01 - ADM 201 SP 13 Study Notes
01 - ADM 201 SP 13 Study Notes
Contents
1 Administration Essentials for New Admins ........................................................................................... 5 1.1 Overview ....................................................................................................................................... 5 Administration Responsibilities ............................................................................................ 5 Update Chatter Profile .......................................................................................................... 5 Objects in Salesforce ............................................................................................................. 5 Salesforce Objects and Relationships ................................................................................... 6 Salesforce Tabs and Apps...................................................................................................... 6 Salesforce Tour...................................................................................................................... 6 Salesforce Training Portal ..................................................................................................... 6
Getting Your Organization Ready for Users .................................................................................. 7 The Big Picture ...................................................................................................................... 7 Global Settings: Company Profile Settings ........................................................................... 7 Global Settings: UI Settings .................................................................................................. 8 Global Settings: Calendar Settings ....................................................................................... 9 Global Settings: Search Settings ......................................................................................... 10 Global Settings: Chatter ..................................................................................................... 10
Setting Up and Managing Users.................................................................................................. 11 The Big Picture .................................................................................................................... 11 User Profile.......................................................................................................................... 11 Manage Users ..................................................................................................................... 12
Security and Data Access ............................................................................................................ 13 The Big Picture: ................................................................................................................... 13 Object Access: ..................................................................................................................... 13 Record Access: .................................................................................................................... 14
Customization: Fields .................................................................................................................. 18 Standard Fields .................................................................................................................... 18 Custom Fields ...................................................................................................................... 19 Create Picklists .................................................................................................................... 19 Create Lookups ................................................................................................................... 20
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Custom Formula Fields........................................................................................................ 20 Page Layouts ....................................................................................................................... 21 Maintain Data Quality ......................................................................................................... 21 Customizing Activities ......................................................................................................... 22
Managing Data ............................................................................................................................ 22 The Big Picture: Salesforce.com has several data management capabilities: ................... 22 Import Wizards.................................................................................................................... 22
1.6.1 1.6.2 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Background ................................................................................................................................. 22 CSV File ........................................................................................................................................ 23 Preparing the Import File ............................................................................................................ 23 Additional Import Considerations ............................................................................................... 23 Matching Fields and Duplicates .................................................................................................. 23 Account Data ....................................................................................................................... 23
1.6.3 1. 2. 3.
Salesforce Id ................................................................................................................................ 23 Data Loader ................................................................................................................................. 23 Data Import: Best Practices ........................................................................................................ 24 Data.com Capabilities ......................................................................................................... 24
1.6.4 1.
Description .................................................................................................................................. 24 Social Accounts and Contacts ............................................................................................. 24 Mass Transfer Records ........................................................................................................ 25 Backup Data ........................................................................................................................ 25 Delete Bad Data from the Import ....................................................................................... 25
Reports and Dashboards ............................................................................................................. 25 The Big Picture .................................................................................................................... 25 Report Basics ....................................................................................................................... 25 Custom Reports................................................................................................................... 26 Adding a Chart to a Report ................................................................................................. 27 Printing and Exporting Report Results ................................................................................ 28 Dashboards ......................................................................................................................... 29 Extending Salesforce Analytics............................................................................................ 31
Automation ................................................................................................................................. 31
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1.8.1 1.8.2 1.8.3 1.8.4 1.8.5 1.8.6 1.8.7 1.8.8 1.8.9 1.8.10 1.8.11 1.8.12 1.8.13
The Big Picture .................................................................................................................... 31 E-mail Administration ......................................................................................................... 31 Folders and Folder Security ................................................................................................ 31 Email Templates .................................................................................................................. 31 Troubleshooting Permissions .............................................................................................. 32 Workflow............................................................................................................................. 32 Automating Leads ............................................................................................................... 33 Automating Cases ............................................................................................................... 33 Preparing for Web-to-Lead or Web-to-Case ....................................................................... 34 Create Custom Fields .......................................................................................................... 34 Create Queues .................................................................................................................... 34 Create Assignment Rules .................................................................................................... 34 Create Auto Response Rules ............................................................................................... 34
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9. Leads: Individuals interested in your products or services. Associated to one or more campaigns. Converted into Accounts, Contacts and Opportunities.
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3. Record currency can be set to allow a particular opportunity to be set in a currency other than the corporate currency. Default currency for a record is the personal/user currency. ii. Multiple currencies by default have a single exchange rate per currency. The conversion is based on a conversion from the default corporate currency, and this conversion rate can be set. Anytime this single exchange rate is changed, it is automatically reflected on any record with that currency. iii. Advanced Currency Management allows dated exchange rates. This allows opportunities to fix their value based on the exchange rate that has a date before the opportunitys close date. 4. Support Information includes the following information: a. Business Hours b. Holidays 5. Navigation: User menu (upper right)->Setup->Administration and the following submenus/pages: a. Company Information b. Manage Currencies c. Fiscal Year d. Business Hours e. Holidays f. Language Settings
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a. Enable inline editing Gives user the ability to edit a record in the list view directly, but only when Enable Enhanced Lists is enabled b. Enable Enhanced Lists Gives users the ability to switch between traditional list views or a Chatter view, displaying recent Chatter for the records in the list. Users can also select and edit multiple records at the same time. c. Enable Printable List Views Allows users to have the ability to generate printer-friendly views of their lists. 5. Tasks, Events and Emails in Salesforce a. Tasks are to-do items. b. Events are calendar items. c. In Salesforce, both Tasks and Events appear in the Activities lists. There are two activities lists: Open Activities (uncompleted) and Activity History.
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e. Lead f. Opportunity g. User 6. Chatter Messenger chat securely with people you follow in Chatter without usng an external clients. Can be disabled by the Admin in Chatter settings 7. Every user can create groups: 2 types: private or public. Each group only has one owner and several managers. Ability to see the last date of activity within the group. 8. Only Individual users can update their own profiles.
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c. Chatter Free User: Access all standard Chatter people, profiles, groups and files. Can make posts, leave comments, and upload and view files and join groups. Cannot access any Salesforce object details d. Chatter Moderator User: Same as Chatter Free User plus activate/deactivate other Chatter Free users/moderators, grant/revoke moderator priveleges and delete posts and comments they can see e. Chatter External User: Access groups theyve been invited to and nteract with members of those groups 6. Creating Custom Profiles a. Available in Enterprise, Developer, and Unlimited Edition b. Created by System Admnistrators by copying and then modifying an existing profile c. Accessed: User Menu|Setup|Manage Users|Profiles d. No relationship between original and copied profiles: changes to one dont propogate to the other. e. Enhanced User Interface, not available out of the box, must be enabled via UI settings (User Menu|Setup|Customize|User Interface). f. Profile detail page allows configuration of settings and permissions. g. Tab Settings for a Profile provide the default view of a tab for any user with that profile. i. Tab Hidden: Tab not available for the user. ii. Default Off: Hiding a tab by default, but any user can choose to display it. iii. Default On: Showing a tab by default, but any user can choose to hide it.
1.3.3.2
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4. Chatter setting: Allow Co-worker invitations allows co-workers to be invited and if they accept, automatically create user records with a Chatter Free license. 5. Chatter setting: Allow Customer invitations allows customers to be invited and if they accept, automatically create user records with a Chatter External license. 1.3.3.3 1. 2. 3. 4. Troubleshooting Login Issues View a users login history: User Menu|Setup|Manage Users|Users|Name of User Users can reset passwords themselves by clicking the Forgot Your Password on the login page. Passwords can be reset manually by clicking on the Reset Password button in the user list. Passwords can be locked if password policy rules are violated. Password Policy rules can be set at User Menu|Setup|Security Controls|Password Policies
4. 5. 6. 7.
a. App b. Tab c. User d. Object e. Field f. Service Provider g. Apex Class h. Visual Force Permission Set Access: User Menu|Setup|Manage Users|Permission Sets Permission sets only grant additional permissions, not deny them. Profile + Permission Set 1 + Permission Set 2 = User Access Login as an End-User: User can grant admin capability to login and view their data for troubleshooting purposes.
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5. Role Hierarchy allows users to have the same level of access to records owned by or shared with users below them. Users in the same role or level cannot access each others records. 6. By object, role hierarchy allows for defining access to associated Account records (i.e. Contacts, Opportunities, Cases) through roles. These settings can override the organization defaults. For example, if cases are set to private, Account owners wont see an Accounts cases owned by other users. By setting the Account Cases (for a Role) to have view access, it will allow those Account owners with that type of Role to see their Accounts cases. 3 Types of access: a. No access b. View only c. View and Edit 7. Sharing Rules grant additional record access to defined groups of users on an object-byobject basis. a. User Menu|Setup|Security Controls|Sharing Settings b. Sharing Rules define Which records, with which users and what level of access c. Which Records? i. Owned by certain users ii. Meeting certain criteria d. With Which Users? i. Public Groups ii. Roles iii. Roles and Subordinates e. What level of Access? i. Read-only ii. Read/write 8. 7 types of Sharing Rules a. Account Sharing Rule i. Based on who owns the account, or on selected criteria ii. Allows you to set default sharing access for accounts and their associated cases, contacts, contracts, and opportunities b. Contact Sharing Rule i. Is based on who owns the contact (must be associated with an account), or on selected criteria ii. Allows you to set default sharing access for individual contacts and their accounts iii. Cannot use with Territory Management and B2I (Person Account) enabled orgs c. Opportunity Sharing Rule i. Is available in Enterprise Edition and Unlimited Edition ii. Is based on who owns the opportunity or on selected criteria. iii. Allows you to set default sharing access for individual opportunities and their accounts d. Case Sharing Rule Prepared by Ahmed Hassan, Pre-Sales Manager at Tata Consultancy Services. He can be reached at [email protected] or on LinkedIn at: http://www.linkedin.com/in/ahmedhassan Page 15 of 34
i. Is available in Enterprise and Unlimited Edition ii. Is based on who owns the case or on selected criteria iii. Allows you to set default sharing access for individual cases and associated accounts e. Lead Sharing Rule i. Is available in Enterprise Edition and Unlimited Edition ii. Is based on who owns the lead or on selected criteria iii. Allows you to set default sharing access for individual leads f. Campaign Sharing Rule i. Is available in Enterprise and Unlimited Edition ii. Is based on who owns the campaigns or on selected criteria iii. Allows you to set default sharing access for individual campaigns g. Custom Object Sharing Rule i. Is available in Enterprise and Unlimited Edition ii. Is based on who owns the custom object or on selected criteria iii. Allows you to set default sharing access for individual custom object records 9. Criteria-based sharing rules a. Determine which records to share based on field values in records b. Are ideal for companies with complex sharing requirements c. Can be used for accounts, opportunities, cases, contacts and custom objects d. Text and Text area fields are case sensitive in sharing rules 10. Using Public Groups with Sharing Rules a. A public group is a group of users to which a sharing rule can be applied all at once instead of individually b. A public group can be any combination of: i. Individual users ii. Other public groups iii. Roles and subordinates iv. Roles 11. Using Teams to share data a. Account Teams i. Share roles with sales teams ii. Are used for collaborative account management iii. Are used for sharing and reporting purposes b. Opportunity Teams (Sales Teams) i. Support collaborative selling and transparent reporting ii. Can be added by opportunity owners, their managers in the role hierarchy and administrators iii. Allow opportunity owners to grant access to each team member they select iv. Allow users to select a default team for each opportunity they own Prepared by Ahmed Hassan, Pre-Sales Manager at Tata Consultancy Services. He can be reached at [email protected] or on LinkedIn at: http://www.linkedin.com/in/ahmedhassan Page 16 of 34
v. Sharing is informational, not for dividing revenue of an opportunity between sales members c. Process of setting up teams i. Enable Teams, select page layouts for team related lists ii. Update team roles: Add, remove, rename, re-order. Same team role list is used in both Account and Sales Teams iii. Create Default Teams: Admin or user created, can auto-add to new records, can update existing records 12. Manual Sharing a. Is used to grant access on a one-off basis b. Can be granted by the owner, any role above the owner, or the administrator 13. Personal Calendars a. Every user has a personal calendar b. The administrator sets the organization-wide level of access to personal calendars in Security Controls 14. Public Calendars a. Administrators and users with Customize Application permission can create public calendars. b. Public calendars can be shared with public groups, roles and users. c. These specified users can choose to view the public calendar from any Calendar view. 15. How to use Organization-Wide Defaults, Role Hierarchy and Sharing Models a. Use OWD to set base level of Access b. Use Role Hierarchy to open up access vertically (between different roles or groups within an organization) c. Use Sharing rules to open up access laterally (between equivalent roles or groups within an organization that arent accomplished through role hierarchy) d. Use manual sharing to open up custom, flexible access.
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16. Field Level Security a. Defines user ability to view and edit fields in Salesforce b. Helps enforce data security c. Helps ensure that users only view relevant data d. Using field-level security to hide a field from a user also hides the field from list views, search results and reports. e. The most restrictive security settings always apply. For example, users with edit access to a field will not be able to edit it if they dont also have edit access to the object. f. Access field-level security settings through the field or the profile.
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1.5.1.2
Customization of Standard Fields 1. Change the field label 2. Add help text 3. Add and edit values in picklists
1.5.2.2
1.5.2.3
1.5.3.2
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1.5.4.2
1.5.4.3
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1.5.5.2
Cross-Object Formula Fields 1. Can formula fields to reference fields from parent objects, up to 10 parent levels.
1.5.6.2 Customize Page Layouts based on Record Types 1. Use a record type to define different sets of picklist values for standard and custom picklists 2. Use a record type to implement custom business processes by associating them to specific page layouts. 1.5.6.3 1. 2. 3. 4. Create a Business Process Update master picklist Create business process Create record types and associate them with business processes. Add record types to profiles.
1.5.7.2
Standard Data Validation Rules 1. Set field simple field properties to ensure valid data entry a. Required field universally required on save, auto-added to all page layouts, cannot be hidden, editable on all profiles, not for picklists, text area b. Unique field Stops duplicate values on save, existing duplicates cause error, e-mail, number, text fields only, text fields can be treated as case sensitive
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1.5.7.3
Custom Data Validation Rules 1. Enforce more complex conditions, involving one or more fields specific to a business process 2. Contains 2 components: a. Formula or expression for data evaluation b. Error Message Data Validation methodology 1. State the business requirements in detail 2. Break down the business requirements into simpler statements and state the error condition 3. Express the Error Condition 4. Compose an error message
1.5.7.4
2. CSV File
a. Values separated by commas b. Appears differently in a text document and spreadsheet
2. Data Loader
a. A client/desktop application that can be obtained from the AppExchange. b. Uses an API that defines the rules for accessing Salesforce from external applications. c. Requires a security token to log in from an untrusted location. d. Import Wizard vs. Data Loader:
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2. 3. 4. 5.
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1.7.2.3 Reports: Basic Facts 1. In a report, users only see records and fields that their security settings allow them to see 2. Users with the Run Reports permission and access to the specified folder containint the report can run it. An admin can set folder access or create new folders. Folders can be public, private or accessible to selected users. 3. Use Enhanced reports tab to find and create reports and dashboards, all in the same place. 4. Navigate through folders to see reports in a folder. 5. Search allows user to find a folder 6. Sort and customize columns identifying reports: (Name, Folder, Created By, Created Date, etc.) 7. Recently viewed reports are those the user follows, recently viewed, or created. 8. User can receive chatter updates by following a report. Any changes will be notified to the chatter post. 1.7.2.4 1. 2. 3. 4. Reports: Options Always available at the top of every report Options depend on the type of data being reported on Make changes in a few clicks, then save as a new report Examples: Time Frame of records in reports, filters including My, All, etc., Status values.
1.7.3.2 1. 2. 3. 4.
Report Builder Upgrade Grants all user access to the report builder, including those in Group and Professional editions Enables scatter charts Allows users to access the old report wizard only Accessibility Mode Needs to be enabled manually for existing organization, already turned on for new organizations 5. Cant be disabled after its turned on
1.7.3.3 Tabular Report Features 1. A simple list of records 2. Used for mailing lists and activity reports 3. Dont include summaries or subtotals
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1.7.3.4 Summary Report Features 1. Records can be sorted into groups with subtotals 1.7.3.5 Matrix Report Features 1. Summarize data in a grid against horizontal and vertical criteria 2. Provides totals for both rows and columns 3. Group by dates allows user to select grouping time frame (week, month, quarter, year, fiscal quarter, etc.) 1.7.3.6 Report Filters and Filter Logic 1. Add up to 20 additional filters to a report, directly in the Filters pane 2. Link multiple filters using operators like and, or or not to create sophisticated conditions 3. Offset priority conditions using parentheses and nested parentheses 1.7.3.7 Using Literal Date Values in Reports 1. Literal values in custom report filters can be used: a. Yesterday b. Last week c. Today d. This month e. Tomorrow 2. Variables in literal date values can be used for the following values: a. Last n days b. Next n days c. Last n quarters d. Next n quarters e. Last n years f. Next n years 1.7.3.8 1. 2. 3. 4. Using Custom Summary Formulas Up to 5 custom summary formula per report Cannot reference another summary formula Can reference formula fields in data Only display on summary rows, not detail (record) rows
1.7.3.9 Add Conditional Highlighting to a Report 1. Highlight exceptional values in key fields to make them stand out 2. Need to identify range by its low and high break points, and identify a color for each range
a. Bar Charts: i. Each bar represents data from a grouping ii. Use horizontal to compare many groups iii. Use vertical to compare fewer groups or when grouping by a date field b. Line Charts: i. Each point represents data from a grouping ii. Use when grouping by a date field iii. Great for displaying changes over time c. Pie/Donut Charts: i. Each wedge represents data from a grouping ii. Size of a wedge is determined by summary field iii. Used to compare shares of the grand total iv. Use a donut chart to display the grand total in the center d. Funnel Charts: i. Each segment represents data from a grouping. The size of segment is determined by the summary field of each grouping ii. Use funnel charts to compare the summarized values of groupings e. Scatter Charts: i. Plot two summary fields against each other ii. Visualize the correlation between values in a group. iii. Enable the report builder upgrade to use scatter charts 2. Multiple Groupings a. Side by Side Bar i. Use this type of chart for multiple groupings, but not for totals, or proportions against a total ii. Each source is represented by a set of bars b. Stacked Bar i. Use this bar graph to display the proportions between values ii. Displays a single bar for each primary value with secondary values shown on the same bar. c. Stacked to 100% Bar i. Use this for proportions between values in each grouping ii. All bars are the same overall length d. Grouped Line i. Each bar represents an ordered set of data ii. Missing values are displayed as gaps. Difficult to display totals in this type of chart.
a. Print ready in Excel with all of the formatting, groupings and subtotals saved 2. Export a. Can be exported in either csv or xls formats. In export, all formatting, groupings and subtotals are lost. b. Export is used to mass update or move the data in a report c. Need to run the report before exporting (i.e. cannot be exported from the report builder) 3. Schedule and E-mail a. Can schedule a report to be run and e-mailed to a user/users b. Requires: a running user, frequency, start and end dates c. Report will be in HTML format in e-mail, as well as a link to the report in Salesforce d. Run report as a user e. Identify users e-mail to be sent towards.
1.7.6 Dashboards
1.7.6.1 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Definition Visual representation of key business information Displays data from custom source reports Is comprised of up to 20 components Can use Visualforce pages to be present data from other sources Can be scheduled to be refreshed and emailed automatically Has a running user to determine what data is visible Provides a high-level view of reports, can take the form of tables, charts, gauges and metrics
1.7.6.2 Dashboard Components 1. Tables a. Display data in column form b. Displays grouping or summary fields of the report c. Can display more than two columns 2. Charts a. Displays data graphically b. Is based on the report data c. Shows the fields that the report is summarized on 3. Guages a. Displays a single data value drawn from the grand total of a report b. Helps show progress towards a goal c. Can be followed to get notification when a breakpoint is reached 4. Metrics a. Displays a single data value drawn from the grand total of a report b. Uses conditional highlighting
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1.7.6.3 Dashboard Component Snapshots 1. A chatter option that needs to be enabled 2. Allows snapshot of the dashboard to be shared with other users or group feeds or to a dashboard feed, over-riding permission settings of who can see restricted data 1.7.6.4 Running User 1. Running user determines what data users can see. Allows users to see summarized data without sharing underlying data with everyone. 1.7.6.5 1. 2. 3. 1.7.6.6 1. 2. 3. Dynamic Dashboards Data is displayed based on the security settings of the user viewing it. There is no need to create multiple dashboards for different users. Option: specify authorized users who can change the running user to view as another user.
Dashboard Filters Can be used in a standard or dynamic dashboards. Can choose a field to base the filter on. Up to 10 filter options can be set. Each dashboard can have 3 filter options, must be based on date, date and time, currency, picklist, lookup or text fields. Using filters allows users to display different subsets of data on the same dashboard. 4. When scheduling or e-mailing filtered dashboards, or when posting a snapshot, the filter will not be applied and users will see unfiltered data. 5. Filters cannot be added to dashboards that contain visualforce or s-control components.
1.7.6.7 Drilling Down from a Dashboard 1. Use a dashboard as a starting point. 2. Default drilldown is to the source report of a dashboard. 3. Other options in a drilldown setting allow to drill down into a subset of the dashboards data, by some grouping. 4. Yet another option is to drill down into the detail record from the dashboard. 5. Alternatively, a URL can be specified for a drilldown, which can direct users to another dashboard or related report. 1.7.6.8 Drag and Drop Dashboard Builder 1. Is an interactive drag and drop interface for creating dashboards. 2. Available to users with the Manage Dashboards permission. 3. Allows users to create a dashboard using the four-step wizard: a. Select and drag a component to be included onto the dashboard canvas. b. Drag the data source, such as a report, onto the component. c. Edit the component and the dashboard properties directly through overlays on top of the dashboard. (Wrench icon or the Gear icon) for dashboard settings amd properties. d. Rob can select a running user to determine data visibility.
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1.8 Automation
1.8.1 The Big Picture
1. 2. 3. 4. Email administration and templates Workflow rules and their components Creating workflow rules Automating leads and cases
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1.8.6 Workflow
1.8.6.1 Worfklow Rules 1. Automates worfklows based on an organizations requirements 2. Triggers workflow actions based on criteria. 3. Evaluation Criteria>Trigger Criteria>Actions>Time Triggers>Actions 1.8.6.2 Evaluation and Trigger Criteria 1. Evaluation criteria are associated to an object and are any of the following: a. Created - When a record of that object type is created b. Created and Every Time Its Edited When a record of that object is created or edited c. Created and anytime its edited to subsequently meet criteria (as explained in the next point) 2. Criteria: a. Rules based on fields, operators, filter logic and values
1.8.6.3 Actions 1. Workflow Rules can trigger up to 80 actions 2. Actions: Workflow Tasks, Email Alerts, Field Updates and Workflow Outbound Messages 3. Workflow Tasks: a. Can be assigned to a user, role, record owner, record creator, sales team role or account team role b. Are associated with workflow rules for the same type of record c. Can be assigned to multiple users by creating multiple tasks as outcomes of the rule d. Are tracked in activity history and can be reported on 4. Email Alerts: a. Automatically send an email to one or more recipients b. Send a template email to a user, role, record owner, record creator, sales team role or account team role c. Can be sent to any email address populated in a custom or standard field on the record d. Email alerts cant be created for workflow rules on the activities object 5. Field Updates: a. Automatically change the value of a field b. Can be created for standard or custom objects c. Can be immediate or time-dependent d. Depending on the type of field, can make the value blank or calculate a value based on a formula e. Can retrigger workflow rules Prepared by Ahmed Hassan, Pre-Sales Manager at Tata Consultancy Services. He can be reached at [email protected] or on LinkedIn at: http://www.linkedin.com/in/ahmedhassan Page 32 of 34
6. Workflow Outbound Messages: a. Send specific information to a designated endpoint b. Send the data in the form of an API/SOAP message c. Can be created for standard or custom objects d. Cannot be used to create an audit trail 1.8.6.4 Time Based Workflow Criteria 1. Time triggers are used to trigger a workflow with a delay of hours or days. 2. Upcoming WF Actions are placed in a queue where they can be viewed and if necessary, delete them. 1.8.6.5 When are workflows evaluated? Salesforces order of operations are as follows: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Validation rules Assignment rules Auto-response rules Workflow rules Escalation Rules
Prepared by Ahmed Hassan, Pre-Sales Manager at Tata Consultancy Services. He can be reached at [email protected] or on LinkedIn at: http://www.linkedin.com/in/ahmedhassan Page 33 of 34
Prepared by Ahmed Hassan, Pre-Sales Manager at Tata Consultancy Services. He can be reached at [email protected] or on LinkedIn at: http://www.linkedin.com/in/ahmedhassan Page 34 of 34