List of Figures
Figure 1. Water hyacinth ( humanflowerproject.com)
Figure 2. Roller
Figure 3. Carbolite oven
Figure 3. Orifice setup
Figure 4. The dried water hyacinth inside the reseable plastic bag
Figure 5. Konica Minolta TM CR-10 color reader
Figure 6. Instron Universal Testing Machine
10cm
1cm
2cm
Figure 7. The tensile specimen
(a)
(b)
Figure 8. (a) Valid test sample and (b) Invalid test sample
Mean Plot of final moisture contents by run
Mean = 7.5088-0.0941*x+0.0089*x^2
9.5
9.0
8.5
FMC
8.0
7.5
7.0
6.5
6.0
5.5
5.0
1
11
13
15
Mean
Mean0.95 Conf. Interval
Run
Figure 9. Mean plot of final moisture contents of water hyacinth samples by run
Mean Plot of moisture ratio by run
Mean = 0.1281-0.0016*x+6.4913E-5*x^2
0.135
0.130
MOISTURE RATIO
0.125
0.120
0.115
0.110
0.105
0.100
0.095
0.090
1
11
13
15
Mean
Mean0.95 Conf. Interval
Run
Figure 10. Mean plot of moisture ratio by run
Mean Plot of drying rates by run
Mean = 0.2904+0.0019*x-0.0004*x^2
0.34
0.32
Drying rate, g/s
0.30
0.28
0.26
0.24
0.22
0.20
1
11
13
15
Mean
Mean0.95 Conf. Interval
Run
Figure 11. Mean plot of drying rates by run
Mean Plot tensile strengths by run
Mean = 0.012-0.0006*x+3.8064E-5*x^2
0.015
0.014
Tensile strength, N
0.013
0.012
0.011
0.010
0.009
0.008
0.007
0.006
1
11
13
15
Mean
Mean0.95 Conf. Interval
Run
Figure 12. Mean plot of tensile strengths by run
Mean Plot of MR by run
Mean = 0.1281-0.0016*x+6.4883E-5*x^2
0.135
0.130
0.125
0.120
MR
0.115
0.110
0.105
0.100
0.095
0.090
1
11
13
15
Mean
Mean0.95 Conf. Interval
RUN
Figure 13. Average Moisture Ratio(MR) of 15 Drying Treatments
Final Moisture Content
9.5
9.0
final moisture content
8.5
8.0
7.5
7.0
6.5
6.0
5.5
5.0
1
11
13
15
Mean
Mean0.95 Conf. Interval
run
Figure 14. Final Moisture Content of 15 Drying Treatments
Final Moisture Content
9.5
9.0
final moisture content
8.5
8.0
7.5
7.0
6.5
6.0
5.5
5.0
1
11
13
15
run
Figure 15. Final Moisture Content of 15 Drying Treatments
Mean
Mean0.95 Conf. Interval
Mean Plot of browning index by run
Mean = 78.9331-4.2*x+0.1557*x^2
80
75
Browning Index
70
65
60
55
50
45
40
1
11
13
15
Mean
Mean0.95 Conf. Interval
Run
Figure 16 Browning Index of dried samples by run
8.5
8
7.5
7
6.5
6
5.5
Figure 17. Surface plot for Final moisture content vs. airflow rate and drying air temperature
0.13
0.125
0.12
0.115
0.11
0.105
Figure 18. Surface plot for Moisture ratio vs. airflow rate and drying air temperature
0.32
0.3
0.28
0.26
0.24
0.22
0.2
Figure 19. Surface plot for drying rate vs. airflow rate and drying air temperature
0.015
0.014
0.013
0.012
0.011
0.01
0.009
Figure 20. Surface plot for tensile strength vs. airflow rate and drying air temperature
80
70
60
50
40
Figure 21. Surface plot for browning index vs. airflow rate and drying air temperature
Profiles for Predicted Values and Desirability
1.
1.
.5
0.
.08000
.36000
.32235
.30529
.28824
.5
0.
.18000
.01600
.01427
1.
.01136
.5
.00844
0.
.00500
90.000
0.
66.683
.5
53.157
1.
Desirability
39.630
30.000
Tensile
strength, N
1.
.09619
.11429
.13240
.15000
.13860
.12944
.12028
.21635
.26913
.32191
4.0000
Browning Index
5.9733
.68894
70.
90.
.041
.044
.053
4. 5.
8.
Figure 22. Predicted responses at optimum conditions with desirability
MOISTURE
RATIO
.5
7.3586
Drying rate, g/s
0.
8.7440
FMC
Desirability
5.2868
7.1239
8.9610
No. of passes
.00702
.01040
.01378
Airflow rate
43.388
60.660
77.932
Temp
10.500
MR
S = 0.00700203
r = 0.99977477
1 .1
0 .9
0 .7
0 .5
0 .3
0 .1
0 .0
0
0.0
55.0
110.0
165.0
220.0
275.0
330.0
time (min)
Figure 23. Moisture Ratio vs., time of run no.1
MR
S = 0.00625029
r = 0.99984199
1 .1
0 .9
0 .7
0 .5
0 .3
0 .1
0 .0
0
0.0
49.5
99.0
148.5
198.0
247.5
time (min)
Figure 24. Moisture Ratio vs., time of run no.2
297.0
MR
S = 0.00641993
r = 0.99981133
1 .1
0 .9
0 .7
0 .5
0 .3
0 .1
0 .0
0
0.0
55.0
110.0
165.0
220.0
275.0
330.0
time (min)
Figure 25. Moisture Ratio vs., time of run no.3
MR
S = 0.00623052
r = 0.99982200
1 .1
0 .9
0 .7
0 .5
0 .3
0 .1
0 .0
0
0.0
55.0
110.0
165.0
220.0
275.0
time (min)
Figure 26. Moisture Ratio vs., time of run no.4
Figure 26. Moisture Ratio vs., time of run no.4
330.0
MR
S = 0.00996773
r = 0.99959658
1 .1
0 .9
0 .7
0 .5
0 .3
0 .1
0 .0
0.0
49.5
99.0
148.5
198.0
247.5
297.0
time (min)
Figure 27. Moisture Ratio vs., time of run no.5
MR
S = 0.00087454
r = 0.99999616
1 .1
0 .9
0 .7
0 .5
0 .3
0 .1
0 .0
0.0
66.0
132.0
198.0
264.0
330.0
time (min)
Figure 28. Moisture Ratio vs., time of run no.6
396.0
MR
S = 0.00753282
r = 0.99973918
1 .1
0 .9
0 .7
0 .5
0 .3
0 .1
0 .0
0
0.0
55.0
110.0
165.0
220.0
275.0
330.0
time (min)
Figure 29. Moisture Ratio vs., time of run no.7
MR
S = 0.00235607
r = 0.99996917
1 .1
0 .9
0 .7
0 .5
0 .3
0 .1
0 .0
0
0.0
71.5
143.0
214.5
286.0
357.5
time (min)
Figure 30. Moisture Ratio vs., time of run no.8
429.0
MR
S = 0.00639047
r = 0.99983521
1 .1
0 .9
0 .7
0 .5
0 .3
0 .1
0 .0
0
0.0
49.5
99.0
148.5
198.0
247.5
297.0
time (min)
Figure 31. Moisture Ratio vs., time of run no.9
MR
S = 0.00680783
r = 0.99978782
1 .1
0 .9
0 .7
0 .5
0 .3
0 .1
0 .0
0
0.0
55.0
110.0
165.0
220.0
275.0
time (min)
Figure 32. Moisture Ratio vs., time of run no.10
330.0
MR
S = 0.00686616
r = 0.99978409
1 .1
0 .9
0 .7
0 .5
0 .3
0 .1
0 .0
0
0.0
55.0
110.0
165.0
220.0
275.0
330.0
time (min)
Figure 33. Moisture Ratio vs., time of run no.11
MR
S = 0.01358103
r = 0.99887169
1 .1
0 .9
0 .7
0 .5
0 .3
0 .1
0 .0
0
0.0
71.5
143.0
214.5
286.0
357.5
time (min)
Figure 34. Moisture Ratio vs., time of run no.12
429.0
MR
S = 0.00726257
r = 0.99975903
1 .1
0 .9
0 .7
0 .5
0 .3
0 .1
0 .0
0
0.0
55.0
110.0
165.0
220.0
275.0
330.0
time (min)
Figure 35. Moisture Ratio vs., time of run no.13
MR
S = 0.00224589
r = 0.99997208
1 .1
0 .9
0 .7
0 .5
0 .3
0 .1
0 .0
0
0.0
71.5
143.0
214.5
286.0
357.5
time (min)
Figure 36. Moisture Ratio vs., time of run no.14
429.0
MR
S = 0.00865136
r = 0.99954211
1 .1
0 .9
0 .7
0 .5
0 .3
0 .1
0 .0
0
0.0
71.5
143.0
214.5
286.0
357.5
time (min)
Figure 37. Moisture Ratio vs., time of run no.15
429.0
