International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Studies (IJSRES)
Volume 1 Issue 5, November 2014
ISSN: 2349-8862
Combinatorial Interpretation Of Some Rogers-Ramanujan Type
Identities
Shaikh Fokor Uddin Ali Ahmed
Department of Mathematics,
F. A. Ahmed College, Garoimari, Kamrup,
Assam (India)
Abstract: In this paper we give the combinatorial
interpretation of some analytical Rogers-Ramanujan type
identities with the incorporation of a few results of Gordon
and Andrews.
=
The
multiple
=
.
q-shifted
factorial
is
And
Keywords: Partitions, Combinatorial Interpretation,
Rogers-Ramanujan type identities.
=
.
I.
INTRODUCTION
DEFINITION
THE ROGERS-RAMANUJAN IDENTITY
The following two identities, namely for
, where n
, where n
A partition of a positive integer n is a finite nonincreasing sequence of positive integers
such
that
0, 2 (mod 5) (1)
0, 1 (mod 5)
are called the parts of the
partition. If
) is a partition of a positive
integer n, then we write
(2)
are the celebrated Rogers-Ramanujan Identity. These two
identities, which have motivated extensive research over the
past hundred years, were first discovered by L. J. Rogers in
1894 and these were again rediscovered independently by S.
Ramanujan and I. Schur.
The Rogers-Ramanujan Identity has a long and interesting
history. There are two aspects of these identities: one
analytical and the other combinatorial. Our purpose in this
paper is to give the combinatorial interpretation of some
analytical identities of Rogers-Ramanujan type.
We begin by introducing some definitions, notations and then
recalling some results:
The
exactly
that
of
the
are
equal
to
i.
We
notice
.
The function p (n) denotes the number of partitions of n.
III.
FIRST WE REQUIRE THE FOLLOWING RESULTS
THEOREM (1): (BASIL GORDON)
Let 1 a k be integers and
of partitions of n of the form n=
denote the number
where
and 1 appears as a
II.
For
DEFINITIONS AND NOTATIONS
, the q-shifted factorial is denoted by
=1,
=
=
It follows that
) and
summand at most (a-1) times. Let
denote the
number of partitions of n into parts not congruent to 0, a mod
(2k+1). Then
=
, nN.
THEOREM (2): (BASIL GORDON)
).
www.ijsres.com
Page 1
International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Studies (IJSRES)
Volume 1 Issue 5, November 2014
ISSN: 2349-8862
Let
parts
denote the number of partitions of n into
0, di mod (2dk+d). Let
1+
=
denote the
number of partitions of n wherein
d appears as a part at most i-1 times,
the total number of appearances of dj and dj+d (i.e. any
two consecutive multiples of d) together is at most k-1,
and
nonmultiples of d may appear as parts without restriction.
Then for 1 i k,
=
, nN.
=
=1+
B. INTERPRETATION OF THE IDENTITY (5.1): ([5] P479, MODULO 30)
THEOREM (3): (ANDREWS)
The analytical identity is
Let
denote the number of partitions of n of the
form n=
where
divisible by
, only parts
may be repeated,
(with strict inequality if (
On using theorem (2) for d=6, i=2, k=2 we have
and the total number of
appearances of summands in the set {1, 2,
most a-1. If
is even, let
} is at
denote the number of
partition of n into parts such that no part
0 (mod
may be repeated, and no part is congruent to
,
If
).
is odd, let
denote the number of partitions of n
into parts such that no part
repeated,
no
part
0 (mod (
is
congruent
denote the number of partitions of n into parts
0, 12 (mod 30).
Also
denote the number of partitions of n into
parts wherein 6 appears as a part at most one times, the total
number of appearances of any two consecutive multiples of 6
together is at most one, and the non-multiples of 6 may appear
as parts without restrictions. Then
, nN.
And hence, for
may be
to
0,
, we have
1+
=
Then
provided
k a
we
have
, nN.
IV.
and
=1+
A. INTERPRETATION OF THE IDENTITY (A.1): ([2]
P-23, MODULO 6)
C. INTERPRETATION OF THE IDENTITY (A.8): ([2] P-24,
MODULO 21)
The analytical identity is
The analytical identity is
We use theorem (2). Let d=2, i=1, k=1 then
the number of partitions of n into parts
Also
denote
0, 2 (mod 6).
denote the number of partitions of n into parts
By using the theorem (1) for a=3, k=10, we have
1+
wherein the parts are only non-multiples of 2. Then
, nN.
And we have for
,
www.ijsres.com
Page 2
International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Studies (IJSRES)
Volume 1 Issue 5, November 2014
ISSN: 2349-8862
=
= 1+
Here
theorem (3)
i,e
=1+
Where
into parts
denotes the number of partitions of n
0, 3 (mod 21).
And
denotes the number of partitions of n of
the form n=
and
where
and 1 appears as a summand at most 2 times.
are determined by
= The number of partitions of n into parts
0,
(mod 33) such that 3 and multiples of 3 may be
repeated.
= the number of partitions of n of the form n=
where
3 may be repeated,
, only parts divisible by
(with strict inequality if
and the parts 1, 2, 3 appearing at most once. Then
n N.
D. INTERPRETATION OF THE IDENTITY (A.9): ([2] P-24,
MODULO 21)
F. INTERPRETATION OF THE IDENTITY (A.17): ([2] P25, MODULO 33)
The analytical identity is
1+
The analytical identity is
By using the theorem (1) for a=6, k=10, we have
1+
Using the theorem (3) for =2, k=6, a=3, we have
1+
=
=1+
Where
into parts
= 1+
denotes the number of partitions of n
0, 6 (mod 21).
And
Here
denotes the number of partitions of n of
the form n=
where
and 1 appear as a summand at most 5 times.
theorem (3)
i,e
and
= The number of partitions of n into parts
0,
(mod 33) such that 3 and multiples of 3 may be
repeated.
= the number of partitions of n of the form n=
E. INTERPRETATION OF THE IDENTITY (3.50): ([7] P255, MODULO 33)
where
3 may be repeated,
The analytical identity is Using the theorem (3) for
k=6, a=2, we have
1+
=2,
are determined by
, only parts divisible by
(with strict inequality if
and the parts 1, 2, 3 appearing at most twice. Then
n N.
=
V.
CONCLUSION
The combinatorial interpretation of most of the RogersRamanujan Type Identities is possible. But the technique of
www.ijsres.com
Page 3
International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Studies (IJSRES)
Volume 1 Issue 5, November 2014
ISSN: 2349-8862
this paper cannot be used for the identities of RogersRamanujan Type when the modulus arising in the infinite
product of the form 4k+2, k 1. In such case we have to take
the concept of partitions with n- copies of n which is beyond
the scope of this present paper.
REFERENCES
[1] Andrew V. Sills, Finite Rogers-Ramanujan Type
Identities. Electronic J. Combin., 10(1) (2003), # R13 pp.
1-122.
[2] Andrew V. Sills, On Identities of the Rogers-Ramanujan
Type. Ramanujan journal, 1-28 (2004).
[3] L. J. Slater, Further identities of Rogers-Ramanujan
Type. Proc. London Math Soc. (2) 54 (1952). 147-167.
www.ijsres.com
[4] G.E. Andrews, An Analytic generalization of the RogersRamanujan Identities for odd moduli. Proc. Nat. Acad.
Sci. USA, 71 (1974), 4082- 4085.
[5] Rajkhowa P. and Ahmed S. F., More Identities of RogersRamanujan Type Ultra Science Vol .20 (2) M, 473-480
(2008).
[6] W. N. Bailey, Some Identities in combinatory Identities,
Proc. London Math Soc (2) 49 (1947), 421-435.
[7] A. Verma and V. K. Jain, J. Math. Analysis and
Applications, 76, 230-269 (1980).
[8] G.E. Andrews, Encyclopedia of Mathematics and its
application,(Ed: Gian- Carlo Rota (ed.)2, The Theory of
partitions, Addison Wesley co., Newyork 1976.
Page 4
