Solutions CIRCLES Ex.

2 (A)
Q.1 (C) x2 + y2 = a2 If perpendicular tangents drawn from P(x1, y1) Then the product of slopes will be 1 x12 a2 + y12 a2 = 0 x12 + y12 = 2a2 This is director circle i.e. a concentric circle of radius a2 Q.2 (D) Coordinates of A (3, 0) Coordinates of B (0, 4) A and B are end points of diameter Equation of circle will be (x 3)(x 0) + (y 0)(y 4) =0 x2 + y2 3x 4y = 0 Q.3 3x + y = 12 2x + 5y = 18 Intersection points of these two lines is P Coordinates of P will be ( 13 , 13), Center C = (1, 2) Distance between C and P is radius Q.4 (B) Equation of circle touching both the coordinate axes in first quadrant is
x 2 y 2 2ax 2ay a 2 0 .
42 30

As it is touching 3x + 4y = 4 hence Hence a = 2 or 1/3.

3a 4a 4 a or 7a 4 5a . 5

Required circle is x 2 y 2 4x 4y 4 0 .

Q.5 (C) x2 + y2 4x 6y +3 =0 Center: C = (2, 3) And Point C lies on line 3x + 2y = 12 line is a diameter of the circle Q.6 (C) W1 : x2 + y2 = 6 W2 : x2 + y2 + 3x + 3y = 0 ( (, ). . 1)

1 ( (, ). . . 2) 1 (f2 + g2 6)/(f2 + g2 + 3f +3g) = 4/1 3f2 + 3g2 + 12f + 12g + 6 = 0 f2 + g2 + 4f + 4g + 2 = 0 = Q.7 (B) line y = mx + c will pass through center ( a, b ) b = ma + c Q.8 (C) Line will cut circle at point Q(h,k) i.e center will be the mid point of line PQ 2 = (2 + h )/2 and 3 = (3 + k)/2 h = 6 and k = 9 Q = (6, 9) Q.9 (C) x + 2y = 3 slope = 1/2 x2 + y2 2x = 0 center C ( 1, 0 ) So, equation of line passing through center C and with slope 1/2 (y 0) = 1/2 (x 1) x + 2y 1 = 0 Q.10 (B) (x 2)2 + y2 = 4 x2 + y2 4x = 0 5x 1/2y 2(x + 5) = 0 Or 6x y 20 = 0.

Q.11 (B) x2 + y2 = 169/25 Center C (0, 0) Radius R = 13/5 Perpendicular distance from center to line 4x + 3y = 12 d = |12|/5 d= 12/5 d< R line will be chord and is will cut the circle at 2 points Q.12 (A) Line y = x will cut the circle at two points A and B x2 + y2 2x = 0 (1) y=x (2) solving (1) and (1) we get x= 0 ,y=0 and x=1 , y=1 So, coordinates of A and B will be (0, 0) and (1, 1) Equation of circle with A and B as end point of diameter (x0)(x1) + (y0)(y1) = 0 x2 + y2 x y = 0 Q.13 (C) x2 + y2 + x + y 4 = 0 x2 + y2 x/3 y/3 + k/3 = 0 Let the tangents drawn from P(1, 2) ( . . 1) 1 = ( . . . 2) 1

16 4

1+4+1+24 5 +
1 2 3 3 3

16(4 + k/3) = 36 k = 21/4.

Q.14 (A) P (16, 7) x2 + y2 2x 4y 20 = 0 Center C (1 , 2) Radius R = 5 S1 = PQ2 = ( 162 + 72 32 28 20) PQ = 15 Area of PQCR = 2(5.15)/2 = 75 sq units Q.15 (C) Let the coordinates of center circle is (h, k) AB = 2a AM2 + CM2 = R2 = CP2 a2 + k2 = (h 0)2 + (k b)2 h2 2bk = a2 b2 locus is x2 2bk = a2 b2

Q.16 (B) Radius = CP CP2 = (4 2)2 + (5 2)2 CP2 = 13 Equation of circle (x 2)2 + (y 2)2 = 13 x2 + y2 4x 4y 5 = 0 Q.17 (C) Equation of circle (x 5)(x 1) + (y 7)(y 4) = 0 Is in diametric form, then the end points of coordinates are P (5, 7) and Q (1, 4) Length of diameter is PQ PQ2 = (5 1)2 + (7 4)2 PQ2 = 25 PQ = 5 Radius = 5/2.

Q.18 (A) Center lies on y 4x + 3 = 0 Then coordinate of P on line is (t, 4t3) Distance from A(2, 3) and B(4, 5) to center will be equal (i.e equal to radius) AP = BP (t 2)2 + (4t 6)2 = (t 4)2 + (4t 8)2 t=2 Center P ( 2, 5 ) Radius = 2 Then, equation of circle will be (x2)2 + (y5)2 = 4 x2 + y2 4x 10y + 25 = 0 Q.19 (D) C (1, 2) x2 + y2 + 2y 3 = 0 Center P (0, 1) Radius = CP CP2 = (10)2 + (2 +1)2 =2 Therefore equation of circle with center C and radius R (x1)2 + (y+2)2 = 2 x2 + y2 2x + 4y + 3 = 0 Q.20 (B) x2 + y2 + 8x + 10y 7 = 0 Center C(4, 5) x2 + y2 4x 6y = 0 Center P(2, 3) Radius of required circle will be the distance between CP CP2 = (2 + 4)2 + (3 + 5)2 = 36 + 64 CP = 10 So, the equation of circle with center C(4, 5) and radius 10 (x + 4)2 + (y + 5)2 = 100 x2 + y2 + 8x + 10y 59 = 0 Q.21 (D) x2 + y2 2cx 2cy + c2 = 0 Center C (c, c)

is

Radius = c Line L: 4x + 3y = 12 Perpendicular distance from C to line L is equal to radius i.e c = | 4c + 3c 12|/5 c = 1, 6 Q.22 (D) x2 + y2 + 2x 4y + 4 = 0 Center C( 1, 2) Radius = 2 P(1,2) Point coincide with center No tangent can be drawn

Q.23 (C) x2 + y2 4x 6y 12 = 0 Center C1 =( 2, 3) Radius R1 = 5 x2 + y2= + 6x + 18y + 26 = 0 Center C2 = (3, 9) Radius R2 = 8 Distance between the centers C1C2 = 13 And R1 + R2 = C1C2 circles touches externally 3 tangents

Q.24 (C) x2 + y2 4y = 0 Center C (0, 2) Radius R = 2 Line y = mx + c , touches the circle Therefore, the perpendicular distance from center to line will be equal to radius |(0)(2)+ | i.e 2 = 2 +1 c = 2( 1 + m2 + 1)

Q.25 (D) x2 + y2 = a2 (1) y = x + a2 (2) Solving (1) and (2) we get, x2 + (x + a2)2 = a2 x2 + x2 + 2a2 + 22a = a2 (2 + )2 = 0 x =
2

y=

Q.26 (A) x2 + y2 = 12 Center C (0, 0) Radius r1 = 23 x2 + y2 4x + 3y 2 = 0 Center P (2, 3/2) Radius r2 = 5/2 Let d = distance from origin to the common chord =2 2 h + d2 = r12 h = 22 So 2h = 42 Q.27 (D) Let the locus of the middle points of chords is P (h, k) x2 + y2 2x 6y 10 = 0 Equation of chord of circle passing through P xh + yk (x + h) 3(y + k) = h2 + k2 2h 6k It passes through origin O(0, 0) h2 + k2 2h 6k = h 3k h2 + k2 h 3k = 0 Q.28 (A) x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 Equation of chord of contact w.r.to P(g, f) will be gx + fy + g(x + g) + f(y + f) + c = 0 i.e. 2gx + 2fy + g2 + f2 + c = 0. Equation of chord of contact w.r.to O(0, 0) will be 0x + 0y + g(x + 0) + f(y + 0) + c = 0 i.e. gx + fy + c = 0.

Distance between the chords, d

g2 f 2 c 2 g2 f 2

Q.29 (B) x = acos y = asin Let the point P(h, k) is the point of intersection h2 + k2 = a2 + a2 = OP2 Therefore, equation of locus is a circle with center (0, 0) and radius OP is x2 + y2 = 2a2

Q.30 (C) From figure OP = OA = OB = radius of circle OP = OA h2 + k2 = (h +2)2 + (k 0)2 h = 1 OP = OB h2 + k2 = (h 0)2 + (k + 2)2 k = 1 Coordinates of center of circle P = (1 , 1) And radius = 2 Equation of circle is (x + 1)2 + (y + 1)2 = 2 x2 + y2 + 2x + 2y = 0 Q.31 (A) Equation of circle touches x axis g2 = c Therefore, equation of circle is x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + g2 = 0 It passes through P(3, 0) 9 + 0 + 6g + g2 = 0 g = 3 And it passes through Q(1, 4) 1 + 16 + 2g + 8f + g2 = 0 f = 5/2

Therefore equation is x2 + y2 6x 5y + 9 = 0 Q.32 (A) x+y=6 x + 2y = 4 Intersection point is P( 8, 2) So, equation of circle with radius = 10 and center P(8, 2) is (x 8)2 + (y + 2)2 = 100 x2 + y2 16x + 4y 32 = 0 Q.33 (A) Equation of tangent is x + y = 1 Coordinates of center C (2, 3) Radius is the perpendicular from center to the line R = |3 + 2 1 |/2 = 22 Therefore, equation of circle is (x 2)2 + (y 3)2 = 8 Q.34 (D) Let the center of circle is C1(h, k) Radius R1 = |h| It touches the y axis f2 = c x2 + y2 6x 6y + 14 = 0 Center C2(3, 3) Radius R2 = 2 Both circle touches each other C1C2 = R1 + R2 (h 3)2 + (k 3)2 = ( 2 + |h|)2 h2 + k2 6h + 9 6k + 9 = 4 + h2 + 4h k2 10h 6k + 14 = 0 y2 10x 6y + 14 = 0 Q.35 (A) line L: y = x1 Center lies on line L then coordinate of center C(t, t1) Therefore the equation of circle is (x t)2 + (y t + 1)2 = 9

And it passes through (7, 3) Therefore (7 t)2 + (3 t + 1)2 = 9 t = 7 or t = 4 for t=4 Coordinates of circle will be (4, 3) So, equation of circle (x 4)2 + (y 3)2 = 9 x2 8x + 16 + y2 6y + 9 = 9 x2 + y2 8x 6y + 16 = 0 Q.36 (B) x2 + y2 +3x 6y 9 = 0 Center C(3/2 , 3) Radius = 9/2 So the radius of circle will be 2 + 9/2 = 13/2 Therefore the equation of circle with radius 13/2 and center C x2 + y2 + 3x 6y 31 = 0 Q.37 (A) Center C (2, 1) Circle touches the line at P (4, 3) Therefore Radius is equal to the distance between CP CP 2 = 40 So, Equation of circle is (x + 2)2 + (y 1)2 = 40 x2 + y2 + 4x 27 35 = 0 Q.38 (B) x2 + y2 = a2 Equation of tangent will be x cos + y sin = a xintercept = yintercept =
a cos a sin 1 2 2

Area of triangle = (

) = a2

Sin2 = + 1 = /4 , 3 /4, 5 /4, 7 /4 So, equation of tangent to the circle will be

x + y = a2 x y = a2 x + y = a2 x y = a2

for = /4 for =5 /4 for =5 /4 for =5 /4

Q.39 (B) Let L represent the pair of line ( kx y + 1)(x 2y + 3) If circle passes through their intersection then m1*m2 = 1 where m1= slope of line kx y + 1 = k and, m2= slope of line x 2y + 3 = k=2 Q.40 (B) x2 + y2 +2gx + 2fy + c = 0 Center: ( g, f) Line lx + my n will pass through center lg fy n = 0 lg + fy + n = 0 Q.41 (C) x2 + y2 4x 5 = 0 x2 + y2 +6x 2y + 6 = 0 Equation of radical axis 10x 2y + 11 = 0 Point P (, ) lies on this line 10 2 + 11 = 0 Q.42 (B) x2 + y2 2x + 4y + 1= 0 Chord of contact from A(0, 1) y x +2(y+1) +1 = 0 3y x + 3 = 0 Family of circle passing through B and C x2 + y2 2x + 4y + 1 + k(3y x + 3) k = 1 So, equation will be x2 + y2 x + y 2= 0

Q.43 (A) Let the mid point is P(h, k) PCB = 600 x2 + y2 2x 2y 2 = 0 Center C (1, 1) Radius R = 2 CP/CB = cos600 CP = 1 Therefore, the equation of circle with center C and radius = 1 (x 1)2 + (y 1)2 = 1 x2 + y2 2x 2y + 1= 0 Q.44 (B) x2 + y2 = a2 Center O (0, 0) Radius = a OP is the perpendicular distance from the center to the line y = mx + c OP =
|| 2 +1 || 2 +1

Then in triangle OPB a2 b 2 =

Q.45 (C) 2x2 + 2y2 3x +5y 7 = 0 Let the coordinates of pole be (h, k) Equation of polar T = 0 2xh + 2yk 3/2(x + h) + 5/2(y + k) 7 = 0 By comparing it with equation 9x + y 28 = 0 h = 3 and k = 1 Q.46 (A) Point P lies on radical axis PQ2 = PR2 POR is an isosceles triangle.

Q.47 (B) Let coordinates of P(h, k) x2 + y2+ 2x 4y 20 = 0 length of tangent from P to circle (2 + 2 + 2 4 20) Similarly for circle x2 + y2 4x +2y 44 = 0 length of tangent from P to circle is (2 + 2 4 + 2 44) Therefore , 2 (2 + 2 + 2 4 20) = 3(2 + 2 4 + 2 44) h2 + k2 +14h 16k +28 = 0 center (7, 8) Q.48 (A) (x1)2 + (y2)2 = r2 Center C (1, 2) Line L: 3x +4y 1 = 0 Perpendicular distance from center to the line L is radius r r = |3+81|/5 = 2 Q.49 (A) CO = CA = CB = radius CO = CA h2 + k2 = (h a)2 + (k 0)2 h=a And CO = CB h2 + k2 = (h 0)2 + (k b)2 k=b Therefore, equation of circle will be (x a)2 + (y b)2 = a2 + b2 x2 + y2 ax by = 0 Q.50 (A) x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 Center C1 (g , f) x2 + y2 2x +4y +20 = 0 Center C2 (1, 2)

(1)

 g = 1 and f = 2 circle (1) passes through (4, 2) 42 + (2)2 +4*(1) +(2)*2 + c =0 c = 4 Q.51 (A) C1C2 = R1 +R2 Therefore circle touches externally Q.52 (C) BO = AO Then circumcenter lie on y axis Coordinates of A(0, 6) B(23, 0) C(23,0) Coordinates of mid point of AC wiil be M(3, 3) Then equation of perpendicular bisector of AC will be (y 3 ) = 1/3 (x 3) Therefore Y intercept = 2 So, the coordinates of circumcenter will be C(0, 2 ) Then equation of circle with center C and radius =4 (x 0)2 + (y 2)2 = 16 x2 + y2 4y = 12 Q.53 (A) x2 + y2 = 1 Center C1 (0, 0) Radius R1 = 1 Center C2 (4, 3) Radius R2 Case 1 If circles touches each other externally C1C2 = R1 + R2 R2 = 5 1 = 4 So equation will be (x+4)2 + (y3)2 = 16 Or x2 + y2 + +8x 6y + 9 = 0 ( check for case 2 when they touch internally)

Q.54 (B) x2 + y2 = 5 Tangent from point P (1, 2) is x 2y = 5 and this is also the equation of circle x2 + y2 8x +6y +20 =0 Then x = 5 +2y will satisfy this equation (2y + 5)2 + y2 16y 40 + 6y + 20 = 0 y = 1 & x = 3 Q.55 x2 +y2 =1 Center C(0, 0) Radius = 1 Perpendicular distance from center to line y = x+c will be radius 1= |c|/2 c = 2 or c = 2 Ans: ( C ) Q.56 (A)

y = mx + a2 + 1 and y = mx a2 + 1 Is the equation of tangents of circle x2 + y2 = a2 Then equation of tangent of circle x2 + y2 = 25 is y = mx + 252 + 1 and y = mx 252 + 1

Q.57 (C) Go by option wise For option C (x3)2 + y2 = 9 Center C(3, 0) P( 3 + 3/2, 3/2) CP2 = 9 CP = radius Q.58 (A) x2 + y2 2x +4y 20 = 0 4x = 10 +3y x = (10 + 3y)/4 Solving (1) and (2) we get

(1) (2)

(2, 6) and ((4, 2) Q.59 (B) x2+ y2 = 2ax (1) 2 2 x + y = 2bx (2) Solving (1) and (2) we get ax = by y = ax/b Substituting this in (1) we get x2 + (ax/b)2 = 2ax x = 2ab2/(a2 + b2) y = 2a2b/(a2 + b2) So, point of intersection are (0, 0) and (2ab2/(a2 + b2), 2a2b/(a2 + b2)) Q.60 (C) Let the required circle be x2 + y2+2gx +2fy + c = 0 (1) Point P(1,1) lies on circle 2g + 2f + c = 2 (4) 2 2 x + y +2x +4y + 6 = 0 (2) 2 2 x + y +4x +6y + 2 = 0 (3) Circle (1) and (2) are orthogonal 2g(1) + 2f(2) = c +6 (5) And circle (1) and (3) are orthogonal 2g(2) + 2f(3) = c +2 (6) Solving (4), (5) and (6) we get g = 8 , f = 6 and c=2 Q.61 (A) x2 + y2+2gx +2fy = 0 (1) x2 + y2+2gx +2fy = 0 (2) Circle (1) and (2) touches externally then C1C2 = R1+ R2 ( )2 + ( )2 = 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 =

Q.62 (D) x2 + y2 2x 3 = 0 Center C1 ( 1, 0) Radius R1 = 2 x2 + y2 4x 6y 8 =0 Center C2 (2, 3) Radius R2= 21 C1C2 = 10 |R1 R2| = |2 21| R1 + R2 = 2 + 21 |R1 R2| < C1C2 < R1 + R2 Therefore circles are intersecting Q.63 (B) If A and B are two distinct points then PA cant be equal to PB PA / PB not equal to 1 Q.64 (A) x2 + y2= a2 (1) 2 2 x + y = 2ax (2) Let the intersection point of tangent is P(h, k) Then equation of chord of contact xh + yk = a2 (3) And (3) is tangent to circle (2) Then perpendicular distance from center to (3) is radius a = |ah + 0(k) a2|/2 + 2 (h a)2 = h2 + k2 k2 = (a( a2h) y2 = (a(a2x) Q.65 (A) x2 + 2ax b2 = 0 let the roots be x1 and x2 x1 + x2 = 2a and x1x2=b2 y2 + 2py q2 = 0 let the roots be y1 and y2 y1 + y2 = 2p and y1y2 = q2 Equation of circle with (x1 , y1) and (x2, y2) as diameter

(x x1)(x x2) + (y y1)(y y2) = 0 x2 + y2 + 2ax + 2py b2 q2 = 0 Q.66 (A) OP2 + PA2 = OA2 r2 = 2a2 x2 + y2 2x + 4y 93 = 0 Radius = 72 a=7 hence A( 8, 5 ) , B(6, 5), C(6, 9), D(8, 9). Q.67 (B) x2 + y2 4x 6y 3 =0 Center C (2, 3) It touches the y axis f2 = c g = 2 f = 3 c=9 Equation of circle x2 + y2 4x 6y + 9 =0 Q.68 (C) |x| = |y| x2 = y2 x2 y2 =0 Q.69 (A) S: x2 + y2 2x + 4y + 3 = 0 Point P (6, 5) Equation of pair of tangents from P to circle S SS1 = T2 S1 = ( 36 25 12 20 +3) = 17 7x2 + 23y2 + 30 xy 66x 50y 73 = 0