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Ubuntu Commands PDF

This document provides summaries of useful Linux system commands for tasks like running commands as superuser, changing passwords, editing configuration files, updating and installing packages, checking and mounting filesystems, restarting services, switching between terminals and graphical interfaces, and recovering from system crashes.

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Tratul Abid
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3K views1 page

Ubuntu Commands PDF

This document provides summaries of useful Linux system commands for tasks like running commands as superuser, changing passwords, editing configuration files, updating and installing packages, checking and mounting filesystems, restarting services, switching between terminals and graphical interfaces, and recovering from system crashes.

Uploaded by

Tratul Abid
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Useful system commands

1. sudo <command> To run any command as superuser (root). 2. sudo -u <user> <command> To run a command as any other user -> 3. passwd To change your password. 4. sudo visudo To edit the sudoers file to change sudo permissions. 5. gksudo <command> Graphical sudo application APT get commands 1. apt-get update To update the package database 2. apt-get upgrade To upgrade the packages 3. apt-get dist-upgrade To upgrade the current distribution 4. apt-cache search <string> To search for a particular package 5. apt-get autoremove <package name> To remove a package 6. apt-get install <package name> To install package 7.apt-cache showpkg <package name> Show package information 8. apt-get -f install Fix broken package 9. vi /etc/apt/sources.list Edit package repository information using the vi editor 10. gedit /etc/apt/sources.list Edit package repository information using the gedit editor System Commands 1. uname -r Get kernel version 2. uname -a Get all information about the system (architecture, kernel, OS etc) 3. sudo reboot reboot OS 4. sudo shutdown -h now Shutdown computer 5. fsck Utility to check the filesystem for inconsistency. eg. fsck /dev/sdb 6. mount Utility to mount a filesystem. eg. mount -t ext4 /dev/sdb1 /mnt/sdb1 Display Commands 1. Ctrl+Alt+backspace Restart X-server if it is hung 2. /etc/x11/xorg.conf X11 configuration file 3. /etc/init.d/gdm restart Restart the GDM graphical login daemon 4. Ctrl+alt+F<n> Switch to tty <n> 5. Ctrl+alt+F7 Switch back to X Restore from system crash Press and hold down ALT + SysRq (PrintScn) button and type phrase R E I S U B with 1 second interval between each letter. Your system will magically recover from the crash and reboot itself.

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