;")-

IS : 11682 1985

Indian Standard
CRITERIA FOR DESIGN OF RCC STAGING FOR
OVERHEAD WATER TANKS o. FOREWORD
0.1 This Indian Standard was adopted by the Indian Standards Institution on 29 November 1985, after the draft finalized by the Criteria for Design of Structures Sectional Committee had been approved by the Civil Engineering Division Council. 0.2 Water tanks are important public utility and industrial structure. The design and construction methods in reinforced concrete are influenced by the prevailing construction practices, the physical property of the material and the climatic conditions. At present there is no national standard for the design of overhead tanks. This code is being published in order to fulfil the need and to lay down uniform requirements of water towers. 0.3 '''''hile the common methods of design have been covered !n this code, design of structures of special forms or in unusual circumstances should be left to the judgement of the Engineer-in-charge and in such cases special systems of design and construction may be permitted on production of satifactory evidence regarding their adequacy and safety by analysis or test or by both. 'Care may be taken for dust load. o.t In this standard it is assumed that the design of water tower is entrusted to the qualified engineer and that the execution of the work is carried
out under the direction of an experienced supervisor.

0.5 The construction aspects of liquid retaining structures and design aspects of the side walls and floor of the same design aspects of the side
walls and floor of the same which mainly rest on the ground level have been covered by IS : 3370 (Parts 1 to 4 )* and this standard lays down the

principles of design of water towers for arriving at sizes of various components of water tank.
Code of practice for concrete structures for the storage of liquids: Part 1-1965 General requirements. Part 2-1965 Reinforced concrete structures.

Part 3-1967 Prestressed concrete structures.

Part 41967 Design tables.

IS

t 11682

. 1985

0.6 AU requirements of IS : 456-1978*, IS : 3370 (Part

I).1965t

and

IS of this code except where far as they apply shall this code. part: 3370 ( Part 2 )-1965t is 80 otherwise laid down in be deemed to form

D.' For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this

standard is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis~ shall be rounded off in accordance with IS : 2-1960. The number of significant places retained in the rounded off' value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.

1. SCOPE
1.1 This standard lays down guidelines for layout for overhead water tacks and criteria for analysis for RCC staging both for steel and concrete tanks. 1.2 While some of the provisions of this standard in the case of RCC staging for elevated tanks, though refer to the storage of water, the recommendations are equally applicable to other materials stored. 1.3 The requirements given in this code applicable for column type staging and circular and polygonal shaft staging for overhead water tanks. 2. TERMINOLOGY 2.0 For the purpose of this standard, the following definitions shall apply. 2.1 Capacity - Capacity of the tank shall be the volume of water it can store between the designed full supply level and lowest supply level (that is~the level of the lip of the outlet pipe). Due allowance shall be made for plastering the tank from inside if any when calculating the capacity of

tank.

2.2 Height of Staging - Height of staging is the difference between the lowest supply level of tank and the average ground level at the tank site. 2.3 Water Depth - Water depth in tank shaJI be difference of level between lowest supply level and full supply level of the tank .
Code of practice for plain and reinforced concrete ( third reviJion ). fCode of practice for concrete structures for the storage of liquids : Part ) General requirements. tCode of practice for concrete structures for the stor~ge of liquids: Part 2 Reinforced concrete structures.
Rulcs for rounding off numerical values (rtvi.red ).

IS : 11682 1985

3. LOADS 3.1 Dead Loads - Dead loads shall be calculated on the basis of unit
weights taken in accordance with IS: 1911-1967*. Unless morc accurate calculations are warranted, the unit weight of reinforced concrete made with sand and gravel or crushed natural stone aggregate may be taken as 2 500 kg/mB Loads due to pipings and stair cases should also be considered. 3.2 Imposed Loads - Imposed loads like live loads, snow loads and wind loads shall be in accordance with IS : 875-1964t. Weight of the water may be taken as live load for members directly containing the same. The weight of water shall be considerd as dead load in the design of staging. 3.3 Wind Load - Wind load shall be applied in accordance with IS: 875-1964t while analying the stresses the combination shall be as follows: a) wind load with tank empty; and b) wind load with tank full. The worst combination of the stress on account of the above shall be considered while working out the permissible stresses. 3.4 Seismic Forces - When seismic loading is considered, following two cases may be considered : ' a) tank empty; and b) tank full. In additio.n, wherever required the effect of surge due to wave formation of the water may be considered. The seismic force acting on the support for the tank and its analysis shall be in accordance with IS:
1893-1975:1:_

3.5 Vibration Forces - Vibration forces such as due to blast forces

IS : 6922-1973 ) as experienced in mines, collaries and in the close proximity of railway tracks shall be considered in the design (see also 7.1.1 ).
( see NOTE - In areas of construction, where vibration forces are expected during construction for walls, reinforcement shall be provided on both faces to ensure 'proper bonding of the reinforcement .

Schedule of unit weights of building materials (first revision ). . tCode of practice for structural safety of buildings: Loading standard! ( revised ). 1Criteria for earthquake resistant design ofstructures ( third revision ). Criteria for safety and design of structures subject to underground blast.

IS : 11682 1985

f. ANALYSIS
f.l General - Provision shall be made for conditions of stresses that
may occur in accordance with principles of mechanics, recognized methods of design and ~ound engineering practice. In particular, adequate consideration shall be given to the effects of monolithic construction in the assessment of bending moment and shear. 4.1.1 Before taking up the design. the designer should first decide the most suitable type of staging of tanks and correct estimation of loads including statical equilibrium of structure particularly in regard to overturn .. ing of overhanging members shall be made. The design should be based on the worst possible combination of loads, moments and shears arisin~ from vertical loads and horizontal loads acting in any direction when the tank is full as well as empty. 4.2 Loading Combination - Loading combination may be considered as given in IS : 456-1978* and IS : 875-1964t. Both conditions, tank full and tank empty shall be considered.
NOTE - Wherever required the effect of wave action of water on the sides 0 f the tank may be considered.

5. BASIS OF DESIGN FOR REINFORCED CONCRETE MEMBERS

5.1 Staging and other reinforced concrete members including foundationshall be designed in accordance with the requirements of IS : 456-1978.

5.2 Permissible Stresses - The permissible stresses in the concrete and steel reinforcement shall be in accordance with IS : 4561978* for column staging.
5.3 Seismic Effect - Earthquake resistant design of water tanks shall be carried out in accordance with IS : 1893-1975t 5.4 Increase in Permissible Stresses - Increase in permissible stresses for column staging shall be as per IS: 456 .1978*. 5.4.1 The increase in permissible stresses as per 5.4 need not be allowed in the design of braces for forces as wind or earthquake which are primary forces in them .
Code of practice for plain and reinforced concrete (fourth "vision ). fCode of practice for structural safety of buildings: Loading standards ( rtvised ). :Criteria for earthquake resistant design of structures ( third revision ).

IS 6. LAYOUT OF OVERHEAD TANKS

I 11682 1985

6.0 Generally the shape and size of elevated concrete tanks for economical design depends upon the functional requirements such as: a) Maximum depth for water; b) Height of staging; c)' Allowable bearing capacity of foundation strata and type of foundation suitable; . d) Capacity of tank; and e) Other site conditions. 6.1 Classification and Layout of Elevated TaDks - Based on the capacities of the tank, the possible classification for types of elevated tanks may be as followed as given in 6.1.1 to 6.1.4 for general guidance. 6.1.1 For tank up to 50 mS capacity may be square or circular in shape and supported on staging three or four columns. 6.1.2 Tanks of capacity above 50 roS and up to 200 mB rnay be square or circular in plan and supported on minimum four columns. 6.1.3 For capacity above 200 mB and up to 800 mS the tank may be square, rectangular, circular or intze type tank. The number of columns tobe adopted shall be decided based on the column spacing which normally lies between 3'6 and 4'5 m. For circular, intze or conical tanks, a shaft supporting structures may be provided. 6.1.4 Different shapes of water towers with certain arrangements of bottom construction are shown in Fig. I to 4. 6.2 Besides the general shapes given in 6.1.1 to 6.1.4, tanks of unusual shapes, such as spherical, conical or multi'cell may also be adopted depen . ding upon the discretion of the designer. 7. ANALYSIS OF STAGING

7.1 Staging Components

7.1.1 Columns
7.1.1.1 Forces and moments on columns - The entire load of the tanks shall be considered to be transferred to the columns in the manner in which the floor of the tank contributes to each column. The effects of continuity of the beam at the top of columns, if any, shall be accounted for in calculat .. ing the reactions on columns. In addition to tank load, axial forces, forces

IS t 11682 1985

MS

RAILING

MS LADDER (OUTSIDE)

GI LADDER

( INSIDE)

RCC STAIRCASE

OUTLET OVERFLOW PIPE

PIPE

SCOUR PIPE

o
BRACINGS

COLUMN

GROUND

LEvEL

FIG. 1

TYPICAL

SECTION OF A SMALL SIZED WATER TOWEl?

IS 111682 1985 and bending momentS due to wind, earthquake or vibration shall be con~ sidered in accordance with 7.2.1 to 7.2.4. In absence of more exact analy~ sis) the effective length of columns in the evaluation' of stress) may be ob~ tained as per the recommendations given in Fig. 5.
NOTE In places where continuous vibration is likely to occur like near railway tracks, steel staging may be preferred. NOTE 2 - Whenever tanks are provided near mines, forces, mining subsidence should also be considered.

I--

in addition

to vibraticn

MANHOL-E

WITH

COV!R

LADDER SCOUR PIPE

OVERFLOW

PIPE LANDING SL AB

WITH

CAGE
WATER LEVEL
INDICATOR

GROUND

LEVEL

FIG.2

TYPICAL SECTION OF A INTzE TYPE WATER TOWER

is

116112 198';

7.1.1 . Horizontalforces - Actual forces and moments resulting froII1 2 horizontal forces may be calculated for the critical direction and used in the design of the structure. Analysis may be done by any of the accepted nlethods including considering it as space frame.

LIGHTENING

CONDUCTOR

FSl
LADDER

TANK FLOOR LEVEL

VENTILATION

HOLE

;
WATER lEVEL INO(CATOR f

a
SPIRAL ST~tRCASE

ACCESS
GROUND

DOOR

. NOl'E - Arrangement of inlet and outlet pipes, scour and overflow pipes are similar to those shown in Fig. 1.

FIG.

TYPICAL

SECTION OF A WATER TOWER WIfH

RC

SHAFT

10

IS

I 11682

1985

m
CD

COLUMN

~ u
UJ

Z o U)

-TANK

WALL

SUPPORT WITH 6 COLUMNS

<
<t BEAM

z o
UI U)

~ u

TANK

WALL

I..-A
SUPPORT WITH 4 COLUMNS

FIG.4

TYPICAL ARRANGEMENT OF SUPPORT FOR WATER TOWER BOTTOM SLABS ( Continued)

1t

TA.NI<

WA.L'L

:rANK l,~'A.LL

'J'J

--:r:.

rBEA.!oII COLU~N1

-=

=
1'0:1

U1

of

No

WITH 8 COlUtJlN.S

WITH 'l2 CO LUMNS

JL::{
SECTION

,;;rc
CC
.. o\lu:A.NGIDIU-r

TAl

FlQOR

le:'w'El

11if

'fi
SECTlON
TOWER

~
on

I
)

Fm. 4-

TYI?ICA.L

OF SUPPO"R T FOR.

\V AT:E.R

RoT"f{V...! S!....Am ( CmtiNrMd

IS

I 11682 1985

7.1.1.3 Horizontal forces shall be assumed to act on all parts of the tank as well as the tower. Axial forces in columns, due to horizontal loads shall be cal~ulated by equating the moments due to all horizontal forces above the level of consideration to the restraining moment offered by axial forces in columns.

7.2 Bracings
7.2.1 For staging of height above foundation greater than 6 m, the column shall be rigidly connected by horizontal bracings suitably spaced vertically at distances not exceeding 6 m.
/,~\

"\' II \ II \~"

, I \, '\ /1 \\

,I

\-- - - - -~~c-------,'~\ -----7\" I' \\ " ,I~\" \'.. ,'/ \\ ,'/ \\ ,~' \\ ,/ " ,1 '\ I,
I

______ ~~':f.(.

"\,,', " \ \\', .)':~/--

._.

\",

------,,,J,----,/',\
II II
'--

\' " _ - - -_j,.~<.._ -_- __... L_..s..J

"I' \,vJ1

'\

""

II

"'I

\,
\'\J~I

II

I, 'I 'I

',,'

-_In __ -,', ~\ -------"'L.l------. /l'\', ",'

\\ \'

'\'1 \"
"

.>X'----- ---,) -- - - - - - -:,.; - - - - .. - - )" ~- ...-- - - - _.J,.)<..

\\./'

/, ,I I,
\~

\\ "

\\; \\"
.

\' ,/

II,' II \\ ,I "\ \ I "\

\\

WALL

,/ "

,/\\" I

\ \

\'\ \ ,\ \ \

.\-,'

, I

,,

/,' I ,,

,I

I,',\ \
\ \

,\ "

\.

SUPPORT WITH MULTI COLUMNS

~===;'=::=:--l

_,;.z=:::--I

--....1

n~1

KV

TANK FlOOR

LEVEL

SECTION
FIG.

EE
OF SUPPORT FOR WATER

TYPICAL TOWER

ARRANGEMENT

BOTTOM SLABS ( Continued)

13

IS

11682 1985

PLATFORM

COLUMN

COLUMN

.-t L . L . ~
0 I

,J' Ir

. ,

I.,

I I , I I. I

..
BEAM

BEAM

PLATFORM HALF MESH PANEL HALF FLAT SLA8

TANK

WALL

V TANK

FLOOR

LEVEL

SEe TlON F F
FIG,

TYPICAL ARRANGEMENT
TOWER

OF SUPPORT POR WATER

BOTTOM SLABS (

Continued)

14

~ ..-e::~M
::-..

I"C(J

LL,j

"1 "I

'

di
_
oJ ~~"\

/~r .--;... ~~'. / l'%' T .toNK ._""""T".... ~'("" ,~~,""" ~~i.Y I '-$ / ~~ 'o'"t. L
. Ii L"
..

.~I
"~".

i--r;'
.
.

~.

.....--..,. ..

-~

.,~-'

"~h i~~
L

tI

.:J

~~~~~' -~.... .... -

I.~
, ANK Wlr'H CI RCUL AR BE AM AT PE,~IPHER'r'

.o;.n

TANK WITH CI~ CUL AR BE AM AT MI:::OLE OF THE BASE

]'
.
~ii

II .!
r",,,,-,r, ... '.{ Y:: L

~Iy I

"00"
Q':l

Uti
SCTION G-G
_~.R::<;.""""""<;'~!.:-I:'

JU
SLI!JI~

SEC":IO-:-.l HH Of SrpPO:Rl'
::0-011.

FJG, 4

TYP:H:!\['

V"..r,TI:R

T O''Jo"T.:R B071';))'{

CI'Io

I;oCI

CD

IS

I 11682

1985

1 l
J
AA
(\"t

88
~ THIS C4SE.1211

TI
L
.,.......t...

L
...L

--l--,-l.L

ac
PLAN

0-1

00
SECTION

Nolesl. L
2. LeI
3. 4. 5.

= Unsupported length. = Effective length to

be e;alculated as per Appendix D of IS : 456-1978 considering without restraint against sway. Stiffness of members K c and Kb are to be calculated in the plane of bending considered. Torsional stiffness of beams in other planes ignored. Minimum LeI in all cases to be not less than 12L.
LENGTH OF COLUMNS SUPPORTING

FIG. 5

EFFECTIVE

WATER TANK

7.2.2 Bending moments in horizontal braces due to horizontal loads shall be calculated when horizontal forces act in a critical direction. The moments in braces shall be the sum of moments in the upper and lower columns at the joint resolved in the direction of horizontal braces.

7.2.3 Moments and shears arising from local vertical loading, if any, shall be accounted for in the design. 16

IS : 11682. 1985

ELEV.~TION FIG. 6 TYPICAL DETAILS OF DIAGONAL BRACING OF

CONCRETE OR STEEL (

Continued)

17

IS : 11682 1985

VERTICAL
EITHER IN

BRACING STEEL OR

CONCRETE

/
ONLY FOR

1. IN

CONCRETE

THE

REINFOR~EMENT Will CROSS THROUGH 2. IN STEEL ONE OIAGONAl WILL BE

THROUGH AND THE

OTHER JOIN AT THIS lOCATION WITH GUSSET PLATE

VIEW
ALTERNATIVE

AA
FACES OF OCTAGON

DETAil DETAILS

AT A BRACING IN CONCRETE

OF VERTICAL

FIG.

TYPICAL

DETAILS

OF DIAGONAL

BRACING

OF

CONCRETE OR STEEL (

Continued)

18

IS I 11682 1985

THE GAP

SHALL

BE. MADE

uP

WITI:! AN END PLATE AND STIFFENER PLATE TO MAKE

UP

THE SLOPE

WELD

MINIMUM

12 rnm

VIEW 88

STEEL PLAT

INSERT

.A
ANGLE

LACING

WELD

VIEW

CC DETAILS
VERTICAL

OF
BRACING

lN STEEL
PLAT E WE.LD

lNSERT

PLATE

WELD

ALROUND

VIEW DO
FIG. 6 TYPICAL DETAILS OF DIAGONAL BRACING OF CONCRETE OR STEEL

19

Is , t 1682 - 1985
7.2.4 For staging in seismic zones where seismic co-efficient exceeds

0'05 twin diagonal vertical bracing of steel or ROC in addition to the horizontal bracing may be provided (see IS : 4326-1976*). The typical sketch of diagonal vertical bracing is shown in Fig. 6.

7.3 Column Foundations

7.3.1 Separate footings may be provided for column staging and designed as per requirements of IS : 456-1978t. Combined footing with or without tie beam or raft foundation in accordance with IS : 2950-1965t may be provided. For all towers situated in seismic zones where seismic co-efficient is above 0'05, at base of the tower all columns shall be tied together above foundation level and well within ground by a structural member such as braces or ring beam. Alternately continuous strip ( or annular strip) foundation, mat or raft foundations shall be provided. 7.3.2 The foundation shall be so proportioned that under vertical loads of tower ( with tank full as well as empty) and effects of horizontal forces, the pressure on the soil is within the safe bearing capacity and in the critical direction the footing does not lift up at any point. 1.3.3 Loss of contact in the soil under footing should not be allowed. In locations where the soil bearing capacity is high, loss of contact may be allowed provided it is safe against overturning and such other conditions that are to be fulfilled.

7.4 Stair-Case - Access to the tank shall be provided by means of steel

ladder or ReC stairs with landings adequately tied to the staging. In case of vertical ladders safety cases shall be provided for heights exceeding 6 m. In such cases cages shall start at the level of 3 m.

8. SHAFT TYPE STAGING

8.1 The tower may be in the form of single shaft circular or polygonal in
plan 'and may be tapering. The area enclosed with the shafts may be used for providing the pipes, stairs, electrical control panels, etc.

8.2 Circular Shafts Staging

8.2.1 The minimum thickness of concrete shell for staging shall be 150 mm. When internal diameter exceeds 6 m, the minimum thickness in
mm shall be 150 + D concrete shell in mm .

-;'2~ 000

where D is the internal diameter of

Code of practice for earthquake resistant construction of buildings (first revision). tCode of practice for plain and reinforced concrete ( third rtv;j;on). ~Codc of practice for design and construction of raft foundations.

20

IS 111682 1985 8.2.2 Reinforcement in Shell

The minimum vertical reinforcement shall be 0'25 percent for deformed bars, of the concrete area of the section under consideration. This reinforcement shall be provided in two layers, one near each face to make up the minimum reinforcement. .
8.2.2.1 Vertical reinforcement -

The minimum diameter of longitudinal bars shall be 10 mm and the maximum centre ..to-centre distance of reinforcement shall not exceed twice the thickness of shell nor 400 mm centre-to-centre in each layer. The circumferential reinforcement shall not be less than 02 percent, of the concrete area in vertical section under consideration subject to a minimum of 4 cml per metre height. If the vertical reinforcement is provided in two layers, the circumferential reinforcement shall be provided in two layers and minimum reinforcement specified above shall be divided equally in each layer. The spacing of bars shall not be more than 300 mm or the shell thickness whichever is less. Circumferential reinforcement shall be placed nearer the faces of the shell.
8.2.2.2 Circumferential reinforcement -

8.2.2.3 The detailing of shaft at the opening shall take into consideration provision of effective continuity in the reinforcement above, at the side of and below the opening. At both the top and bottom of each opening, additional reinforcement shall be placed having an area at least equal to one~half the area of the established design cir cumferential reinforcement interrupted by the opening, and shall extend beyond the opening to a sufficient distance to develop the bond in bars. This steel shall be placed within a height not exceeding concrete thickness at opening. At both sides of each opening, additional vertical reinforcement shall be placed having an area at least equal to one-half the area of the established design vertical reinforcement interrupted by the opening, and shall extend beyond the opening to a sufficient distance to develop bond in bars. Diagonal reinforcement with the total cross-sectional area in ems of not less than half the shell thickness in cm shall be placed at each corner of the opening. Such diagonal bars shall extend past their intersection points up to a distance sufficient to develop the required bond. If the opening does not interrupt vertical or circumferential reinforcement, diagonal reinforcement may not be provided. However, provision of a nominal diagonal reinforcement to ensure crack control is advisable. For smaller opening less than 0'5 m width the diagonal reinforcement may be half the value recommended above.
21

IS, 11682 .. 1985 8.2.3 The minimum dear concrete cover over the reinforcement shall be 40 mm for the outer side and 25 mm for the inner side of the shaft.
8.2.4 Analysisfor Shaft Staging

8.2.4.1 When the wind is distributed over the circumference at the cross-section of the shaft the approximate ring moments pro duced are given below:
Moe or Moi
==

33

Wp X

,1 in kg m per m height of shaft

where Mae '= Local external moment produced by ovalling at external face,
Nloi == Local external

face,

moment produced by ovalling at internal

Wp

Wind pressure at any level in N/mm', and

, = Mean radius

of ring of the concrete shell in mm.

The hoop force and shear due to ovaIling may be neglected.

NOTE - As long as tensile stresses due to the ring moment is within the permissible values of circumferential tensile stress in concrete no additional reinforcement is necessary. Beyond this limit reinforcement shall be provided in two layers.

8.2.5 Formulae -

( For vertical stress in circular shaft).

8.2.5.1 The whole section is under compression, if : a) for' annular sections

7~2
is given by:
(fCV ==

....

...

(1)

In such cases the maximum vertical compressive stress in concrete

W

2,"rt

...

...
-

(2)

b) for annular section with one opening:

e
r

__ 1_ 2 (
1'; -

~)

)1 (11 1t -~ )~ cos - ~ -

sin' + sin~ ~

3 sin fl ]

...
22

. (3)

IS : 11682 1985

then in such cases, the maximum vertical compressive stress is given by:
W
2 ( 1T- ~ )
T

O'Cv

where

M
W

Moment in vertical plane at the section under consideration in N mm . Total vertical load above section und"ef" consideration in N

r
t
t1 (f 09

= Mean radius of circular section under consideration in mm; = thickness of shaft shell at section under consideration in mm; = Half the angle subtended by the neutral axis as a chord on the
=

circle of radius T, in degrees unless otherwise specified; and Maximum vertical stress in concrete at outside diame ter of shaft shell in N/mm'.
ell'

is greater than the corresponding right hand side of exa; defining the position of neutral axis may be calculated from the general expression (5) by trial ( see Fig. 7 ).
pressions (1) or (3) of 8.2.5.1, then

8.2.5.2 If

FIG.7

SHAFT WITH OPENING

23

IS I 11682 1985 a) Put ~ 0, for annular section without opening where = one half the central angle subtended by neutral axis as a chord on the circle of radius r, in degrees unless otherwise specified.

-;-=(;)
where
A

...

,..

(5)

!( -2

I-p ) ( ~-sin cos oc sin P)

ex -

= ( 1-

+t
Ot

at cos ) m1Tp;
Ot ) -.

and
(

i (11P

+ mp)

(~+ sin ~ cos ~

Ot )

p) ( sin -mft7t cas ex

cos

+ mp

) (sin ~- ~ cos

where
m

= modular
=

ratio; and ratio of total area of vertical reinforcement to total area of crete of shaft shell at section under consideration.

8.2.5.3 The maxi~um vertical compressive stress in concrete due to combined effect of vertical loads and lateral wind loads, (feY may be concalculated by:

(fcv -(f where

(f

cv

'[1+

2r co s ~ ( cas ~ - cas t

ex) ]

... (6)

ov

==~ rt
, W [

(l-P)

(sin -Cl cos a.)-(l-p+mp)

(sin ~-f3 cas a)

( cos ~ - cos

Ot

-mp'It cas a
'"

. (7)

8.2.6 Permissible Stresses

8.2.6.1 The stress in concrete shall not exceed the following limits for various combination of loads:
Combination Load Stress Limit

a) Dead load wind load b) Dead load + earthquake forces c) Circumferential tensile stress in concrete due to wind induced ring moment where
(Jov

0'38

(fOY

0'40 0'07

(fov
(10Y

28..day ultimate cube strength of concrete in N/mm'.

24

IS : 11682 1985
8.2.6.2 Reinforcement - The stresses in steel shall not exceed the following limits for various combination of loads
Combination

Stress Limit

a) Dead load

b) Dead load

+ wind load + earthquake

0'57 load
see

(JSY

0'60

D's)'

c) Circumferential stress in steel due to

0'50 asy

wind induced ring moment ( where a By

Note)

= yield or proof stress of steel in NImml

If shell thickness is adequate to satisfy 8.2.6.1 (c) I this requirement may

be waived.

NOTE -

8.3 Eccentricity due to Settlement - The cross-section of the shaft

shall also be checked for stresses resulting from eccentricity caused by the permissible differential settlement of foundation as per IS : 19041978*. 8.4 Polygonal Shaft - Polygonal shaft may be designed as a circular shaft considering equivalent diameter based on inscribed circle of the shaft.

9. DETAILING 9.1 Requirement governing detailing shall be in accordance with the relevant clause of IS : 456-1978t. Typical reinforcement details for column and bracing, shaft type staging and illtz tank are given in Fig. 8 to 11.

Code of practice for structural

f'cvisiOll )"

safety of buildings: Shallow foundations (second

revision ).

teud e of practice for p lai n and reinforced concrete ( third

25

IS

I 11682

1985

COLUMN

tZ
UJ

a.
..J

:E:

o ~ Z
lJJ UJ
..J

WHERE DESIGN SEISMIC COEFFICIENT IS 0-05 OR

MORE REFERENCE TO CLAUSES

72 TO 7'
BE MADE

> UJ

OF IS: 4376-1976

SHALL

TO CATE FOR DUCTILITY REQUIREME NT

BRACING

BRACING REINFORCEMENT TO
COLUMN

HAVE

REQUIRED
LENGTH

DEVELOPMENT

INTO

JUNCTION OF COLUMN AND BRACING FIG.

TYPICAL REINFORCRMENT DETAILS OF JUNCTION OF COLUMN AND BRACING

26

IS : 11682 1985

WATER INSIDE FACE OF TANK DOMED BASE TANK

BAR

CONSTRUCTIOK JOINT

WALL

ALL REINFORCEMENT TO EXTEND DEVELOPMENT LENGHH BEYOND FACE OF OPENING

SHAFT WALL IS THICKENED TO CATER FOR LOCAL BENDING MOMENTS FROM TANK

WALL

OPENING IN SUPPORTmG SHAFT

HORIZONTAL INTERVALS COVER

TIES AT. TO MAINTA'N

SHAFT

WALL

ADDITIONAL REINFORCEMENT AROUND OPENING IN SHAFT WALLS

THIS SECTION IS REQUIRED TO CATER FOR HOOP COMPRESSION DUE TO CHANGE IN THE S}4APE OF SHAFT WALL

Fro.9

TYPICAL REINFORCEME.NT DETAILS OF SHAFT

27

18 : 11682

1985

HORIZONTAL
AT INTERVALS

TIES
TO

MAINTAIN

COVER

DEVELOPMENT

LENGTH
(STAGGEREO)

CONSTRUCTION

JOINT

FIG. 10

TYPICAL

REINFORCEMENT

DETAILS

OF INTZE ,TYPE TANK

28

IS : 11682 .1985

REF

ICI25.21) OS{.56-1978)

=-TENSION

I as =

Ld-Y
Ld

r
y ld
q>

_~,_,ob_
= ~
=

(1 +Jt)] 4 fck

Xq>. (CI.25.22':))
REF: 115:456-19781

DEVElOPMENT
OIA OF STRESS BAR. IN

LENGTH OF BAR.

05=
I

BAR

AT

THE

FACE OF

SECTION.

rs=
fck.= EDGE OF SECTION

STRESS IN BAR AT MIO-POINT OF BEND CHARACTERIS'jIC OF CONCRETE

THE

STRENGTH

DISTANCE BETWEEN AS SHOWN

BARS
BEND

r
"Cbd

=
=

INTERNAL DESIGN STRESSES

CALCULATION

RAOIUS BOND IN

OF

STRESS. THE
ARE

NOTE:

ABOVE
BY WORKING

STRESS

METHOD

OF

DES1GN.

SECTION AA
FIG.

11

MINIMUM

INTERNAL

RADIUS

OF ", END FOR EFFECTIVE B

ANCHOR AGE

OF TENSILE BARS CONSIDER1NG LnUT ON BEARING STRESS IN CONCRETE AT BENDS AS PER IS : 456-1978

29