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Modelling of A Process Tank: Dublin Institute of Technology Bolton Street

This document summarizes a student's lab work modeling a process tank. The student developed a transfer function for the tank using both theoretical modeling and step input modeling. For theoretical modeling, the student derived a transfer function from an energy equation. For step input modeling, the student heated the tank and recorded the temperature over time, plotting the results and calculating the transfer function. The student then repeated the process using a proportional controller and derived the closed loop transfer function, plotting the theoretical variation against experimental data.

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Shiyas Basheer
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40 views7 pages

Modelling of A Process Tank: Dublin Institute of Technology Bolton Street

This document summarizes a student's lab work modeling a process tank. The student developed a transfer function for the tank using both theoretical modeling and step input modeling. For theoretical modeling, the student derived a transfer function from an energy equation. For step input modeling, the student heated the tank and recorded the temperature over time, plotting the results and calculating the transfer function. The student then repeated the process using a proportional controller and derived the closed loop transfer function, plotting the theoretical variation against experimental data.

Uploaded by

Shiyas Basheer
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Dublin Institute of Technology

Bolton Street



Modelling of a Process Tank


Student Name: Shiyas Basheer
Student Number: D10119909
Date: 30/09/2013
Class: DT 022/4
Module: Control Engineering

1 | P a g e

Modelling of a Process Tank
Lab 1
A transfer function for a process tank was to be developed using the following two methods:
Theoretical modelling
Step input modelling
Theoretical Modelling
Using the following energy equation, that relates the input power (kW) to an output temperature
change (
0
C), transfer function was derived:


Where,




Differentiating with respect to time gives:


Converting to Laplace form gives the transfer function:
()

()
()
()


2 | P a g e

This can be simplified to:


As,


Therefore,


Where,




Step input Modelling
This experiment involved heating a process tank and recording the temperature at regular
intervals. For this first, the process tank was filled ensuring the temperature was below 30
0
C. A
desired temperature of 60
0
C and experiment time of 180sec was selected from the manual
control option in the temperature control menu. Applying a power step input to the process
started the process. Using the results obtained, a graph was plotted and the transfer function was
calculated and compared with the above result as follows:
Below shows the temperature variation as a function of time:

3 | P a g e


Using the previously derived equation,


Now,


Where,
()


Thus,


y = 0.1627x + 29.973
25
35
45
55
65
75
85
25 75 125 175 225
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e

(
0
C
)

Time (s)
Temperature Vs Time
Temp Set Point
Temp Measured
Value
Temp Output
4 | P a g e

It can be seen that the experimental value for k was very close to the theoretical value and that
the 7.2% error could be due to the lack of machine calibration or due to tolerances in
components.
Lab 2
In this experiment, the above process was repeated with the difference that a proportional
controller of gain K was used to control the process. The system is as below. It can be seen that a
correction factor of 0.022 was applied to the system to account for oversimplification to the
model.

Using the open loop transfer function from lab 1,

()

()

()
()()

()

()

()

()

()

()
Representing the initial temperature of 20
0
C in Laplace form

()

)
Using the residue method to get T(t)
()


5 | P a g e

() [(

[(


()


() (

)
Where,


The above equation shows that the temperature of water will approach temperature of 20
0
C as t
goes to infinity but will never reach it. The following plot shows the experimental variation of
temperature with time.

Comparison
Plotting the above transfer function into the experimental data, following comparison was
achieved.
6 | P a g e



It can be seen that the experimental data was fairly close to the theoretical data with only a
marginal error which might be due to the error in the apparatus or machine calibration.




0
5
10
15
20
25
0 50 100 150 200 250
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e

(
0
C
)

Time (s)
Temperature Vs Time
Temp
Measured
Value
Temp
Theoritical
Value

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