ELEE 3110U Midterm Exam II

Instructor: Prof. Min Dong

5:10PM-7:10PM, November 13, 2014
This is a closed-book exam. You are allowed to take one single-sided official
formula sheet.
There are 5 problems, total 100 points.
Show your work and write neatly. Indicate your steps and final answer
clearly and provide mathematical justifications. Properly indicate the
formula you are using for calculation. Points may be subtracted for disorderly
presentation of your solution.
A good strategy is to solve problems with more points first. The points of a
problem do not reflect the level of difficulty; a problem of 5 points may be
more difficult than one with 20 points.
You may use without proof any result from either the lectures or problem sets.

Student Name
Student ID
Problem 1 (20 pts)
Problem 2 (20 pts)
Problem 3 (25 pts)
Problem 4 (20 pts)
Problem 5 (15 pts)
Total (100 pts)

/ ELEE3110U Midterm Exam II. 2014. /

2
1. Discrete-Time Fourier Series (20 points)
Consider the discrete-time signal with fundamental period of 4.
 n 
 n 
x[n] = 1 + sin
; y[n] = cos
;
+
2
2
2
FS

(a) (10 points) Let z[n] = x[n]y[n], and its Fourier series z[n] ak . Determine the Fourier series
coefficients ak . (Note: you need to obtain the value of each ak .)
FS

(b) (10 points) Let g[n] = z[n] z[n 2]. Its Fourier series is g[n] bk . Determine the Fourier series
coefficient bk .
Solution
Part (a)

1
1 jn j
e 2 e 2 ej 2 n ej 2
2j
2j

1 jn
= 1 + e 2 + ej 2 n
2

x[n] = 1 +

FS

Let x[n] bk , then b0 = 1, b1 = 12 , b1 = 12 , b2 = 0 (since N = 4, bk is periodic with period 4.

Thus, bk+N = bk , N = 4.)
y[n] =
FS

Let y[n] ck , then c0 = 0, c1 =

ck , N = 4.

1
2,

1 jn
(e 2 + ej 2 n )
2

c1 = 12 , c2 = 0. Again, {c1 , c0 , c1 , c2 } repeat: ck+N =

By multiplication property,
ak =

bl ckl =

l=<N >

2
X

bl ckl = b1 ck+1 + b0 ck + b1 ck1 + b2 ck2

l=1

a0 = b1 c1 + b0 c0 + b1 c1 + b2 c2 (NOTE : c2 = c2+4 = c2 )
1 1
1 1
1
= +10+ +00 =
2 2
2 2
2
1 1
1
1
1
a1 = b1 c2 + b0 c1 + b1 c0 + b2 c1 = 0 + 1 + 0 + 0 =
2
2 2
2
2
a2 = b1 c3 + b0 c2 + b1 c1 + b2 c0 (NOTE : c3 = c1+4 = c1 )
1 1
1
1 1
= +10+ +00 =
2 2
2 2
2
a3 = b1 c4 + b0 c3 + b1 c2 + b2 c1 = b1 c0 + b0 c1 + b1 c2 + b2 c1
1
1 1
1
1
= 0+1 + 0+0 =
2
2 2
2
2
a0 = 12 , a1 = 21 , a2 = 21 , a3 = 21 , ak periodic with period 4.
Part (b) By linearity, bk = ak ej

2k
N 2

ak = ak ejk ak = (1 ejk )ak

b0 = 0, b1 = 2a1 = 1, b2 = 0, b3 = 2a3 = 1, bk periodic with period 4.

3
2. Continuous-Time Fourier Transform (20 points)
F

The Fourier transform of signal x(t) is given by X() (x(t) X()), which is shown in the left below.
X()

X1 ()
2
1.5
1

0.5

0.5

(a) (5 points) X() can be expressed as the linear combination of rectangle pulse of X1 () shown in
right above. Express X() in terms of X1 ().
(b) (10 points) Use the result in (a) and Fourier transform properties to determine x(t). (use Table
4.1 Properties of the Fourier transform and Table 4.2 Basic Fourier transform pairs provided at
the end of the exam sheets)
(c) (5 points) Using Parsevals relation to determine the energy of x(t).
Solution
Part (a) There can be two ways to write X():
(i). X() = 0.5X1 ( 2.5) + 1.5X1 ( 2.5
3 )
(ii). X() = 2X1 ( 2.5) + 1.5X1 ( 1.5) + 1.5X1 ( 3.5)
F

Part (b) Let x1 (t) X1 ().

For X() written as in (i),
F

By freq. shifting property, x1 (t)ej2.5t X1 ( 2.5)

By time scaling property, x1 (3t)ej

31 X1 ( 2.5
3 ). This is done in the two steps:

2.5
3 )
2.5
F
3x1 (t)ej 3 3t X1 ( 3 2.5
3 )

(1). x1 (t)ej
(2).

2.5
3 t

2.5
3 3t

X1 (

By linearity:
x(t) = 0.5x1 (t)ej2.5t + 1.5 3x1 (3t)ej2.5t = (0.5x1 (t) + 4.5x1 (3t))ej2.5t
For X1 (), we have x1 (t) =

sin0.5t
t

and x1 (3t) =

sin1.5t
3t

(Table 4.2).

Thus,


sin1.5t j2.5t
sin0.5t
e
+ 4.5
0.5
t
3t


sin0.5t
sin1.5t j2.5t
= 0.5
e
+ 1.5
t
t

x(t) =

For (ii), x1 (t)ej1.5t X1 ( 1.5), x1 (t)ej3.5t X1 ( 3.5).

x(t) = 2x1 (t)ej2.5t + 1.5x1 (t)ej1.5t + 1.5x1 (t)ej3.5t


= 2ej2.5t + 1.5ej1.5t + 1.5ej3.5t x1 (t)



= 2ej2.5t + 1.5ej2.5t ejt + ejt x1 (t)


= 2ej2.5t + 1.5ej2.5t 2cos(t) x1 (t)

4

sin0.5t
t
2sin(0.5t)cos(t)
sin0.5t
+ 1.5ej2.5t
= 2ej2.5t
t
t
sin(1.5t)
sin(0.5t)
+ 1.5ej2.5t
= 0.5ej2.5t
t
t

x(t) = 2ej2.5t + 1.5ej2.5t 2cost

Part (c)
1
E=
2

Z 2

|X()|2 d


Z 3
Z 4
1
1.52 d +
22 d +
1.52 d
2
1
2
3
1
=
(2.25 + 4 + 2.25)
2
8.5
=
2

5
3. Linear Differential Systems (25 points)
Consider a stable and causal LTI system described by the following differential equation
d2 y(t)
dy(t)
+3
+ 2y(t) = x(t)
2
dt
dt
(a) (10 points) Let X() and Y () be the Fourier transform of the input and output, respectively.
Find the frequency response of this system H().
(b) (5 points) Find the impulse response of this system h(t). (Note: For your derivation, you can
directly use the result in Table 4.2 Basic Fourier transform pairs)
(c) (10 points) Assume the input
x(t) = 2e4t u(t)
where u(t) is the unit step function. Find the output y(t).
Solution
Part (a) Using differentiation property:
(j)2 Y () + 3jY () + 2Y () = X()
1
1
Y ()
=
=
2
X()
+ 3j + 2
(j + 2)(j + 1)
1
1

=
j + 1 j + 2

H() =

Part (b) h(t) = et u(t) e2t u(t)

Part (c)
X() =

2
4 + j

2
2

Y () = H()X() =
(1 + j)(4 + j) (2 + j)(4 + j)




1
2
1
1
1
=

1 + j 4 + j 3
2 + j 4 + j

2  t
y(t) =
e u(t) e4t u(t) e2t u(t) + e4t u(t)
3
1
2
= e2t u(t) e2t u(t) + e4t u(t)
3
3

6
4. LTI system (20 points)
Consider a periodic signal x(t) given by
x(t) =

(1)n (t nT1 ).

n=

(a) (10 points) Find the fundamental period T of x(t), in terms of T1 . Obtain the Fourier transform
X() of x(t).
(b) (10 points) Consider an LTI system whose impulse response h(t) has the frequency response H()
given by
(
1 || Wo
H() =
0 || > Wo
Let x(t) in (a) be the input to this system, where T1 = 2/Wo . The output is y(t), and its Fourier
transform is Y (). Determine Y (), and then find y(t). (Hint: use the convolution property)
Solution
Part (a) T = 2T1 ,

0 =

2
2T1

T1

Fourier series coefficient for x(t) is ak

1
ak =
T
=

1
2T1

x(t)ejk0 t dt

1.5

(1)n (t nT1 )ejk0 t dt

0.5
Z 1.5

1
[(t) (t T1 )]ejk0 t dt
2T1 0.5





2
1
1 
1
1 ej 2T1 T1 k =
ej0 ejk0 T1 =
1 ejk
=
2T1
2T1
2T1
1
(1 cos(k))
=
2T1

X
X() =
2ak ( k0 )
=

k=




(1 cos(k)) k
T1
T1
k=



=
(1 cos((2k + 1))) (2k + 1)
T1
T1
k=



X
2

=
(2k + 1)
T1
T1

k=

NOTE: When k is even, 1 cos(k) = 1 1 = 0, thus X() is zero;

when k is odd, 1 cos(k) = 1 (1) = 2, thus X() has non-zero values. Use 2k + 1 to represent
odd number

7
Part (b)
Y () = H()X()



X
Wo
Wo
(1 cos((2k + 1))) (2k + 1)
X() =

2
2
k=



X
Wo
Wo
=
2 (2k + 1)
2
2
k=



 
Wo
Wo
+ +
Y () = Wo
2
2
1 F
()
2

 Wo
Wo
1
y(t) =
Wo ej 2 t + ej 2 t
2 

Wo
Wo
=
2cos
t
2
2
Wo
Wo
=
cos
t

8
5. Discrete-Time Fourier Transform (15 points)
(a) (8 points) Compute the Fourier transform of the discrete time signal x1 [n] = ( 13 )|n| u[n + 2].
(
2j
0<
(b) (7 points) For discrete time signal x2 [n], its Fourier transform is given by X2 () =
.
2j < 0
Determine x2 [n].
Solution
Part (a)
X1 () =

x1 [n]ejn

 |n|
X
1
ejn
=
3
n=2
 n
1  n
X
X
1
1
jn
e
+
ejn
=
3
3
n=0
n=2
 

n
 X

1 j 1 j
1 j
=
e
e +1 +
e
3
3
3
n=0


 
1
1 j 1 j
e
e +1 +
=
1
3
3
1 3 ej

Part (b)
x[n] =
=
=
=
=

1
2

X()ejn d
2

Z 0

Z
1
jn
jn
2je d +
2je d
2

0
j 1 jn
j 1 jn 0
e | +
e |0
jn
jn
1 jn
1 jn
(e
1) +
(e
1)
n
n
1
(2cos(n) 2)
n