1.
Body mechanics is the use of correct muscles to complete a task safely
and efficiently, without undue strain on any __muscle____________or
_____joint____________
2. Good body mechanics requires that you keep your back
_______straight_______and bend at the __knee________ and _hips_______
3. When lifting, keep your feet __apart_______with one foot slightly ahead of
the other __flex_______ your knees to absorb jolts; turn with your
____feet_________.
4. When reaching for an object, you should stand directly in front of and
____close to__________ the object.
5. When performing physical tasks, use your __arm______ and _leg_______
muscles as much as possible and your muscles as little as possible.
6. Name four problems you can avoid by using good body mechanics.
a. ____excessive__fatigue_________________________.
b. ______patient's injury_________________________.
c. ____strain on muscles___________________________.
d. _____eskeletal injuries__________________________.
7. Changing a patient's position allows for greater _lung________ expansion
and relieves pressure on the ___diphragm________________.
8. When a patient lies in bed for long periods of time, his muscles tend to
become atonic and ___atrophy__________________.
9. When positioning a patient, obtain assistance to move a heavy or
_____helpless___________ patient.
10. Unless being turned or a particular position is contraindicated, a patient
should be rotated through which four positions?
a. __supine_____________________________.
b. _______prono________________________.
c. ___________sim's right____________________.
d. __________sim's left_____________________.
11. What should be done to prevent pressure and strain if a patient has a
spinal injury and cannot be turned?
____rub the back by lifting patient slightly off bed and massaging back with
your
hand__________________________________________________________
__
12. If you must turn a patient with a spinal injury, which method should you
use? _rogrolling________________.
13. Proper body alignment of a patient who must lie on his back for a long
period of time gives ___respiratory_________________and
_______digestive______________organs room to function normally.
14.Name the positions illustrated below:
a.__sim's______________________
b. _____supine________________.
c. __________prono___________.
d. ______________lateral_________.
e. __________fowler's___________.
15. When placing an adult patient in the supine position, place a pillow under
the head and shoulders to prevent strain on neck muscles and
_____hyperextension_________________ and
_____flexion_________________ of the neck.
16. Elevate the head of the bed __60_____ to ____90___ degrees for a
patient in the Fowler's position and __45_____ to___60____ degrees for
Semi-Fowler's.
17. For a patient in the Fowler's or semi-Fowler's position, raise the knee
gatch approximately _17___degrees, unless contraindicated.
18. You are having difficulty keeping the call light within a patient's reach;
what should you do? ____secure it to bed linen with safty
pin_______________________________________________________.
19. Name two things you can do to avoid interrupting a patient once he falls
asleep.
a. ____give patient medication______________________________.
b. __________nursing care treatments________________________.
20. Getting a patient out of bed improves his circulation, particularly in the
____lower extremities______________________.
21. Be sure to ___lock______________________ all wheelchair or litter
wheels before transferring a patient from the bed.
22. Before ambulating a patient, if necessary ___pre-
medicated,treatments__________________ for pain.
23. When managing a patient who has collapsed, assume a broad stance with
one foot slightly __forward_____________, grasp the patient's body firmly at
the __waist________ or under the ___axilla___________, and allow him to
slide down against your __leg_____.
24. When managing a patient who has lost his balance, attempt to stabilize
the patient by _bracing him__________________ against__you___. Guide
the patient to the _bedside_________ or _chair_________ if possible.
25. When preparing to ambulate a patient, you should review the patient's
medical record___________, the patient's _____nursing care
plan______________, and the ________nursing
nots______________________________ .
Check Your Answers
SOLUTIONS TO EXERCISES, LESSON 4
1. Muscle, joint.
2. Straight, knees, hips.
3. Apart, flex, feet.
4. Close to.
5. Arm, leg, back.
6. A correct answer consists of any four of the following:
Excessive fatigue.
Muscle strains or tears..
Skeletal injuries.
Injury to the patient.
Injury to assisting staff members.
7. Lung, diaphragm.
8. Atrophy.
9. Helpless.
10. Prone, supine, left Sim's, right Sim's.
11. Rub the back by lifting the patient slightly off the bed and massaging with
your hand held flat.
12. Logrolling.
13. Respiratory, digestive.
14. a. Sim's.
b. Fowler's.
c. Lateral.
d. Supine.
e. Prone.
15. Hyperextension, flexion.
16. 60, 90, 45, 60.
17. 15.
18. Secure it to the bed linen with a safety pin.
19. Schedule medications for times when the patient is being turned. Keep
nursing care treatments and procedures to a minimum during sleep hours
20. Lower extremities.
21. Lock.
22. Pre-medicate.
23. Forward, waist, axilla, leg.
24. Bracing him, you, bedside, chair.
25. Medical record, nursing care plan, Nurse's Notes.
