GROWTH AND YIELD PERFORMANCE OF ARROWROOT

(Maranta arundinacea L.) GROWN IN TWO CULTURAL

PRACTICES IN CATANAUAN, QUEZON

RAMONCHITO F. CASTILLO
MARY GENIELE D. REGALADO
Southern Luzon State University
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE
April 2014

ii
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
Name: Ramonchito F. Castillo
Birthdate: April 17, 1994
Birthplace: Sariaya, Quezon
Permanent Address: 071 Mabini St., Sariaya, Quezon
Contact Number: 09498487010
Email Address: [email protected]
Educational Background:
School/University

Inclusive Years

St. Josephs Academy

2000-2006

St. Josephs Academy

2006-2010

Southern Luzon State University

2010-2014

Honor/Awards

Academic Affiliation
Member:
Asst. Treasurer:
Lay- out artist:
Member:
Member:
Member:

Future Farmers of the Philippines Collegiate Chapter

(FFPCC)
2010-2011
College of Agriculture Student Council
2011-2012
BINHI Publication
Future Farmers of the Philippines Collegiate Chapter
(FFPCC)
Future Farmers of the Philippines Collegiate Chapter
(FFPCC)
2012-2013
Progressive Agriculturists Society (PAS)

Sports Committee: College of Agriculture Student Council

2013-2014

Member:

Progressive Agriculturists Society

Member:

Future Farmers of the Philippines Collegiate Chapter (FFPCC)

iii
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
Name: Mary Genielle D. Regalado
Birthdate: April 16, 1994
Birthplace: Pakil, Laguna
Permanent Address: 109 Gonzales St., Pakil, Laguna
Contact Number: 09486992244
Email Address: [email protected]
Educational Background:
School/University

Inclusive Years

Honor/Awards

Pakil Central Elementary School

2000-2006

4th honorable

Laguna State Polytechnic University,

Laboratory High School

2006-2010

Southern Luzon State University

2010-2014

Academic Affiliation
Treasurer:

Rotaract Club of Lucban

2010 2011

Member:

Eagle Ray Swimming Society

2010 2011

Vice President:

Rotaract Club of Lucban

2011 2012
2011 2012

Class P.R.O:
Treasurer:

COA SC

Member:

Future Farmers of the Philippines Collegiate Chapter

(FFPCC)

2012 2013
2010 2014

Member:

Progressive Agriculturists Society (SLSU PAS)

Member:

Laguna State Polytechnic University, Laboratory High School

Alumna Association

iv
APPROVAL SHEET

In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree, Bachelor of Science in

Agriculture, this research paper entitled, Growth and Yield Performance of Arrowroot
(Maranta arundinacea L.) Grown in Two Cultural Practices in Catanauan, Quezon
has been prepared and submitted by Ramonchito F. Castillo and Mary Genielle D.
Regalado, who are hereby recommended for oral examination.
MOSES T. MACALINAO
Research Adviser
Approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree, Bachelor of Science in
Agriculture, by the oral examination committee

EUSEBIA J. ZOLETA
Member

MAY M. DEALINO
Member
NOEMI R. VILLAVERDE
Chairperson

Accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree, Bachelor of

Science in Agriculture.

DATE

GONDELINA A. RADOVAN Ph.D.

Dean

v
DEDICATION

This piece of work is humbly dedicated to the

Arrowroot Farmers of Catanauan, Quezon

R. F. C.
M. G. D. R.

vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Behind every persistence is ones success, but a person will never enjoy that
success without recognizing the help of the following people:
Engr. Moses T. Macalinao, Research adviser, for his encouragement and
assistance to pursue this research into a reality. His advice and technical support have
been priceless.
Professor Noemi R. Villaverde, Professor Eusebia J. Zoleta, and Professor
May M. Dealino, members of the guidance committee for their brilliant comments and
suggestions,
Dr. Gondelina A. Radovan, the Dean of the College of Agriculture and
Professor Rajie M. Villenas COA-SC Adviser, for the insights they have imparted.
Mrs. Aloudia Rey, Magsasaka Siyentista of Catanauan Quezon, for the unending
assistance on the conduct of the study.
Mr. Ramon and Mrs. Evangeline Castillo, and his siblings, Michael, Roma,
and Ana and the whole family for their support, prayer, and concern throughout the
conduct of the study.
To the faculty, staff, and students, of the College of Agriculture for the love,
kindness, and support they had shown during the researchers college days. Especially, to
Ate Susin, who spent sleepless nights to find answer to many queries.

vii
Above all, to ALMIGHTY GOD, thank you.

RAMONCHITO F. CASTILLO

viii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Modest and earnest gratitude are hereby extended to all the people who have
provided their help and assistance to complete this research study.
Engr. Moses T. Macalinao, Research Adviser, for checking the manuscript and
assistance throughout the realization of the study;
Prof. Noemi R. Villaverde, Chairman of the Guidance Committee, for her
valuable comments and suggestions to improve the manuscript;
Mrs. May M. Dealino and Eusebia J. Zoleta, Member of the guidance
committee, for their assistance and guidance in the accomplishment of this research and
for contributing suggestions for the improvement of the manuscript.
Mrs. Alodia Rey, Farmer Co-operator, for lending her farm area and sharing her
knowledge to the researchers and for moral support to finish the study.
Her parents, Eugene and Gloria Regalado, her siblings Eugar and Eunice, her
uncle and aunties Tita Vicky, Lorie, Amy Maret Asun and Tito Chad and Tope, for
their support, prayers, loving, care, and financial assistance to make this research into
reality.
To her BSA IV 2013 2014 family, Aubrey, Rona, Grace E & Grace G
Dianne Joy A, Tope, Keo, Bano, for the support and encouragement; Maria, Lemon,

ix
Ate Susin, Pabon, Kuya Mark, Chito, Felix and Buddy for sharing happiness in times
of disappointment.
To Edmun Coronacion, for the love, support and encouragement; for his
presence in times of need, for listening when it is needed, for sharing silence when
theyre not.
Above all, to ALMIGHTY GOD, the greatest among the great, the everlasting
source of love, wisdom, courage and strength, the giver of life, the provider, for giving
her strength, grace and blessing to finish this research work..

MARY GENIELLE D. REGALADO

x
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Title Page

....................................................................................................................... i

Bibliographical sketch ...................................................................................................... ii

Approval Sheet ................................................................................................................. iv
Dedication ....................................................................................................................... v
Acknowledgement ............................................................................................................ vi
Table of Contents .............................................................................................................. x
List of Tables ................................................................................................................... xii
List of Appendices .......................................................................................................... xiii
List of Figures .................................................................................................................. xv
Abstract

................................................................................................................... xvii

Chapter I Introduction
Background of the Study ............................................................................. 1
Objectives of the Study ................................................................................ 3
Significance of the Study.............................................................................. 3
Scope and Limitation ................................................................................... 4
Definition of Terms ...................................................................................... 4
Chapter II Review of Literature and Studies
Conceptual Framework ............................................................................. 20
Chapter III Methodology
Research Locale .......................................................................................... 22

xi
Experimental Layout and Treatment Used ............................................... 22
Cultural Practices ........................................................................................ 23
Data Gathered .............................................................................................. 26
Data Analysis ................................................................................................ 28
Chapter IV Results and Discussion
Chapter V Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation
Summary ...................................................................................................... .45
Conclusions ................................................................................................... 46
Recommendations ....................................................................................... 46
Reference Cited .............................................................................................................. 48
Appendices ...................................................................................................................... 52
Figures ........................................................................................................................... 57
Circulation Copy ............................................................................................................ 72

xii
LIST OF TABLES

Table

Page
1. Mean final height (cm)of arrowroot plants from
traditional farmers practice and science and
technology technology based farming........................................................ 29
2. Mean final number of shoots arrowroot plants
from traditional farmers practice and science
and technology technology based farming ................................................ 30
3. Mean number of rhizomes and number of
marketable rhizomes of arrowroot plants
from traditional farmers practice and science
and technology technology based farming ................................................ 32
4. Mean weight (kg)of rhizomes and marketable
rhizomes of arrowroot plant from traditional
farmers practice and science and technology
technology based farming .......................................................................... 34
5. Rhizome Yield (kg) per sqm & tons/ha of
arrowroot plant from traditional farmers
practice and science and technology
technology based farming .......................................................................... 36
6. Starch Yield (kg) per sqm & tons/ha of
arrowroot plant from traditional farmers
practice and science and technology
technology based farming .......................................................................... 39
7. Cost and Return Analysis ........................................................................... 41
8. Number of days to flowerting ..................................................................... 42
9. Number of days to maturity ....................................................................... 44

xiii
LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix Table

Page

1. Final height (cm)of arrowroot plants from

traditional farmers practice and science and
technology technology based farming ......................................................... 29
2. Final number of shoots arrowroot plants
from traditional farmers practice and science
and technology technology based farming .................................................. 30
3a. Number of rhizomes of arrowroot plants
from traditional farmers practice and science
and technology technology based farming .................................................. 32
3b. Number of Marketable rhizomes of arrowroot
plants from traditional farmers practice and
science and technology technology based farming ..................................... 32
4a. Weight (kg)of rhizomes of arrowroot plant
from traditional farmers practice and
science and technology based farming ....................................................... 34
4b. Weight (kg)of marketable rhizomes of
arrowroot plant from traditional farmers
practice and science and technology based farming ............................... 34
5a. Small rhizome yield per kg/m2 from
traditional farmers practice and
science and technology based farming ..................................................... 36
5b. Small rhizome yield per tons/ha from
traditional farmers practice and
science and technology based farming ..................................................... 36

xiv
5c. Meduim rhizome yield per kg/m2 from
traditional farmers practice and
science and technology based farming ..................................................... 36
5d. Meduim rhizome yield per tons/ha from
traditional farmers practice and
science and technology based farming .................................................... 36
5e. Large rhizome yield per kg/m2 from
traditional farmers practice and
science and technology based farming ..................................................... 36
5f. Large rhizome yield per tons/ha from
traditional farmers practice and
science and technology based farming ..................................................... 36
6a. Starch yield per kg/m2 from traditional farmers
practice and science and technology based farming ............................... 36
6b. Starch yield per tons/ha from traditional farmers
practice and science and technology based farming ............................... 36
7a. Numbers of days to first flowering ............................................................ 36
7b. Numbers of days to second flowering ........................................................ 36
7c. Numbers of days to third flowering ........................................................... 36
8a. Numbers of days to maturity ...................................................................... 36

xv
LIST OF FIGURES

Figure

Page
1. Conceptual Framework ............................................................................. 20
2. Experimental Layout ................................................................................. 58
3. Planting Materials ...................................................................................... 59
4. Planting........................................................................................................ 59
5. Weed Managemet ....................................................................................... 60
6. Lodging and Drying of Leaves; Onset of Maturity ................................. 60
7. Cutting of the Vegetative Part Before Harvesting .................................. 61
8. Digging up the arrowroot During harvesting .......................................... 61
9. Curing by Air .............................................................................................. 62
10. Peeling of Rhizomes.................................................................................. 62
11. Cutting into Smaller Pieces for Easy Grounding .................................. 63
12. Washing the cut Rhizomes....................................................................... 63
13. Grounding the Cut Rhizomes .................................................................. 64
14. Grounded Rhizomes ................................................................................. 64
15 Extraction of Starch .................................................................................. 65
16. Settled starch............................................................................................. 65
17. Collecting of the Settled Starch ............................................................... 66
18. Draining of Excess Water Using Cheese Cloth ..................................... 66
19. Draining ..................................................................................................... 67

xvi
20. Drying of Starch ....................................................................................... 67
21. Fining of Starch ........................................................................................ 68
22. Starch Recovered ...................................................................................... 68
23. Vermicompost Chemical Analysis .......................................................... 69
24. STBF Area Soil Analysis .......................................................................... 70
25. Traditional Farmers Practice Soil Analysis ......................................... 71

xvii
Abstract
Title:

GROWTH AND YIELD PERFORMANCE OF ARROWROOT

(Maranta arundinacea L.) GROWN ON TWO CULTURAL
PRACTICES IN CATANAUAN, QUEZON

Author:

Castillo, Ramonchito F.
Regalado, Mary Genielle D.

Research Adviser: Prof. Moses T. Macalinao

This study was conducted to evaluate the growth and yield performance of arrowroot
grown in two cultural practices in Catanauan, Quezon. Treatments used were: Traditional
Farmers Practices and Science and Technology Based Farming Practices. Results of the
study showed that arrowroot grown using STBF practices has better growth performance
in terms of mean final height of 136.06 cm, mean number of shoots of 46.30 and mean
total weight of rhizomes of 12.73 kg/m2 and 127.34 tons/ha , and mean starch yield of
1.43 kg/m2 and 14.34 tons/ha than the farmers practices with the means of 89.55 cm,
36.74, 2.66 kg/m2 and 67.78 tons/ha, 0.73kg/m2 and 7.34 tons/ha in that order. Higher
return on investment of 164% on rhizome production and 149 % on starch production
was obtained from STBF.
Keywords: Arrowroot, Science and Technology Based Farming, Stump