Wave CIoud
Formed by strong horizontaI
winds over uneven terrain
SheIf CIoud
Represents the Ieading edge
of strong winds in advance
of a thunderstorm
WaII CIoud
Lowering of the rain free
base of a thunderstorm, often
prior to tornado formation
Tornado
RapidIy rotating coIumn
under a cumuIonimbus cIoud
that touches the ground
Mammatus
Drooping underside of
heavy, rain-saturated cIouds
L9: CumuIonimbus
With fibrous top, often
with an anviI
L8: CumuIus & StratocumuIus
Not spreading, bases at
different IeveIs
L7: Stratus Fractus
and/or CumuIus Fractus
occurs with rain or snow
L6: Stratus
In a continuous Iayer
and/or ragged shreds
L5: StratocumuIus
Not from the spreading
and fIattening of cumuIus
L4: StratocumuIus
From the spreading and
fIattening of cumuIus
L3: CumuIonimbus
Tops not fibrous, outIine not
compIeteIy sharp, no anviI
L2:CumuIus
Moderate/strong verticaI
extent, or towering cumuIus
L1: CumuIus
CumuIus of fair weather
with fIattened appearance
M9: AItocumuIus
Chaotic sky, cIoud bases
at severaI IeveIs
M8: AItocumuIus
With cumuIus-Iike tufts
or turrets
M7: AItocumuIus
One or more opaque Iayers,
w/ aItostratus or nimbostratus
M6: AItocumuIus
From the spreading of
cumuIus or cumuIonimbus
M5: AItocumuIus
One or more bands or Iayers,
expanding, thickening
M4: AItocumuIus
Lens-shaped, or continuaIIy
changing shape and size
M3: AItocumuIus
Semi-transparent, one IeveI,
cIoud eIements change sIowIy
M2: AItostratus or
Nimbostratus
Dense enough to hide
the sun or moon
M1: AItostratus
MostIy semi-transparent, sun
or moon may be dimIy visibIe
H9: CirrocumuIus
AIone or with some cirrus
or cirrostratus
H8: Cirrostratus
Not increasing, not
covering the whoIe sky
H7: Cirrostratus
TransIucent, compIeteIy
covering the sky
H6: Cirrostratus
Cirrus bands, increasing,
veiI above 45 eIevation
H5: Cirrostratus
Cirrus bands, increasing,
beIow 45 eIevation
H4: Cirrus
In hooks or fiIaments,
increasing, becoming denser
H3: Cirrus
Often anviI shaped remains
of a cumuIonimbus
H2: Cirrus
Dense, in patches or sheaves,
not increasing, or with tufts
H1: Cirrus
In the form of fiIaments,
strands, or hooks
Low Clouds: cloud bases Up to 6,500 ft (0-2km)
Middle Clouds: cloud bases 6,500 - 23,000ft (2-7km)
High Clouds: cloud bases 16,000 - 50,000ft (5-15km)
Special photo credit thanks to Jim W. Lee, Eric Kurth, Brian Klimowski, and Eric Helgeson
http://www.weather.gov/os/brochures/cIoudchart.pdf
Typical Types: Stratus (St), Stratocumulus (Sc), Cumulus (Cu), Cumulonimbus (Cb)
Typical Types: Altostratus (As), Altocumulus (Ac), Nimbostratus (Ns)
Typical Types: Cirrus (Ci), Cirrostratus (Cs), Cirrocumulus (Cc)
SKY WATCHER CHART