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02 - Testing & Drilling Intro

The document provides an introduction to well testing and drilling operations. It discusses the purposes of well testing such as determining reservoir properties and production capabilities. It also outlines the different stages of a well's life from seismic work to drilling, logging, testing and production.

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Heris Sitompul
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
134 views39 pages

02 - Testing & Drilling Intro

The document provides an introduction to well testing and drilling operations. It discusses the purposes of well testing such as determining reservoir properties and production capabilities. It also outlines the different stages of a well's life from seismic work to drilling, logging, testing and production.

Uploaded by

Heris Sitompul
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TESTING & Drilling Introduction

TESTING & DRILLING INTRODUCTION

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


Client questions: What is the size of my reservoir? How much will it produce? What fluids are going to be produce?

Aim of Well Testing:

Identification of produced fluids. Determination of reservoir deliverability. Data used to predict reservoir size

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


Well Testing Well Testing determines Production capabilities determines Reservoir properties

Well testing is the only technique that examines a significant portion of the reservoir under dynamic conditions. Accurate, long-term projections about a reservoir cannot be made based on wireline and others static techniques.. Tests on oil or gas wells are performed at various stages of drilling (after open hole logging), completion and production, and for different purposes.

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


Data acquired when a reservoir is tested: Flow rates ; oil, gas, water & solids Pressure and Temperature , surface & bottom hole PVT samples of representative reservoir fluids , surface and bottom hole

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


Fixed rigs
Jack up Land rig

Drilling Operations

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


Floating rigs
Semi-Submersible Drillship

Drilling Operations

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


Water Depth vs. Rig Types

Drilling Operations

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


3 categories of well:

Vertical Deviated Horizontal Drilling Operations

TESTING & Drilling Introduction

Drilling Operations

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


Land Rig

Drilling Operations

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


Rig Hoisting System

Drilling Operations

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


Rig Floor
dog house drive mouse hole rat hole Drillers console V-door ramp draw works

Drilling Operations

TESTING & Drilling Introduction

Rotary System

Drilling Operations

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


In the Rotary Table Bushings

Slips

Drilling Operations

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


Rotating System
Kelly & Rotary Table drill 1 joint at a time. Power swivel drills in stands (3 x 30/2 x 45) Downhole motor does not require string rotation.

Drilling Operations

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


BOP stack Location
All Fixed Rigs Just Bellow Rig Floor All Floating Rigs

Ground level

Sea level

Sea bed

Sea Bed

Drilling Operations

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


Blow Out Preventers Main Components Wellhead Connector Pipe Rams Shear Rams Blind Rams Annular Preventers Drilling Valve Drilling Choke Manifold
Drilling Operations

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


BOP stack

Drilling Operations

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


BOP stack / Pipe Rams Fit a specific pipe size Need pipe to make a seal

Drilling Operations

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


BOP stack / Shear Rams Both shears drill pipe and seals the hole Capacity to cut through 6-5/8 drill pipe Emergency equipment

Drilling Operations

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


BOP stack HYDRILL : Annular Preventer Close/seal on any object in the wellbore

Drilling Operations

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


Why do we need a BOP stack ?

Drilling Operations

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


Tubulars

Drilling Operations

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


Rig Circulating System

Drilling Operations

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


Drilling Fluids The drilling fluid is an essential part of the drilling and well control system. It can be either water or oil based Mud is used to: - Cool the bit - Remove cuttings - Lubricate the bit - Provides a pressure to overcome that of the formation - Makes a mud cake to seal permeable formation - Operate down hole motor / turbine
Drilling Operations

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


Mud weights The mud density is kept at a level to overcome expected reservoir pressures and keep the well at a positive overpressure. It should be not too heavy or it will crack the formation, resulting in lost circulation

Drilling Operations

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


Casing Casings start large and gradually become smaller Casing sizes are always given as Outside Diameter The Inner Diameter depends on the weight

Drilling Operations

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


Casing

Liner 5-1/2

Drilling Operations

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


Cementing Cementing is used to fix the casing in place and provide mechanical strength to the system. The most essential use of cementing is to seal one zone from another. If the cement is found poor, a squeeze has to be made to repair the deficit.

Drilling Operations

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


Logging Logging is a process of obtaining informations about the formation after the well has been drilled. A sensor is lowered into the well on the end of an electrical cable. This provides power and transmits the data to the surface where it is presented in the form of a graph against depth. - resistivity (high) logs show where the hydrocarbon may be - porosity logs show porous zones - sonic and density logs give information about the rock types

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


Testing and Logging Few logs are useful in Testing operations: Gamma ray shows shale & clean zones, gives net & gross pay Cement bond logs shows how good the cement is Corrosion logs shows possible problems inside & outside casing Production logs shows flow in the well CCL shows the casing collars

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


Life of a well

SEISMIC DRILLING / GEOLOGY LOGGING DST / TESTING PRODUCTION / TESTING

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


Life of a well Surface Seismic consists of making a noise and listening for the returning reflected signals

Drilling Operations

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


Life of a well

A surface seismic with the interpreted model above


Drilling Equipment

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


Life of a well In addition to seismic there are: Geology -The geologist goes to identify potential cap and reservoir rocks Geochemistry -The geochemistry tries to identify the source rock and also the possible migration path to the reservoir rock

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


Life of a well Drilling The objective of a well is to reach a reservoir zone safely and efficiently and then produce the fluids

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


Life of a well

Drilled

Cased

Perforated

Produced

Workover Recompleted

TESTING & Drilling Introduction


To look at the special animations:

Wellinst.exe (drilling a well)

TESTING & Drilling Introduction

The END

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