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Goddess Gayatri and History of Gayatri Mantra

Gayatri Devi is an incarnation of the goddess Saraswati, who is believed to have given mankind the four Vedas. Gayatri is depicted with five faces representing the five elements and ten hands carrying symbols like a conch shell. She is the presiding deity of the Gayatri mantra, which is considered the most prominent form of regulated poetry in Sanskrit. The 24-syllable Gayatri mantra is meant to help one realize God and is an important part of Vedic civilization.

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Rajeswari Ranganathan
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684 views2 pages

Goddess Gayatri and History of Gayatri Mantra

Gayatri Devi is an incarnation of the goddess Saraswati, who is believed to have given mankind the four Vedas. Gayatri is depicted with five faces representing the five elements and ten hands carrying symbols like a conch shell. She is the presiding deity of the Gayatri mantra, which is considered the most prominent form of regulated poetry in Sanskrit. The 24-syllable Gayatri mantra is meant to help one realize God and is an important part of Vedic civilization.

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Rajeswari Ranganathan
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Goddess Gayatri and History of Gayatri Mantra

Gayatri Devi is an incarnation of Saraswati Devi, consort of Lord Brahma, symbolising the "shakti" (strength) and "dev" (quality) of Knowledge, Purity and Virtue. Saraswati Devi is held to be the patronness of the Arts, being a poet and musician, as well as skillful composer. In the form of Gayatri Devi, with the blessings of Lord Brahma, she is believed to have given the four Vedas to mankind.

Gayatri is depicted seated on a lotus. She is depicted with five faces representing the pancha pranas /pancha vayus(five lives/winds): prana, apana,vyana, udana, samana, of the five principles/ elements (pancha tatwas) earth, water, air, fire, sky (prithvi, jala, vayu, teja, aakasha). She has 10 hands carrying the five ayudhas: shankha; chakra, kamala, varada, abhaya, kasha, ankusha, ujjwala utensil, rudrakshi mala. Gayatri, Savitri and Saraswati are three goddesses representing the presiding deities of the famous Gayatri mantra chanted thrice a day. Gayatri is the presiding deity of the morning prayer and rules over the Rigveda and the garhapatya fire. Every grihasta (householder) was expected to keep 5 or 3 sacred fires ( Five fires: ahavaneeya, dakshagni, garhapatya, sawta, aavasadha.) in his house to perform Vedic rituals. In Sanskrit, there are definite rules that regulate poetry: rhyme and meter are not written whimsically. The Gayatri Mantra has a Vedic metre of 24 syllables. Amongst the regulated poetry, the Gayatri mantra, chanted by properly qualified persons, is the most prominent. The Gayatri mantra is mentioned in the Srimad Bhagavatam. Great sins are said to be expiated by a pious recitation of this Gayatri verse which reads as follows: Om bhoor bhuvah svaha, Tat Savitur varenyam, Bhargo devasya dheemahi, Dheeyo yonah prachodayat.

Gayatri mantra is meant for realization of God and is regarded as representing the Supreme Lord. It is meant for spiritually advanced people. Success in chanting it enables one to enter the transcendental position of the Lord. But, in order to chant the Gayatri mantra, it is necessary for one to first acquire the qualities of the perfectly balanced person in terms of the qualities of goodness according to the laws of material nature. The Gayatri mantra is considered to be the sonic incarnation of Brahman and is regarded as very important in Vedic civilization. In Bhagavadgita (Ch. 10. 35), Lord Krishna states: Brihat saama latha saamnaam Gayatri chandasaam aham Maasaanam maarga sirshoham Ritunaam kusumaakaraha

Among the hymns, I am the Brihat saama sung to Lord Indra, Of the poetry, I am the Gayatri verse sung daily by the initiated, Of all the nuwsas (months), I am the margasira (November- December) Among all the ritus (seasons), I am the flower bearing - spring. Hindu Temples across the world perform Gayatri havan (homam) periodically to propitiate the Lord. Ghee (rectified butter) is applied during the homa by all the participants seated around the homa-kunda.
Ref: Swami Harshananda: Hindu Gods and Goddesses Published by Sri Ramakrishna Ashrama, Mysore, 2nd Edition, 1982. Kalyan-Devatankaha, No.8, year 64. Published by Gita Press, Gorakhpur.

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