1

QUESTION 1
Diagram 1.1 shows a cooling system of a motorcycle engine.
You as a mechanical engineer are given a task to study characteristics of metal shown in the
Table 1.2 to be used as effective fins in the cooling system of the motorcycle engine.
[ 10 marks ]

Diagram 1.1

Types of metal

Specific Heat
Capacity
J kg-1C-1

Melting point
C

Heat Conductor

Rate of
expansion

P
Q
R
S

300
360
450
900

1020
700
1600
720

Good
Moderate
Good
Moderate

Moderate
High
Moderate
High

QUESTION 2
A student plans to fix a lamp in his room. Table 3 shows the features of 4 different
types of lamps.
Type of lamp

Power

Efficiency

Life Span

Price

Compact fluorescent
lamp

18 W

50 %

7000 hours

High

Filament lamp

75 W

12 %

1000 hours

Low

Long fluorescent lamp

20 W

45 %

Round fluorescent lamp

24 W

40 %

14000
hours
10000
hours

Medium
High

Explain the suitability of each feature in Table 3 and then determine the most suitable
lamp to be used. Give a reason for your choice.

[10 marks]

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QUESTION 6
Table 6 shows the specifications of four water storage tanks, P, Q, R and S, that can be used
to store

Water storage tank

Material used

metal

concrete

concrete

metal

Density

low

high

low

low

low

high

high

low

Shape
Bentuk

Height from the

Table 6
You are required to determine the most suitable water storage tank. Study the specifications of
all the four water storage tanks based on the following aspects :
-

The material used

The density of the tank

The shape of the tank

The height of the tank from the ground

QUESTION 7
Table below shows the characteristics of four types of cables that have the same length.

Cable

Diameter/ cm

Density/ kgm-3

Rate of expansion

Melting point

P
Q
R
S

2
4
3
1

4.50 x 103
3.00 x 103
5.45 x 103
2.50 x 103

Medium
Low
High
Low

High
High
Low
Medium

You are to choose one of the cables to be used in the National Grid Network.
Explain the suitability of each of the characteristics of the cables. Choose the most suitable
cable and justify your choice.
[10 marks]

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QUESTION 9
The transmission of electricity over the National Grid Network uses high voltage cables. You are
assigned to study the characteristics of cables which could be used as transmission cable. Table 12
shows the characteristics of four transmission cables.
Rate of thermal
expansion
High

Cable

Resistivity /m-1

Density / kg m-3

Cost

3.0 x l0-7

5 x l05

Low

1.8 x l0-8

2 x l03

Medium

7.5 x l0-7

8 x l02

High

7.0 x l0-8

4 x l03

Medium

Low
Medium
High

Table 10
Based on the table 10;
(i)
(ii)

Explain the suitability of the characteristics of the cables to be used as

QUESTION 10
You are required to build a hydrometer that can be used to measure densities of
concentrated acids.
Table 11 shows the characteristics of 4 types of hydrometers L, M, N and O.
Hydrometer
L
M
N
O

Type of
material of
hydrometer
Plastic
Plastic
Glass/
Glass

Diameter of
capillary tube/ cm
0.5
2.0
0.5
2.0
Table 11

Density of
shots/ kgm-3

Diameter of
bottom bulb/ cm

1000
1300
9800
8000

1.0
3.0
3.0
1.0

Based on the table 11

Decide which hydrometer is most suitable and give reasons.

7
QUESTION 11
Heat generated in the car engine has to be removed effectively to avoid overheating. Diagram 12.1
shows the cooling system of a car engine
Heater core

thermostat

Upper radiator
hose

Heater
hoses

Coolant
recovery
system

Bypass
hose

Cooling
jackets

Water
pump

Down-flow radiator
Lower radiator hose

Diagram 12.1
Table 12.1 shows the characteristics of liquid that can be used in the cooling system of a car.

Liquid
J
K
L
M
N

Specific heat capacity

Characteristics
Freezing point Boiling point
(C)
(C)
20
110
-15
120
15
95
5
95
-20
320

Rusting rate
of metal
High
Low
Medium
Medium
Low

You are asked to investigate the characteristic of the liquid in Table 12.1 which could
be used in cooling system of a car. Explain the suitability of each characteristic in Table
12.1 and hence, determine which liquid is most suitable to be used in the cooling
system.. Justify your choice.
[ 10 marks ]

QUESTION 12
As a sport officer, you are given the responsibility to design a high jump landing pad.
Table 12 shows four types of foam materials with different specifications.
Type of
material
P
Q
R
S

Density /

Elasticity /

kgm-3
1500
1700
1200
2000

N cm-1
15.2
13.5
13.7
16.0

Thickness /
cm

Rate of air
absorption

60.0
45.0
80.0
85.0

High
Low
High
moderate

Table 12
You are required to determine the most suitable material to be used to make
the landing pad. Study the specifications of all the four types of material from
the following aspects:
- The density of the material
- The elasticity of the material
- The thickness of the foam
- The ability to absorb water of the material
Explain the suitability of the aspects.

[10 marks]

9
QUESTION 14
Diagram 14 shows circuits P, Q, R, S and T each containing an ideal transformer.
Diodes in the circuits are used for the purpose of rectification.
Circuit

Specification of circuit

QUESTION 15
Q

T
You are asked to make a circuit that can be used to switch on 12 V d.c. radio. Study the
R, S and T in Diagram 12.1 and consider the following aspects:
-

circuits P, Q,

type of transformer
ratio of the number of turns in primary coil to secondary coil
type of rectification
characteristic of output current

Explain the suitability of the above aspects and hence, determine the most suitable circuit to switch on
12 V d.c. radio. Justify your choice.
[ 10 marks ]

10
Diagram 15.1 shows a pair of outdoor shoes suitable for mountain trekking.

Diagram 15.1
Table 15.2 shows the characteristics of five types of materials that can be used
the soles of the trekking shoes.
Type of
material
P
Q
R
S
T
Table 15.2

Density
(Kg/m -3)
820
700
720
750
880

Number of studs x Area

Expansion
effect
Low
Low
Medium
High
High

for making

Ability to
stretch
Good
Good
Average
Poor
Poor

You are asked to study the characteristics of the materials shown in Table 15.2. Explain
the suitability of each characteristic in Table 11.1 and then determine the most suitable
material to be used. Give a reason for your choice.
[ 10 marks ]