Data mining as a process that involves searching, collecting, filtering and analyzing the data.

Large amount of data can be retrieved from various websites and databases. It can be retrieved
in form of data relationships, co-relations and patterns. With the advent of computers, internet
and large databases it is possible collect large amounts of data. The data collected may be
analyzed steadily and help identify relationships and find solutions to the existing problems.
Governments, private companies, large organizations and all businesses are after large volume
of data collection for the purposes of business and research development. The data collected
can be stored for future use. Storage of information is quite important whenever it is required. It
is important to note that it may take long time for finding and searching for information from
websites, databases and other internet sources.
Data Mining services can be used for Research and surveys, Information collection,

Customer opinions, Data scanning, Extraction of information, Pre-processing of data,

Web data, Competitor analysis, Online research, News, Updating data.

data mining is not specific to one type of media or data. Data mining should be applicable to

relational database data , data warehouse data, and transaction

data,
time-related or sequence data (e.g., historical records, stock
exchange data, and time-series and biological sequence
data),data streams (e.g., video surveillance and sensor data,
which are continuously transmitted),
spatial data (e.g., maps), engineering design data (e.g., the
design of buildings, system components, or integrated circuits),
hypertext and multimedia data (including text, image, video, and
audio data),
graph and networked data (e.g., social and information networks),
and the Web (a huge, widely distributed information repository
made available by the Internet).

Text Mining is to process unstructured (textual) information, extract meaningful numeric indices.

Web mining

is a technique used to crawl through various web resources to collect required

information.

Multimedia data mining is the process of finding interesting patterns from media
data such as text,image, audio and video.
Multimedia data mining requires the collection of huge amounts of data. The sample size is
important when analyzing data because predicted trends and patterns are more likely to be
inaccurate with a smaller sample. This data can be collected from a number of different media,
including videos, sound files, and images. Some experts also consider spatial data and text to be
multimedia. Information from one or more of these media is the focus of data collection.

When multimedia is mined for information, one of the most common uses for this information is to
anticipate behavior patterns or trends. Information can be divided into classes as well, which allows
different groups, such as men and women or Sundays and Mondays, to be analyzed separately.
Data can be clustered, or grouped by logical relationship, which can help track consumer affinity for
a certain brand over another, for example.
Multimedia data mining has a number of uses in todays society. An example of this would be the use
of traffic camera footage to analyze traffic flow. This information can be used when planning new
streets, expanding existing streets, or diverting traffic. Government organizations and city planners
can use the information to help traffic flow more smoothly and quickly.

In order to handle the volume, velocity and variety of multimedia data in practice.
Multimedia mining helps to provide high level semantic and structural information to expose key
information within a large-scale multimedia database. However the development of such technologies, is
often severely limited due to semantic gap in multimedia content analysis.
To overcome this, further research has to be done in following areas
Large scale issues(advances and benchmarking)
Content mining, search and retrieval
Deep understanding vs. Multimedia filtering
Profiling and recommendation
Content vs. context

Multimedia Mining
Mining Multimedia database systems store and manage large
quantities of multimedia data sets such as audio, video, images,
graphics, sounds, text, documents and hypertext data. It does not
have a uniform structure and a unified approach. Multimedia data
is usually multi-dimensional and unstructured or semi-structured,
with each medium having its own characteristics, its own way of
presentation of information . Apart from this information
independently, each medium can also express a different
characteristic of the same event, so that the media taken
together describe the existence, development and result of an
event in its entirety. So, there have to be features of information,
attributes and the relationships in multimedia data sets that are
not within our intuitive grasp.It also involves intelligent data
analysis, aimed at finding these features, attributes and
relationships in order to construct models for making decisions,
taking countermeasures and achieving fusion analysis.

Based on the data stored in them, multimedia databases are

used in content-based image retrieval, sound delivery system,
video on demand system, World Wide Web and identifying the
password command voice based user interface, etc. Multimedia
Mining focuses on the following five fronts: Image Mining, Video
Mining, Audio Mining, Web Mining and Multi-Media Integrated
Mining.

Image mining involves the introduction of data mining technology

into the image field of study, to discover the information and
knowledge hidden in a large quantity of image data. It is the
process of identifying hidden, valid, novel, potentially useful, and
ultimately understandable semantics of information and
knowledge from extensive image data.
Fig. 1
Multimedia Data Mining The typical data mining process consists
of several stages and the overall process is inherently interactive
and iterative. The main stages of the data mining process are

(1) Domain understanding; (2) Data selection; (3) Data

preprocessing, cleaning and transformation; (4) Discovering
patterns; (5) Interpretation; and (6) Reporting and using
discovered knowledge .

Image mining
Image mining is a very important technique which is used to mine
knowledge easily from image. It is simply an expansion of data
mining in the field of image processing. It handles with the hidden
knowledge extraction, image data association and additional
patterns which are not clearly accumulated in the images. The
most important function of the mining is to generate all significant
patterns without prior information of the patterns. Image mining is
a technique which handles the mining of information, image data
association, or additional patterns not unambiguously stored in
the images. Image mining is an interdisciplinary field that
integrates techniques like computer vision, image processing,
image retrieval, data mining, machine learning, database, and
artificial intelligence. Rule mining has been adopting to huge
image data bases. Mining has been done in accordance with the
integrated collections of images and its related data. Rule mining
technique is exploited to determine relations between structures
and functions of human brain. There are two most significant
techniques. The first technique is to mine from huge amount of
images alone and the second technique is to mine from the
integrated collections of images and related alphanumeric data.
Image mining can be classified into two kinds. The image
processing is one in which, it involves a domain specific
application where the focus is in the process of extracting the
most relevant image features into a suitable form and the image
mining is one in which, it involves general application where the

focus is on the process of generating image patterns that may be

helpful in the understanding of the interaction between high-level
human perception of images and low-level features. So, the latter
may be the best one to lead the improvement in the accuracy of
images retrieved from image databases. The main intention of
image mining is to produce all considerable patterns without any
information of the image content, the patterns types are different.
They could 3 be classification patterns, description patterns,
correlation patterns, temporal patterns and spatial patterns.
Image mining handles with all features of huge image databases
which comprises of indexing methods, image storages, and image
retrieval, all regarding in an image mining system. The
establishment of an image mining system is frequently an
intricate process because it implies joining diverse techniques
ranging from image retrieval and indexing schemes up to data
mining and pattern recognition. Further, it is anticipated that a
good quality image mining system provides users with a useful
access into the image storage area at the same time it recognizes
data patterns and generates knowledge beneath image
representation. Such system basically be supposed to bring
together the following functions: image storage, image
processing, feature extraction, image indexing and retrieval and,
pattern and knowledge discovery.

Over the past ten years or so, significant progress has been made
in making computers learn to understand, index, and annotate
pictures representing a wide range of concepts. Image mining
deals with the extraction of implicit knowledge, that is, image
data relationship or other patterns not explicitly stored in the
images. Image mining is more than just an extension of data
mining to the image domain. The cardinal role of image mining is
to discover the means of an effective processing of low-level pixel

representations, contained in a raw image or image sequence, to

arrive at high-level spatial objects and relationships . The focus of
image mining is on the extraction of patterns from a large
collection of images. While there seems to be some overlap
between image mining and content-based retrieval (since both
deal with large collections of images), image mining goes beyond
the problem of retrieving relevant images. In image mining, the
goal is to discover image patterns that are significant in a given
collection of images and the related alphanumeric data. The
fundamental challenge in image mining is to reveal out how lowlevel pixel representation enclosed in a raw image or image
sequence can be processed to recognize high-level image objects
and relationships .
Fig. 2 illustrates the typical Image Mining Process .

Video Mining
A wide range of possible applications that require data mining of
video databases includes: news broadcasting, military, video,
education and training, cultural heritage, advertising, web
searching, crime prevention, geographical information system
(GIS) etc. these applications has vast collection of images in the
corresponding video databases and can be mined to discover new
and valuable knowledge. Data mining of video databases aims to
automate such a knowledge discovery process. To help user finds
and retrieves relevant video effectively and to facilitate new and
better ways of entertainment, advanced technologies must be
developed for searching and mining the vast amount of videos
now available on the web. Although valuable information may be

hiding behind the data. The problem of video data mining

combines the area of content-based retrieval, image
understanding, data mining, video representation and databases
[4] [5] [6]. Many applications maintain temporal and spatial
features in their databases; these features cannot be treated as
any other attributes and need spatial attention. To be more
particular instead of simply asking ourselves what knowledge, it
plays an important role and these can be trivially handled instead
of simply asking ourselves what knowledge, it plays an
important role and these can be trivially handled by spatial and
temporal role and these can be trivially handled by spatial and
temporal data mining techniques [7]. Finally data mining of video
databases is essentially a task of learning from video data can, in
principle, being applied for data mining purposes. In general data
mining algorithms aim at minimizing I/O operations of disk
resident data, whereas conventional algorithms are more
concerned about time and space complexities, accuracy and
convergence. Simply stated, the objective of video data mining is
the organizing of video data for knowledge exploring or mining.
Where the knowledge can be explained as special patterns (e.g.,
events, clusters, classification, etc.), which may be unknown
before the processing. Many successful data mining techniques
have been developed through academic research and industry
hence, an intuitive solution for video data mining is to use these
strategies on video data.