AERODATA INTERNATIONAL N91 Focke-Wulf (| HISTORY © TECHNICAL DATA * PHOTOGRAPHS © COLOUR VIEWS ° 1/72 SCALE PLANSAerodata International aircraft monographs are self-contained 20-page A4 size booklets containing 1/72 seale multi-view plans, colour artwork, sketches, large photographs and narrative (including’ technical data)—everything the modeller needs to know to check the accuracy of plastic kits or scratch- build his own replicas from wood or plastic. A special, additional wrap- around inside cover gives a brief outline history of the Subject aircraft in French and German plus translations of the photo captions and drawing annotations in those same two languages. This particular title is one of six devoted to famous fighters of World War 2, the complete list of this initial series being as follows: Nol Focke-Wulf 1904 series by Peter G. Cooksley No2_ Supermarine Spitfire I & HI by Philip J. R. Moyes Nod North American P-SLD Mustang by Harry Holmes Nos Messerschmitt Me 109E by Peter G. Cooksley NoS Hawker Hurricane I by Philip J. R. Moyes No6 Republic P-47D Thunderbolt by John B, Rabbets Plans and artwork in all six titles are by Alfred Granger, MISTC [ Acrodata International Publications and their contents are copyright © Vintage Aviation Publications Ltd., VAP House, Station Field Industrial Estate, Kidlington, Oxford, England, and no part may be reproduced in any way without the prior permission of the publishers. Trade enquiries would be welcome, but the publishers regret that they cannot deal with readers’ enquiries concerning the con Acrodata International Publications. Printed by Visual Art Productions Ltd., Oxford, England, and first Published 1977. ISBN 0 905469 20 8NTAGE EAVIATION GJUBLICATIONS uo Air History World War 2 Series, No 1 SHORT STIRLING REMEMBERED by Philip J. R. Moyes Aiir History World War 2 Series, No2 SUPERMARINE SPITFIRE REMEMBERED by Philip J. R. Moyes Air History World War 1 Series, No 1 FOKKER FIGHTERS OF WORLD WAR 1 by Peter L. Gray Data Plan No 1 — HAWKER WOODCOCK/DANECOCK by Alfred Granger Data Plan No2 — BRISTOL BULLDOG by Alfred Granger Data Plan No 3 — THE ARMSTRONG WHITWORTH SISKIN by Alfred Granger YESTERDAY'S RAF FIGHTERS by Philip J. R. Moyes VAP House ‘Station Feld industrial Estate Kington, Oxford OXS 1LL ‘iolington 5461/2/3FW 190A-3 und A-8 — DEUTSCH Die erste Protoyp FW 190 flog 1939. Im Friihsommer 1941 war die erste Testserie der FW 190A-1 fertiggestellt. Daraus wurde eine ganze Reihe von Typen abgeleitet, darunter, um nur einige zu nennen, die A-3 mit einem BMW 801D-2 Triebwerk. ertmals eingesetzt in Adolf Galland’s JG 26 an der Kanalkiiste; die A-4 mit Methanol-Wasser-Einspritzanlage; die A-4/U1 Jagd- bomber, und die A-5, deren Nase durch Motoranderungen um 153mm verlangert wurde, Abb. 1 Eine der ersten FW 190A-1 von JG 26, stationiert in Nordfrankreich und hier bei einem Flug iiber dem Kanal aufgenommen. Abb.2 Drei FW 190A-1 bei Motortests. Abb. 3 Der erste Prototyp, FW 190 VI D-OPZE in seiner originalausfiihrung mit 1550 PS BMW 139 Triebwerk, 18-Zyl. Doppelstern und Triebwerkblenden. Abb, 4 1940 wurden die Triebwerkblenden der FW 190 WI durch engsitzende NACA-Abdeck ungen ersetzt, um Uberhitzen des Trieb- werks zu verhindern. Beachtenswert ist, dass die Werks-Radiokode FO+LY Zivel-Zulassungszeichen ersetzt. Abb. 5 Die frithen | FW 190 Prototypen und die Vorserienmodelle hatten kleinere Fliigel, wie hier bei der WSK, in der das neue BMW 80I1C Trieb werk eingefiihrt wurde. Abb. 6 Die ersten’ Vorserienmaschinen wurden als A-Os bekannt, Von der 8. Maschine an wurden die Fliigel vegrdssert, wie hier abgebildet. Dadurch wurde die Monovrierfahigkeit wesentlich verbessert. Abb. 7 Heckansicht der FW J90A-1 SB+ID zeigt das breitspurige Fahrwerk. Dies war, wie bei der Hawker Hurricane, ein wesentl!zher Vorteil bei Start und Landung, im Gegensatz zu den enspurigen Fahrwerken der Me 109 und der Spitfire. Abb. 8 Eine FW 190A-I der cweiten Produktionsserie, N bb. 9 Verschiedene Typen der A-O Vorserie wurden von der fH. /IG26 in Maldeghem, Belgien getestet, wie hier abgebildet. Abb. 10 Eines der ersten A-1 Modelle, mit Werks-Radiokode, bei einer Inspekti on vor dem | Flug. Abb. 11 Die FW 190A-3 (W Nr. 313) von Oberleutnant Arnim Faber, die durch einen Naviga tionsfehler auf dem RAF Flugplatz Pembrey in Siidwales landete. Diese Maschine gab den A llierten wertvolle Informationen liber diese Flugzeuge und deren’ Technik, Abb. 12 Die gleiche Maschine, jedoch mit RAF Tarnanstrich und Nr. MP499, im Royal Aircraft Establishment, Farnborough. Die franzésische Firma SNCA baute die FW 190 unter Lizenz als NC900. In Deutschland gebault Typen wurden an die tiirkische Luftwaffe geliefert. Eine Maschine wurde ebenfalls nach Japan zur Auswertung -geschickt. Im Juni 1942 landete eine FW. 190-A3 der Luftwaffe durch einen Navigationsfehler in England. Dies war die erste Maschine, durch die die RAF die Geheimnisse der berihmten FW 190 entliften konnte. Abb. 13—16 Weitere Ansichten der Beutemaschine in Farnborough. Die Nahaufnahmen von Triebwerk, Bewaffnung, Fahrwerk und Leitwerk enthalten gute Details fiir den Modellbauer. Die RAF- Trainer-Bemalung bestand aus schwarzen/dunkelgriinen Oberfliichen und gelben Unterflachen. Abb. 17 Die gleiche Maschine fertig zum Start in Farnborough, Abb. 18 Eine FW 190A-3 der tiirkischen Luftwaffe. Abb. 19 Eine FW 190A-4, wahrscheinlich von der IV. /SKG 10, auf dem Flugplatz Cognacin Frankreich, 1943, Abb. 20 Planansicht einer Beutemaschine, Typ A-4/U8, Nr. PE882, bei einem Versuch. Diese Maschine landete aus Versehen in den friihen Morgenstunden des 17. April 1943 auf dem RAF Flugplatz West Malling, K ent. Abb. 21 Eine FW’ 190A-4 der I./SG 54 “Griinherz"’ mit einer 500kg 500 SC Bombe. Abb. 22 Eine A-4/U8 Langstecken-Jabo mit zwei 300 Liter- Abwurftanks und einer 500 SC Bombe. Abb. 23 Ein A-5/U8 Jabo mit einer 1000kg SB 1000 Bombe. Der untere Fliigel der Bombe ist abgenommen, um die Bodenfreiheit zu verbessern. Abb, 24 Eine FW 190A-5 mit den bekannten Markierungen des JG2 “*Richthofen"'in Frankreich, 1942 oder 43. _ Abb, 25 Eine von den Allierten auf einem Luftwaffen-Flugplatz in Italien gefundene FW 190A-5/U3, September 1943. Abb. 26 FW 1904-4 VL+FG mit Blohm— & Voss By 246 Gleitbombe. Abb. 27 Versuchmaschine als Torpedojiger, Typ FW 190A-5/U14. Abb, 28 Diese in Frankreich unter Lizenz gebaute NC900 steht im Luftfahrtmuseum von Paris. Abb. 29 Diese A-5/U12 Nr. 813, mit 4x 20mm MG 18d, wurde tu Waffenversuchen eingesetzt.BILDTAPELI IULIG2"Richthofen'"—Markierungen o @ ® o o Hahnenkopf—Abzeichen, eingefuhrt von Hauptmann Hahn, ‘dem Chef der 11 3G2 ‘Geanderte Balkenkrewsform auf der aberen Tragfliche—wi schwarz (eechis)undschware1 am FuB der Zeichnung, ‘Bechatenswert it das Weglassen der schwarzen Linie zur weien| Umrandung des Balkenkreuzes auf dem Rumpf, und das Hakenkrew. Der Werksanstrich bestand aus Grau 02 und Dunkelgrin 71 ‘auf den Oberflichen, Unterflachen und Seiten warea in Heliblaw {65 pestrichen. Propeller und Propellehaube in Schwarzgrin 70. Die meisten Staffeln fugien weitere Flecken in Gra beim ‘Anbringen der Staffelzcichen den senkrechten Flachen 2 ‘Normalausfubrung des Balkenkreuzes unter den Tragfchen, ‘Nocmalausfohung des Balkenkreuzesauf den Tragfluchen. ‘Typisches Tarnbemalungsmuster Die Maschinen der I11./JG2 hatten schwarze Felder, weil ‘amram, auf den Stellen gemalt, die von Auspuffgasen berthrt waren. Bie Feder btn, wi hier eas den Kop ines Adlers Das mit Grau02 abermalte Rumpf-Ralkenkreu BILDTAFEL? FWI90A-8—Cockpit w @ oy @ 6 © o ® o io) ay 412), a) as) as) 16) a7) Hobenmesser ‘Handhebel for Fahrwerk Geschwindigheitsmesser ‘Revi 6B Refklektorvsier ‘Kunstlicher Horizont Steigungsmesser Homing-Anzeige Kompat Druckmesser fur Lader Kraftstoftmesser Drenzahimesser ropellerwinkel-Anzeige Sauerstoffmesser Halter far Leuchtpistole Sauerstoventil. Sauerstof-Druckmesser Uhe Kanzeldachrad Anlafschalter Kraftstoffpumpenschalter Schalter for Bordwaffenelektrik ‘Bombenschalter Gashebeleinstellang Radiorchalter “Leiwerkhebel ‘Raketenschalter ‘Oltemperarurmesser raftstoff- und Oldruckmesser Leitwerkanzeige Gashebel (mit Propellerwinkel-Versteller) ‘eedicnungsknopfe ur Fahrwerk und Klappen Kraftstofftank-Umstellhebet BILDTAFELS RILDTAFELS FWI90ASund AS (1) Kanzeldachwer @) Phamomzcichnung der Fléche, zeigt die kurzen Nasen- vetkleidungen und Kahisehlitze (3) Positionsstangen fur Abwurftanks (4 Fahrwerkklappen, offnen nar beim Ausfabren oder Binzichen Diese Klappen enielen, wenn ETC 501 Bombentrager angebaut (5) Befestigungspunkte der ETC501 Bombentrager(AI-A7) (6) Positionsstangen wurden verwendet, wenn Abwurftank an der Bombenaufhanzuns befestint war (%) 300 Liter-Tanks unter beiden Flachen bei US-Langstrecken)abos Bei dieser Aus/ahrung enfielen die mitleren Flachenkanonen (8) ETCS01 Bombentrager der ALA? (9) Vonunten gesenen ETCS01 Bombentrager der A-8 {00 Liter Abwurftank vonunten gesehen Raketenrohreder Ausfuhrung R6 Phantomzeichnung der Fliche, zeigt die langen Naser vetkleldungen und Kahisehlitze (ab A-5) Befesiguagspunkiefur ETC $0! Bombentrayerder A-8 S00kg Bombe ‘WB ISI Kanonenpaarder RI |WB1SI Kanonenpaarin jeder Flache 20mm MG151) FuG16Z Morane Antenne ‘TragflachederA-8 HohenruderderA:8 Verlingerung der Motoraufhangungab A-S Heibklimafilter 11 Auspuffrobre. Dieses Robrist fur? Zylinder Bordkanonenklappeder A-8 BILDTAFEL4 Rustsate (2) ETCS01 Bombentrager @) Kraftstoffpampe {@)Bomben-edienungsteirungen (4) Abdeckung (5) zudenKralistofMeitungs Druckventilen (6) eur Bombenausldsung im Cocknit (1) Kraftstoffeitune (8) Presslutletung (Zusatzantich—Abwurftank) (9) SC 500 Bombe (10). Anschluss furKraftstoff und Pressft (11) Positionssiangen nur bei Absurftank) (12). 300 Liter Abwerftank (13) FW 1904.5 mit9S0kg Torpedo LT 980, Abnelt der 190A-5/U15, die Aufhiingungen fr zwei 300 Liter Abwurftanks unter den Flachen hatte, (1) Beachensnr ist de Fhgzeugnommer au der Haupeaderk @) FW'IDOA der 6/361—Der geamte Remfoberc sin Dunkelgrin 7, ohne 2usazliche Fleckbemalung auf den Seiten in Hellblay 68. Oberflachen in Dunkelgrin 71 und Grau 02 nach Standard-Tarnmuster. (@)Tataelwurm Zeichen aufbeiden Seiten der Motorhaube . (8) FW 190-4 der L/JGS! “Molders” in Winter-Tarnbemalung. ‘Uber der Standardbemalung. Russland, Winter 1942/43, (5) Gelber Aastrich der Fiachen-Uinterseten an der Ostfront. BEi ‘inigen Maschinen waren auch dieKlappen pel gstrichen- (6) FW 1904-4 der L1G $4 “Granher2” in geflecktem Hellgrau und ‘Weil auf allen Ober-undSeltenflachen,Siwerskaja, Ostfont () Staffelzeichen der/JGS4 aut beidenSeitender Motorhaulbe (8) Rechts: Zwei FW. 190A:8. Oben: Maschine mit Anstrich Dunkelgran 71 und Tarnbemalung Dunkelgrin 71/Grau 02 {Gelgien 1944), Unten: Maschine mit Anstrich Grau 02 und ‘Tarmbemalung Dunkelgrin 71/Grau 02. Beide Maschinen haben schwarz-weibe Spiralen auf der Propellerhaubs, wie nach deme 20.7.1944 vorgeschrieben war.DIEFW 190A TYPENREIHE Typ Anmerkungen FW 190A-0 Vorserie zur Erprobung A-l 102 Stick fiir Einsatzversuche A-2 Spannweite um 190, Smm vergroBert A-3 Vetnesserte Bordbewaf: fnung A-3/U1 Jagdbomber. MG FF durch Bombe- naufhangung ersetzt. A-3/U3 Gewicht und Geschwindigkeit erhoht A-3/U4 Aufklarerversion mit 2 RB 12 Kameras A-3/U7 — Jagdbomber. MG FF durch Bombe- naufhangung ersetzt A-4 Verbesserte Tiefflugleistung durch Methanol-Wasser (MW 50) —— Zusatzbeschleuniger A-4/Trop. Mit HeiBklimafiltern und ETC 250 Bombentrager A-4/U3 Tiefflieger, wurde spater die FW 190F-] A-4/U8 Langstrecken-Jabo mit Abwurftanks A-4/R6 Ohne MW 50 Zusatzbeschleuniger Mit Raketenrohren ausgeriistet — A-5 Linge um 152,5mm vergréBert A-5/U2 Nacht-Jabo A-5/U3 Jagdbomber A-5/U4 Aufklarer A-5/U8 Langstrecken-Jabo — A-5/U9 Mit zwei MG 151 Kanonenpaaren und Doppel-MG 131 A-5/U10 WurdedieFW 190A-6 A-5/U11 Schwerer Jager, wurde die FW 190A-8/R3 und F-8/R3 A-5/U12 Schwerer Jager, wurde die FW | 190A-8/R1 und A-6/R1 A-5/U13 —_ Langstrecken-Jabo, wurde die FW 190G-3 A-5/U14 — Versuchs-Torpedojager A-5/U15 Spezial-Torpedojager, nur 3 Stick = gebaut — A-5/U16 Bomber-Zerstérer mit 30mm Kanonen Mk 108 | A-5/U17 Wurde die FW 190F-3 A-5/R6 Mit Werfer-Granaten 21 ausgeriistet. A-6 Mit leichterem, iiberarbeitetem Rumpf. A-6/R1 Schwerer Jager mit 8 Bordkanonen. A-6/R2 —_ Jaboversion der A-6 A-6/R3 —- Versuchsversion als schwerer Jager A-6/R4 = MitGM1 A-6/R6. Mit Werfer-Granaten 21 ausgeriistet. A-7 Verbesserte Bewaffnung und verstarktes Fahrwerk A-7 / Rl Schwerer Jager A-7/R2 Mit 30mm Mk 108 AuBenbord- : kanonen > A-7/R3 Mit Vorrichtung fiir einen Abwurf- tank A-7/R6 ~~‘ Erhéhtes Gesamtgewicht A-8 VergroBerte Bordtanks A-8/U1 Schulmaschine, wurde _ diie FW 1908-8 A-8/U11 — Jagdbomber A-8/RI MG 151 Bordkanonenpaare unter den Flachen A-8/R2 GM _ 1-Version mit erhdéhtem Gesamtgewicht A-8/R3 Tiefflieger, Versuchsversion A-8/R7 Ramm jager A-8/R8 Rammjager mit verbesserter Bewaffnung A-8/R11 — Allwetter} dger A-8/R12 Geplante Version mit verbesserter Bewaf fi nung A-9 — Mit neuem BMW 801 TS Triebwerk A-9/R8 Versuchsmaschine als Rammijager A-9/RI11 Allwetterj jager mit’ Turbolad er A-9/R12 _—_ Allwetterjager-Versu chstyp A-10 Langstrecken-Jdagger TECHNISCHE DATEN FW 190A-3 und A-8 A bmessungen: Spannweite 10500mm. -Gesamtlinge (A-1, 2, 3, 4) 8798mm, (A-5, 6, 7, 8, 9) 8950mm. Fligelflache 18,3m2. Triebwerk: BMW 801 D-2 14-Zylinder-Doppelreihen- Sternmotor. Leistung 1580 PS bei 2700 U/min (Start), oder 1760 PS bei 3000 U/min in §500m Hohe. Hochstgeschwindigkeit (mit Zusatzantrieb durch 50% Methanol-Wasser-Einspitzanlage MW 50, die die Motorleistung beim Tiefflug aber eine Dauerzeit von 10 Minuten erhdhte (A-4 Typen)—636km/h bei 5200m; 525km/h bei 1400m; 628km/h bei 6100m; A-8; 652km/h bei 6250m 571 km/h bei Meereshohe, | Steigleistung: 4,75 min. auf $030m; 6,25 min. auf 5486m. Dienstgipfelhdhe: 11.300m bei normaler Tankladung. Reichweite: 800km mit Bordtanks. Gewichte: A-3 Gesamtgewicht 3800kg; A-8 4287kg, mit Zusatztank von 1 15 litre 4400kg. Zulussiges Startgewicht fiir A-8 mit Abwurftanks etc.: 4900kg. Fiillmengen: 525 litre Kraftstoff. Bei A-8 konnte ein Bord- Zusatztank von 115 litre eingebaut werden. Olfillmenge: : A-3 45 litre; A-8 55 litre. Bewaffnung: A-3—2 synchronisierte Rheinmetall-Borsig MG 17, Kal. 7,9, tiber der Motorhaube. Flachenbewaff- nung: synchronisierte Kanonenpaare MG 151, Kal. 20, in den Flachenwurzeln und Oerlikon MGFF Kanonenpaare, Kal. 20, in den Flachen. Gesamt-Waffenleistung: 276,7kg/min. SchuBfolge/min: MG 17—600; MG 151—700; MGFF—450, Munition: MG17—1000 Schuh pro Stick; MG151—230: MGFF—60. A-8—2 MG 131, Kal. 13, tiber der Motorhaube (je 475 SchuB); 2MG 151, Kal. 20, in den Flachenwurzeln (je 250 SchuB); 2 MG 151, Kal. 20, in den Flachen (je 140 SchuB).A-8/R1—4 MG 151/20Es mit je 125 Schuh (zwei unter jeder Flache) ersetzen die AuBenbord MG 151. A-8/R2—2 Mk 108, Kal. 30, mit je 55 Schu ersetzen die AuBenbord MG 151. A-8/R3—2 Km 103, Kal. 30, mit je 35 Schufi ersetzen die AuBenbord MG 151 (unter den Flachen).FOCKE-WULF 190A By Peter G. Cooksley Fig. | One of the first FW I90A-Is of Jagdgeschwader 26, based in Northern France, pictured on patrol over the English Channel. [All photographs courtesy Bruce Robertson unless otherwise credited. | = a — a a ha ‘ jaw oa | 2 = Peak. ns cael a r ct ae “i _— a - aad i = iad ee a Pm ee = os hg iy i. E ye el Pal * | a —_| re a = : , “iFig, 2. Three FW’ 1904-Is seen during engine run-up tests Fig. 3. The frst prototype, the FW’ 1901 D-OPZE, ints original form with is 1.5S0hp BMW 139 radial engine ited with a ducted spinner to reduce dag. Fig. 4 In 1940 the FW 190¥1"s ducted spinner was removed, due to engine over heating, and replaced by «tight fiting NACA’ cowling. Note factory radio. call sign FO-+ LY replacing civ registration. Fig. 5 Barly FW 190 prototypes and pre- production aircraft had short-span wings as Seen to advantage here on the Vk, which Inuroduced the new BMW 801C engineoat REPEATER UNDERCARRIAGE st fo >» / 5 COMPASS & FLAP CONTROL : wf ri LY Bat Se ae ‘yn SUPERCHARGER { aN jv (@) PRESSURE THROTTLE See GAUGE (WITH AIRSCREW eee i ca PITCH CONTROL) v / FUEL és fo “ GAUGE / TAILPLANE TRIM TACHOMETER 7 AIRSCREW PITCH INDICATOR OXYGEN FLOW (13) INDICATOR FLARE PISTOL HOLDER =” FUEL & OIL4 PRESSURE | 7 GAUGE | "5-7" QILTEMPERATUREGAUGE|P 4 ROCKET CONTROL UNIT) ay! SE ae i nh ee a a AMY | OXYGEN : Bh Me Wass FLOW ae Rs Vis VALVE oe TAILPLANE Pees os ee Se OXYGEN ae, = TRIM Swe AVS PRESSURE RADIO CONTROLS oe CLOCK (17) / CANOPY ACTUATOR DRIVE (23) THROTTLE FRICTION KNOB @) (22) BOMB FUSING SELECTOR UNIT Ler ee ARMAMENT CIRCUIT BREAKERS —@*>——»ec) o FUEL PUMP CIRCUIT BREAKERS kel eyCENTRE UNDER~ 7 1 CARRIAGE DOORS AOCATION OF ETC 501 @ OPEN ONLY DURING CARRIER (al —A7) 200mm RETRACTION DROP TANK. LOWERING OF = SPACER BARS BARS USED WHEN DROP TANK CARRIED IN BOMB Rac Es e FWI90 A-8 ; me LOCATION OF TC S01 CARRIER 300g some (8) Fug 6 2y MORANE ANTENNA TROPICAL FILTER scat Yaa 10ING GHOSTED TO sHOW, @® Hose raneise cooLne vents ria) ar ae UNDERWING 300 tr TANK (8OTH WINGS) FITTED (NO MID-WING GUNS FITTED TO THESE VERSIONS) ae] “ocae mons wna oniveatine eo =f ee ® @ wine cuosteo 10 sow tons Nose SaNeLs v coocin Vents (rvs a5 Onwanos) HIEWON UNDERSIDE| tape ‘ > Wet CUNPRCK ON tact WING (201m HTS! macnine guns) @ tua 16 27 MORANE ANTENNA meee 1s exaust Pipes. as Gun narcn @) ~—Tais Pipe senves 2 ChunDens FOCKE-WULF FWI9O A-3 & A-8 © A.Granger ss:UNDER FUSELAGE STORES (PLATE 4) ETC 501 CARRIER UNIT (1) FUEL PUMP (2) a, a ny i) ae 7 i 1: 7 fl ase boa a i i. i, " rr ttf ‘is ihe 1 i at aft eae ve seis = a fe ee at ; iy fa n 4 rt saat we ny ‘ ate Tics i “a ny as Sn ‘ - 1s fT oe hey te aes tae i ea dar eee aa paar a Sine Sees ney etter) i pacts a SS aerate etre ty noes ay ie sooo air at lat petty aetna Nea pitiie Bene a ms ue a iy ne Ey " wigihate ts et = i me 5 ‘ ic ae . oR ee ee ne ibe a ai an el eho oe ae = ae hie i BANS atic as asin cdi hn in aetna ny agen irre set heen nay raat Nye tae nimiacy urate wer etal Ars ety a ALR sr mh Ea ae et a! = all ane us (3) TO FUEL LINE PRESSURE VALVES BOMB RELEASE LEAD G) AND FUSING LINE TO COCKPIT BOMB RELEASE CONTROLS ‘ ©) FAIRING (4) i. Af | = Sy i FUEL LINE Q | AIR PRESSURE LINE (8 (SUPERCHARGER TO DROP TANK) 500kg BOMB (3) — EXTENDED NON-RETRACTING TAIL WHEEL TO GIVE GROUND CLEARANCE C) A.Granger, wistc 12 FW 190A-5/U14 WITH 950 kg (2,090 Ib) LT950 TORPEDO. SIMILAR WAS THE FW 1904-5/U15 WHICH HAD PROVISION FOR TWO 300 LITRE FUEL TANKS UNDER THE WINGS.oe LT a Ee a oe - a —_— Fig. 17 Faber's A-3 ready for take-off at Farnborough. tropical form which incorporated filters for operations in dust-laden climates and a rack for a 550lb (250kg) bomb. Works-rebuilt models of the basic model included the A-4/U1, a heavy fighter-bomber armed only with a pair of MG 15ls—one of the best guns produced by the Mauser Works—and two ETC 501 external stores racks. The /U3 was the prototype of the later FW 190F-1 and this was followed by the /U8, a long-range fighter-bomber with provision for drop- tanks. Final sub-version of the type was the FW LO9YA-4 which was produced by means of the /R6 kit which allowed the carriage of WGr 2] rocket-launching tubes under the outer wing panels, while the MWS50 injection was deleted. When, during 1942, the A-5S made its appearance il was immediately remarked that the length had been increased by about six inches (152.5mm) due to a change of engine mounting but apart from this and a decreased weight it differed little from the form previously described. It did, however, provide the basis for a range of variants of great variety and in its basic form was the subject of the ‘‘Mistel’’ composite trials in which a fighter, which could also be of the A-&8 form, was mounted above the bulk of an explosive-packed Junkers Ju 88 and released over the target by the pilot of the upper aircraft. Of even greater interest was the pro- framme to modify several A-5 machines for use in connection with experiments involving the Gotha glider fuel tank in which a 143 gallon (650 litre) airborne tank was tlown above and behind a conventional fighter by means of twin steel cables. Once the fuel in the manned aircraft was exhausted the glider could be drawn down to outriggers on the powered machine and, after its contents had been transferred, finally jettisoned; the idea was never employed operationally. While the A-5 was a particularly rich source of proto- types for future development—the /U10 to /U12 versions becoming the ]190A-6, the 190A-8/R3 and 190F-8/R3, and 190A-8/R1 with the 190A-6/R1 respec- tively—especially worthy of interest is the A-5/U8 version which was modified to carry a single torpedo- bomb under the fuselage. This weapon, which carried charges in its different forms varying from over 2,000Ib (907kz) of explosive to in excess Of only 200Ib (90.7kg) was a bulky item and due to its large diameter the lower fin had to be removed to provide the machine so modfied with sufficient ground clearance. Normally a pair of SCS00 bombs, each with a warhead of 595lb (270kg), were carried under the wings of unmodified heavy fighters. By this period the FW 190 was being used in increasing numbers on all war fronts and tests were begun with a view to its employment for maritime work. Consequently the /U14 version of the A-5 was intro- duced with a rack under the fuselage to take a torpedo, and to tacilitate ground clearance the tailwheel was mounted on a stalky extension. This type led in turn to the A-5/U15 which incorporated the lessons learnt from the previous type, but in fact only three of the latter models were built. The RAF had by now discovered that it had a sound adversary in the German fighter and that from some points of view it had the edge over machines Opposed to it. [he earliest reaction to its appearance was that the choice of radial engine, a decision that had initially caused some surprise In Germany, indicated a shortage of suitable in-line engines. Recognition manuals of the period stressed the resemblance of the Focke-Wulf to the Curtiss P-36, several of which were to be seen in British skies following the French collapse, having originally been ordered for use by the Armée de |’ Arr. The fact that both sides were alive to this similarity 1s 13Fw 1903 FRANCE 1942 NOTE AIRCRAFT NUMBER (ON MAIN WHEEL COVER FW 190A-40F 6/161 ENTIRE TOP DECKING OF FUSELAGE DUNKELGRUN 71 WITH NO ADDITIONAL F MOTTLING ON HELLBLAU 65 SIDES. UPPER SURFACES IN DUNKELGRUN 71 & GRAU 02 TO STANDARD CAMOUFLAGE PATTERN STATZELWURM™ EMBLEMON @) py 1900-4 OF 1/JG51 “MOLDERS" IN TEMPORARY WHITE WINTER BOTH SIDES OF ENGINE COWLING \ @ GRgUFLAGE ANPLIED OVEN STANDARD COLOUR SCHEME RUSSIA, WINTER 1942/43, YELLOW PANEL ONUNDER: SIDEOF WINGS: OFAIRCRAFT ON EASTERN FRONT. ONSOME AIR RAFT vELLOw EXTENDED, Over AAILERONS, MOTTLED U SIWERSKAJA, EASTERN FRONT. UNIT EMBLEM OF 1/JG54 ON BOTH SIDES OF ENGINE ‘COWLING. RIGHT: TWO FW 1908-8 AIRCRAFT. TOP: MACHINE WITH DUNKELGRUN 71 ‘TOP DECKING & DUNKELGRUN 71/GRAU 02 CAMOUFLAGE’ ON UPPER SURFACES (BELGIUM 1944) LOWER: GRAU 02 TOP DECKING WiTH DUNKELGRUN 71/GRAU 02 CAMOUFLAGE BOTH AIRCRAFT HAVE BLACK & WHITE SPIRAL MARKINGS ON. SPINNER AS REQUIRED AFTER 20 JULY 1944 IScALE 1/72 re PLATES © A.Granger. xis rc 4Fig. 18 A FW 904-3 in service with the Turkish Air Force. shown by the use of captured P-36s as decoys on air- fields within range of British low-level attacks where, with the added deception of German markings, they drew their share of fire. In the theatres of war as widely separated as Russia, Africa and Great Britain the FW 190 rapidly became the symbol of the Luftwaffe’s fighter arm, and in this country the type became associated with the so-called tip-and-run raids which, despite this propaganda- chosen name, were never as casual nor as innocent as the term seemed to indicate. Only the day before this text was begun an eye-witness recalled to the author the sight of half-a-dozen Focke-Wulf 190 fighters with bombs under their bellies streaking at low level up a valley in Kent with guns blazing to destroy the barrage balloons at the head of the vale before they could be raised to operational height. Although this fighter is always remembered as the backbone of the Nazi German Air Forces, completeness demands that mention is made of the type with other nations for, across Europe, a common sight in Turkish skies was that of 190s in formation with Spitfires since both nations supplied aircraft to the Turkish Air Force. Both types of fighter retained the camouflage system in which they were delivered, but for national markings they boasied the white-outlined red square on the wings alone while the rudder was marked with a crescent moon and a single star on an entirely red background. The only fuselage marking was a large red numeral. Surprisingly enough some 190s also flew in French colours and it is worth noting that the type was built in French factories during the occupation of that country. Fig. 19 An A-4, probably of IV./SKG 10, on the German airfield at Cognac in Occupied France in £943.20. Plan view of a captured A-4/US, seralled PEBE2, on txt. I landed in error at RAF West Malling, Kent, during the early hours Of 17 Apri, 1948. Some machines, mostly FW 190A-8s, were pressed into service following capture but after withdrawal of German forces production went ahead at the SNCA underground factory at Cravant near Auxerre where they were termed NC 900s. The first of these, an A-5, was completed as early as 16 March, 1945 and such records as survive state that No 63 made its acceptance flight on 14 March a year later, only one other, No 64, being completed. However that may be, it is known that No 62, an A-8, stands on exhibition in the Musée de I"Air and several similar machines flew with the Normandie- Niemen GC III/5 in company with Yak-3s. These may have been captured examples since the service life of the type was a short one, mainly due to the use of engine parts for the BMW 801D which had been manufactured Fig. 21 4 1904-4 of 1./SG 54 “Gritnhere" carrying a SOOkg SC 500 bomb. for the Germans by French labour who found it a comparatively easy task 10 over-temper components so that the motors were certain to seize after even a moderate period of running. Limited funds prevented the production of fresh parts and as no alternative power plants could be procured the NC 900 quickly faded into oblivion, Markings of the French machines were unspectacular and consisted only of the usual Tricolore roundels in the normal six positions against the camouflage finish of the period, On the fuselage, roundels had a narrow yellow rim. The rudders were picked out in the shades of the Tricolore and it is interesting to note from a surviving example that the divisions were not equal but in strict accordance 10 the proportions of the French national flag, namely 90:99:11, respectively blue, white and the colour at the trailing edge red. Superimposed ‘on these appeared, in descending order, ane above th other, NC 900, Type AS (or A8) as a single line, with the serial, eg No 35, just below the mid point. Lesser known is that a single FW 190A-5 ran the Allied blockade during the summer of 1943 and was assembled in Japan prior to a concentrated programme of flight testing and evaluation in the following September. To facilitate this, instructional manuals were translated into Japanese and the instruments, re-marked, Flown against the then advanced Nakajima Ki.84 Hayate, known to the Allies as “Frank”, it proved itself superior according to the report of one of Japan's foremost military pilots of the day, Major Kuroe; and Major Katakura discovered that it was possible to land it at high speed without the aid of flaps, when a wrench, carelessly left in the mechanism, prevented his using them. However, final reports were less enthusiastic, for while they still especially mention the exceptional speed at maximum power and the ease of control in a dive, the manoeuvrability is described as poor. The ultimate fate of this particularly interesting specimen is obscure; it appears to have either been dismantled or possibly wrecked early in 1945 since it isFig. 22 An A-4/U/8 long-range fighter-bomber with two 34)-litre drop tanks and a SC 500 bomb. Pig. 23 An A-5/U8 long-range fighter-bomber with a 1000kg SB 1000 bomb, lower fin of which has been removed for ground clearance. on record that the cowling and motor were in the Kawasaki experimental shops at Kagamigahara in March of that year and were still there when the Allies occupied the factory in September. [ts sojourn in the East was not without profit, however, for it is on record that when the inverted-Vee-engined Kawasaki Ki.61 II was being re-designed as the radial-engined Kawasaki K1.100-la, the BMW installation was employed as a model for the Japanese product. The few photographs which survive of the type show it marked in German camoullage with the undersurface colouring brought up almost to the cockpit lip with a wavy demarcation line on the fuselage and Japanese national markings, white- edged, in the usual six positions. At the same time as these tests in the Far East work was going on at the Focke-Wulf plant on the production of a new lightened model which was to become known as the A-6; this had a cannon with a higher rate of fire in Fig. 24 A FW [90A-8/R7 Assauit fighter showing the armoured canopy and additional armour plate in the cockpit area. 17Fig. 25 A FW'1904-5/U3 found by Allied troops ona former Luftwaffe alle in Italy in September 1943, the outer wing positions. The /R1 modification was a heavy fighter version with eight guns, two MG 17s and six MG 151s, which entered service on the Eastern front at the end of November, 1943. Four of these weapons ‘were carried, two in each of a couple of gondolas under the wings, ‘The /R2 was the inevitable fighter-bomber version and there followed a heavy fighter project known as the /R3. On the next variant the GM 1 booster fuel tanks in wings and fuselage were introduced with rocket tubes under the wings and outboard guns deleted on the ‘A-6/R6 of late 1943. This was closely followed by a model with 13mm guns above the fuselage and a strengthened undercarriage and several Rustsatz modi- fication models before the second type utilised in the “‘Mistel”” trials, the A-8 with increased internal fuel Fig, 26 FW 1904-4 VLG carrying a Blom and Voss By 246 slider bomb. 18 capacity, arrived. Of these the /U1 is of especial interest for it represented an attempt to produce a training two. seat version as well as providing the prototype of the later 190S-8. To add the additional seat the cockpit was extended towards the rear and a slight “‘pinch’” incor porated in the glazing in order to provide some degree of forward vision from the rear seat. Only a very few were produced, all conversions of standard A series air~ craft. An A-8 was one of two FW 190s (the other was an F3) used in the interesting tests of the “Doublerider”™ streamlined auxiliary fuel tank which was mounted above each wing and tapered off aft of the trailing edge. A number of sub-forms of the basic A-3 model followed until 1944 saw a change of power plant with the adoption of the BMW 801TS/TH F, but by the time the A-10 was produced it was obvious that the develop, ‘ment potential of the basic A-type airframe had been exhausted and subsequent work was concentrated on the FW 190V 13, the prototype of the proposed FW 190B series of high-altitude fighters. Although the Focke-Wulf 190 was a fast, adaptable and highly manocuverable aireraft,its position in aviation history probably lies as much with the degree of tech- nical expertise incorporated in the design than anything else. There were, for example, no cooling gills to disturb the airflow through the cowling of which the diameter was only a little under four and a half feet (1370mm), but instead a cooling fan, geared to something approach: ing three times the engine revs. The 14 individual exhausts were close set under the trailing edge of the cowling and the circular radiator designed to blend into—". es og be ee —s ) ee a pasa. er SSS Plo Piva Hiiteon. ah - a= a an le i ee Fie, 27 Fhe experimental FW I9QOA-5/U 14 torpedo fighter. the contours of the mounting was protected by armour plate of between 5 and 3mm thickness. At the time of the British examination of the Pembrey machine interest was excited by the shock-absorbing provision of the main undercarriage and the partially retractable tail- wheel. The main legs had a 15 inch (381m) travel and the gear driven by an electric motor worked on the worm and pinion principle to run a system of cables to operate the tailwheel, The tail trim was also incor- porated in the highly developed electrical system and protection for the pilot was generous, including an armoured seat and a 2'41n (63.5mm) thick windscreen raked back at 63 degrees, but against these refinements must be seen the fact that the duration of the FW 190 was only in the region of two hours and the first reports on the captured machine considered the general finish to be poor. | = 1 att hs alk cA a se el Br te iy Fig. 28 Eine This NC 900, French-built version of the FW [90A-8, is preserved in the Musée de ['Air in Paris. Fig.29 A4-5/U72 W Nr 873, carrying four 20mm MG JS] cannon in (win underwing packs, was used for armament (trials. 19‘THE FW 190A SERIES Type FW 190A Al A2 A3 A3/UL A3/U3 A3/U4 A3/U7 A4 A-4/Trop. A4/UL AA/U3 A-4/U8 AA/R6 AS AS/U2 AS/U3 A-S/U4 A-S/U8 A5/09 A-3/U10 A-S/UIL AS/UIZ AS/UI3 AS/UI4 AS/UIS AS/UI6 AS/UIT AS/RO AG A6/RL AG/R2 A6/R3 AG/RS A6/RO Aq ATI AT/RZ AT/R3 AT/RO AS AS/UL AS/UIL AS/RL Remarks Pre-production machines for evaluation. Initial 102 for operational testin Wing span increased by 7¥in (190.5mm). Improved armament Fighter bomber. MG FFs replaced by bomb racks. Increased weight and speed. Reconnaissance fighter. Fighter bomber with MG FFs, replaced. -MWS0 fuel injection system. With filters and rack for $5016 (250kg) bomb. Twin MG ISIs plus a pair of bomb racks. Ground support fighter, became FW 190F-1 Long range fighter bomber with drop-tanks. No MWS0. Fitted with rocket tubes, Length increased by 6 (152.5mm) Nieht fighter. Ground support. Reconnaissance fighter. Long range fighter bomber. Twin MG 15Is plus Twin MG Bis, Became FW 190A-6. Heavy tighter, became FW 190A- 8/R3 and F-8/R3. Heavy fighter, became FW 190A- 8/R1 and A-6/R1 Long range fighter bomber, became FW 190G-3. Experimental torpedo fighter. Special torpedo fighter, three built Special bomber destroyer with 30mm MK 108 guns. Became FW 190F-3. Fitted with WGr 21 cm rocket tubes. Airframe lightened Heavy fighter with eight guns Fighter bomber version of A-6. Heavy fighter project. GM | fitted. ited with WGr 21 em rocket tubes. Modified armament and streng- thened u/c, Heavy fighter. 30mm Mk 108 guns outboard. Provision for single drop-tank Increased gross weight. Increased internal tankage. Trainer, became FW 1905-8, Fighter bomber Twin MG 151s in underwing packs, A8/R2 GM _ 1 version with increased gross weight. A-8/R3 Ground support. Believed project, only. A8/R7 Assault fighter. AB/RS Assault fighter with modified armament. A8/TIL — All-weather fighter A8/RI2 Projected version with modified armament. AS Engine change. AS/R8_ Assault fighter project. A9/RIL — Alleweather fighter with turbo- supercharger. A9/RI2 —_All-weather fighter project. Al0 Long range escort fighter. SPECIFICATION — FW 190A-3 and A-8 Dimensions: Span 34ft 5¥%in (10500mm); length (A- A2, A-3, A4) 28ft 10%in (8798mm), (A-5, A-6, A- AB, A-9) 29ft 4%sin (89SOmm); wing area 196.98sq ft 48.3 sqm). Powerplant: BMW 801D-2 14 cylinder twin-row radial producing 1,S80hp at 2,700rpm at take off and 1,760hp at 3,000rmp at 18, 000% (500m). Performance: Max speed (with over-ride boost from ‘methanol-water 50 per cent injection (MW50) which in- creased engine power for a continuous period of ten minutes below rated altitude on A-4 type) 39Smph at 17,000f (636km/h at 520m), 326mph at 4,500ft (S25km/h at 1400m), 390mph at 20,000ft (628km/h at 6100m); A-8 40Smph at 20,500ft (652km/h at 6250m), 35Smph (S71km/h) at sea level Rate of climb: to 16,500ft (5030m) 4.75min, to 18,0008 (486m) 6.25min. ‘Service ceiling: 37,000ft (11,300m) with normal fuel load. Range: 500 miles (800km) on internal fuel. Weights: A-3 loaded weight 8,378Ib (3800kg); A-8 loaded weight 9,4521b (4287kg), with additional 25.3 imp gall (US litre) fuselage fuel tank fitted 9,7001b (4400ke), A-8 max permissible take off weight (using drop tanks, etc) 10,8031b (4900ka). Tankage: 115.5 imp gall (525 litre). Additional 25.3 imp gall (115 litre) fuselage tank could be fitted to A-8; ‘A310 imp gall (45 litre) oil; A-8 12 imp gall (55 litre) oil, Armament: 4-3—twin synchronised 7.9mm Rheinmetall- Borsig MG17 machine-guns above the cowling; twin synchronised 20mm Mauser MG1S1 cannon in the wing roots and twin 20mm Oerlikon MGFF cannon in the wing panels. Total fire power 6101b/min (276.7kg/min. Rate of fire: MG17 machine-guns, 600 rounds per minute; MGISI cannon, 700 rounds per minute; MGFF canno: 450 rounds per minute. Ammunition: MG17 1,000 rounds per gun; MG151 230 rounds per gun; MGFF 60 rounds Per gun, ‘A-8—two MGI31 13mm machine-guns above the cowling (with 475 rounds per gun), two MGISI 20mm cannon in the wing roots (with 250 rounds per gun), two MGISI 20mm cannon in the wing panels with 140 rounds per gun; A-8/RI four MGISI/20Es with 125 rounds per gun (two beneath each wing) replacing the outboard MGISis; A-8/R2 (wo MK108 30mm cannon with 55 rounds per gun replacing the outboard MG1S1s; A-8/R3 two MK103 30mm cannon with 35 rounds per gun (beneath the wings) replacing the outboard MGISIs,