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Introduction To Apache: Ken Coar

apache introduaction

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122 views

Introduction To Apache: Ken Coar

apache introduaction

Uploaded by

Mohammed Hashim Galal
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 19

Introduction to Apache

Ken Coar
[email protected], The Apache Group
Prepared 6/24/99 Slide 1

Disclaimers
l UNIX is a registered trademark of X/Open

Company Ltd l OpenVMS is a registered trademark of Compaq Corporation l PostScript is a registered trademark of Adobe Systems, Inc l All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners, and no misuse is intended

Prepared 6/24/99

Slide 2

Acknowledgements
l I would like to gratefully acknowledge the

contributions of the following: Neil Gregory, Paul Scherrer Institut

Prepared 6/24/99

Slide 3

Copies of This Presentation


l WILL BE available online at

http://Web.Golux.Com/coar/

Prepared 6/24/99

Slide 4

Contents
l What IS Apache, Anyway? l Whats Open-Source? l Getting Apache l Installing the server l Configuring Apache l Logfiles l Troubleshooting

Prepared 6/24/99

Slide 5

What IS Apache, Anyway?


l Open-Source Web server originally based on

NCSA server l Available on over 160 varieties of Unix -- and Windows NT l Over 56% of Internet Web servers run Apache or an Apache derivative

Prepared 6/24/99

Graph copyright Netcraft (<http://www.netcraft.com/survey/>)

Slide 6

Whats Open-Source?
l Open-Source refers to software that is not

only free, but includes the source as well l Users are free to make whatever modifications they like to make the software work better for them l Users are generally encouraged to submit improvements for inclusion in the master distribution

Prepared 6/24/99

Slide 7

Getting Apache
l You can pull the distribution down from the

Apache Web site <http://www.apache.org/dist/>


l Some added-value vendors (e.g., RedHat)

provide pre-built packaged versions l Some companies offer support (for a price, of course!) l The Apache site is mirrored all over the world, so theres probably a site nearer to you

Prepared 6/24/99

Slide 8

Installing the Server on Windows NT


l Just run the installer l If upgrading, be sure to save your content

and uninstall the current version before installing the new

Prepared 6/24/99

Slide 9

Installing the Server on Unix


l If you have a pre-built package

Install it l Otherwise, Unpack the tarball Choose your modules Compile the server Modify configuration files to reflect your environment

Prepared 6/24/99

Slide 10

Configuring Apache
l Choosing functionality

Apache functionality is available through modules which are either built into or loaded into the server l Server instructions Apache reads its run-time configuration instructions from text files No GUI available 182 configuration directives in base package
Prepared 6/24/99 Slide 11

Pre-Forked or Multi-Threaded
l On Unix, Apache uses a pre-forking model,

which means that several processes are created to implement the server and handle requests Control via the parent process; dont touch the children! l On Windows NT, there are only two processes to handle multiple request threads

Prepared 6/24/99

Slide 12

Virtual Hosts
l A single Apache server installation can

actually support hundreds of different Web sites l NSPs and ISPs do this a lot l Allows additional Web presence without accompanying hardware or software investment required

Prepared 6/24/99

Slide 13

Content Negotiation
l If you have multiple language-specific

versions of documents, Apache can automatically choose the correct one according to the clients language preferences l Server can choose among different graphics formats; if it has both GIF and JPEG versions, it can send the one for which the client has expressed a preference

Prepared 6/24/99

Slide 14

Scripts, Server-Side Includes, Servlets, and SSL


l Apache can handle run-time execution of

external applications (scripts) l Server-side includes allow the server to modify pages at run-time before sending them l Java servlet modules are available, but not yet part of the base package (still under development) l SSL-enabled versions of Apache are available, both from commercial vendors and under open-source licence
Prepared 6/24/99 Slide 15

Logfiles
l Two basic logfiles

Access log -- whos been visiting your server and what they wanted Error log -- problems the server has encountered and things it has noticed l Can be configured for each virtual host, or for entire server l Access log format can be customised

Prepared 6/24/99

Slide 16

Troubleshooting
l First and foremost, check the error log! l Check the Apache FAQ
<http://www.apache.org/docs/misc/FAQ.html>

l Check the Apache bug database to see if its

been reported yet


<http://bugs.apache.org/>

l Check & ask on USENET


comp.infosystems.www.servers.unix

l If all else fails, submit a bug report


<http://www.apache.org/bug_report.html>
Prepared 6/24/99 Slide 17

Going Further
l The main Apache site
http://www.apache.org/

l HTML Syntax Validator


http://validator.w3.org/

l CGI Specification:
http://www.w3.org/pub/WWW/CGI/

l CGI RFC project:


http://Web.Golux.Com/coar/cgi/

l USENET News:
comp.infosystems.www.servers.unix
Prepared 6/24/99 Slide 18

1998 by Ken A L Coar MeepZor Consulting

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