J J
<<] Ju < Sun- S J u' u* q S Jw F, bu F _ba <w J F u*
F* S Jw ? w F <J _b@wbJ <wJ Fu u wu Ju N@
tu* Fub b_wCNu* J Nu-N F Fu uy $$43-45$$
Nt<ww o<h~>w Su tu* CTSw _bJ J, @ Fuu Ju Jd F, bu NS
F*, u* fw $ b_wCw_wC w[bI<u* J <> tu* wCh~> Fuu Ju Jd bu Ny F F*, F JFwu F* $
Fu <t`, aJv u <w FC N<W J o Ntd o Su J NtI tFt uy,
tu* <w<f<fw Ju t, yFd F* Jwu $$46$$
I<w Ju Nw _by<-@u* Ju t Nby Ju @ Fu F Fu wu F*, o
N u JFwu F* $
_by N tus N< k Jubu u JC~> Jt F*, fJ yJ ftu* tR
u t u N F* bF N <<w fu <Fu $$47$$
<W J aw Ju <f t_w Su tu* g-Na J [bR u N Ng-Na J <
>_bR u yFd J <F, ou JFwu F* $
Fu g, t_w N<TNu* Ju ~>unJ o f Su tu* [b J [bR u N J
R u yFd Jwu FC N Nu <W Ju _a fJ Nb_Sw <Fu $$48$$
"N_<w<W#' o JS J u fwwu F* $
u*<J N_<w <Wbu CT Ju a J <w wF F* Fuw, < wF
<bbuJI J Fuu _b<bJ b<WR CT Ju N@ u <b<W w F*
Fuw $ Fu tFwu, o wu* ywg tu* u-u C# tCu* Ju <J> FCwu F* bu fJu f <W
J w u F FC Fwu F* $ o< <J <W <_S, w, _ N
N F bF CT t F wS bF Nbd Fuu Ju Jd t J
(NtsJ J) F $ Fu w[bI, N _ N N_ Ju <st`_bR Ju
NbuJ u J fJ s Ju bw ft Ju S Jw tu* FCJ tb
u dJt FuJ Nb<_Sw <Fu $$49-52$$
_ N N_ <b] @tbu o uu* Ju J` Ju <J Jw F, F
<wu F* $
<u Jubu <bu, N JJ tCHu |
fwou <J _ N N_ u uu* u Ju Ju w Fuwu F* $$53$$
o uu* tu* _bRw# u <bu@ Fuu N<@> <s<t`R u <bu@ F* F, u*

1632

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

N N< J<w Jwu FC JC M<T JFwu F* $

JC M<T u JF # u y R u J F bu F F d ywg <t`_bR u J
b_wC F $ u C] F wayu* u _<w Fuw F bu F bF N<@><t` fC<]b<Wu* u
_<w Fuw F, NSwg __bR u <bb<ww Fuw F $ Fu g, "a Itwa f' o<
ZC<wu* u tu* u b_b F bF <<w J _ F F, u*<J u a Fuw F $ a
tu* <b<R u _ F bF <w _ Ju t F $ w F <J bF Jub tt`
J _ F N JC~> F* $$56$$
>J F, u F F $ <k _ N _ tu* Jw Ju, o JFwu F* $
< wwg-wwg t F <<w J _ N N_ F wS JR u <bw F wu u
<_S<w tu* bF Jub F <t Nt_bR JF uy, o JFwu F* $
F y <<w J _t`_bR F $ <J F NJg <>bu CTu* Ju <w u, C tu*
t J o, <w Fuw F, Nw# yg <> u F oJ <b Fuw F $$58$$ _Cw
<<w yt u JF w F N _ <<w wu wCww tu* NR F $ o J <<w
Ju Ft bd u JFu tu* F* Jwu $$59$$
bF Jf <w Fuw F, u JFwu F* $
u* Ju <w NU Ju uy u wS CTu* Ju J u u <w<t uT Ju
<b u u` Ju <t f u < <] F BJw <w Fuw F bu F t u <W Ju
<t f u F <<w <w Fuw F $$60$$
< N o <<w J bd u JS Ju tu* tS F* F wu <k N tuu uyu* u
JFwu F Ju F*, o JFwu F* $
< uyu* u _ba Nu _bR J NCb <J F uyu* u N NC<wu* Ju F
Jt` J<w o <b_ww Nt_bR J Nu-N uJ<> u bd <J w F $$61$$
N _bC<w J <w J CJu F*, o< tuu b u Jub u <_S J <u, F
JFwu F* $
N< N t u _bR Ju N w Fu CJu F*, Nw# N Nu o tu* <
FuJ Nb<_Sw <Fu $ uJ uF<Ru* J Nb Fuu u F f uFu* tu* NJ u F* F $
F Jd F <J N tFg <<w_bR w[bfu@ u CCw FC F* $ o< Fu @u, N
uJ F* $$62$$
J Jb y tw

y - 102]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1633

J ub y
NCI uJ JC M<T Ju Nw<Fw Fu u <b<_tw FC
<<b J <J wJ <b Ju Ju f t<@ tu* <bZ<w $

JC M<T u JF # Fu tFwu <<b, < wF F f <bb Fuw F wS <

wF Ju w Fuw F, bF f JC~> Nu N Nb u d fw[b F t*u Nu JF
F $ Fu tC<J, oJu yC N u CJ wS Nu wS Nbd J Fu u u _> FC t tu* <J t t<@ J
@w u wS <J t bF u N Fu* b F Nb<_Sw <Fu $ Nf wu t* oB J
tu* F F $ o bJ tu* ybg tC< oB J tu* fuJ u N yu Fu*yu $ <
bF tCHu bu u u*yu, wu fFCw JC] Fuayu $ CT Ju J yCNu* Ju u<w (JC]) F*
J <F $ aJv J u ~>unJ <J b_wC J N<T wu FC N Nt<>
tu* F Nb<_Sw <Fuy, u*<J F J t <b` <> F, <J t*u NJu u < F $
tF b<> u JF # Fu Zt, u* JFJ bF JCR<d > - FS tu* k uJ
JC Ju dt Ju Ju < <<b u* F <wb fu Fwu F* u* F - Nw<Fw
Fu yo (N) $ u _b N< tu* <w tu* N FCo @< b_wC Nw tu* (yu ) <o F*
uw bu F <<b u Nu Nyu Nb<_Sw JC Ju F* u $ JC M<T Ju u u
< <<b ? Jub F uJ Ju auy u F bF t* -<w fu<@w FCN $
NFu, ubC` u J by C C<wCw JF, NFu, tuFN w tb Ntwugb C@J J NJ<w u Cw F $ bF b tuu
t Ju F f w J F F $$1-13$$
u N dJtw J bd Jwu F* $
t* <w J NCb J F F, t* f ww Fu F F wS Jt` C u Nb<_Sw F $ wd
J Nyy Nf t* F* Fw $ t* F b F Nu _bR tu* Nb<_Sw F $ otu* w<J
uF F* <J u* u F, bNu* u Nw#Jd u Cw bF <<b, S tu*
C yo <wt Ju t, byNu* u <Fw FuJ t<@ tu* Nb<_Sw Fu y $ Ju f
"b <u* <wJw t_J Ju y Fuu u' bF JCR<d n F*
Fw S <J tu _bt tCHu t_J Ju*, o< bF _ba dt J | Nw<Fw Fu yo $
(N)

1634

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

<<bJvN t<@ tu* N <w> w J bF <<b bw Ju < Ju

Nb<_Sw Fu y $ bF <>J J
<J u u N Fu uy Ju d_bb FuJ u y NSwg CTCw J o <bZt
Ju y $$14-17$$

J ub y tw

J wb y
> J Nu | tu* J C# w < Ju f bF u > N,
fnu Ju S t<@ u Ju > wS w[bbd J $

tF b<> u JF # Fu Zt, w <w u bF <<b wu <<bJv

t<@ tu* Nb<_Sw Fuu u J> N w Ju Nb<_Sw Fu y, wC > J
FCo, Nf u N C Nu <w <un < N C <b@ tC@ R NJ Ju @d
J < $ NJ ty u Nu y tu* FCJ | F Nw#C Ju w Fu yo $ f tu*,
fJu tu J> FCo N CaR J Ju y yo $ ww w < Ju f bF
<k NJ tu* NJ uy u JC M<T f yo N JC M<T J buT @dJ < u wF R u Ju
<<bJv t<@ tu* <_Sw <wtJ-<<tw J> J o < N u> <J Ju $ <k wu Ft uu* uF ~>unJ
wCv_bb Fu JJu J F S Jbv @t Ju w Fu*yu $ t*u oJu u Fu u < F
bF <bTt Fu uy, u*<J J N uF ~>unu u dt (wt <tJ tu* Nb<_S<w wJ
J) F* Fu Jw Nw# btC<wCCb Ju < ou y <w F $ o< o
t<@ Ju NUuy u ou t* Nf >w F $ u* <bJ > u Nu _bt Ju Nyu
bu* Ju Jub f-f <*F <J $ f-f <Ju yu <*F u
bF bw tu* < J o f <b<w F* FCN, wf > u Ju FS u f
o@-@ <F-C> $ FS u o@-@ f <Fu-C>u N <yu f
y J wf JCR<d > uu y - NFu, F @C ybg Nu _bR tu*
w<tJ-bu wJ dw Fu CJ F, oJu <J C<w u Nf t* y $ NSb o tFt

y - 103]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1635

Ju t* u* y ? <buFtC<w wJ CbJ Nb<_Sw Fu $ t* Nf F t<F J

~>unJ NCt Ju < S F , o b tu* J- N<@J C F $ u*
uJ N ~>unu Ju < bF w > f <fJC w Fu yo wf J f <k
u b <J, u*<J bF J tF-fC<]tw (N) S $ Fu Ju o Ju wu u
<J otu* fu@ Ju fw b t J a_JuR u JC~> uuT < @ u f FCo
t Ju u u <Fw F f tu* F wf wu Ju gb J t Nu F yb _ba fu@
Ju J w Fuy, < J bw Ju N tu* bs Ju tu tu* Nb<_Sw <Sb Ju
tu* tb u u _R FuwC uF J yt
J N w F - u* Nu <w Ju NaJbJ uJ yu Ju u Jd Fuwu F* Ju
u < <J otu* [b N Nb<> F $ N u F JF <J oJu tu* N [b
wu f FCN F $$1-22$$
"_u u ' - F u JF y otu* S J wu F* $
ZtB u JF # Fu fg, Nw w<W, J> N u> Ju t <_S<wbu
d J [buT Ju w F $$23$$
uF tu* b<], <bdt, Ns N< <bJu* J NC [buT tu* FuwC F, u W uu Ju
< FuwCy J NCb Jwu F* $
tF b<> u JF # Fu Zt, u f Ju N C N k C NdC Ju
F <bt Fw F bu F < <J d tu* yu Ju Jd F* Ju tu*
NdC J o Ny [buT <bt Fw F $ <W Ju <bJ u , < wg-<Bq f
yu, <<bJv, b_bR N N bw J o a<_S<wbu CT J , ftu* JR
u Fubu Nt tu* w Fu Ju Jd, wu Nw Fuw F, < Ju w Fuw F,
N_w Fuw F N Ju F w Fuw F, <JwC tR FuJ Nb<_Sw Fw F $ <b
N Jb N< u Cw < CT J t a Fw F J NRw Ju w Fu
w F, aw<Fw CT J J F* $$24-27$$
bF u*, o JFwu F* $
Fu Zt, ywg Ju bF Ju FuwCw d b<bJu* J Jd <W_ wF F,
< wF JCCtu* J bw $ Fu Zt, o< o uF u uFw tu* ubu <W J o uF
tu* f-f bJ <yFw <J F FT, Ju N tuF uJ F* Jw, F
Nb uw Ju uT @ Jt Ju N fC<] u uJ > u <k
<b <J, F <w Ju Ju < "tFt<w' F <buTd < y F $
(N)

1636

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

u t tu* FuwC F $$28,29$$

<W tu* FT< <bJu* J t Fu u tu* <bJ <bW Fu wu F* $
<W J <w Fu u <b<J <W N_td u y yo b<bJu* J
F uF NJ J o CT Ju f<@w F* Jw $ <JT F <J <J <W J
NFbR u _bJ F uF tu* b<] N< <bJu* J Jd F $ u t w<w tu* way
N< J <W F* Fuw bu F t b<Fw <Ww<w tu* N< <bJ y
N< uT F* <o nwu $$30,31$$
<Jwu t wJ btCw <b<J t Ju uwu F*, u < aJ Fu, wu Nb<>
@ Ju s fwJ J @<bJ tu* bF dR u u NbuJ <J, F JFwu F* $
< u | FuJ
NSwg Nu _bt J J tu* bu _bt Ju F F f tu* FuJ bF <_Sw Fuw FCo
t* J Ju f yubu Nu _bt Ju yw F $$35,36$$
<J Ju f wu F _ba t<@ u > uy, ou yu Ju < |w Ju J tCHu
NbJw, o JFwu F* $
< t* ou yw F wu F <J Ju f _ba y uy, u<J t* u* NJu Fu
u* Nb<_Sw F, o< ou yw F $ u* <bJ o<BaR N uF Ju ~>un JJu
_bt J uF tu* FuJ N< N Nw u b<w Nu _bt Ju F f_bR <<ww[b tu*
> <_S<w Ju w Fu yo $ bF FCJ [b Nu _bt J <<bJv t<@ u
N @ J o J f FCo uw J _ J bF > <k N uF tu* wF
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>J JCCtd _S tu* J f> yo N bF* f> FCo t<u* Ju yCa Ju <w_Jw J F
bF > ty tu* bW Fu yo $ t_b Ju CJ [byCd u < u Cw
J fC<] y u uJ t_wJ wJ uF tu* NFab J <w u Cw FuJ uu NbfC] FCo,

y - 103]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1637

u bw tu* < $ < wF Jt< Ju <bJ<w Jwu F* bu F [b<W u Cw

<<b u t<@ tu* <t<w Nu u` Ju <bJ<w <J $ <<b u t Ju
y tu* w Nu Nyu <_Sw JCM<T Ju < u Cw u tbu- u $ NFu,
Ft @ F* <J F tC< _ba F C# w F*, ow fw JF Fu <<b u JC Ju
Ca< t<w J () $ ybg, F Ftu J fw F <J NJu b <W tu* Ft C#
<w FC F* $ NSb Fu tCu, Ft Nu J F Ju*, uu tF[b J F*,
u Nu N F u* Ju NCyF Ju Ju < _wCw F* Fwu ? Fu ybg, Ftu* <b`
Ju Ju < F NJ F Nyt FCN F < F fw Fu, wu <k N F JJ fwou
<J F NJu Nu tu* J- Jd F ? JC u JF # Fu g, N<<w FuJ t*
NJu F u fu y w u tu W NJu S F* <_Sw F $ F Jd F <J t*
_by tu* F* >F J N NJu t o t >F FCN F $ Fu tFwu, fFCw-
b_wCNu* Ju f tu* <W Ju u fu Nh~> tt nw F bF fnu uy u F w FuJ tu
<_Sw <tw F, <f uy Ju J F*, o< NJu Ju uyb u F F tu
Nyt FCN F $$37-48$$
tCHtu* u NJ ow <w f yo F, oJ N<w Jd F ?
Fu g, o ywg tu* tu NJu f@C, Nw, Cwg, <t`, NSb <bb Juo
< F* F, u t* tHw F $ < F* nw, wu F* tuu <J> <Fu $ NJu < F
ay F, u bs F* N F t* F <_Sw NJ Nw ubJ $$49-51$$
NJu fwo yo t<@ u <w u C F, u ww tCHu _by J oh~> F*
Fuw $
NJu fwo yo uyC<w u u t* <bZt u F F, Fu @u, t* tHw F <J _by
tu* b <bZt JF u Fuy $ < t a<_S<w J Nu tCHu u < F
_bh~> _bJ_bR <_S<w J NbfJ N F Suh~> _by w tu* <bF J<u $
JC u JF # Fu g, t t tu* N <bZt u CJu ? o ut C# J
N <w y J CJu ? Fu g, - u td <o u Fu o aJvu* u uyu*
J wbJ NJ ut <fJC <tw Ju w Fu y ? Fu N u Ju
N<wJw J y ? t u t<_S<w u Cw w NJ t @b w <bTu* tu*
uy FuJ Nb<_Sw Fu y ? <<b u JF # Fu ybg, NJ u t*u bF
y<w u , u u* Ju N<wJw J CJ F; t*u a J t J Nw N
Ju u b_wC J J < $ J Ju f Sunu t wJ F Jub w < wJ
()

ou w_ Ju b u ba<w ku* tu* Nw J> Fuw F $

1638

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

F <t FuJ tu <bZt <J, w Ju u f w J <, Nf t ww FuJ <J

Ju < <_Sw F $ Nf Ftu* <J wF J u u Cw F* F $ b` F t* N<www Fu y
F $ w< aJ b u FuJ t* Nb<_Sw F $ t*u NIw J I J <, Nw
J <w J , ~>unu u b_wC ~>un wS tu t b Fu y N t*u Nt Ju
w[bR b J NZ J < $ Nf tCHu N<wwJuo Nb<> F* F $$52-60$$
< Nu < Juo F F F*, wu N <k <J _bR u Nb<> F*, o
JFwu F* $
a, tuF N u <Fw, y< uTu* u tCw, <JR, b` JR J
b u Cw, f wF u , b_bR, J JvNu* u <tCw, NJJu Ju
t _bh~> t* JR FuJ <_Sw F $$61$$

J wb y tw

J b y
JC Ju td u J auyuh~>, _by Ju fFu y tu*
N < FuJ bF u <k > N $

tF b<> u JF # Fu Zt, u* Nt<bTJ <b<` JSNu* Ju _ JF

Fu bu uu* w[bI w tCFw wJ b tu* <_Sw Fu $ Ju f bF u >J k-t N< Ju
s Jubu, NJ <J bw J u> J <bF Ju yu, F
Jt N <su* Ju unu Cu<w Fu Fu Su $ <k bF u >J tFN^ J
bb<Su* tu* btCwu* Ju <] N Ju NC bF Jwu FC wS Nt<bTJ
<b<` JSNua u _ a Jwu FC uu* u N> < yb u*, NuJ wfu*, yCvttFu*
(JCau*), yF bw J u<>u*, fFCw- <u*, uu*, ytu*, yu*, bu*, tuF bu
bwu*, JCau*, wSu N NZtu* tu* FCJ t_uF u Cw, bu uu* <tJ wCv<Wb<W u
Cw FuJ _ J u u N NCb JFwu Su, bu uu* t<W wS t Fbu
Su $ Fu |b, bu uu* <w N ubwNu* J J S Jwu Su, J F S bu uu* u
Jwu Su $ ww wS B w uu* tu* uu* J fC<] t S $ <_@ bu uu* <t`
-CT wtb^>u* tu* N t Ju ayu* tu* <bF Jwu <ku $$1-9$$
<f | J <_S<w J sd fwwu F* $
Fu Zt, F | F, F | F* F, o wF J <bJv-Jv uu* Ju t Ju
J F J, < J HaHbw Ctu bw Ju $$10$$
tu* < N N< J <bJv F* S, ou JFwu F* $

y - 104]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1639

bu uu* <t` JF* wu @< u |y`, JF* u <w Ny JF* wu _t u

<b<Twy` FuJ <bd Jwu-<kwu Su $ bu uu* JF* N JF* JCCtu* u t<^>w FC <bwu Su $ Fu
Zt, JC~> ou-<yu F <u* tu* t<W Fu u u wS Fu u u <
uJ @
u w FC C-C#u* J NCb Jubu btCw tFt < Jub J uy<b<W
Ju tu* F NyF J u*, wu bF J wCh~> tw F Fuy $$11-16$$
N@t, uy N Zt N< Ju Jdw uyu* u uJayF Ju < F> <F, F
>J F, wC F J <w F F F*, o N u JFwu F* $
F N _bt t F, uy<tCw F, oJ Nb_S F N u f JCCttF
| F*, o wF J f t<yu* Ju <_Sw Fwu u Nu _bt tu* NCybw F*
Fuw bF < NbtCw F wu Nu _bt Ju uy Ju Fu CJ F N < bF btCw F, wu uJayF Ju ay u <w < N< Ju
> Fu CJ F $ bCwNu* Ju | tu* _b@ <w Ju Fwu u < CbJ td F*
Jw bF C> Nay t CJ F $ Jw _S tu* byC td Nu <bb<Fw <w Ju
J u w td F* Jw C> t<F Ju <@J F $ NS u u Sw
N< Nu uy J y J Fu, bu S J I ubu w[bI CT u
J- N<@J k <J ? $$17-20$$
w F <J Sw uyu* J y JJu I JC~> N<@J k F* J
Jw $
o< t* N fC<] u o J tu* | JC~> a J JR, FCo
JCbuT@d > u Nu <w u wF JF, < wF Ju<J Nu <w Ju<J u
JFw Fu $ JC u JF # Fu g, F `t J C s F N tFg <w <b F $ N
_by tu* oB J tuFbJ fn Fuy, <tu* f ub<Tu* J tyt Fuy $ tCHu Nu
<w Ju tu bF FC J J sJ J F <F, u<J S<_Sw <<w J
J y F* J <F $ Fu g, b Cu* u u<w o b-<t tu* <J wF Ju
uy Ju w J <bF Jwu FC N aJ wJ tu Nb ws J<uy $ Fu g,
N aJ Ju _by u t* <<w N y, u*<J tuu NtwuT Ju < NJ S

1640

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

tCHu _by u fJ < F $ u* JFJ N <w- JvwR Ju JCCt J tuF ta

JC u Nu <t` <un , u <FtJ J tu| <Ft $ u t wf wJ tu| Ju yw uwu F
Fw F f wJ <J bF tu| J Nu* u NuH F* Fu w, bu F t NJ tu*
Fu Nu <t` Ju <unwu F* fw $$21-30$$
< Ju fF J NJ tu* > u Nu JC J y J
< N bF tC@ Nu bR tu* wF N yo < wF Nbw Ju w Fu u Z $
NJ-S u bF > _by Ju t td Nu y tu* FC yo, F wJ kF F
S Nwb u taCw NJbu Jvbs Ju tt Fu F S $ <u* u u FC Nu
Nw#C tu* NR u bF > wF Fu yo, < wF wNu* u u<w bs tu*
bw J tFt $ bF H>> f Ju J J bF >, u bs u k
C <yw F, bu F < u Nu _bt J <<@ tu* Nu
tC Ju tC<w u Cw < f < $ wF Ju NJ u Cw u uJ <J n Fu y N < <W Fu y $ < <W u fnu N Ju S F JF #
ubC`, NJu t_J F $ NJu tC tua < HJ F F, Nw# N < <W Fu F* $
N wu JC F* $ o t<J w Ju J < N o N f> ou $ <t`, Jt
u J NBw J NZ F* Jwu, bu F u Nu _bR tu* <_Sw w tFCb bu
b_wC J I <Ju FC Fwu F* bu FT N <bT <w <_S<w J NZ F* Jwu $ tF
b<> u JF # Fu Zt, u* <wu-f>wu JC u
k>u f J b< Ju t <bT bd u JF $$31-39$$
bu b_wC J I w <Ju FC CT FT N <bT <w <_S<w J NZ F* Jwu' F
u u JF F tu* JC~> <buT JFu J oh~> J Fu JC JFwu F* $
f wJ uF J <_S<w Fw F wf wJ Nub FT-uJ N< Nb_SNu* tu* I<w
t<Ww Ju Jd Jtu<Bu* J u>Nu* tu* u Nb<_Sw F* Fwu bu w[bI @w
Jtu<Bu* J u>Nu* J gb Fu ut` u > F* Fu wu $$40$$
Nw[bIu* tu* u fw F* F, F JFwu F* $
Fu g, u Nww[bI t F* bu f<W Fuu u F tu* t<WRw J
Nb Fuu u F F>wg yFw wwg-wwg Jtu<Bu* J <yFb_SNu* u _bbw# (NI_bb
u F) hCw Fu wu F* $$41$$

y - 104]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1641

f wJ uF Fuy wf wJ @Cw Jtu<Bu* tu* FT-< N< I N NI

uu* tu* J- Fuy F, o N u >wbJ JFwu F* $
u f wJ <w F wf wJ wu F, bu F f wJ uF Fuy wf wJ Jtu<Bu* w
FT N < N< J Fuy F $
Ju <wuJ >w u Jwu F* $
u uF Ju w F* Fuw bF >gy u NJ J ~>u Jw F $ w F F <J
I<u* Ju uF J N<wJtd Fuw F F*, Nw# t* J NCJd JR wu
uT F $$42$$
u <_S<w tu* <W J tw u uFyw C#u* J t<@ Ju Jd N Fu F J
y F, f_w Jtu<Bu* Ju <yF u Fu* F J J y F*, F <JT F,
ou JFwu F* $
t<@ u <W J u tw F F uF tu* w C#u* J buWt y F $ Jtu<Bu* J
a<_S<w u Jtu<Bu* Ju <yF u Fu* F J J y F* F $$43$$ Fu g,
w[bI Ju wf wJ Nu* tu* Sw J Jtu<Bu* Ju Jwu FC
F Nb<_Sw F <F, f wJ <J o uF J <_S<w f FCo F $ Iu<Bu* wS t N< u
wu t<W FuJ F Nb<_Sw F <F, J bTb Ju w FuJ F* $$44$$
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F F, F JFwu F* $
f N< <w u Cw (btCw) I uy uF J Nb_SNu* tu* Nb<_Sw
Fwu F*, F @JtR <<w J < F $$45$$
@JtR <<w J va| NI w[bI <Ju F* <J Jw, ou JFwu F* $
NI w[bI b<b@ <du* u t<bw u F tF F bF f <<w J F Nu
wF nw F, < wF y J Nu $$46$$
wf w[bI N t uu* ff F F*, F*, u W uwu F* $
w[bI uy fC<] N< Ju wS FS, N< Ju a u f wJ w J
N<wt uF J w F* Fu w wf wJ o <<w Ju dw# <fwwu wu F* $$47$$
wC NI b F* Jwu, F JFwu F* $
wC NI f wF Ju su u C-C# J Nu* tu* NFw FuJ u* u* Ju
<<w Ju NdR u <fwwu wu F* $$48$$
@JtR <<w Ju _bR Ju < Fu JC M<T J fu CPw J NCb
J aF Jwu F* $
Fu g, o d Ju o t tu* o <w u Cu* tu* N o <w u C# J Nu*
tu* Nb<_Sw F <F $ Nu-Nu Jtu Ju NC bu* Ju >s w F wwg-

1642

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

wwg <bT tu* NI I f wu* tu* b F F <<w (@Jt) J <w <bJ F, u

buw <w u CP F $$49$$

J b y tw

J b y
Cb tC< Ju u <` tu* b<w J JC JS wS
_ t@u* u wC> FC uu* J <_S<w J bd $

<, Nu-Nu J Ju NC

u u f b _Sw F*, tu* < N ubw F*, wu o wF Ju <bT Ju FuwC uy Ju <J
Jd w <Ju F*, F N tCHu J<F $ JC u JF # Fu <t, F tu <W u <bJw FN
F, Ju <bT tu* N o a tu* tuu |>, u wF t* Nu JFw Fq,
C FuJ u FJ Fu w F, bu
Cu* tu* J<w <J y # Naw FJ Fu w F $ ~> Fu <t` Ju Jd Nw#Jd
<w w (_bh~>w) wF w Jw F, < wF _bh~>w Ju < w F
JwJ- Ju Jd _bh~>w Ju w Jw F $ NJu Ca< t<w J F u Fu
<J N <k NJ Ju |J t* _by tu* F y $ bF FCJ <w Ju S tFuB Ju
_S tu* JtC f> y N ww S-t tu* <w u Ny FN t* >J
F Nu Ju < _by J y J NJt^> tu* N y $ t* Ju |unu* Ju S S
Nu NCJ bF tJ bC Ju ty Ju Ju bF u F N<tw u tu* N $ Nu N<tw
u tu* Nu Ju f bFtJ bC Nyu u u Fu ybg J ty u J Nu yu
N t* qu ty u tCB tu* tu* ww FN NJ J Nu F S $ Nw t*u d tu|u*
Ju tty u buybJ tu u N Fu tFg b tC< Ju u $ b tC< Ju tu|
ubu* u F i>J S N <bCwg Ju tJu JaJd u Fu* C<w <J S $ <
tu* t*u Fu* u, tu* >J N<J (u<tJ) - u ywu Su $ Ju Nayu* Ju
Ju Nayy Ju Nu J @ u @u > S $ <t <w Nwb w_S bsu* J C
~> u tbw N < wut Ju Nb_Sw <] yS J Nu buy u bu
o< nu Fu Su <J b J t fw $ NJ tu* <bd J Fu t*u
tC< Ju t_J J JF <J Fu tC<b, tu| Ju b @d Ju Ju Jd N N@u
w J N<J Ju ywu F* $ Fu t, tF b u b Ju CJ tuu
~>un, Nu, wCt o <w Ju Jd Fb-b<bu* u d, _w Jub Jt
td N u uJ w tu* Fu Juyu $ d-d fd b tC< Ju tC u <Ju
NC b Ju CJ u*-F t* JC~> <bw Fq, u*-F bu tC< Nw<Fw Fu yu $ Fu @u,
J t* NJw u F <-t FuJ F N Fq $ Nu t*u f JC~> JF < <J t* <`

y - 105]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1643

tu* Nay Fu y Fq $ F _`b <`u* tu* t* Ju < Jy $ F ! t* w tu* _w@d |u<Tw

Fu y $ <w Ju tu t* JFqy $ NFu, o a tu* <bwu* J fn F <b<` y<w
F, u*<J t* N b u CbJu* Ju < ta f y y@<tT u NuJ CbJu* tu*
_ JF Ju Jub Fu y $$1-17$$
J _>Jd Jwu F* $
tFg J> F Fu y <J Nf tuu NFd Ju < F _by tu* JtJC t<w ubJCtu*
tu* a|T <~>n uy $ yC, ubw ba fdu* Ju tu w tu* b R t* <J
wF u <f@ b J Jy $ tF b<> u JF # ZtB, wF JFJ bF
JC J sd wJ <W J Jyw tu* C _Sw FuJ o <bT tu* @ @dJ <k
fuu y $ NI J wF t* u* u F F, tu Nt J ou <fyn $ @ Ju
NC w F b J tCHu N F F NCb Juy $ ou Nay <t`_bR
tu s<w Fo $$18-21$$
Ju JS J NCtu J JFwu F* $
<
C # Nwu wu F*, bu f uF Ju < F Nwu-wu F*, tu* u Juo uF Nt Ju
(uFusw wt Ju) < F* $ tC<b, Nb w Fuubu @Jt-ku* Ju <bT
tu* J u Jubu N < u Ju y u*yu, wu N<bbuJ CTu* Ju N<bbuJ<w
u J <<J Ju < NJu w[b J NCb Jub q J <<JJ
d uy NSwg Juo F* uy $$22-24$$
t* wu tHw Fq <J F NJ u F* F, <JwC Jub uu<w bd J F uJ J
bd Ju Ju < uy J Fu F*, F JFwu F* $
u Ju <bT tu* uuuy JC~> JF <F, o N JF, F tu
tw F $ Nf N tw @d J J<w_S Fu N<R u <_Sw Fu o $ tF b<>
u JF # Fu ZtB, wF Ju NuJ bu* Ju bu uu* _ Nu-N Nb J
<_Sw Fu yu $ uu* Ju N^ u fn ut S, bu J qu Ju N< <t` Su N _ J
qu Ju # u # Fubu Su $ _ Nb yFd Ju Ju f JC tu* Rw J
tu* J Fu ywg Ju JR ybg , wu Ju s u J J o, N_w
J Nu Fuu yu, <SJ N <SJ<u* Ju Nw#Jd
<buyuJR N@J u NJw Fuu yu $ tCB Ju tu* Fubu @b uy u* u s,
t~><u* N tCB_S u* Ju J<`w Jwu F*, o< tCB tu* Fubu @bu* Ju J
yF f <su* Ju f>u F u J Cb N J yF wJR u* Ju oJl> J F

1644

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[<bd-Jd b@

J Cb - u uu* J qu J tw Ju y yu $ <bJ<w JCtCu* Ju a> Nwb F

Fu CT Ju <_Sw wu* u d NJ J Nu JbJ N |t Fu tu* Ju HC^>-JuHC^> W <b< Jwu F nu yu $ bu uu* <t` >J utC <J u Cw
Ju N yu $ ww, bF
@u-@u Jt# Ju Nayu* tu* b<ww Fuubu JC tu f>u F <<b u ygyg
FuJ JFu yu $ Fu g, Nf tCHu u tt nw F <J t* Nu J NaywNu* Ju S
<t tu* <y F Fq, _kCw Fu F Fq N <by<w Fuu y y Fq $ Nf tw Fq <J NJu
tu Ju S F t* R fw F Fq $ Fu g, u<u, u tuu Ju - < J t<w
tu* fubu |u N@uu Ju - _kCd wu* J t u t<w FuJ tuw N< J
tNu* u t<bw FuJ - f Fu F* $ tF, uw tu* btC _w <J Fu F* $ Fu <t`b,
F u<u, tu uF u F <u* Ju - u @u @u n wJ tuu < fu-fu b <J Fu F* $
Fu < <t`, u<u, tuu Nayu* u F, bs u Ju Nayu* u (Nu* u) ku* J o, Td,
N <b<b@ t <J F* F* $ <, F u<u, <FtaC J <Jdu* Ju tuF tuu t_wJ
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Ju < Fu yu, tCHu <@J F, tFg J> F, t* tFg <bT J NCb Jw F,
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ay tu* < Fu bF JC C Fu y $ u uJ wF <bTCw FuJ
Nb<_Sw Su $ tCFqwJ wJ J <bT F <J
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J J va| J J Jw F $ J <dJ N u Ju JC~> FJ-
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tu* Cbw Ju _bR J y J JC _wu* u <Fw bu N JC f yu $
o wF bb<d (CR) > Nu <w Ju tu Fu JC tC< Ju R tu* f
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()

y - 106]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1645

N < tu* JC J R @d J <t` <w Ju S <bd Jw F $$41-49$$

<J-<J _S tu* <J-<J wF u <bF <J ?
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C tNu* N Fu* u NaJw FuJ oh~>C <bF Jw S $$50$$

J b y tw

J ~>> y
tFuBbw N< Ju tu uu* J <bbF N Cbd
yCk tu* C tyt-F bd $

tF b<> u JF # Fu Zt, ww JC~> F <u* Ju fw u bF

JCR@d > Nu <w u F JFu y $ Jt` Ju <b u`bu Fu g,
tu F b N C<u $ <w< t* w tu* F fJ Fw Fq $ o< t* u R Ju
k f Fw Fq, Nw# <J _bt Ju t* Nu J <bbF JRy $
o <`uJ tu* N F J w Ju R tu* tCHu n Fu F* $ Nw# w tu* <bbF N
Ju R tu* tu _bJ J< $ Fu @u, Nu <<t` Ju S N w FN C
uyu J oh~> J F Fq, Nw# N tu S J ^>J tuu <bPJJ tw f Ju N u uJ N wJ ubw, M<T N< ftu* u N Fu N <f f@ Ju Fu Fu o
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F* N N<h~>bu F*, o< o N> J Ju Ju*, JC~> <fynuy F* $ <<b u
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N Fu*, b Ju* $ tR f yu o <W tu* t* u wu* ywg N F R w Fq,
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Fu Zbd J <dt F $ J F t*u <bbF N< fJ y<dw J < F $ Fu tFfFu,
N w tu* F f <J t_w JNu* u d <t Bt <w Fu*yu, wf F Nu uu* J
y@b<b<@ u <bbF Fuy $ Fu J wJ Ju fu-fu u`u*bu tF, F u tut, tFuBbw
Ju tSu Ju *y- w < F, F R Ju* J d J nw F, t<dt
JR NuJ t< F, u Cu* Ju fuHu* u HCJu F u-u NuJ bsu* u Cu<w F,
ay ku* J wNu* Ju <bd td-u* u Cb yw F, < Nu
< <w dB Ju S NJyw wJ w tu* Ft uu* J <bbF uu* $ Fu g, Nf N
<>u, ay Ju Ju>u* u <bbF Ju < Ft uy u* Ju S , C N< ty Ju J`
Ju* $ u* JFJ JC >u N Ju S ku* Ju <fu wS N< J a Ju y

1646

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[<bd-Jd b@

yu $ ww J tCFqw tu* uu* u C <Ju C < J _S tu* ubw,

N< N< J Ju Ju < Cu* Ju i>u Ju i>u f >u $ qu _S tu* F, Nf t<d
N< Ju Suh~> i>u Ju i>u J y <u, < J C^ Ju J-J u tu*
Ju Suh~> i>u Ju i>u y _S Ju C
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NtIR u wF ww Su, wS< o yw<_S<w J b_S Ju < Fu*u <<]
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J bu uu* Jvbs Ju k J uw Jt u <bbF J bu J Nu f Nu $ o@ owu
t u <bbF Ju < J<^>w Fu Fu uu* J tu* < Ju Ju < wJ F ybg
_J u N_w J Nu _S <J $ Nw J b N< <b<@ tw Fu yo,
t`-, N|tTd N< Fu*u J < $ o@ J <bbF uu Ju < NJt^> tu*
t_w wu N @tJu $$1-26$$ o@ -CT Ju unu* tu* <w Jub <`t
<` JCou* Ju F u Cw Fu wCTtF fw Fo N yo $ < wF NJt^> tu*
f u B N u aCw u<wJ J u J F, wF tC ubu
yCh~>u N< Wt NTdu* u; <b<b@ Tdu* Ju < tNu* u; JvwNu* Ju
yCh~>u* u; t, w N w tJ ubwR Ju ku* u; fnu fnu NuJ u* u wS B
Ju J<wtg nt<d u f < $ owu F t tu* tFtC< JC b@R tu* dw
Fu yu, | _wt^> Ju u w N wsd F <b Fu yu $ Nw Fu*u <b <J
t* F b@ Nf f y, Nf F JtR b Ju u u <F N Ju<w J Nb J
u <F $$27-33$$
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F t* Jt b@ Fq N _S N w Ju R tu* tu Nb<_Sw F*, Nw# Fu JtR,
N Nou, tCHu _bJ J<, F NJ Nb F $ u* t tu* <bJ tu bbu-u
tu* Nb<_Sw t N< Ju wu_b w J N, Jt J Nu <w Ju , f yo $
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y - 106]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1647

JFJ <uT Nayub wS u <bt tCb t<Ju a Jubu t_wJ u

Nu u Fu <w Ju dt <J $ <k u JF # Fu _b<tg, Fu tCHu NaJu* u NaJw
J< ww N< b<w J uw <J u tu <dyFd J< $ Fu g, N
o t f C y Fu F*, tCHu Jt<nw J Fu Fa $ N<@J JFq ? <w Ju <bbF tu*
<] Jtub J N u u <w_J J N <_Sw F* $$34-39$$
J w u J F bd Jwu F* $
Fu g, NJ <] u u t F*, bu o J <Jdu*- tt nw F* N NJu
yu J F u F F, bF tubw Ju yaybF J u @d J F F $ Fu , tCu* u ySu yu Juu* u N uu u<w Fu Fu F*, u Juu* u Cw a tu* u Cbd
Jt uwu Fu* $ Fu u, <Jdu*, JCCtu* wS <_S wuut Ju Jd N u* Ju
_Sw tuRbw J N<wJtd J Nb<_Sw F* $ wF Ju <b<b@ bd J Fu bu JC~>
F sd tu* Fuubu w, <J <J Fu u F yCw S, J qu u Nw wC>
Fu Fu Su $ o@ CbdS Ju N f>u F tF <w <y N Jt J J<t <w
Ju uu y $ tF t<J Ju J tF <<b u JF # Fu ty Ju fhu
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u F, ybg <bdC Ju S t J u F, C Ju S y J u
F, bF tuu S wCF Fubu $ _w Ju Ju N NCy Ju NaJCu* u Cw
b; u`u* Ju a ub N Ntuu* Ju Jd t@C tHaJu*b
<bw < Ju wCt Nb<_Sw Fu $$40-49$$
Nf Jvw Ju R tu* J bd Jwu F* $
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Bu, wCFu Nay <Ft Ju w N <t F*, wCF F_ u_ J NCJd J F
F - o fJu Jd wCt <w dB J u Ju > FuJ C N u F Fu $ Fu
buFu, Nf u, wCt _ba F <bbF J bu Ju NaJw Ju $ tF b<> u JF #
ZtB, ww uu* u bu tu* yu F u u Su, Fu* kb wNu* u $
wNu tu* ku* Ju yCh~>u* J wF <o nubu F, t<J Nu yu yu Su $ J u* < Ju ku* u wS yay u d b<w
|nu* u Cu<w J yo S $ Ju f bu Ju f tu* <bbF Ju < N< J _S J Ju
u J J<nu* u Fu*u b<w <J $ b Ju b<w Fu u <Fu Nu

1648

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

<_Sw J <sd J $ <k Ju Nyu vbu* Ju N b<tC FuJ bu _ba f> yu $

t bu uu* w fnu F Jt ywu Su $ uu* tu* u < J Nu FSu* u Jw t<J J yF <J $
N^ tu* y N aJ J o _ Cu<w Fu Fu tay_bR w u N< J
<sd J $$50-57$$
J qu Ju uu tu* Fu*u J qu Ju < ? o JFwu F* $
J qu Ju ut Ju < uC, IR bu @ u d N-N F Fu*u
J qu Ju Nu-Nu Ju R tu* < $ J qu Ju <w <Ju yu <_tw F u Ju
Jt tCt^> tu* tFw u HJ F S $ Fu*u N< J Fu w <sd J*, <k
tu* Fut <J $ o bb<FJ <b<@ u ff wC> FuJ b-b@ u J qu
yFd <J y N-N FS ~C>n < $ Ju J<wd, <_tw J Fu tC b <w
u Bt Ju y Fu Su $ Nw Fu u <<tw w ku* Ju ay bu uu Ju Nu* J <~>B uu Ju < Jw tu* N <Jdu* ku*Jw F, bu F
Bt u J <~>B uu Ju < wyF tu* C N <Jdu* ku*J $ Nw dR
u B Ju <w Fu u ayt Ju < C tCFqw J ws J Fu Cu<w w u
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u Cbdt yCk tu*, <tu* <J tJu R J Fu Su, bu <J $ o yCk J Fu
u F Fu*u _ba <td J S $ bF ow yCw S <J otu* B Ju <Jdu* J y<w F*
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wu u C ff u yu JCCtu* u-u <J Ju fu B<ff Ju
ww Fu Fu Su N wCT-_S Ju w Su - w S $ N<@J JFu*, bF C
sy J @ Ju @b S, Bu Ju <^> Ju t C N
Jub S, w tu* n FN Jtub J tu* <w<ff F S, tu* Cy@ wu n
S, S-td S, fn F td S $ dR u <t C< (ay ) bF
b un - u <J ~>unu Ju t u uJ N wJ bF <wCCb uubu
ay bu, sy tu* t J o, u Fu Su $$58-69$$ B, _ N<b
ut tuF - bd Ju <bu* u wS t Ju < <w N<ay N< Ju* u
CFbu y@, tv, wf Ju td N< C Nu* u <w b-b auyC u
<t w J f bF w tCFqw Ju fw yo $$70$$

J ~>> y tw

y - 107]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1649

J wb y
NuJ bwu* <bF, J N<w J s Ju < t u
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ayu t_w b J Ju-Ju y <, wf <<b J t<J Nu Fu Ju
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<bb<Fw Fu yu N ubwNu* Ju uyty u d Fuu Ju Jd bu < ubw F f
yu $ <w< u <`<b<` ba<wu* tu* <b Jwu Su, F <J Ju-Ju ku* Ju tF u
nu Fwu Su N vbu* J Nu u <w Fw S $ < tu* wu bu Nw < <t` f
wu Su N w tu* < <w f wu Su $ N J J o owu bu <tu-Cu Su <J
J Ny Fuwu F F* Su $ Fu*u N^ Ju JCau* tu*, bwu* J yCkNu* tu*, tbsu* u N<wyF
(|u) wtbsu* J H<nu* tu*, <B, , J, tFuB, t, y@t, u* tu td <J $ w < fw u Ju f f <J Ju
<w Nu y J Nu J bF Ju J J <k
b N yo $ bu JC N <<b, u < tu* _bh~> <t` N w Ju < <w- Su,
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tFu wu Fu*u tFuB bw Ju Ju yCk| tu* Ju, u <J FSu* u uu u, NuJ #u* Ju <bJ k, C N w b tu*, u <J ubwNu* tu* u ku* Ju yCh~>u*
J t^> F S, F J <bF <J $ ww tuRbw Ju <sd y J Nu <_Sw tC Ju
bsu* Ju b^> Ju u <bt f Ju <Ju, u <J FS Ju u fnu-fnu tCu* Ju
R Nbu* Ju Jd tCu* J R Fu y S, t tu* bu < wJ Fu N Wo < wJ W Ju Ju u tu* Fu $ w tu* <wR Fu ubu tFbg <t`u* u wF qu-qu <`-<b<` uu* tu* N
bwu* FJ f <bF <J $ ww @u-@u JC~> tFu* Ju ww Fu u Ju wg
ubC` J _bR @d J Fo bF > u ay<t tu* N t u ubwNu* N

1650

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

NNu* Ju S-S Nu F oB Ju < $ Nu b Ju S Nu F oB Ju

uJ b tu* b <Ju F < $
u
N _by <u, u*<J bF NJu yCdu* Ju Zbd u <w tFg N u <Jw F t_w
ubw N ubay NJu Nyt J ws J F F* $$19-21$$
NJ tu* yt Ju J wu tCH tu* <w F F*, <k t* _by tu* Ju N, o JFwu F* $
g, N o <]J, yC<>J, >gy, N< J _bJ J <]u* Ju ty u
N _byt^> tu* Nu J NayJ J< $ Fu w[bI, NJu u u @C tFt F*, bu Nu
No Fo t J N_bJ J Nt F* Jwu N Nw t J N<T F*
Jwu $ tFtg, < wF ybg d Ju Nyt u wu* uJ <b` Fuwu F*, bu F <<bP
CbJ <bF J Fu NJu Nyt u N F _by <b` Fu $ < F F* $$22-26$$
dJt Fuu u tuu < b` C F, u* JFwu F* $
Fu u, t* yF wC> Fw Fq, yF <bFd Jw Fq $ tuu t tu* Juo oh~>
F* F*, u*<J F-F t* w Fq, bF b` F t* N u d Fw Fq $ Fu oB, o f
fwu* u t* <h~> <J J _S tu* Fubu uu wCh~> _by Ju <w u J b F F*
J Jw $ Nw# F <J t* NJ NI J F* J Jy $ u <bT Nb F,
Ju < NJu NI u F NC<w F, Nw# NI J tu N@ F* Fu Jw,
F w F $ oB u JF # Fu @u, < uyu* u u u w[b < F N <J fC<]
<d Fu yo F, bu uy uyu* Fu uyu*, uu* F ff F* $ u Fuu <bTuuy u*
u Nu @ J s Ju Ju < <J F F N t* u Nh~> F tw Fq $ < o wF
q f oB u u JF wS< _by u J oh~> Fu Ju Jd <J Fu J wF NJu `CNua Ju tu
Ju < _by tu* N y $ wf "Fu g, NJu <wR Jvd | Fu' u* Nb

y - 108]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1651

uwu F ub oB Nw<Fw Fu yu $ ub oB Ju N Fu u Ju S J q
ubtF uu N Fu y, u tCB tu* bC Ju N Fu u JC F ty, ku,
N< u Cw waytF N Fu w F $$27-32$$

J wb y tw

J N>b> y
Ju@ J s Ju Ju < t u > J Ju
<wtyt < wS Nw tu* N N R < - F bd $

tF b<> u JF # Fu Zt, oB Ju Nu J t J aF J > <bu

y - J <bT F <J F <t<w <bTuyu* J Nu* u NJ> wu F* FN $ oB
Ju Nu F o J w F N Ju tC N< Nbbu* J <_S<w NJ Ju
<bC] F $ ou oB J NP, Nu*
Ju- <wR u <J $ Nf t* q f oJ y-uT u u, fC<] tu* su Jubu
<J ta Ju J NbJ s Jw Fq (uu*, Wd Fuw F* <J F*) J
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ubwNu* Ju ~>u>u-~>u>u wJCa tu* u Jtt u Cw FuJ bu <J $ bF tNu* u
NaJw FuJ bF t<J aJv u <w C t u fu yu Nu NCR Cb
CT Ju - <Ju <J -t~> <J F* S Nwb u -t~>bu < yo $ Jt Ju Nw Ju _S JCa u >J u t<J J NbuTd
N <J $ NbuTd Ju u wJCa tu* t<J Ju N Ju yu tu* yu C
CT Ju u $ Cb Ju J@u t<J Ju Juu* u N Ju Nu | Juu* u bu<>w Fu
yu Su $ J u* u Nb<w S $ Ju tSu Ju Ju-Td f-f
o@-@ Ju bw ba _ Ju tu* u N_w-_w Fu yu Su $ Cbd J<wbu,
tunu Ju Jd NJ tu* <yCd F t<J Ju CR w<Ju bF N J, N J
N< y, Juw N Ju J u> F S $ <<b u ww F u <J
-CT uu* Ju tC _ Ju F u d F $ J qu J tC J qu Ju tC u y FN
F $ oFu*u Jvw Ju b <Fu F* $ Fu*u a tvCw C <J F, u Jt
u NwC N d JC F*, Nu Nayu* Ju N<*y Ju fFu J qu Ju N ut td J
Fu F* $$1-12$$ u J qu Ju tu F tC <Ju F F*, fnu N tu* t_w F*, f Jtt Ju

1652

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

Jd oJu fb_wC J Nu JC~> F* F, ku* u J qu J w> J Fu F* N

~><wu* u F _wu* J t J Fu F* $ F f uJ Ju@R <bJ u <Fw Nw#Jd
u Nw wC> FN N u F JF # fFw F N J <bT F <J u uu* < Ju
NbJ Nb<_Sw F* $ NJ_twg Nu F Nu Ju uJ >u F uu* Ju <w u
JF # Fu <u, wCt uu* N oh~> Ju NC C u u <_Sw Fu, wF <_Sw Fu, t* wCt
uyu* Ju J tu* <bP u* > $ u* JFJ bu bF u F> yu $ ww J tCFqwt` tu*
t J aF J < <w Ju S auy Ju Ju Jd <bJ<w Ju <w
Fo bF n wJCa u fF <J No $ o Ju u Cbd J < f>u F u $
bu Jw tu* t<@ yJ f>u Su, Ju u` JC~>-JC~> <bJ<w (Cu F) Su $ F f>u F
Su, u tu* J u <bttC FuJ Nay t<J sd C n Fu yo $
t Ju t tu* Nu Jt Ju J < JFu,
wCtu N J uy wu <J $ t_w d Jub Jt` N Ju < F <-<J
b_wC Ju yFd tu* Jwu F* $ Fu <b<<, Nu, <k Nu Jw Ju ut u>Nu* u
wC> Ju, u*<J wu* ywg tu* _ _b<bJ _uF fn Fuw F $$13-21$$
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J Jw Fq $ g, <J <bbF Fu y F, bF <w-@ Fuu Ju Jd _bwcf
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<_S<w tu* _bt J Ju@; <Tu@, b, wb N< J Ju*yu fw

y - 109]

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1653

<wy u f<@w F bu Ju@ N< Jw tu* Ju S w unu tu* f@J F* Fu Jwu $ Fu

_b<tg, t* Nf Fq, f Fq, t Fq, t*u aJ N@ <J F; N st J<,
u*<J @C CT st F FN Jwu F* $$22-28$$
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<w S-S F CbJ u-J <J Ju*yu $ tF b<> u JF # Fu Zt,
bF wF N<bJw R u Nf < Nu t tu* <b Ju y $
Fu ! < F u tuu ybg <<b buh tb Ju w Fu yu F* $ y u <tCw Fu
u Ju Jd o tu* Ju@ J wu tu-< F* F, u tC btCw FuJ <_Sw F* $ oB
Ju F u WtuWt uy N fn-fn <<] F S*, uyu* u N <<]u*
u oJu N Nu w<J F* * $ o Ju C, #, N<W N <W
F N Nu * Jw F* $ t* <Fu* btCwu* J sd tw Fq bu f <w, st, @,
w<w N< a<w N Jt fn-fn M<] o t NJuu oF* J NZ J F F* $
Nf t* oFu* qu d Ju R tu* t F Fq $ fnu-fnu <b<> yCdu* J <_S<w Fu u Ju Jd
oFu* tuu bWw J < _td < , wu fFw Nh~> Fu $ <J u dR u u Fu CJu F*,
o< t* N t_w bWw oFu* _td Jw F $ Nf t* o JCR J y J >
f w Fq $ u <bJ N> u t<J Ju J y J Ju
bF wsd F > fw $ t u tt nu y, tu* t<J Ju
u > <J Fu N Ju tu uy@d u Cw bF u uu y u <J <>
tu* u <J Fo Juo Z <J Ju tu uw Fu $ < Fo N <k u <J Fo t J o wS
<> u J> Fo u J o u N > Ju u $$29-39$$

J N>b> y tw

J b y
f f uJ N u f JC~> J Nw N<Jw N
wC> F J abJ > Ju N<*y J N <` <fw $

tF b<> u JF # B Zt, ww N Fu J uJ N Ju

1654

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

tu <<b Ju u` <bJ<w Fu yu N bF <b_tCw bd u F JFu yu # Jt Ju

Wu* Ju t u, J u>Nu* u, <_tw u, ut bd fuu J u N
tu Ju u wCFu J t<w Ju F o u F Fu $ > u
JF # u, F u F <, t* <f <J a u > F Fq $ _b<bJ u F t*u
N NJ <w J F $ tF, o N^ tu* JC N< Ju u* Ju <td tu u t
a Jnu* -Nu* Ju R tu* NJu tu N, bF Jub NJu fu@ uu Ju < F
t*u S $ tuFb ~>unJ fu w Ju F* Su $ Fu tF, Nf wu N Iu b_wC Ju CJu F*, o< N
buw uy-@d u N<bJ f u u*yu $ Fu w[bI, N | F yJ u< $ f
> u b u JF wf uy@d Ju NCJ N f@J u N <buT f
F Nh~> wF u < $ y u uJ > Ju sJ wJ <w Nu <
|> |>* S*, fJ u tCFqwt` Ju u sw# I J < $$1-10$$
y u uJ bwt sdw Fo bwg |>Nu* J sJ J uu Ju f
t<@ u <bw Fu yu $ f t<@ >> yo, wf FT Ju tu <bJ<w F u`Jtbu u
buybJ utau* Ju Jd bw w <Ju FSu* Ju kJ N Jw > Ju |
J Ju f uu N<*y <J, u ub-ub J N<ay Ju $ t Ju Nay <bd
Fu Fu Su, |-_uF >J F S, NCNu* J @ fF F S N NCy _kCw Fu F S $ FT
u d Ju N<*y tu* u N u fu yu <tu unu Ju - u, Td<
fo yo _ N<*y J Fo u <> t<Wu* Ju-u _ N<*y <Ju F bu uu*
<wd <w- fFw u wJ <t<w F Fu $ J tCFqw Ju f < tu* u _bu >J F S,
u utau* u _S Fu yu Su, uu Nu uu* FSu* Ju <_@ <W u (<w-u) @u
@u JC~> <<S <J $ Ju Ntw u d Su, N Ju N<@ u J t u
n f S <J J I Ju tu* Juo FuwC q ww F* Fu F S Nwb bu J wF u
>J Fu yu Su $ N-N FS ~C>nJ N <J _S tu* u* Ju
J u* F bu JC~> JwJ <_Sw Fu $ |u N u <bu sd t FJ < u utt bd JFu yu # NF ! Nw t@C N _uFC,
JC <u* J NCy <Jw J Fw F, oJ bd <J wF F* Fu Jw, bF fn

y - 109]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1655

C N Ntw u _b<> Fw F, swg C^ F NCy Ju R tu* NCw Fuw F $$ Fu

Ju <W J _ba y Fu uy, o JFwu F* $

uF N u <] S F*, bu wu <W F* JFu Jwu N tu* <W JF Fw
F, oJ <Rd F* Fu Jw, o< fuu N@ uF N< J t* S u* y
JR ? o <_S<w tu* Nf <W_bR tF`C Ju u Ju < <w Ju F w Fq $
J t* J y JRy $ ww v F t_w uJu* u <tCw Fu y $ tF
b<> u JF # |Cb, u # Fu ybg, <W F, oJ
N tCHu u < N <W J _bR fwou, <u <J t* J y JR $
fF_<w u JF # NCtg, <Ww[bI tFCb Nu NFaJ Ju F <W wu F*, Nw# wC
J u F w NFb F, bF <W JF w F $ J u JF # Fu w*w Jun ubwNu* Ju
yCu, Fu tFtwu, NFb F <WR Ju Fu Jw F, u tCHu J<F, u*<J uJ tu* NFaJ
J Nt Ju R tu* <<] F, < J y J u*yu, wu w F Fu uy $$24-29$$
N Nt J y F* Fu Jw, u*<J bF y J <bT F F F*, o N u
JFwu F* $
Fu u<yu* tu* Zu>, t* wu tw Fq <J oJ y ow Nb- F <J <J wF <] Fu
F F* Jw, o< oJ y Ju Fuy ? $$30$$
F, f wJ Ju s J F* Fu w, wf wJ J y J Nb
F, wC f s J Fu w F, wf J y J Jwu F*, o N u JFwu F* $
fF_<w u JF # Fu C`, NFaJR <W J y wu ku* Ju t u N u`u* Ju
t u Nw C F, Nw# oJu y tu* w<J u F* F $ Fu w, oJ y
 Fu uy $ Fu C`, u <t t JC~>
b_wC F* F, bu F NFaJ b_wb tu* JC~> F F F* $ NI<u* J <> u F J
Nwg Fuw FN FN F, < J fJ J <> u Nwg buw Fuw F $
u >u tu* NI u <t w F NSb u CJ t<t tu* NI u <t
J I Fuw F, bu F NI u NFaJ <t F w F $ u Bt J F F, wC
tu* tuF u N 
bCbR Nt F b_wC F $$36$$
< J W t , wu ywg J J F F* Fu Juy, Nw# J N<_wb

y - 112]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1663

F, F JFwu F* $
yF N <du* tu* <w f Nu u J Jub bF J Ntb_wC
J tJw F, < J a, tCB J wayu* tu* F tJw F $$37$$
u <_S<w tu* B> N u* Ju f tu* F NFaJ F J, <J <<tW u FN,
N <J wF J F, F JF Nw F <bd F JF F F* Jwu, u JFwu F* $
B> N Ju f tu* F J- NFaJ t J b_wC F, <J FuwC u Fo N
J _bR F ? Juo JF Jw F ? Juo F* $ JF* tu* CJ @<<
Nun u u <J wCh~>, <twJ N u-J Ju F
b<] N< <bJu* u dw Fo F $$38,39$$
wf t* J Fq ?
u, J N< h~>uu* u , _bh~>, <w _bb, J f Su Ju R u
t, <t N <t`_bR wCt Fu $$40$$
"bSttg' o J f Su J w NS F, oJu >wbJ wu F
Jw J aF Jwu F* $
u u* <Nua tu* <_Sw k, C N Wu* J FuwCw ba w bsu* tu* Fub
F, bu F wCt t_w ywg J Jdw N w w Fub b F <_Sw, Nw
<bt, Nw, < <t_bR F Fu $ Fu J, N^>-N t`_bR fu F wCF
F <h~> NFafC<] J- F NSwg Juo F* $41$$
J Fb y tw

J fFb y
J J N<J u fC] F t Ju u b<>
NJ J s Jubu <tCT J N-JS $

tF b<> u JF # Zt, ubyC u N Nt Ju tt Ju S

u J yJ , C, _ J, |, fu, bF J, u N< bF
Jwu F N F* F, <JwC b<] f F tS F, o J J
b J Jwu F* u <t <t`_bR f F <u,
u*<J f F ywg Ju R tu* <bb<ww FuJ fa<Fw (<bJ<w) F $ Nw# ywg u < F*
F $ t_w S f w-R F <_Sw F wf t_w ywg a<bwgR F F, F t
<F, q Jv F* F $ y Ju t u f F Jub a<bwg J _kCd F <bt F
wf F q F, F u < F, o< <tI JF u FN $ <wu NJ F*
ftu* J a<bwg J F N<_wb Fuu u abu J N<_wb F N Ju t J F N<_wb F,
o< f@ N tus F <J wF Ju ? Fu Zt, F tus F, F f@ F o< t_w
<k N<tR <wNu* J fbJ yJ bJg N< t_w o<Bu* Ju <b
J t, <wu<B wS t N t u <Fw FuJ Nu u N< Ju Ju Jwu F
NFaJ<Fw N tFt F fJ <_Sw <Fu $$23-30$$

w F* N ou N<ww u Juo <w F* bu Nw Ju wF Ju du* Ju R tu*
w Fu w F* o wF ywg J _S<w Fuw F $$13$$
<tw <@u* tu* <w Ju Jd <u* J Jv J y F, b_wCw# J <w
F* F, oJu JFwu F* $
o a tu* wu <JJ f@ F N tus F, Jub Jt` f <bJu* u f F
F $ otu* wu u F N F* F, o< Fu g f@ N tus Ju t Ju
ku*JJ <Ju a J F F F*, u wCt NR f F Fu Nu $$15$$

J `Fb y tw

J N>Fb y
JF u Jf <JJ <JJu F <> FCo F
o< u* J W wS Nt Ju u* J tC bd $

fu Fu C] a<bwg Ju bb tu* <<tW fwwu F* $

tC u JF # Fu g, u wayRw Ju w Fuw F, bu F wwg-wwg a_Ju* u
<b<` Nb tu* C]w J <w<ff_bR a<b<W aJv J Nu tC Fuw FCo
b_bRw Ju w Fuw F* $$1$$ <@R u N<bw FC o a tu* (t<> N <>R
t Ju J tu*) bu b J J>wu-<kwu F* $ < tC ~> wu C-C# J Nu*
J tuF t tu* Fw F, Nt tu* F* $$2$$
N Nt t tu* aJ C#u* u d d N<bbuJ Fu NSb <bbuJ
Fuu a Ju C#u* u <btCw FCN b Ju <o uw F, < u NaJ J ,
wu JFwu F* $
u y<w FC Bt Ju Jd N FC <o uw F bu F Nw#Jd wS
tsJR Ju dt Ju Jd NCbt`_bR Nt <o uw F $ tub
wu NuJ u* Ju <o uw F N yC Ju F <o uw F bF wu N [b_S
(NFw-ttw u ) fC<] u F Nu N <o uw F $$3,4$$
uFu< tu* NFw N ttw J w <J wF u <F, ou >wbJ _>
fwwu F* $
u ty tu* y-uT fC<] u <SJ uu wu F* bu F N [b_S fC<] u F o
N oB N< J NbuJ J <F $ u* Ju otu* N fC<] J

y - 118]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1677

<F N oFu* b N< Ju w <F $ St`w tu* N (u bu F*

bu) bu CbJ F Ju* $ Fu g, N fC<] u uF< St` J ( S
@d J) u F yJ Nu Nw#Jd Ju w fJ C] Nt<> u Ntb
C Fu Nu $ "uF t* F F' F u fC<] F bF a tu* kub F, o< tCtCsC CTu*
Ju u fC<] J F* N <F $ <J*<t` JaJ <tu* F* F u u
<t`_bR F R J t* NJ u t F - F u < fC<] F bF a tu*
kub F* F $$5-9$$
fF N w Nay <<w Ju bu u n ywg Ju _kCd tu* NCR >w fwwu F* $
u <t Ju fF N w f yF JJ wu Fw F, bu F f b_wCNu* tu*
fF N w f yF Nt Fw F* $ u Nay (Ju) N<R NTdu* J NJ Cbd
Ju F Nbbu* J J b<c F, bu ywg wS oJ n tR NJ Nt J F
JNu* J J b<c F $$10,11$$
JR tC Ju < Nt tu* Ny_ tC< J Nu J Nw NbJ F, ob< u NJw aJ JR y tu* <dtFR wayu*b
yR < < <t w F* $ wS< d y J sJ Fuu N
wJ <J w<w Fu J, uu JR y J u Jw F, Nt_bR tFNy_
J Fu g, N -b Jwu <Fu $ Ntw o uF< tF tu* Ntw J yJ
o uF< tF Ju Nt tHJ <b<J b tu* R Fu JJu yR u
CbJ _Sw <Fu $$12-14$$
<_bR Nt J Fuu J N@wJ <w u tC Ju uJ Fuw F,
oJu JFwu F* $
u _wJu> Ju uu FC fhu Ju J J t Nu fhu Ju < uw F bu F
Nt Ju < F tC uw F $ Ju > Fu u F d Nt Ju N N Nt
J "F, t* t y, t* NS Fu y, F Nf wu t* <fJC > F Fu y' u* <b Jw
F $ u _ Ju Jd J F J Ju NJu* tu* <o uw F bu F aJvb
u F < f F J Ju NJu* tu* J u fw F $ Fu C`, wCt aJvR
JaJu* u <tCw <W Ju Nt tu* _S<w JJu <k w-u Fuwu FC (u*<J t
t d a J <w Fu u @ uyJu uy Ju <w J NbuT
F w F) bF Ju < uFuB< J _ Fuu J Nt`w Fuu u
a_ f J o o bFd <t tu* _b_S N C FuJ _Sw Fu N o
J Jwu Fu $$15-18$$

J N>Fb y tw

1678

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

J b y
<b N N<bR Nt<wu* Ju N
N J < Fu u u f@ N tus tu* CT J _bw`w Fw F, F bd $

"_u&a_<tbuF <w>' (o bF<t tu* uFuB< _ Fuu _

f Ju _b_S N C fJ Fu) oNu* u tHJ tC tF JFwu F* $
tC u JF # bJ F tt b@<td N<b<w u N<bu* Ju tu
_ba<>R <JNu* u fhu* J o Jn <J Jw F N <bu* Ju tu <>aFR
<b<w u t <> J aF JJu J>_S N Nt tu* b _Sw Fw F $$1$$
y u bW FC uw tu* u <><w J Nu N Fuw F bu F b u <bW
FC uw tu* aF<w J Nu N F Fuw F, ou JFwu F* $
y u bW otu* _ba F u <w Fu w F, w uwu F* $
B, , N<, wwuF ba N< J b; bsu* Ju Wu N< wS Hu* Ju
Jd u Jvw F*, bu F fFwg o f tu* ywg J wS ywg-yFJ fC<] J <b<`w
Jvw F F* $ bF f Nf - FuJ NI<u* Ju < C# FuJ Nb_Sw F $$3,4$$
bJ _baJ Nt J Fu wS NBq ba J ywg J
Fu, F J fn N F N o wF J N Jt` N|<>w|>> t
Ju f u F FCN F, ou JFwu F* $
Fu ww, NFu ! <bb Ju tuF tu* > uub F t J <b<` F, <Ju f u d
Nayu* tu* (f N NtJ Su tu*) w N fF f yF w Nt Ju F b
F* u w $$5$$
wf <J b u Nt Ju uJ F b C Fuy ? u Fuu b Ju
JFwu F* $
F a <Bq d F, (d tu* u y N< <w<J F* bu F f tu* F
ywg <w<J F F b_w<bJ F* F $)
o wF J b J F u d N oh~> > J tuFR Fu* fdu* u
J ~>>ub fR Jb <Fu FC Fw F bF C F $$6$$ (o C_w ay

y - 120]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1679

Ju J u J oh~> ubu uJ d Ju <F <J bF) NFtS u NFaJ u

<btCw wS <t[bJ Nw#Jd u " S NJ Ju <@ <Bq f F F'
u b Ju* $$7$$ B, F Nh~> F N F Nh~> F* F, o J J b F NJu C#
J Jd F $ f bF b b` t<>R N J w N _ba F J> >u, u*<J bF
y-uT J FuwC F $$9$$ Fu g, wCt Fu t<@ u f NSu J b J N Ju FuwC
@tN@t Ju ay J ~>u Ju <k Wt tw (fb) w J uJ<Fw Fu Nu $$10$$
Fu C`, fu Fu wCt _wC Ju <bbuJ Ju > <tJNua tu* |JwJ _S Fu N Nw tu* wb*
<tJ tu* <bsuR <bTtw J NwJ <w u <w t, C N <tJ u Cw Fu
wCt < w f Nu $$11$$

J b y tw

J fb y
tC<w Fubu CT Ju < N J w, tCw Fuubu Ju < S N
tCw FC CT Ju < Nyu J w-u* w <tJNu* J bd $

"a tu wbtg' o Fu y Ju uJa u <tJ Ju NU J u k JF y F

k J <w tu* Jdw u Ny-Ny <tJ F* J bd Jwu F* $
tC tF u JF # Fu g, fu Fu N u* J ay<w u N fC<] f
<F, F uy J uy J F <tJ JF y F $ <JT F F <J @wC> J
<w wS yC ba w (F>) N< J Fw uJ <J y Zbd F F <tJ
F N F <W Jd tu* y F $ t <tJ F, Nay N<w Nt J
b << w <tJ F N w[bsJ u NI N< << a J
<b<W Jub <b t J S <tJ F, F S <tJ Nb Fa Jw bu F bF
tu* uy o <tJ tu* Nw FuJ f bFu* u F Fw F $$1-3$$ ~>> <tJ
_b-abuR Fuw F ~>> <tJ J _bR _bbw# F > Fuub fJCbb<W

1680

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

F $ oJ NJ Jt` N| F N oJ _S<w CTCw CT J- Fw F $

fJCbtJ b<WR wCb_S (N) (~>> <tJ) <tu* w N dwR F, otu*
Jub d_bJ_bR f F Nb<> F w F $ fu Wt tC<wR u wCww
Nb_S F, bF f <buFtC<w tu* b<w Fu w F, wf <bw u<yu* J <bT F* Fuw $
o wua tu* u Fu J w <tJ <bt F*, bu ywgR F F* N S u <tJ F bF
wu _b F JF y F, u*<J tu* ywg _b Ju Fw F $ N Ju S Jb Fu
u u b* Nb_S CTCwR F wS N Su Ju I u <Fw Jt` _babuR ~>>
<tJ wC u JF w F $ wCww u JFub Nb_S wb* <tJ fu
Nwt F $ F Nb_S t N bd u u F wS Jub _bJfR F F $$4-9$$
wb* <tJ tu* f u* J yt tu* >J->J F* Fuw, bF btCwt<w CT F, F N>> <]w F $$11$$
wb* <tJ tu* btCw Ju J NCb Fuw F, ou JFwu F* $
t* wu tw F w F, F t* wu wg F Nwg F, uu C NCb u Nu
_bR tu* F Nt Jw FCN bF CT wt <tJ tu* _Sw Fw F $ F J tCw
_bR JF y F $$12$$ bF Jw Fu, Fu bF u <bw Fu, yF_S Fu, Fu NJu
<bd Jub <w Fu, awC CT "t* Nwg R F* F, <J*wC <bC] wR F' u
< Ju u uJ u <tCw F Fw F $$13$$ t* <w F* F,N F, y F,
bNu* u F N <t wR NJ F, u tJ CT uJ u ~>> w F $
t* Nw N N wdu* Ju Nyy tu*, Nt NJ tu* Nw J tu*, tCu* tu*, yu* tu*,
ubwNu* tu* u <] t`_bR F, Jg<t`_bR bF t* F, u* J <k o
aR uJ u y_w F* Fuw $ , u ba Ny-fy b` <Bq tu F t<Ft
JR u <bt F, o J Nt <bu*bu tt J t<Ft J J
u CT Fuy, u t-td N< C#u* u Cw Fuy ? $$16,17$$
u btCw CT F*, J b <bTuuy Ju N@ F, Nw# <bT J Fuu
N J w <tJNu* Ju J tJ ~>> <tJ Ju < wCSSJ wC J
uy <J y F $
(N)

y - 121]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1681

u NI Ju C# w Fuw F bu F I Ju C# w Fuy, u NaJ J

JC~> <buT JFu Ju < <bT J Fuu I Ju C# J <W <J <w u Fuw
F, u fwwu F* $
N<w uJ NI CT < NS J ub Jw F bF u Nww# C uw F $
u u NS Nww# CJ Fuw F bF wsd F u C#J Fu w F $ o <w
u F fw <] Fu y <J C N C# S-S F wu F* $$18$$ wCS< <tJNu* tu*
_bv b u Cw Fu wt <tJ tu* <fJC b<Fw FuJ u CT < NS J
ub Jw F bF NS CT Ju < CJ Fuw F N J tu* C#J F
Fuw F $$19$$ Fu N|, b<tCw fC<] u u Jt <J w F bF Jt u FC f Ju
Fw F bF <k NaJC F* Jw $$20$$ Fu <, uF, oB N< <-J
Ny FCN B Ju w d ICT <w u Ju tJu y w F $$22$$
uFR ut Ju bs u J F N J y JtR o J < IR bC u Jw
FuJ u nJ JF w F $$23$$ g, <wu NI Ju Na F* (J), bu f
< f-f J <J wu, > Fu wu F*, F <] F $$24$$ <J*wC F u
IJ F, bF < w J f Fu , wu b <t tu* fuu yu @ Ju
fbJ < < fw F w F, > F* Fuw $$25$$ u ubu* tu* tCB tu* way
N< Ju R tu* Jub _bh~> F _kCw Fuw F, bu F t_w b_wCNu* tu* <bbR J
Nt F _kCw Fuw F, F*, Nw# Fu <, F u a F, u wCt w[bI u
NuT aJvu* u <Fw R N<w f F u $$26$$
J fb y tw

J oJb y
FuJ b a tu ak w F N < b u FuJ b
a u tCw Fu w F uu* bNu* J tCtF Wt <Rd $

< Nt <<wR f F F, wf J b t Jf wJ Fw F ? o
JFwu F* $
tC tF u JF # Fu g, CT Ju (Nt Ju) f wJ <bTuy J N<T f
Fw F, w wJ J bt Fw F $ F N<T N<bbuJ Ju Jd F u Fuw F,
b_wb tu* F* $ f <bbuJ u <bTuy J N<T > Fu w F, wf Nt N bR
~>unJ <<bJ FuJ f_bR Fu w F $$1,2$$

1682

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

Jt` uy J N<T F b Ju _by, J N< tu* * u w F, Nw# u ~>un u

<F, u* JFwu F* $
Fu g, Jtb u Ju uJ u u Ju uJ tu* wS u Ju uJ u Ju uJ tu* |
J wJ Nbyt J Fu wCt aR F> J uy<wR C tu* |nu Ju k tw
Nu $$3$$
<w C J <bTu* Ju S f@ fwwu F* $
"u C`, J` N< tuu F* N t* o C`, J` N< J F' o wF Ju tuF u bFR
t J u t> ub Jwu F*, bu u u u J Nu wu F* $$4$$
f@ J NCb J, Ju t Jd wN Ju ~C>n Fu tC tF
Ny J k buJT fwwu F* $
"C`, J` N< J t* f@ F N C`, J` Nun < F, bu tFCb u J
Nu wu F* $ Fu , Nu N F J<w Fu Fu Nu _bR J | F NZ J f>
Nu N t_w ywg Ju d <JR F uu $ < t tu* F wCt J Ju
d wS N^>w wt J _bR Nuyu, t a w Nuyu N
tubR Fu Nuyu $$5-7$$
bt ywg J wu Jw F F*, <k bF tubR Ju f uy ? o aJ
JFwu F* $
f, oB, <bdC N bd <-< b_wC J <td Ju Ju < w F*, fJ
<Bq t* F <td Jw F, u b J <F $$8$$
u <w <J F*, bu f N F*, tu* w[bbuW CT N Jwb J Ju b
Juy, u < <J Ju NaJ Fu, wu bF Cw F* F, u*<J <w Jv F*, bu Nt
J w u F*, o N u JFwu F* $
u-u F*, Fu bu b<J Fu* Fu Nb<J, tu* < t <-< tw J
<w <J w F, Fu C`, bF f F F, u*<J <g-<b <J wF J NaJC
F* F $$9$$
a Ju Fu u u J- F, o JFwu F* $
u CT fw_bR f y F, Nwb u aR tC u Fu CJ F N
<J <W <b Fu y F, uu tFCT Ju u t w Fuw F, J t <J
N u Jw F J t Fu F F* Jw $ <JT F FS y <J a Ju
Fu u u CT Ju <Rt t J <w Wt F $$10$$
f J w Ju uJ < N ywg Ju R F* twu, wu wR N<W N
uy $ < "u<w u<w' o< ZC<w Ju N@ ywg Ju R twu F*, wu fJu

y - 122]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1683

Jubu tub J Rw F* f Jw $ N < ywg w J R F* F, wu w J

J I F F* Fu Juy, u*<J R J JF* I F* Fuw $ < ywg Ju w J
R t < , wu w <bJ Fu uy $ < ywg NtR t , wu Nay
Nt Ju S J f@ Fu Ju u Nt J W N _k<w ywg tu* Fu F* Juy $
< NtR tu*, wu ywg J I u f@ F* Fu Juy, o< uTu* J - N<bwb
J NbfJ F Jwu F* $
F ywg wu NR F, R F, N<Bq F, <Bq F, NtR F N
NtR F F, <J*wC N<b F, u* b Jwu FC wCt _Sw Fu $$11$$
wf ywg <J wF u w Fu w F, o JFwu F* $
o Nt J t<SJ_bR w J s J N<b w Fu w F $ Juo
tus tJ wu u F, tus t J Juo J F N Juo _S<w F tus tb F $ F
u bR J<w (N<b) F, bF NFaJR tuF Ju Fu w F, wf J J Ju Su Ju Fu w F, J, >J N< <bTu* J J^> > Fu w F N Ju
u <bJv<bt J fR FuJ CbJ
Nb_Sw Fw F $$14$$
J oJb y tw

J fob y
C Ntfu@ u wS wCww tu* _Sw
btCw <w J < J sdu* u tC bd $

"<_w<#uT<bJv<bb' (Ju u <bJv<bt <b Fu wu F* $) o< u u

uy J _S<w JF y F, J <b_wbJ bd Jwu F* $
tC u JF # < <J CT Ju bu* u i>J < y, < <J CT Ju <
< y wS F-JF* u ub uy, t>g J o, () Cu<w Fuw F $$1$$
Ju NS <] <ba J bd Jwu F* $
t> J o tCu* Ju N J tb<@ tu* FCu FC o $ F
t NI<u* J <> u y F, w[bI<u* J <> u wu wF Ju btCw <w
Ju N J t F F* F; u*<J "wu bu <bwwu' o< ZC<w u <F^y Ju N
wJ <bTR <fCNu* J tFy fwJ t J Juo t F F F*,
F <w <J y F $
()

_>R u u y u wCR F u <buTR u f Nh~> wF u JF # Fu tB, NFab wS wg N Nwg J y JJu u Nw,
t N _bh~> _bR _Sw Fw F bF wCR F $ btCwu* tu* <J N<wt _S<w F,
u _bh~>, tR N w F, u bFJ tu* "s J Nb_S' <] F bF wCb_S
JF w F $$22-24$$
ywg N< Nb_SNu* u Ju aJ J <bd Jwu F* $
aJvu* J Nb Fu u F Nb_S ywg F, _b F N NI J Nb Fu u
F CTCw F F $$25$$
N<w wC Nb_S yw< wJ tu* btCwu* Ju Ju Fu Jw F ? wF fC] FC (I) CTu* J wC JFwu F*, F a NfC] (NI) CTu* Ju
< _SR u Nb_Sw F $ NFaJ J y Fuu f tw J <W Fu w F wf
tu* Jnu* Ju t <W Ju y u wCb_S _Sw Fu w F $ Fu
ubut Zt, oJu Nw Nf N o >w Ju C<u, u t* JF F F, u fC] FC
N N N<@J fu@ Ju w Fu u*yu $ <J J <b_ww |u ay tu* tFt @d J f>u
FC <J J NgCw tC< Ju uJ fd u <b] Nwb yu FC ty Ju ~>u nu Fu J @
u tC # Fu tCu, tuu fd Ju | FCN J ty F N S, bF JF
y ? o wF J @ J CJ tC< u @ Ju W < $ Fu @u, Ft
ay Ju <b tC< f t bu Fuwu F* $ bFu* tu* tS u NFaJ Fw F bF Ft
uyu* tu* F F* $ Fu u, d oBu* J J NJu NFaJR t F Jw F N bF tu
t <#uF <J u <fJC y<w Fu CJ F $ ywg, _b N CTCw tJ <J
Ju t* F* w, Jt` wC tu* t* Nb_Sw Fw F, F F* Fw $ Fu |b,
tC<Zu> J u b CJ bF fFu< Ju NS Ju tHJ N N> < J
Nu y $ o< t* JFw F <J Fu tFfFu, wC u N Juo F* F $ <<bJv <wg
F wC F N bF F <bt F, N JC~> F* $$26-35$$ u*<J ywg, _b N
CTC<w - u wu* <W Ju R F* $ ( N< yCdu* J @w u w <by JJu w Nb_SNu*
Ju wu F*) |u, w N t - u* w R u N <W F Nb_Sw F $$36$$ ywg
Nb_S J <W |u F, _b-Nb_S J <W w F N CTCw b tu* _Sw F t <W $
N< w yCdu*b t J h~>u Fu u o wu* u F FCN <W tw F $$37$$
u<yu* Ju Nb<> @ Ju uy Ju <, _t tu* Cw J o, tw<W tu* Jub
[ba F f w F, N wt Ju Na J wu u F* Fw, F JFwu F* $

1690

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

u tw <W F tu* Jt` [b F, _t tu* Cw J o, tR u _Sw Fw F $

o J t_w uy t<@ Ju NU u fnu Ju S Jwu F* - Jwu
F*, u*<J bu <W tu* <tw N<@J Fu u _btC J F N<bb Fw F $$38$$ Fu
tB, t_w aJvu* Ju <bu* u tCw wC tu* N aJ Nt Ju f
<bJu* u fJ N _Sw <Fu; <tu* <w _Sw FJ NuJ fnu-fnu tC<
u Ju w JJu F tCw Fu CJu F* $$39$$

J fb y tw

J b y
w Ju NR wS <]ww wC tu*,
F b<u* Ju t Fuw F, _Sw J bJ bd $

Nt Ju u JJu bW FC ZC<w, _t<w, o<wF, Cd N< t_w u* J t <]w

d w J N J F F, bF w Fu b J N u JF # Fu |b, t_w w J N J F J Nt u*
J t <]w F $ F wu N<b F N t F F, <JwC u* u (N) <J I
F* Fu Jw, u d Bbu* u <Fw < Nus f F F $$1$$
ZC<w N< Ju <]wu* J I Fuu u F N fC<] Ju bb u ywg Ju t J
NbuTd Jubu b<u* J u bh d <wNtJ tf f Ju <bT tu* fC<]
tu* <b<` uT N u Ju Jd NuJ wF J - Jv FCN Jw F*, F JFwu F* $
w, <R, _bh~>,b` JR u <bt wS ty <wu* u tbw "f'
o Jvw t tu* F N-N fC<] Ju NC NuJ wF Ju <]wu* J Jv JJu
Juo , Juo <bIt` N Juo obR JFwu FC N tu* <bb <J Jwu F* $ Fu N|,
tw o tF J y JJu t Ju S-S d ou* Ju u* Ju
t u tFt f ou $ ww t<Fw, sd<W N w fC<] FuJ dR
<t tu* JR Fuwu FC yyu, N@u N f<@ Ju wt fJ N Nu _bR tu*
_Sw <Fu $ Fu |b, Nu-N < NawtC wS Nu N dfC<] FuJ at< <tJNu*
Ju w uu Ju Jd yw Nb_S tu* _Sw Fuwu FC CTCw - u _Sw FuJ N Jt
Jwu <u $ w u fJ y Jwu FC N fF u @-w Ju Ju Jwu <Fu $
otu* "wu bu <bw N t F' F ZC<w td F $ B<bn u o
<bT tu* JF F # "tua f <JtS <t<w uwg, <]a wC <bwJbwg $'
(N)

y - 126]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1691

<W J W F t C# N <W J NW F t C F, o< Fu |b, <uJR Fuwu

FC N < N N< J NC@ JJu <W J J Jwu F* $
N b_wC Ju uJ S Ju t tb tu* _Sw F <F $ f, owu F
Nu u F a w < w F $$8$$ C-C# N o uu* Ju @u* J (ay Ju J u J oh~> ubu d Ju) J <w J <F $ f, owu F
Nu u Nw C w Fuw F $$9$$ FC t^>bu aJ Ju dB Ju Fu
y F, u tt_bR Ju w FCN w[bI Nu N btC<w C Ju w Jw F $
@w Ju J fF u Jw FCN bF w u JC~> F* Jw $$10$$

J b y tw

J ~>fb y
uy<tJNu* J NUJt wS sd,
t tu* tC Fu u uy ba tw tu* N< J bd $

"yub CTCw_S# JCJt<d |b' (Fu |b, ywg J tu* F CTC<w tu* _Sw-u
FuJ N Jt Jwu <) o Jwu FC ZtB Nu u w y w ub <tJNu* J <by
u Ju < Ju sd N NUJt Ju ~>wu F* $
ZtB u JF # Fu tCu, wu* <tJNu* J NU Ju <J w F wS uJ
<tJ tu* uy Ju < <J wF Ju Fuwu F* $$1$$
~>u yu <tJNu* Ju NUJt Ju JFu J oh~> ubu tF b<> "J
N<@J b<W Ju N<@J u < F*, u* u JF # Fu t, buty tu* _Sw CT u wF Ju Fuwu F* - J bW
N <bW $ (b<Wty J <SJ _by J N<T ub wS <b<Wty J <SJ
tus J N<T Fuw F $) _by N Nby J Nu tC FC o uu* J sd (t* JFw F)
N C F* tHwu $ Sun-fFCw Wt N@t uyu* u F a

1692

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

F tuu < fu Nh~> F $ () u* <J bu<w<w <, <t<WJ, J Jtu Ju u

Jw F bF CT bW JF y F $$3$$
<bW CT J sd JFu J oh~> wu FC tF b<> <b<W tu* FuwCR <bbuJ J
bd Ju Ju < J Cw fwwu F* $
u bdy tu* _Sw fnu J~C> J y NuJ f J^> Ju ~>u tu* FuJ u
fF <Ju bdtCB Ju J F N_b uw wS Ju bZu> tw FCo
sy Ju Ju JC~> F* w, <J*wC J Ju t s N s uu* yu* Ju J
yF <tu J Nb Nu uu* Ju R <~>B tu* yb J bu Fuu s y Ju
J N_b uJ "sy Ju J Nus sy J JF* N<@J_bCw F' - u*
<bbuJ FuJ bF yb sy Ju tu* F Nw Fu w F; bu F b Fu
<bT_b Ju F bZu> _b tw FCN NuJ tu* Ju f Naw tu* u Fuu
Nt Ju J N_b uJ <bbuJ fJ tu* Nw Fu w F $$4$$
oJu <J wF J <bbuJ Fuw F, F JFwu F* $
NFu, a J F b_S <fJC N F $ o b_S u tCHu twf F, NC<w
dtbu o Jtu u F t* N < u* ybw F $ <J<w <W, <w N <bJ<wR
a_Ju* u <tCw (J>_S) t <bZ<w J _S J Fu Jw F ? u* <bJ u Nu
Nw#Jd tu* "tCHu oJ Nb J <F' - o wF Ju < u Cw Fw F bF
CT <bW JF y F $$5,6$$
<bW CT J St <tJ <w J Jt JFwu F* $
t* <by fJ <J wF ay Ju w , o wF Ju Nu* tu* bF <w |d Ju y w F, u*
Ju <~>u FC uTu* J bF g|> F* Jw N _ba C^ Jtu J F ub Jw F $Nu
wS u* Ju t tu* uy FCubu ba Sunu Zt u tFkbu t, <t N< Jtu
J bF ub Jw F, u >w F N uyu* tu* Nb Fuu Ju Jd bF J
J N<T F* Jw $ bF _uF N d u d, Jut, , < N <FwJJ wS
u N J Ju Cw b fuw F $$7-11$$
o wF Ju yCdu* u <b<> CT wgZbd<@JR St <tJ tu* Nbww Fuw F,
F JFwu F* $
o <bT tu* J fn Nh~> <w F, C<w $ wC <<bTa tusa J<< ywt $$'

()

y - 126]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1693

< t buw yCdu* u Cw Fuw F t bF F Cuh~> tJ J <tJ tu*

w Fuw F wS t, Jt ba bd u <w, <w, I N <bI u CTu*
J ub Jw F $ <-<J yF u u* J ub Ju NCJ @ N< @ C>J
J ub Jw FCN bF Ju tC u IJ u* J Cdu* ba tus@t J <w
Jub Nt-a<FwNu* J Zbd Jw F $ ay Ju w u Ju < o wF Ju
 FCN JF y F, <J*wC w
@wC> N< <W u u F CT F bF wu Ntu* Ju NbuJ tu* Nw
Fuw FCN y N< Ju Jd N<@J CT Ju >y->y J Ju w @ Jw F, o< bF baJ JF y F $ oJu f N<@J J <w Fuu
u bF <btJ uy<tJ tu* Nbwd Fuw F $$12-14$$
bF bF J Jw F, u fwwu F* $
t bF ZC<w, _t<w, , @d, N Jtu tu* w Fubu* Ju t
tu* Nt u* J _w Ju Ju Jd <Fu*u Nh~> <w w J F uu
Zu> ^>wu* J NZ Jw F NSwg Zbd-t< yCNu* J (N) d tu* w F $ _ba Jd
N< T>ayu* J Nh~> Iw Fuu Ju Jd u* wS bh N<R Ju NSu ba sd,
a N< Ju <byu* J Sun- N<Zw t, N<t,
t, tuF N u J N<@Jw Fw F u bF wF ~>un uw F, < wF
Ju*C Ju $ u* buw Nu* u b<w Nw#Jdb bF CT, u <J <tJ
tu* FC CJ F, , yC N u* J ub u d tw[b Ju Nh~> wF w
F $$15-18$$
o wF <tJ tu* FCu FC CT J w <tJ tu* bu fwwu F* $
oJu Nw NaytJ N w u <tJ tu* bF CT uu Fuw F, u
Jw N Jw J <t C $$19$$ Nt<bTJ u* Ju Nw NtR
bS tu* ("NFa f_t' "w[bt<' o< bS tu*) N fC<] Ju <wbJ _S<w
J w_bu* Ju NZtu* tu* <bZtu* u, Ntu* J JSNu* Ju Jtu* u wS bu F a J
< Jubu b Ju @Jtu* u S J \>R N Fu N NC
ybw F () $ <W Ju t u u<w Fuubu wS Nayw Ju C u bb Ju <bF
(N)
()

uu<t<d# Zu<`a f<>tg $' o< $

u uu* uJ b<tJNu* Ju NCbR F* $

1694

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

u bF <wtg Nu J Ju <fww F, u<J yb tu Fu N<@J <bsu Fuu Ju Jd

t<@ Ju NU J <w <bF F* Fu Jw F $$20-22$$
<W Ju Fuu CSJ tu* b J u <tJNu* Ju @tu J NCd Nw
NbJ F, ou <wu F* $
Nt <bTJ wg-u* Ju NU u wS C^Jtu Ju <<tW u b J F Nt<>
SS kCvw Fuw F $$23$$
"Nayw Ju C u ' o <w J <by J Jwu F* $
w <tJ tu* FCJ I CT u wF Ju Nay J _ba NCb Jw F $ Fu Zt,
N Ju o u Ju C $ N uF J <JNu* J Jw wS <JNu* Ju ku* J uw
t* F* F, u*<J t* <<J wS <ww F $ u* J <JNu* wS Ju ku* J t* f
N f@J F* F, u*<J F $$25$$ o wF Ju bJt u <<tw N ob Ju N@ F $
otu* tu Jw[b J ? u <b_ww uy (<bT) Nw tu* w Fuu Ju Jd tFuy F* wS u
W t N<W F*, u*<J oJu N sd Ju < tCu* Ju J
Ju u Fu nwu F* $ auy f <buy Ju < F F* N u t<J <w fC<] J <@
F*, f Su Ju Ju F J wu Fu* <y u Ju < F _wCw Fw
F $ o wF N_S Fuu u "w[bt<' "NFa f_t' o< bSu tu* a <Wbu CT
J d Sua tu* u NwJ Nb F bF t Nay JFw F $$26-29$$
b <tJNu* tu* ay N< u* u o Nay J <w NU J <F, F
JFwu F* $
o buw NUuy u, tFtNu* J ay<w, Cu* J Nay<w u, Zbd-ttJ
Nt<bu* Ju Nw#Jd tu* uy u (Nbw u) () wS yw NUuy Nu
CT u ay Ju , fJu , tJdw Ntw[b Ju - td N tu
J Nab Ju < F_wtJbwg R u f _> Fu u >J u
F Ntb_wC F, o <bb J <bT Fu u t* Jw F* F, <J*wC ob F Jw F; b
t tu* <J y bwtJ tu* <J F tu Juo Jt F* F o< Nb N Ju
<wuy N< Ju <bT tu* <bJv Jub S b Ju fFCw ku*JJ u w
tR u F F bF Zu> Nay JFw F $$30-33$$ w, fF, , u,
<Nu* tu*, NJ tu*, Su tu*, NSu tu*, n tu* N < tu*
fF w N< b_wCNu* tu* Nf FuJ _Sw u _bJ<Bq, w,
NJJ u NJ Ju t _bh~>, J N y, N< - Nw u <Fw wS
()

u<u ybg fd J ` # "Nb<WJCuwg'$

y - 126]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1695

u Nw Jw f F bF Zu> Nay JF w F $$34,35$$

~>un y | - u fJu f Fuwu FC F wBq Fu wu F*, <J <buTR u (SJgR

u) yFw F* Fuwu bu F f b u <-N_bR, bs, tJd, <uJ
f tu* FuJ t* wBq F Fu y F, SJgR u t* yFw F* Fuw $$29-33$$
"<Ja <<Ja wa <ba <atg' o< ZC<w Ju S N NCb <tJ
fwwu F* $
<, b, w, buT<Fw, <a, <J, <<J, Jub C] bF f t* F
F $ Fu N u u <tCw _bR, oB<Fw, Jt` Nu aJv u NBq o
ywg J W Ju tu* tS Bq, Jub C] f F t* F $ C^ N u <Fw, ywg
J t Jd, N<w, NR, N ub uyU CT Ju $ o <w u f J NU J Fu @J
CT J t f tu* N_w Fu w F N Ju t Ju N_w Fu u Nt _ba J<w
Fuu y w F $ J Fuu d C#u* J Nw Fu w F N Nt tu* C Nb<w
Fuu yw F wS Nt _ba F Nu-N Nu N_bR Ju w Fuw F $$34-39$$
Ju N_bR Ju w Fuw F, o JFwu F* $
tCHu N<ww Juo <t C F* F $ NJu t* F f F, u* Nt w
u J<w Fuw F $$40$$
o wF Ju JFu yu NCb Ju CJ wC> FC bvt<J tC< Ju
NCb Ju Ju Ju < Nb JwR u "wb <F wIua wC# Jg a tg'
o< ZC<w u <] a J u uwu F* $
bvt<J tCunJ Jt` f tu* F <f <J
<bsu Ju Nw Fu Nu, u*<J "fa_Su&twbtu<w' o ZC<w Ju NC F <w
F <J <J u tu* w FJ Jub f tu* Nw FC a J F t-<Fw
<w J <w Fu w F $ w F <J Jt` a Ju F <w-C <tw
F $$41$$ u JF # Fu yCu, NJu JF y F f I tCHu Nbyw Fu y, tu
fC<] Jt <t Fu y, Nf tu F a <J wJ F* <>J Jw $ ybg, Nf t*
F Fw F <J I<u* Ju < J Jt <b<Fw F, Fua Jtu J NC>
F* J <F, < J <F wu, u* Jub b<WR Jtu J NC> J <F,
<b<WR Jtu J () $$42,43$$
">Jt J Nus NSJt fb Fuw F' o Ju NC o uJ tu*
u u <Ju F* $ tu* F F F - btCw I Ju Jtu J NC> J
()

1714

Z uyb<> tFtd

[<bd-Jd b@

fu Fu wCFu* J <<T] Jtu J ba I<bu@ <bsu N< uTu* Ju Jubu

N Jtu J yJ Ju NU I f <F $ oJu f wCt _ba
F "I Ju Jt Ju Fuwu F*' o J W Nuyu $ f Jt# wwg-wwg <tJ
Fu w F $ wf wwg-wwg Jtu J <w u Fuw F J t wCt NCb J
Jwu Fu N @ Jtu J <b<`w Fuu Ju Jd I<u* J JR u _S<w <o
nu u "I<u* Ju Jt btJ F F* <b[tJ F F*' - u <t wu Juo F* J
Jw $ o N u bvt<J tF W uwu F* $
bvt<J u JF # o< d Jtu Ju y Ju S f tu* Jt` Nw Fu F
at Ju <bwJ I tu* F, o tuu <> NS J Nh~> wF I J uu u wCFu
tCtCsC CTu* Ju - bF Jt J <F, < Jt J Ju Zbd N< tu* Juo
<bPR uT N nu wS <W tu* <bsu >ubu t< wJ< N <J wF J
uT _Sw Fu $ <buT JJu tCtCs Ju J, <<T] wS <> Ju <bsu tu* @w
Juo Jt F* J <F $$44$$
d t<J yCdu* Ju y u d, N, <bC], Nay, <uJb< f Ju yCdu*
J <w Fuu F F b I f Jw F, NS F*, F JFwu F* $
t Ju yCdu* Ju ~>unJ f b f Ju yCdu* u Cw Fu w F wf oJ oB
w Fu w F* N F b C f w F $ uF, oB, t N fC<] o Juu* u
<F, F* $ N F F, < Ju < Jtu J <b@ F wu u Fu Ju
<, <t<WJ N J Jtu J NC> J <F NSb Jt<Fw FuJ Nu
NZt Ju <w Jtu J NC> J <F $ < "u a_ Jt<d' o b Ju uJ
u <w<w bJta Ju u I Ju JR u C F F, o< o wF Ju
uu* u* Ju J NCw- ww Fu F F, wS< (bbt<Fu`a CFu<w)
(bw N< Fu` Fut Ju) o< ZC<wu* u bw JwR u fwu yu Jtu
J "<swu <w CFu<w' o< bu* u s-Jd tu* y J w# b<w' o< ZC<wbu* u funu
yu Jtu J fI J <w Ju f <<tW Ju F u <k NayJ J ay N
Jw F $ < o <bT tu F aJ Fu <J "u a_ Jt<d' o< bu* u <bu*
Ju < F f Jtu J a <b<Fw F, Nw# I<u* Ju JtC> J <w F F* Fu
Jw, wu F aJ y^ F, u*<J < uyu* u b t tu* I J oh~> u f Jtu
J a <J F, Ju u F yF_S N< NZtu* tu* w[bI Fu w F, uu <buT
CTu* Ju <w "u a_' o Ju < a <b@ J <w F F* Fw, ou <un
F <J <J Z u u <Ju F*, bu Cw d F, Cw u <Fw F* F* $

y - 128]

Z uyb<> tFtd

1715

u u Nt Jut F wS u u u N<@> f F bF t* F, o wF f b
Jw F wf tCw Fuw F $ Jw, J N Jd; u, uw N uy; Iw, I N
Iu - ou <b<tCw wS oJu uJ d uF< <@u* u ba oJu k_bR C
N C#u* u f b <b<tCw Fuw F wf <fJC dR u tCw Fuw F $ d wu* tu*
Nu Ju wS Nu tu* d wu* Ju f b NuR u uu yw F wf bF tCw Fuw F $
ywg, _b N CTC<w o wu* _Su* Ju ~>unJ f b wC NtR tu* bu
Jw F wf tCw Fuw F $ yw N _bb_S J f wS CTC<w u <Fw u b J
tt tu* _S<w R wCtJ wCb_S F bF uy J (<< Ju J u
<<bJv t<@ J NSb tC N<@J Ju <bt` u sJtJ I J)
t<w F, u fu fn CtJ I F $ t Ju N_w Fu u tCu* Ju N <J
b_wC J @ F* Fuw $$45-51$$
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